2021年“山东学情”高二上学期开学考试
英语试题（A版）
考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1.
答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2.
请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
Where
is
Mr.
Smith
most
probably?
A.
At
home.
B.
At
Sun
Valley.
C.
In
his
office.
2.
How
is
the
man
going
to
spend
this
weekend?
A.
Going
fishing
B.
Doing
his
garden.
C.
Repairing
his
car.
3.
What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.
The
coming
rain.
B.
The
coming
flood.
C.
The
government.
4.
What
is
Jim?
A.
A
teacher.
B.
A
driver.
C.
A
car
seller.
5.
Who
broke
the
glass?
A
Joan.
B.
Adam.
C.
Peter.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.
When
did
the
woman
have
the
graduation
party?
A.
Last
Sunday.
B.
Last
Saturday.
C.
Last
Friday.
7.
What
will
the
man
do
this
afternoon?
A.
Attend
a
meeting.
B.
Meet
some
clients.
C.
Read
some
resumes.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.
What
happened
to
the
boy?
A.
He
was
hit
by
a
car.
B.
He
hit
a
bus
with
his
car.
C.
He
hurt
his
leg
in
an
accident.
9.
What's
the
man
doing
probably?
A.
Making
an
apology.
B.
Asking
for
details.
C.
Looking
after
patients.
10.
What
can
we
know
from
the
conversation?
A.
Something
blocked
the
driver's
view.
B.
The
driver
drove
very
fast.
C.
The
boy
rode
very
fast.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.
What
will
the
woman
do
in
the
restaurant?
A.
Serve
the
table.
B.
Cook
the
dish.
C.
Clean
the
kitchen.
12.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man's
restaurant?
A.
It's
large.
B.
It's
of
medium
size.
C.
It's
small.
13.
What
does
the
man
expect
the
restaurant
to
be?
A.
Warm
and
quiet.
B.
Busy
and
playful.
C.
Large
and
noisy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.
Why
did
Jack
quit
his
job?
A.
He
didn't
like
it
at
all.
B.
He
quarreled
with
his
boss.
C
He
couldn't
finish
his
work.
15.
What
happened
to
Jack
at
the
meeting?
A.
He
was
criticized.
B.
He
made
a
mistake.
C.
He
didn't
make
a
big
deal.
16.
What
does
Jack
think
of
his
job?
A.
It
is
boring.
B.
It
is
challenging.
C.
It
has
no
future.
17.
What
does
Mary
advise
Jack
to
do?
A.
Go
travelling.
B.
Improve
himself.
C.
Find
another
job.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题
18.
What
change
has
been
made
to
the
plane?
A.
The
leaving
time.
B.
The
boarding
gate.
C.
The
boarding
time.
19.
What
will
take
place
in
45
minutes?
A.
Passengers
will
begin
to
board
the
plane.
B.
Flight
618
from
Rome
will
arrive.
C.
The
plane
will
take
off.
20.
What
are
the
passengers
supposed
to
put
in
the
overhead
place?
A.
Purses.
B.
A
small
piece
of
baggage.
C.
Shopping
bags.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，
满分37.5
分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tiffany
McDaniel
on
the
ways
her
mother
inspires
her
literary
career
Tiffany
McDaniel's
mother
made
her
an
eager
reader,
and
now
she's
the
subject
of
her
latest
novel.
In
Betty,
the
author
traces
her
mother's
childhood
and
the
Cherokee
heritage
that
defined
it.
Below,
the
author
tells
us
her
trade
secrets,
from
her
earliest
attempts
to
put
pen
to
paper
to
why
it
meant
so
much
to
write
about
her
own
family.
What
is
the
first
thing
ever
that
you
remember
writing?
I've
been
writing
since
I
was
a
kid
old
enough
to
grasp
the
pen,
so
I
can't
remember
the
very
first
thing
I
ever
wrote.
But
one
of
those
very
early
books
would
have
been
The
Big
Bad
Toothbrush.
I
wrote
it
when
I
was
six.
It
was
about
two
toothbrushes
who
were
twins,
one
of
which
was
evil.
I
still
have
the
book
on
my
shelf,
and
always
remember
the
opening
lines,
“Once
there
was
a
toothbrush
I
was
a
mean
one,
it
was.”
The
evil
toothbrush
would
do
things
like
turn
people's
teeth
black.
The
story
ended
with
the
toothbrush
going
to
toothbrush
heaven.
What
is
the
last
book
that
made
you
cry?
I
have
a
pretty
high
tolerance
level,
so
I've
never
cried
during
a
novel,
but
children's
picture
books
that
feature
the
loss
of
animals
are
ones
that
stay
with
me
like
The
Day
Tiger
Rose
Said
Goodbye
And
books
like
The
Giving
Tree
and
Donkey,
Donkey.
Which
book
is
at
the
top
of
your
current
To-Read
list?
I
read
more
non-fiction
than
I
do
fiction.
Among
those
to
read
is
a
book
about
the
1906
San
Francisco
earthquake
and
another
book
about
the
birth
and
final
fate
of
the
sun.
Science,
and
planetary
science,
in
particular,
is
fascinating
to
me.
Which
book
made
you
a
forever
reader?
Growing
up,
my
mother
Betty
made
sure
books
and
reading
were
part
of
our
lives.
From
the
time
my
sisters
and
I
were
born,
Mom
was
reading
to
us.
And
it
became
a
bedtime
habit
as
we
grew
older.
That's
what
made
me
a
forever
reader.
Having
had
a
mother
who
made
sure
that
from
the
time
we
were
kids,
we
understood
the
importance
of
story.
What
is
your
favorite
part
of
this
Betty?
My
favorite
part
is
that
it
features
my
mother
Betty
and
her
story.
I
wrote
Betty
to
celebrate
the
voices
of
my
family,
and
in
particular
the
voices
of
the
women
in
my
family.
This
book
is
a
personal
journey
for
me
and
the
generations
who
have
come
before
me.
It's
why
this
book
will
always
cast
ripples
in
my
life.
1.
Who
is
the
leading
character
in
Tiffany's
latest
novel?
A.
Herself.
B.
Her
friend.
C.
Her
mother.
D.
Her
sister.
2.
Which
book
is
Tiffany
going
to
read
in
the
near
future?
A.
The
Big
Bad
Toothbrush.
B.
The
Day
Tiger
Rose
Said
Goodbye.
C.
Betty.
D.
a
book
about
the
1906
San
Francisco
earthquake.
3.
What
does
Tiffany
owe
her
writing
career
to?
A.
Her
talent
for
writing.
B.
The
reading
habit
formed
with
the
help
of
her
mother.
C.
Her
love
of
fiction
books.
D.
The
encouragement
from
her
mother.
B
Picture
a
proposal
(求婚)
and
romance,
and
rings
come
to
mind
-
not
a
conversation
about
organs.
But
when
Craig
asked
Sadie
to
marry
him
in
Naples
in
2018,
it
was
kidneys
that
resulted
in
the
talk
of
marriage.
It
had
all
started
with
snoring.
When
the
couple
moved
in
together
in
2010,
Sadie
realized
Craig's
night-time
noises
were
a
problem.
At
first
it
didn't
seem
to
be
serious.
But
after
months
of
examinations,
he
was
diagnosed
as
IgA
Nephropathy,
a
chronic
kidney
disease,
says
Sadie.
“It
was
incurable
and
would
have
a
long-term
impact
on
his
health.
“The
diagnosis
was
a
bomb
-
we
were
facing
the
fact
that
this
would
change
his
life.”
Unfortunately,
by
2016
his
condition
was
worsening.
Craig
recalls:
“I
was
getting
incredibly
tired.
I'd
come
home
from
work
and
fall
on
the
sofa,
asleep
for
hours."
Still,
it
came
as
a
huge
shock
to
them
both
when
in
March
2019
the
couple
were
told
that
Craig
had
two
options:
a
kidney
transplant
or
dialysis.
Sadie
remembers.
“This
wasn't
a
decision
for
five
years'
time
-
he
had
to
make
it
now.
He's
Australian,
So
all
his
family
were
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
My
response
was
clear
and
immediate
-
you
can
have
one
of
mine.”
Craig
says:
“When
I
saw
her
reply,
I
was
struck
with
guilt.
Sadie
is
such
a
selfless
person,
I
wasn't
surprised
that
she
wanted
to
help.”
After
witnessing
the
terrifying
reality
of
dialysis,
Sadie
became
more
determined
to
do
so.
Sadly,
because
they
had
different
blood
types,
Sadie
couldn't
be
a
direct
donor
but
then
they
learned
about
the
Kidney
Sharing
Scheme.
“It's
a
bit
like
a
kidney
swap-shop
based
on
blood,
tissue
and
antibody
tests,”
says
Sadie.
Then
finally,
with
the
help
of
the
scheme,
in
May
2019,
they
were
matched.
On
July
10,
2019,
they
both
checked
into
hospital
and
both
operations
went
smooth.
“Sadie
is
the
most
amazing,
selfless
person
I’ve
ever
met.
Now
we
can
live
life
again,
together,
and
it’s
all
because
of
her.”
Craig
says.
4.
What
did
Craig
suffer
from
in
2010?
A.
Snoring
B.
A
heart
trouble
C.
A
kidney
disease
D.
A
cancer
5.
Which
words
can
be
used
to
best
describe
Sadie?
A.
Generous
and
selfish
B.
Kind
and
selfless
C.
Determined
and
humorous
D.
Amazing
and
serious
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
Not
the
reason
for
Sadie
decision
to
donate
her
organ
to
Craig?
A.
Craig's
family
members
lived
far
away
from
him.
B.
Sadie
didn't
want
Craig
to
go
through
dialysis.
C.
Sadie
was
a
person
of
noble
quality.
D.
Sadie
and
Craig
were
well
matched.
7.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
A
Kidney
Transplant.
B.
A
Young
Man
Suffering
from
A
Disease.
C.
An
Organ
Transplant
Contributed
To
A
Proposal.
D.
A
Young
Man
Proposed
To
His
Girlfriend.
C
Although
a
rich
literature
exists
documenting
the
negative
relationship
between
air
pollution
and
physiological
(生理的)
health,
little
has
been
done
to
examine
the
role
of
air
pollution
in
psychological
heath.
In
the
study,
titled
“Air
Pollution
Reduces
Interpersonal
Trust”
researchers
used
three
different
experimental
designs
to
test
their
theory
that
air
pollution
would
reduce
one's
level
of
trust
in
others.
In
Study
1,
participants
were
presented
with
landscape
photos
that
showed
either
polluted
scenes
or
clear
scenes.
Those
who
viewed
photos
of
polluted
scenes
reported
lower
scores
when
completing
a
questionnaire
measuring
social
trust.
In
Study
2,
researchers
used
a
“big
data”
approach,
collecting
mass
information
from
social
media
platforms
and
analyzing
it
in
connection
with
weather
monitoring
data.
Their
analysis
showed
that
polluted
conditions
were
associated
with
reduced
expressions
of
positive
emotions
on
social
media
sites,
while
clearer
conditions
were
associated
with
stronger
positive
emotional
expressions.
Finally,
in
Study
3,
participants
who
were
asked
to
read
social
media
posts
about
poor
air
quality
reported
less
social
trust
than
those
who
read
posts
unrelated
to
pollution.
This
makes
sense---as
air
pollution
causes
negative
emotions,
people
are
more
likely
to
focus
on
others'
negative
characteristics
and
find
them
less
trustworthy.
The
effects
of
this
study
are
far-reaching.
By
reducing
trust
in
others,
this
study
suggests
that
air
pollution
can
have
negative
effects
on
social
unity
and
harmony.
Considering
widespread
air
pollution
throughout
the
globe,
any
effect
between
pollution
and
human
psychology
should
be
given
serious
attention.
8.
What
did
the
researchers
design
three
different
experiments
for?
A.
To
prove
that
one's
level
of
trust
would
be
negatively
affected
by
air
pollution.
B.
To
test
the
theory
that
air
pollution
would
increase
the
level
of
trust
in
others.
C.
To
prove
that
air
pollution
would
have
a
positive
effect
on
trust
in
others.
D.
To
test
the
theory
that
air
pollution
would
have
a
negative
effect
on
physical
health.
9.
According
to
the
study,
if
you'd
like
to
meet
a
new
friend,
which
day
will
you
choose
to
strengthen
your
friendship?
A.
A
fair
day
B.
A
happy
day
C.
A
rainy
day
D.
A
polluted
day
10.
What
can
be
concluded
from
Study
2?
A.
People
expressed
their
feelings
more
positively
in
polluted
weather
on
social
media
sites.
B.
People
posted
more
negative
feelings
in
clearer
weather
on
social
media
sites
C.
Polluted
weather
led
to
less
positive
emotion
expressions
on
social
media
sites.
D.
Clearer
weather
led
to
less
positive
emotion
expressions
on
social
media
sites
11.
According
to
the
last
paragraph,
how
should
we
deal
with
this
study?
A.
It
has
little
effect
on
the
society
and
can
be
ignored.
B.
It
should
be
paid
special
attention
to.
C.
It
should
be
further
conducted.
D.
It
should
be
stopped.
D
Helping
yourself
to
a
cup
of
coffee
may
seem
like
a
small,
everyday
thing.
But
it
is
not
the
case
if
you
are
quadriplegic
(四肢瘫瘓)
.
Quadriplegics
have
lost
the
use
of
all
four
limbs.
Thanks
to
a
project
organized
by
John
Donoghue
of
Brown
University,
in
Rhode
Island,
and
his
colleagues,
quadriplegics
have
hope.
One
of
the
participants
in
his
experiments,
a
58-year-old
woman
who
is
unable
to
use
any
of
her
limbs,
can
now
pick
up
a
bottle
containing
coffee
and
bring
it
close
enough
to
her
mouth
to
drink
from
it
using
a
straw.
She
does
so
using
a
thought-controlled
robotics
arm
fixed
to
a
nearby
stand.
It
is
the
first
time
she
has
managed
something
like
that
since
she
suffered
a
stroke,
nearly
15
years
ago.
Arms
are
more
complex
pieces
of
machinery
than
legs,
so
controlling
them
via
electrodes
(多波段电极)
attached
to
the
skin
of
someone's
scalp
(头皮)
is
not
yet
possible.
Instead,
brain
actively
has
to
be
recorded
directly.
And
that
is
what
Dr.
Donoghue
is
doing.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
team
have
had
small,
multichannel
electrodes
implanted
in
the
parts
of
the
motor
cortexes
(运动皮质)
of
participants'
brains
associated
with
hand
movements.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
team
decoded
signals
from
their
participants'
brains
as
they
were
asked
to
imagine
controlling
a
robotic
arm
making
present
movements.
The
woman
and
other
volunteers
were
then
encouraged
to
operate
one
of
two
robot
arms
by
thinking
about
the
movements
they
wanted
to
happen.
When
the
software
controlling
the
arms
detected
the
signals
concerned,
the
arms
moved
properly.
The
arm
that
the
woman
used
to
help
herself
to
a
drink
is
a
lightweight
device
developed
by
DLR,
German's
Aerospace
Centre,
as
part
of
its
robotics
program.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
colleagues
have
thus
shown
that
a
mechanical
arm
can
be
controlled
remotely
by
the
brain
of
a
person
with
paralysis.
Controlling
an
arm
that
is
attached
to
the
individual's
body
will
be
thicker,
but
in
time
even
that
may
be
possible.
In
the
meantime,
a
robotic
arm
attached
to
a
wheelchair
will
be
a
real
boon.
For
people
who
have
little
or
no
ability
to
move
their
arms,
Dr.
Donoghue's
work
promises
liberation
in
the
form
of
daily
action
that
the
able-bodied
take
for
granted.
12.
Which
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
The
woman
is
encouraged
to
control
the
mechanical
arm
by
moving
her
body.
B.
The
woman
in
the
experiment
drinks
a
bottle
of
coffee
with
a
robotic
arm
attached
to
her
scalp.
C.
Thanks
to
the
research
by
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
colleagues,
a
quadriplegic
woman
can
get
herself
a
drink.
D.
The
robotic
arm
the
woman
used
is
remotely
controlled
by
DLR.
13.
What's
the
author's
attitude
to
the
future
of
the
robotic
arm?
A.
optimistic.
B.
critical
.
C.
controversial.
D.
negative.
14.
What's
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“boon”
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.
bargain
B.
benefit
C.
arm
D.
ability
15.
What's
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
Quadriplegics
can
use
the
artificial
limbs
developed
by
Dr.
Donoghue
and
lead
a
good
life
by
themselves.
B.
The
newly
developed
thought-controlled
robotic
arms
can
help
the
quadriplegics
in
their
daily
life.
C.
Scientists
have
invented
a
kind
of
robotic
arm
attached
to
the
individual's
body.
D.
A
quadriplegic
can
be
on
his
feet
again
due
to
the
new
invention.
第二节
（共5小题：每小题
2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
In
fact,
I
think
it
might
even
be
stronger
and
more
accurate
to
say
that
most
people
are
down
right
fearful
of
what
they
see
going
on
around
them.
Technological
change
and
innovation
are
completely
changing
many
aspects
of
our
lives
and
it
doesn't
stop
there.
Economic
changes,
social
changes,
scientific
changes,
political
changes...
the
list
is
endless.
____17____
While
the
specific
answers
about
what
to
do
take
time
and
thought
to
uncover,
the
best
way
to
approach
the
future
and
all
of
the
changes
it
will
bring
can
be
summed
up
in
one
word:
Confidence.
What
I
find
fascinating
is
that
people
with
confidence
always
seem
to
end
up
on
top.
____18____
It's
as
if
problems
and
challenges
run
from
the
person
who
has
confidence.
Here's
the
secret
that
most
people
never
get.
Life's
challenges
are
no
match
for
the
person
with
unstoppable
confidence.
While
the
problems
or
challenges
might
seem
too
big
to
be
overcome,
the
person
with
confidence
always
finds
a
way
to
win
regardless
of
the
circumstances.
This
is
a
hard
lesson
to
learn.
The
problems
of
life
seem
so
big
and
scary
and
we
often
think
of
ourselves
as
so
small
and
fragile.
But
that's
not
the
way
it
is.
That's
the
illusion
(假象)
that
most
people
buy
into,
but
it's
not
the
truth.
____19____
We
have
the
power
and
ability
to
overcome
any
obstacle
in
our
path.
And
the
most
important
tool
we
possess
is
personal
confidence,
believing
in
our
ability
to
overcome
the
current
challenge
just
like
we
have
done
so
many
times
in
the
past.
Whatever
challenge
is
currently
in
your
life,
know
that
it's
there
to
help
you
grow
and
expand.
____20____
Remember,
you
wouldn't
have
the
problem
if
you
didn't
have
the
power
to
overcome
it.
Expanding
your
personal
confidence
will
allow
you
to
take
on
whatever
you
need
to
in
order
to
fulfill
your
personal
mission.
A.
They
seem
to
overcome
the
obstacles
that
stand
in
their
way.
B.
The
truth
is
that
we
are
bigger
than
anything
that
can
ever
happen
to
us
in
life.
C.
The
world
is
changing
rapidly
and
most
people
are
very
anxious
about
it.
D.
So
we
maybe
at
a
loss.
E.
However,
the
big
question
we
all
face
is
how
are
we
going
to
respond
to
these
changes?
F.
In
some
ways,
it
is
undoubtedly
the
most
important
skill
we
can
develop.
G.
Use
the
problems
you
encounter
to
help
you
build
your
personal
confidence.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Little
Isabella
Hibbert
was
just
four
when
she
found
her
mum
Chelsea
____21____
on
the
kitchen
floor
at
their
home
in
Oldham,
Greater
Manchester,
in
2018.
The
quick-thinking
youngster
grabbed
Chelsea's
phone
and
____22____
999
and
gave
the
call
handler
her
____23____
before
climbing
on
a
stool
to
let
the
doctors
and
nurses
in.
Chelsea,
30,
said:
“I
got
up
in
the
middle
of
the
night
and
the
next
thing
I
remember
is
the
doctors
and
nurses
being
here.
Isabella
unlocked
my
____24____
and
phoned
the
ambulance.
She
____25____
on
a
little
chair,
got
the
house
key
and
let
them
____26____.
Then,
she
phoned
my
mum,
who
was
across
the
road.
I
____27____
and
she
was
sitting
there
____28____
at
me.
That
was
the
bit
that
broke
me,
thinking
she
was
there
on
her
own.
Even
to
this
day,
it
is
____29____
she
did
that
when
she
was
s0
small.
She
got
a
special
____30____
from
Rainbows,
which
was
really
lovely.
I'm
so
____31____
of
her.”
Three
years
on,
doctors
aren't
sure
what
caused
Chelsea's
mystery
____32____
and
are
still
running
tests
but
suspect
it
was
a
blood
disorder.
But
they
heaped
praise
on
Isabella,
now
seven,
for
____33____
help
so
quickly,
meaning
Chelsea
got
____34____
hospital
treatment.
Emergency
call
handler
Clare
Cattermole
said:
“She
behaved
really
well.
She
was
____35____
and
is
a
real
credit
to
her
mum.”
21.
A.
fainted
B.
sat
C.
slept
D.
stood
22.
A.
dialed
B.
found
C.
got
D.
searched
23.
A.
home
B.
address
C.
story
D.
name
24.
A.
door
B.
room
C.
bag
D.
phone
25.
A.
stepped
B.
walked
C.
climbed
D.
hurried
26
A.
out
B.
in
C.
up
D.
down
27.
A.
came
to
life
B.
came
out
C.
came
up
D.
came
down
28.
A.
watching
B.
glaring
C.
staring
D.
pecking
29.
A.
unacceptable
B.
unavoidable
C.
unbelievable
D.
unreliable
30.
A.
praise
B.
medal
C.
gift
D.
reward
31.
A.
anxious
B.
amazed
C.
proud
D.
excited
32.
A.
cancer
B.
symptom
C.
heart
attack
D.
illness
33.
A.
seeking
B.
giving
C.
receiving
D.
asking
34.
A.
careful
B.
professional
C.
medial
D.
swift
35.
A.
diligent
B.
modest
C.
amazing
D.
warmhearted
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In
recent
years,
there
____36____
(be)
more
and
more
Confucius
Institutes
being
built
all
over
the
world,
____37____
shows
our
Chinese
culture
has
become
____38____
(popular)
than
ever.
____39____
one
of
the
four
ancient
civilizations,
China
creates
many
splendid
cultures
within
its
long
history.
The
ancient
Chinese
culture
once
____40____
(have)
great
influences
on
the
world's
civilization,
especially
in
Japan,
South
Korea
and
other
Asian
countries.
Specially,
traditional
Chinese
painting,
poem,
opera,
cooking,
clothing,
architecture
and
many
other
kinds
of
cultural
forms
make
up
the
splendid
Chinese
culture.
The
kinds
____41____
(list)
above
are
the
typical
ones
which
connect
to
each
other
at
the
same
time.
For
example,
painting,
clothing
and
architecture
has
many
things
in
common.
And
each
kind
of
cultural
form
contains
numerous
____42____
(intend).
The
Chinese
culture
is
slowly
accumulated
in
the
whole
history,
____43____
(make)
it
colorful
and
brilliant.
If
one
wants
to
know
or
study
Chinese
culture
deeply,
he
or
she
must
spend
much
time
in
it,
____44____
he
or
she
can
only
get
tip
of
_____45_____
iceberg.
第四部分写作
（共二节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.
假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集-封英文感谢信，以致敬抗洪抢险一线的战士们，
请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。
1.表达谢意；
2.个人感受；3.表达信心。
注意：1.词数
100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语以为你写好。
Dear
Firefighters,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
第二部分（满分25分）
47.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Finding
a
Friend
Two
years
ago,
a
dog
ran
into
my
yard.
When
he
started
to
wag
his
tail
and
bark,
I
thought
he
was
nice.
But
when
my
hand
got
close
to
his
forehead,
he
lashed
out
and
bit
me.
The
next
day
when
I
woke
up
I
was
lying
in
the
hospital
bed
with
stitches
on
my
right
arm
from
my
wrist
to
my
elbow.
Even
though
the
dog
had
to
go
to
the
pound,
the
fear
and
the
scares
he
gave
never
left.
You
can
imagine
with
my
fear
of
something
like
this
I
was
an
easy
target
for
bullies.
I
didn’t
want
to
become
friends
with
anyone
at
my
school.
I
knew
the
day
would
come
when
the
teasing
would
become
too
much
and
I
wouldn't
be
able
to
take
it
any
longer.
On
a
Friday
it
happened
and
I
ended
up
running
to
my
house
instead
of
taking
the
bus
home.
I
went
straight
into
the
woods.
I
listened
to
the
hush
of
the
trees
and
admired
the
beauty
of
the
falling
leaves,
letting
all
the
frustration
go.
Suddenly
I
heard
whimpering
(呜咽).
I
saw
the
last
thing
I
wanted
to
see,
a
dog.
From
instinct
I
stood
up,
legs
tense,
but
the
dog
didn’t
move.
Even
with
my
fear
of
dogs,
a
part
of
me
wanted
to
go
and
comfort
the
wounded
dog.
Eventually
my
heart
overpowered
my
conscience.
Carefully
I
reached
out
my
right
hand.
My
scar
started
to
tingle,
remembering
the
last
time
I
was
this
close
to
a
dog.
Then,
before
I
was
ready
the
dog
stretched
out
his
neck,
pushing
his
head
into
my
hand.
At
that
point
I
knew
we
needed
each
other.
The
dog
happily
followed
me
home.
Even
after
a
few
days
with
Scruffy
(which
is
what
I
chose
to
name
him),
the
statement
“Dogs
are
man's
best
friend”
was
proven
true.
One
day,
I
was
taking
him
for
a
walk
when
I
noticed
a
sign
on
a
telephone
pole.
The
sign
read:
Lost
Dog
Medium
height,
brown
eyes,
male,
scruffy
light
brown
hair.
Answers
to
the
name
Copper.
If
seen,
please
call
me
at
544-0222,
or
bring
him
to
my
house
at
18
Sugar
Hill
Road,
Easton,
NH.
Thank
you,
Annie
Samson
Next
to
the
writing
there
was
a
picture
of
Copper.
Paragraph
1
Undoubtedly,
that
was
a
picture
of
the
dog
sitting
right
beside
me.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
The
next
day
I
brought
Copper
to
Easton
to
find
his
owner.2021年“山东学情”高二上学期开学考试
英语试题（A版）
考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1.
答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息
2.
请将答案正确填写在答题卡上
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节(共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
Where
is
Mr.
Smith
most
probably?
A.
At
home.
B.
At
Sun
Valley.
C.
In
his
office.
2.
How
is
the
man
going
to
spend
this
weekend?
A.
Going
fishing
B.
Doing
his
garden.
C.
Repairing
his
car.
3.
What
are
the
speakers
mainly
talking
about?
A.
The
coming
rain.
B.
The
coming
flood.
C.
The
government.
4
What
is
Jim?
A.
A
teacher.
B.
A
driver.
C.
A
car
seller.
5.
Who
broke
the
glass?
A.
Joan.
B.
Adam.
C.
Peter.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.
When
did
the
woman
have
the
graduation
party?
A.
Last
Sunday.
B.
Last
Saturday.
C.
Last
Friday.
7.
What
will
the
man
do
this
afternoon?
A.
Attend
a
meeting.
B.
Meet
some
clients.
C.
Read
some
resumes.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.
What
happened
to
the
boy?
A.
He
was
hit
by
a
car.
B.
He
hit
a
bus
with
his
car.
C.
He
hurt
his
leg
in
an
accident.
9.
What's
the
man
doing
probably?
A.
Making
an
apology.
B.
Asking
for
details.
C.
Looking
after
patients.
10.
What
can
we
know
from
the
conversation?
A.
Something
blocked
the
driver's
view.
B.
The
driver
drove
very
fast.
C.
The
boy
rode
very
fast.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.
What
will
the
woman
do
in
the
restaurant?
A.
Serve
the
table.
B.
Cook
the
dish.
C.
Clean
the
kitchen.
12.
What
do
we
know
about
the
man's
restaurant?
A.
It's
large.
B.
It's
of
medium
size.
C.
It's
small.
13.
What
does
the
man
expect
the
restaurant
to
be?
A.
Warm
and
quiet.
B.
Busy
and
playful.
C.
Large
and
noisy.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.
Why
did
Jack
quit
his
job?
A.
He
didn't
like
it
at
all.
B.
He
quarreled
with
his
boss.
C.
He
couldn't
finish
his
work.
15.
What
happened
to
Jack
at
the
meeting?
A.
He
was
criticized.
B.
He
made
a
mistake.
C.
He
didn't
make
a
big
deal.
16.
What
does
Jack
think
of
his
job?
A.
It
is
boring.
B.
It
is
challenging.
C.
It
has
no
future.
17.
What
does
Mary
advise
Jack
to
do?
A.
Go
travelling.
B.
Improve
himself.
C.
Find
another
job.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题
18.
What
change
has
been
made
to
the
plane?
A.
The
leaving
time.
B.
The
boarding
gate.
C.
The
boarding
time.
19.
What
will
take
place
in
45
minutes?
A.
Passengers
will
begin
to
board
the
plane.
B.
Flight
618
from
Rome
will
arrive.
C.
The
plane
will
take
off.
20.
What
are
the
passengers
supposed
to
put
in
the
overhead
place?
A.
Purses.
B.
A
small
piece
of
baggage.
C.
Shopping
bags.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，
满分37.5
分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tiffany
McDaniel
on
the
ways
her
mother
inspires
her
literary
career
Tiffany
McDaniel's
mother
made
her
an
eager
reader,
and
now
she's
the
subject
of
her
latest
novel.
In
Betty,
the
author
traces
her
mother's
childhood
and
the
Cherokee
heritage
that
defined
it.
Below,
the
author
tells
us
her
trade
secrets,
from
her
earliest
attempts
to
put
pen
to
paper
to
why
it
meant
so
much
to
write
about
her
own
family.
What
is
the
first
thing
ever
that
you
remember
writing?
I've
been
writing
since
I
was
a
kid
old
enough
to
grasp
the
pen,
so
I
can't
remember
the
very
first
thing
I
ever
wrote.
But
one
of
those
very
early
books
would
have
been
The
Big
Bad
Toothbrush.
I
wrote
it
when
I
was
six.
It
was
about
two
toothbrushes
who
were
twins,
one
of
which
was
evil.
I
still
have
the
book
on
my
shelf,
and
always
remember
the
opening
lines,
“Once
there
was
a
toothbrush
I
was
a
mean
one,
it
was.”
The
evil
toothbrush
would
do
things
like
turn
people's
teeth
black.
The
story
ended
with
the
toothbrush
going
to
toothbrush
heaven.
What
is
the
last
book
that
made
you
cry?
I
have
a
pretty
high
tolerance
level,
so
I've
never
cried
during
a
novel,
but
children's
picture
books
that
feature
the
loss
of
animals
are
ones
that
stay
with
me
like
The
Day
Tiger
Rose
Said
Goodbye
And
books
like
The
Giving
Tree
and
Donkey,
Donkey.
Which
book
is
at
the
top
of
your
current
To-Read
list?
I
read
more
non-fiction
than
I
do
fiction.
Among
those
to
read
is
a
book
about
the
1906
San
Francisco
earthquake
and
another
book
about
the
birth
and
final
fate
of
the
sun.
Science,
and
planetary
science,
in
particular,
is
fascinating
to
me.
Which
book
made
you
a
forever
reader?
Growing
up,
my
mother
Betty
made
sure
books
and
reading
were
part
of
our
lives.
From
the
time
my
sisters
and
I
were
born,
Mom
was
reading
to
us.
And
it
became
a
bedtime
habit
as
we
grew
older.
That's
what
made
me
a
forever
reader.
Having
had
a
mother
who
made
sure
that
from
the
time
we
were
kids,
we
understood
the
importance
of
story.
What
is
your
favorite
part
of
this
Betty?
My
favorite
part
is
that
it
features
my
mother
Betty
and
her
story.
I
wrote
Betty
to
celebrate
the
voices
of
my
family,
and
in
particular
the
voices
of
the
women
in
my
family.
This
book
is
a
personal
journey
for
me
and
the
generations
who
have
come
before
me.
It's
why
this
book
will
always
cast
ripples
in
my
life.
1.
Who
is
the
leading
character
in
Tiffany's
latest
novel?
A.
Herself.
B.
Her
friend.
C.
Her
mother.
D.
Her
sister.
2.
Which
book
is
Tiffany
going
to
read
in
the
near
future?
A.
The
Big
Bad
Toothbrush.
B.
The
Day
Tiger
Rose
Said
Goodbye.
C.
Betty.
D.
a
book
about
the
1906
San
Francisco
earthquake.
3.
What
does
Tiffany
owe
her
writing
career
to?
A.
Her
talent
for
writing.
B.
The
reading
habit
formed
with
the
help
of
her
mother.
C.
Her
love
of
fiction
books.
D.
The
encouragement
from
her
mother.
【答案】1.
C
2.
D
3.
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇采访稿。主要讲述了Tiffany
的写作历程和她妈妈在她成为作家的过程中所起到的重要作用。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段前两句“Tiffany
McDaniel's
mother
made
her
an
eager
reader,
and
now
she's
the
subject
of
her
latest
novel.
In
Betty,
the
author
traces
her
mother's
childhood
and
the
Cherokee
heritage
that
defined
it.（蒂凡尼·麦克丹尼尔的母亲让她成为了一个热切的读者，现在她成了她最新小说的主题。在《贝蒂》一书中，作者追溯了她母亲的童年，以及定义童年的切诺基传统）”和最后一段第一句“My
favorite
part
is
that
it
features
my
mother
Betty
and
her
story.（我最喜欢的部分是我妈妈贝蒂和她的故事）”可知Tiffany的母亲是她最新小说的主人公。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据小标题Which
book
is
at
the
top
of
your
current
To-Read
list?（哪本书是你现在要读的书单上的第一本书？）中的第四段第二句“Among
those
to
read
is
a
book
about
the
1906
San
Francisco
earthquake
and
another
book
about
the
birth
and
final
fate
of
the
sun.（其中有一本关于1906年旧金山地震的书，还有一本关于太阳诞生和最终命运的书）”可知，作者现在要读一本关于1906年旧金山地震的书。故选D项
。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“From
the
time
my
sisters
and
I
were
born,
Mom
was
reading
to
us.
And
it
became
a
bedtime
habit
as
we
grew
older.
That's
what
made
me
a
forever
reader.（从我和妹妹出生的时候起，妈妈就开始给我们读书。随着年龄的增长，它成为了我们睡觉的习惯。这使我成为一个永远的读者）”可推知，她母亲让读书成为了她的一个习惯，让她热爱读书为她成为一名作家发挥了重要的作用。故选B项。
B
Picture
a
proposal
(求婚)
and
romance,
and
rings
come
to
mind
-
not
a
conversation
about
organs.
But
when
Craig
asked
Sadie
to
marry
him
in
Naples
in
2018,
it
was
kidneys
that
resulted
in
the
talk
of
marriage.
It
had
all
started
with
snoring.
When
the
couple
moved
in
together
in
2010,
Sadie
realized
Craig's
night-time
noises
were
a
problem.
At
first
it
didn't
seem
to
be
serious.
But
after
months
of
examinations,
he
was
diagnosed
as
IgA
Nephropathy,
a
chronic
kidney
disease,
says
Sadie.
“It
was
incurable
and
would
have
a
long-term
impact
on
his
health.
“The
diagnosis
was
a
bomb
-
we
were
facing
the
fact
that
this
would
change
his
life.”
Unfortunately,
by
2016
his
condition
was
worsening.
Craig
recalls:
“I
was
getting
incredibly
tired.
I'd
come
home
from
work
and
fall
on
the
sofa,
asleep
for
hours."
Still,
it
came
as
a
huge
shock
to
them
both
when
in
March
2019
the
couple
were
told
that
Craig
had
two
options:
a
kidney
transplant
or
dialysis.
Sadie
remembers.
“This
wasn't
a
decision
for
five
years'
time
-
he
had
to
make
it
now.
He's
Australian,
So
all
his
family
were
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
My
response
was
clear
and
immediate
-
you
can
have
one
of
mine.”
Craig
says:
“When
I
saw
her
reply,
I
was
struck
with
guilt.
Sadie
is
such
a
selfless
person,
I
wasn't
surprised
that
she
wanted
to
help.”
After
witnessing
the
terrifying
reality
of
dialysis,
Sadie
became
more
determined
to
do
so.
Sadly,
because
they
had
different
blood
types,
Sadie
couldn't
be
a
direct
donor
but
then
they
learned
about
the
Kidney
Sharing
Scheme.
“It's
a
bit
like
a
kidney
swap-shop
based
on
blood,
tissue
and
antibody
tests,”
says
Sadie.
Then
finally,
with
the
help
of
the
scheme,
in
May
2019,
they
were
matched.
On
July
10,
2019,
they
both
checked
into
hospital
and
both
operations
went
smooth.
“Sadie
is
the
most
amazing,
selfless
person
I’ve
ever
met.
Now
we
can
live
life
again,
together,
and
it’s
all
because
of
her.”
Craig
says.
4.
What
did
Craig
suffer
from
in
2010?
A.
Snoring
B.
A
heart
trouble
C.
A
kidney
disease
D.
A
cancer
5.
Which
words
can
be
used
to
best
describe
Sadie?
A.
Generous
and
selfish
B.
Kind
and
selfless
C.
Determined
and
humorous
D.
Amazing
and
serious
6.
Which
of
the
following
is
Not
the
reason
for
Sadie
decision
to
donate
her
organ
to
Craig?
A.
Craig's
family
members
lived
far
away
from
him.
B.
Sadie
didn't
want
Craig
to
go
through
dialysis.
C.
Sadie
was
a
person
of
noble
quality.
D.
Sadie
and
Craig
were
well
matched.
7.
What
is
the
best
title
for
the
passage?
A.
A
Kidney
Transplant.
B.
A
Young
Man
Suffering
from
A
Disease.
C.
An
Organ
Transplant
Contributed
To
A
Proposal.
D.
A
Young
Man
Proposed
To
His
Girlfriend.
【答案】4.
C
5.
B
6.
D
7.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Sadie
和Craig之间感人的爱情故事，Sadie在得知她男朋友患肾病之后对他不离不弃，决定捐献自己的一个肾，最终拯救了男友，两人也收获了爱情。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的
“When
the
couple
moved
in
together
in
2010,
Sadie
realized
Craig's
night-time
noises
were
a
problem.
At
first
it
didn't
seem
to
be
serious.
But
after
months
of
examinations,
he
was
diagnosed
as
IgA
Nephropathy,
a
chronic
kidney
disease,”
（2010年，当两人搬到一起时，Sadie意识到Craig夜间打鼾是个问题。起初，情况似乎并不严重。但经过数月的检查，他被诊断为IgA肾病，一种慢性肾病。”）可知，Craig患了肾病。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Sadie
is
such
a
selfless
person”（Sadie是一位无私的人）以及在面对男友患病后的所作所为可知，Sadie是一位善良、无私的人，故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“He's
Australian,
So
all
his
family
were
on
the
other
side
of
the
world.
”（他是澳大利亚人，所以他的家人都在地球的另一边）可知，Craig的家人离他们很远；根据第五段最后一句“After
witnessing
the
terrifying
reality
of
dialysis,
Sadie
became
more
determined
to
do
so.”（在目睹了透析的可怕现实后，Sadie更加下定决心这么做。）可知，Sadie不想让Craig遭受透析的痛苦；根据Craig对Sadie的评价可知，Sadie是一位品格高尚的人；根据“Then
finally,
with
the
help
of
the
scheme,
in
May
2019,
they
were
matched.
”（最终，在该计划的帮助下，他们配型成功。）所在段落可知，配型成功是在Sadie决定捐肾之后。综上，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。主要讲述了Sadie
和Craig之间感人的爱情故事，Sadie在得知她男朋友患肾病之后对他不离不弃，决定捐献自己的一个肾，最终拯救了男友，两人也收获了爱情。因此可推断选项C“器官移植促成了求婚”为最佳标题，故选C。
【点睛】
C
Although
a
rich
literature
exists
documenting
the
negative
relationship
between
air
pollution
and
physiological
(生理的)
health,
little
has
been
done
to
examine
the
role
of
air
pollution
in
psychological
heath.
In
the
study,
titled
“Air
Pollution
Reduces
Interpersonal
Trust”
researchers
used
three
different
experimental
designs
to
test
their
theory
that
air
pollution
would
reduce
one's
level
of
trust
in
others.
In
Study
1,
participants
were
presented
with
landscape
photos
that
showed
either
polluted
scenes
or
clear
scenes.
Those
who
viewed
photos
of
polluted
scenes
reported
lower
scores
when
completing
a
questionnaire
measuring
social
trust.
In
Study
2,
researchers
used
a
“big
data”
approach,
collecting
mass
information
from
social
media
platforms
and
analyzing
it
in
connection
with
weather
monitoring
data.
Their
analysis
showed
that
polluted
conditions
were
associated
with
reduced
expressions
of
positive
emotions
on
social
media
sites,
while
clearer
conditions
were
associated
with
stronger
positive
emotional
expressions.
Finally,
in
Study
3,
participants
who
were
asked
to
read
social
media
posts
about
poor
air
quality
reported
less
social
trust
than
those
who
read
posts
unrelated
to
pollution.
This
makes
sense---as
air
pollution
causes
negative
emotions,
people
are
more
likely
to
focus
on
others'
negative
characteristics
and
find
them
less
trustworthy.
The
effects
of
this
study
are
far-reaching.
By
reducing
trust
in
others
this
study
suggests
that
air
pollution
can
have
negative
effects
on
social
unity
and
harmony.
Considering
widespread
air
pollution
throughout
the
globe,
any
effect
between
pollution
and
human
psychology
should
be
given
serious
attention.
8
What
did
the
researchers
design
three
different
experiments
for?
A.
To
prove
that
one's
level
of
trust
would
be
negatively
affected
by
air
pollution.
B.
To
test
the
theory
that
air
pollution
would
increase
the
level
of
trust
in
others.
C.
To
prove
that
air
pollution
would
have
a
positive
effect
on
trust
in
others.
D.
To
test
the
theory
that
air
pollution
would
have
a
negative
effect
on
physical
health.
9.
According
to
the
study,
if
you'd
like
to
meet
a
new
friend,
which
day
will
you
choose
to
strengthen
your
friendship?
A.
A
fair
day
B.
A
happy
day
C.
A
rainy
day
D.
A
polluted
day
10.
What
can
be
concluded
from
Study
2?
A.
People
expressed
their
feelings
more
positively
in
polluted
weather
on
social
media
sites.
B.
People
posted
more
negative
feelings
in
clearer
weather
on
social
media
sites
C.
Polluted
weather
led
to
less
positive
emotion
expressions
on
social
media
sites.
D.
Clearer
weather
led
to
less
positive
emotion
expressions
on
social
media
sites
11.
According
to
the
last
paragraph,
how
should
we
deal
with
this
study?
A.
It
has
little
effect
on
the
society
and
can
be
ignored.
B.
It
should
be
paid
special
attention
to.
C.
It
should
be
further
conducted.
D.
It
should
be
stopped.
【答案】8.
A
9.
A
10.
C
11.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本篇文章通过三项研究证明了空气污染会对人与人之间的信任产生负面的影响。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“In
the
study,
titled
“Air
Pollution
Reduces
Interpersonal
Trust”,
researchers
used
three
different
experimental
designs
to
test
their
theory
that
air
pollution
would
reduce
one's
level
of
trust
in
others.（在这项名为“空气污染降低人际信任”的研究中，研究人员使用了三种不同的实验设计来检验他们的理论，即空气污染会降低一个人对他人的信任水平。）”可知，研究人员设计了三个不同的实验来证明一个人的信任度会受到空气污染的负面影响。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“By
reducing
trust
in
others,
this
study
suggests
that
air
pollution
can
have
negative
effects
on
social
unity
and
harmony.（该研究表明，空气污染会降低人们对他人的信任，从而对社会的团结与和谐产生负面影响。）”可知，根据研究的结果可知，污染的天气会让人减少对别人的信任，所以要想增加友谊，需要增加信任，因此要选择晴朗的没有污染的天气。故选A。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Their
analysis
showed
that
polluted
conditions
were
associated
with
reduced
expressions
of
positive
emotions
on
social
media
sites,
while
clearer
conditions
were
associated
with
stronger
positive
emotional
expressions（他们的分析表明，污染的环境与社交媒体网站上积极情绪的表达减少有关，而清晰的环境与更强烈的积极情绪表达有关）”可知，污染的天气导致社交媒体网站上的积极情绪表达减少。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Considering
widespread
air
pollution
throughout
the
globe,
any
effect
between
pollution
and
human
psychology
should
be
given
serious
attention.（考虑到全球范围内普遍存在的空气污染，污染与人类心理之间的任何影响都应该受到重视。）”可知，我们应该重视这项研究。故选B。
D
Helping
yourself
to
a
cup
of
coffee
may
seem
like
a
small,
everyday
thing.
But
it
is
not
the
case
if
you
are
quadriplegic
(四肢瘫瘓)
.
Quadriplegics
have
lost
the
use
of
all
four
limbs.
Thanks
to
a
project
organized
by
John
Donoghue
of
Brown
University,
in
Rhode
Island,
and
his
colleagues,
quadriplegics
have
hope.
One
of
the
participants
in
his
experiments,
a
58-year-old
woman
who
is
unable
to
use
any
of
her
limbs,
can
now
pick
up
a
bottle
containing
coffee
and
bring
it
close
enough
to
her
mouth
to
drink
from
it
using
a
straw.
She
does
so
using
a
thought-controlled
robotics
arm
fixed
to
a
nearby
stand.
It
is
the
first
time
she
has
managed
something
like
that
since
she
suffered
a
stroke,
nearly
15
years
ago.
Arms
are
more
complex
pieces
of
machinery
than
legs,
so
controlling
them
via
electrodes
(多波段电极)
attached
to
the
skin
of
someone's
scalp
(头皮)
is
not
yet
possible.
Instead,
brain
actively
has
to
be
recorded
directly.
And
that
is
what
Dr.
Donoghue
is
doing.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
team
have
had
small,
multichannel
electrodes
implanted
in
the
parts
of
the
motor
cortexes
(运动皮质)
of
participants'
brains
associated
with
hand
movements.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
team
decoded
signals
from
their
participants'
brains
as
they
were
asked
to
imagine
controlling
a
robotic
arm
making
present
movements.
The
woman
and
other
volunteers
were
then
encouraged
to
operate
one
of
two
robot
arms
by
thinking
about
the
movements
they
wanted
to
happen.
When
the
software
controlling
the
arms
detected
the
signals
concerned,
the
arms
moved
properly.
The
arm
that
the
woman
used
to
help
herself
to
a
drink
is
a
lightweight
device
developed
by
DLR,
German's
Aerospace
Centre,
as
part
of
its
robotics
program.
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
colleagues
have
thus
shown
that
a
mechanical
arm
can
be
controlled
remotely
by
the
brain
of
a
person
with
paralysis.
Controlling
an
arm
that
is
attached
to
the
individual's
body
will
be
thicker,
but
in
time
even
that
may
be
possible.
In
the
meantime,
a
robotic
arm
attached
to
a
wheelchair
will
be
a
real
boon.
For
people
who
have
little
or
no
ability
to
move
their
arms,
Dr.
Donoghue's
work
promises
liberation
in
the
form
of
daily
action
that
the
able-bodied
take
for
granted.
12.
Which
is
true
according
to
the
passage?
A.
The
woman
is
encouraged
to
control
the
mechanical
arm
by
moving
her
body.
B.
The
woman
in
the
experiment
drinks
a
bottle
of
coffee
with
a
robotic
arm
attached
to
her
scalp.
C.
Thanks
to
the
research
by
Dr.
Donoghue
and
his
colleagues
a
quadriplegic
woman
can
get
herself
a
drink.
D.
The
robotic
arm
the
woman
used
is
remotely
controlled
by
DLR.
13.
What's
the
author's
attitude
to
the
future
of
the
robotic
arm?
A.
optimistic.
B.
critical
.
C.
controversial.
D.
negative.
14.
What's
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
word
“boon”
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.
bargain
B.
benefit
C.
arm
D.
ability
15.
What's
the
main
idea
of
the
text?
A.
Quadriplegics
can
use
the
artificial
limbs
developed
by
Dr.
Donoghue
and
lead
a
good
life
by
themselves.
B.
The
newly
developed
thought-controlled
robotic
arms
can
help
the
quadriplegics
in
their
daily
life.
C.
Scientists
have
invented
a
kind
of
robotic
arm
attached
to
the
individual's
body.
D.
A
quadriplegic
can
be
on
his
feet
again
due
to
the
new
invention.
【答案】12.
C
13.
A
14.
B
15.
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了罗德岛布朗大学的John
Donoghue和他的同事研究出了可由思想控制的机械手臂，使得四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句
“Thanks
to
a
project
organized
by
John
Donoghue
of
Brown
University,
in
Rhode
Island,
and
his
colleagues,
quadriplegics
have
hope”（多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的John
Donoghue和他的同事组织的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。）以及第二段第一句“One
of
the
participants
in
his
experiments,
a
58-
year-
old
woman
who
is
quadriplegic
and
unable
to
use
any
of
her
limbs,
can
now
pick
up
a
bottle
containing
coffee
and
bring
it
close
enough
to
her
mouth
to
drink
from
it
using
a
straw.”（在他的实验中，一位58岁的瘫痪女性，四肢不能移动，现在她可以拿起一个装着咖啡的瓶子，把它放到嘴边，用吸管喝咖啡。）可知，C选项“多亏了Donoghue博士和他的同事们的研究，一个瘫痪的女人可以给自己弄一杯饮料”是正确的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Controlling
an
arm
that
is
attached
to
the
individual's
body
will
be
trickier,
but
in
time
even
that
may
be
possible.
”（要直接控制安装在身体上的假肢还是比较麻烦，但假以时日，这是可能实现的。）可知这项技术虽复杂，却是可以实现的，因此可推知，作者对四肢瘫痪的机械手臂的未来持乐观态度。故选A。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“For
people
who
have
little
or
no
ability
to
move
their
arms,
Dr.
Donoghue's
work
promises
liberation
in
the
form
of
daily
action
that
the
able-bodied
take
for
granted
.”（对于那些没有能力或者只有有限能力支配他们手臂
的患者来说，Donoghue博士的成果解放了他们，让他们也能够完成那些我们认为理所当然的日常琐事。）可以推知“a
robotic
arm
attached
to
a
wheelchair
will
be
a
real
boon.”（连接在轮椅上的机械臂将是一个真正的福音。）中划线词词义为“福利”，与benefit“利益；益处”意思相近，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段第三句“Thanks
to
a
project
organized
by
John
Donoghue
of
Brown
University,
in
Rhode
Island,
and
his
colleagues,
quadriplegics
have
hope.”（多亏了罗德岛布朗大学的John
Donoghue和他的同事组织的一个项目，四肢瘫痪的人有了希望。）可知，这篇文章的主旨是新研发的由思想控制的机械手臂可以帮助瘫痪者的日常生活。故选B。
【点睛】
第二节
（共5小题：每小题
2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
____16____
In
fact,
I
think
it
might
even
be
stronger
and
more
accurate
to
say
that
most
people
are
down
right
fearful
of
what
they
see
going
on
around
them.
Technological
change
and
innovation
are
completely
changing
many
aspects
of
our
lives
and
it
doesn't
stop
there.
Economic
changes,
social
changes,
scientific
changes,
political
changes...
the
list
is
endless.
____17____
While
the
specific
answers
about
what
to
do
take
time
and
thought
to
uncover,
the
best
way
to
approach
the
future
and
all
of
the
changes
it
will
bring
can
be
summed
up
in
one
word:
Confidence.
What
I
find
fascinating
is
that
people
with
confidence
always
seem
to
end
up
on
top.
____18____
It's
as
if
problems
and
challenges
run
from
the
person
who
has
confidence.
Here's
the
secret
that
most
people
never
get.
Life's
challenges
are
no
match
for
the
person
with
unstoppable
confidence.
While
the
problems
or
challenges
might
seem
too
big
to
be
overcome,
the
person
with
confidence
always
finds
a
way
to
win
regardless
of
the
circumstances.
This
is
a
hard
lesson
to
learn.
The
problems
of
life
seem
so
big
and
scary
and
we
often
think
of
ourselves
as
so
small
and
fragile.
But
that's
not
the
way
it
is.
That's
the
illusion
(假象)
that
most
people
buy
into,
but
it's
not
the
truth.
____19____
We
have
the
power
and
ability
to
overcome
any
obstacle
in
our
path.
And
the
most
important
tool
we
possess
is
personal
confidence,
believing
in
our
ability
to
overcome
the
current
challenge
just
like
we
have
done
so
many
times
in
the
past.
Whatever
challenge
is
currently
in
your
life,
know
that
it's
there
to
help
you
grow
and
expand.
____20____
Remember,
you
wouldn't
have
the
problem
if
you
didn't
have
the
power
to
overcome
it.
Expanding
your
personal
confidence
will
allow
you
to
take
on
whatever
you
need
to
in
order
to
fulfill
your
personal
mission.
A.
They
seem
to
overcome
the
obstacles
that
stand
in
their
way.
B.
The
truth
is
that
we
are
bigger
than
anything
that
can
ever
happen
to
us
in
life.
C.
The
world
is
changing
rapidly
and
most
people
are
very
anxious
about
it.
D.
So
we
maybe
at
a
loss.
E.
However,
the
big
question
we
all
face
is
how
are
we
going
to
respond
to
these
changes?
F.
In
some
ways,
it
is
undoubtedly
the
most
important
skill
we
can
develop.
G.
Use
the
problems
you
encounter
to
help
you
build
your
personal
confidence.
【答案】16.
C
17.
E
18.
A
19.
B
20.
G
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了增加自信的方法和途径。
【16题详解】
根据后句“In
fact,
I
think
it
might
even
be
stronger
and
more
accurate
to
say
that
most
people
are
down
right
fearful
of
what
they
see
going
on
around
them.(事实上，我认为更有力、更准确的说法是，大多数人对他们周围发生的事情感到恐惧。)”可知，首段起始句需要点明背景或问题，即大多数人对现状感到焦虑。所以选择项C“The
world
is
changing
rapidly
and
most
people
are
very
anxious
about
it.(世界正在迅速变化，大多数人对此非常焦虑。)”符合上下文语境。选择项中的The
world
is
changing
rapidly与后句中的going
on
around
them相对应。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据前句“Economic
changes,
social
changes,
scientific
changes,
political
changes...
the
list
is
endless.(
经济变化、社会变化、科学变化、政治变化……这个名单是无穷无尽的。)”和下文“While
the
specific
answers
about
what
to
do
take
time
and
thought
to
uncover,
the
best
way
to
approach
the
future
and
all
of
the
changes
it
will
bring
can
be
summed
up
in
one
word:
Confidence.
(虽然具体的答案需要时间和思考才能找到，但通向未来的最好方法以及它将带来的所有变化可以归结为一个词：信心。)”可知，此处应该是个问句，即我们将如何应对这些无穷无尽的变化。所以选择项E“However,
the
big
question
we
all
face
is
how
are
we
going
to
respond
to
these
changes?
(然而，我们都面临的一个大问题是，我们将如何应对这些变化?)”符合上下文语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据前句“What
I
find
fascinating
is
that
people
with
confidence
always
seem
to
end
up
on
top.
(我发现有趣的是，自信的人似乎总能取得成功)”和后句“It's
as
if
problems
and
challenges
run
from
the
person
who
has
confidence.(
就好像问题和挑战从自信的人身边溜走了。)”可知，自信的人更容易克服问题和挑战而成功。所以选择项A“They
seem
to
overcome
the
obstacles
that
stand
in
their
way.
(他们似乎克服了阻碍他们前进的障碍。)”符合上下文语境。故选A。
【19题详解】
根据后文“We
have
the
power
and
ability
to
overcome
any
obstacle
in
our
path.
And
the
most
important
tool
we
possess
is
personal
confidence,
believing
in
our
ability
to
overcome
the
current
challenge
just
like
we
have
done
so
many
times
in
the
past.
(
我们有力量和能力克服我们道路上的任何障碍。而我们拥有的最重要的工具就是个人自信，相信我们有能力克服当前的挑战，就像我们过去多次做的那样。)”可知，自信能够克服任何困难，我们比任何困难都强大。所以选择项B“The
truth
is
that
we
are
bigger
than
anything
that
can
ever
happen
to
us
in
life.
(事实上，我们比生活中任何可能发生在我们身上的事情都要强大。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据前句“Whatever
challenge
is
currently
in
your
life,
know
that
it's
there
to
help
you
grow
and
expand.
(无论你生活中现在有什么挑战，都要知道它会帮助你成长和发展。)”和后文“Remember,
you
wouldn't
have
the
problem
if
you
didn't
have
the
power
to
overcome
it.
Expanding
your
personal
confidence
will
allow
you
to
take
on
whatever
you
need
to
in
order
to
fulfill
your
personal
mission.
(记住，如果你没有克服困难的能力，你就不会遇到困难。增强自信能让你承担完成个人使命所需要的一切。)”可知，挑战和困难能够帮助你增强自信。所以选择项G“Use
the
problems
you
encounter
to
help
you
build
your
personal
confidence.
(利用你遇到的问题来帮助你建立个人自信。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Little
Isabella
Hibbert
was
just
four
when
she
found
her
mum
Chelsea
____21____
on
the
kitchen
floor
at
their
home
in
Oldham,
Greater
Manchester,
in
2018.
The
quick-thinking
youngster
grabbed
Chelsea's
phone
and
____22____
999
and
gave
the
call
handler
her
____23____
before
climbing
on
a
stool
to
let
the
doctors
and
nurses
in.
Chelsea,
30,
said:
“I
got
up
in
the
middle
of
the
night
and
the
next
thing
I
remember
is
the
doctors
and
nurses
being
here.
Isabella
unlocked
my
____24____
and
phoned
the
ambulance.
She
____25____
on
a
little
chair,
got
the
house
key
and
let
them
____26____.
Then,
she
phoned
my
mum,
who
was
across
the
road.
I
____27____
and
she
was
sitting
there
____28____
at
me.
That
was
the
bit
that
broke
me,
thinking
she
was
there
on
her
own.
Even
to
this
day,
it
is
____29____
she
did
that
when
she
was
s0
small.
She
got
a
special
____30____
from
Rainbows,
which
was
really
lovely.
I'm
so
____31____
of
her.”
Three
years
on,
doctors
aren't
sure
what
caused
Chelsea's
mystery
____32____
and
are
still
running
tests
but
suspect
it
was
a
blood
disorder.
But
they
heaped
praise
on
Isabella,
now
seven,
for
____33____
help
so
quickly,
meaning
Chelsea
got
____34____
hospital
treatment.
Emergency
call
handler
Clare
Cattermole
said:
“She
behaved
really
well.
She
was
____35____
and
is
a
real
credit
to
her
mum.”
21.
A.
fainted
B.
sat
C.
slept
D.
stood
22.
A.
dialed
B.
found
C.
got
D.
searched
23.
A.
home
B.
address
C.
story
D.
name
24.
A.
door
B.
room
C.
bag
D.
phone
25.
A.
stepped
B.
walked
C.
climbed
D.
hurried
26.
A.
out
B.
in
C.
up
D.
down
27.
A.
came
to
life
B.
came
out
C.
came
up
D.
came
down
28.
A.
watching
B.
glaring
C.
staring
D.
pecking
29.
A.
unacceptable
B.
unavoidable
C.
unbelievable
D.
unreliable
30.
A.
praise
B.
medal
C.
gift
D.
reward
31.
A.
anxious
B.
amazed
C.
proud
D.
excited
32.
A.
cancer
B.
symptom
C.
heart
attack
D.
illness
33.
A.
seeking
B.
giving
C.
receiving
D.
asking
34.
A.
careful
B.
professional
C.
medial
D.
swift
35.
A.
diligent
B.
modest
C.
amazing
D.
warmhearted
【答案】21.
A
22.
A
23.
B
24.
D
25.
C
26.
B
27.
A
28.
C
29.
C
30.
B
31.
C
32.
D
33.
A
34.
D
35.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了2018年，四岁的Isabella
Hibbert发现母亲Chelsea晕倒在大曼彻斯特奥尔德姆家中的厨房地板上时，她及时拨打了求助电话，把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，还爬上凳子让医生和护士进屋来救治母亲。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，小Isabella
Hibbert发现母亲Chelsea晕倒在大曼彻斯特奥尔德姆家中的厨房地板上时，她才4岁。A.
fainted晕厥；B.
sat坐下；C.
slept睡觉；D.
stood站立。根据第三段“I
got
up
in
the
middle
of
the
night
and
the
next
thing
I
remember
is
the
doctors
and
nurses
being
here.”可知，Chelsea
记得自己半夜起来，但醒来后就发现医生和护士在自己家里，由此可知她“晕倒”在厨房门口。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个反应敏捷的小女孩抓起切尔西的手机，拨打了999，并把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，然后爬上凳子让医生和护士进来。A.
dialed拨号；B.
found找到；C.
got得到；D.
searched搜索。根据后文“999”可知她四岁的女儿发现她晕倒后，拿起她的手机“拨打”了999，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个反应敏捷的小女孩抓起切尔西的手机，拨打了999，并把自己的地址告诉了电话接线员，然后爬上凳子让医生和护士进来。A.
home家；B.
address地址；C.
story故事；D.
name名字。后来医生和护士来到她的家里，应该是她女儿告诉接电话的人她家的“地址”，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Isabella打开我的手机，给救护车打了电话。A.
door门；B.
room房间；C.
bag包；D.
phone电话。根据后文“phoned
the
ambulance”可知，Isabella
先解锁她妈妈的“手机”，才能给救护车打电话。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她爬上一把小椅子，拿了房子钥匙，让他们进来。A.
stepped行走；B.
walked散步；C.
climbed攀登；D.
hurried匆忙。根据第二段中“before
climbing
on
a
stool
to
let
the
doctors
and
nurses
in”指爬上椅子，应用climb。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：她爬上一把小椅子，拿了房子钥匙，让他们进来。A.
out离开；B.
in在里面；C.
up向上；D.
down向下。根据上文“got
the
house
key
and
let
them”指让救护人员进屋子，应用let
sb.
in。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我苏醒过来，她坐在那里盯着我。A.
came
to
life苏醒；B.
came
out出版；C.
came
up走近；D.
came
down下来。根据文意，此处应该指Chelsea“苏醒过来”以后。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我苏醒过来，她坐在那里盯着我。A.
watching观看；B.
glaring怒视；C.
staring凝视；D.
pecking窥视。Chelsea苏醒过来以后发现她女儿盯着“她看，stare
at“凝视”符合语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使到今天，她在很小的时候就做到了，这是令人难以置信的。A.
unacceptable不可接受的；B.
unavoidable不可避免的；C.
unbelievable难以置信的；D.
unreliable不可靠的。她女儿只有四岁，却能拨打急救电话并告诉急救人员她家的地址，给他们开门，她女儿能做到这一切时令人“难以置信的”，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她得到了彩虹公司的一枚特别奖章，非常可爱。A.
praise赞扬；B.
medal奖章；C.
gift礼物；D.
reward奖励。她女儿Isabella
因为做了这么一件令人难以置信的事情，而受到了“彩虹”组织颁发的一枚“奖章”，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为她感到骄傲。A.
anxious焦虑的；B.
amazed惊讶的；C.
proud骄傲的；D.
excited激动的。结合后文“of
her”可知，Chelsea为她女儿所做的事感到“骄傲”，短语be
proud
of
sb.“为某人感到骄傲”故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三年过去了，医生们仍不确定切尔西神秘疾病的原因，仍在进行测试，但怀疑是血液疾病。A.
cancer癌症；B.
symptom症状；C.
heart
attack心脏病；D.
illness疾病。结合后文“and
are
still
running
tests
but
suspect
it
was
a
blood
disorder”可知医生们还不能确定什么引起了Chelsea
的神秘的“疾病”，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们高度赞扬了现年七岁的Isabella，因为她这么快就寻求了帮助，这意味着Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。A.
seeking寻找；B.
giving给予；C.
receiving收到；D.
asking询问。根据后文“help
so
quickly”可知Isabella因为快速的“寻求帮助”而获得了人们的称赞，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他们高度赞扬了现年七岁的Isabella，因为她这么快就寻求了帮助，这意味着Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。A.
careful仔细的；B.
professional专业的；C.
medial中间的；D.
swift快速的。根据后文“hospital
treatment”可知因为Isabella快速寻求了帮助，所以Chelsea很快就得到了医院的治疗。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她太棒了，这是她妈妈的功劳。A.
diligent勤奋的；B.
modest谦逊的；C.
amazing令人惊异的；D.
warmhearted亲切的。根据上文“She
behaved
really
well.
She
was”可知此处在称赞Isabella，Isabella所做的这一切让人觉得令人惊讶，不可思议，故选C。
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In
recent
years,
there
____36____
(be)
more
and
more
Confucius
Institutes
being
built
all
over
the
world,
____37____
shows
our
Chinese
culture
has
become
____38____
(popular)
than
ever.
____39____
one
of
the
four
ancient
civilizations,
China
creates
many
splendid
cultures
within
its
long
history.
The
ancient
Chinese
culture
once
____40____
(have)
great
influences
on
the
world's
civilization,
especially
in
Japan,
South
Korea
and
other
Asian
countries.
Specially,
traditional
Chinese
painting,
poem,
opera,
cooking,
clothing,
architecture
and
many
other
kinds
of
cultural
forms
make
up
the
splendid
Chinese
culture.
The
kinds
____41____
(list)
above
are
the
typical
ones
which
connect
to
each
other
at
the
same
time.
For
example,
painting,
clothing
and
architecture
has
many
things
in
common.
And
each
kind
of
cultural
form
contains
numerous
____42____
(intend).
The
Chinese
culture
is
slowly
accumulated
in
the
whole
history,
____43____
(make)
it
colorful
and
brilliant.
If
one
wants
to
know
or
study
Chinese
culture
deeply,
he
or
she
must
spend
much
time
in
it,
____44____
he
or
she
can
only
get
tip
of
_____45_____
iceberg.
【答案】36.
have
been
37.
which
38.
more
popular
39.
As
40.
had
41.
listed
42.
intentions
43.
making
44.
otherwise/or
45.
an
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古中国的文明和历史对世界产生了巨大的影响。近年来世界各地建立了越来越多的孔子学院，表明中国文化比过去更受欢迎了。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。根据提示词be以及设空前的there可知此处考查there
be句型；根据上文的In
recent
years可知，此处应用现在完成时态；there
be
句型的现在完成时结构用there
has
been或there
have
been；根据设空后的名词复数Confucius
Institutes可知，此处应用助动词have。故填have
been。
【37题详解】
考查关系代词。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。分析句子结构可知，设空处用于代指前文的整个句子“In
recent
years,
there
____1____
(be)
more
and
more
Confucius
Institutes
being
built
all
over
the
world,”,且设空前有逗号，所以设空所在句是一个非限定性定语从句；分析非限定性定语从句结构可知，设空处代指前文的句子，作从句的主语，所以要用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：近年来，在世界各地已经有越来越多的孔子学院被建立，这表明我们中国的文化比过去更受欢迎了。根据提示词popular和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级；popular的比较级是more
popular。故填more
popular。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：作为四大文明古国之一，中国有着悠久的历史并且创造了许多辉煌的文化。根据句意可知，设空处意为“作为”，应用as表示；设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填As。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：古中国的文化曾经对世界影响巨大，尤其是日本、韩国和其他亚洲国家。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语；根据ancient和once可知，此处应用一般过去时态，提示词have的过去式是had。故填had。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上面列出的类型是同时相互关联的典型类型。分析句子结构可知，The
kinds作主语，are作谓语，所以提示词list在句中作非谓语；根据句意可知，设空处修饰前面的名词kinds，且两者之间是被动关系，即类型“被列出”；表示被动应用过去分词，list的过去分词是listed。故填listed。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：而每一种文化形式都包含着无数的意图。设空前的numerous是形容词，意为“无数的”，用于修饰名词复数；提示词intend的名词形式是intention，其复数形式是intentions。故填intentions。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国文化在整个历史中慢慢积累，使之丰富多彩。分析句子成分可知，The
Chinese
culture作主语，is作谓语，所以提示词make在句中作非谓语；根据句意可知，此处指自然而然的结果，所以要用现在分词作状语，make的现在分词是making。故填making。
【44题详解】
考查连接副词。句意：如果一个人想深入了解或研究中国文化，他或她必须花很多时间在其中，否则他或她只能得到冰山一角。分析句意可知，设空前后的两个分句之间构成转折关系，且设空处意为“否则”，表示“否则”应用副词otherwise或or。故填otherwise/or。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果一个人想深入了解或研究中国文化，他或她必须花很多时间在其中，否则他或她只能得到冰山一角。设空前的iceberg是可数名词单数，此处表泛指，所以前面要用不定冠词修饰，iceberg是元音音素开头的单词，所以要用an。故填an。
第四部分写作
（共二节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.
假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集-封英文感谢信，以致敬抗洪抢险一线的战士们，
请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。
1.表达谢意；
2.个人感受；3.表达信心。
注意：1.词数
100词左右；
2.可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结束语以为你写好。
Dear
Firefighters,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Firefighters,
I
am
Li
Hua,
a
high
middle
school
student
in
Shan
Dong.
I'm
writing
to
express
sincere
gratitude
to
you
all
for
your
devotion
and
sacrifice
in
this
battle
against
the
flood.
In
this
flood,
it
is
you
who,
despite
the
lack
of
equipment
and
the
risk
of
losing
your
lives,
desperately
rescue
those
trapped
but
striving
for
life.
It
is
also
you
who
have
shed
new
light
on
lives
of
the
people
suffering
greatly
to
build
up
their
confidence
to
defeat
it.
It
is
you
who
deserve
all
the
admiration
and
love!
I
can
never
express
our
thankfulness
too
much
for
your
selfless
contribution.
It's
widely
believed
that
with
the
joint
efforts
the
flood
will
be
defeated
and
people's
lives
return
to
normal
soon.
Good
luck
and
stay
well!
Yours
sincerely,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封感谢信，以致敬抗洪抢险一线的战士们。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→show
真诚的：sincere→heartfelt
救援：rescue→save
感谢：thankfulness→gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I
am
Li
Hua,
a
high
middle
school
student
in
Shan
Dong.
拓展句：I
am
Li
Hua
who
is
a
high
middle
school
student
in
Shan
Dong.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
It
is
also
you
who
have
shed
new
light
on
lives
of
the
people
suffering
greatly
to
build
up
their
confidence
to
defeat
it.
(运用了强调句型)
[高分句型2]
It's
widely
believed
that
with
the
joint
efforts
the
flood
will
be
defeated
and
people's
lives
return
to
normal
soon.(运用了that引导的主语从句)
第二部分（满分25分）
47.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Finding
a
Friend
Two
years
ago,
a
dog
ran
into
my
yard.
When
he
started
to
wag
his
tail
and
bark,
I
thought
he
was
nice.
But
when
my
hand
got
close
to
his
forehead,
he
lashed
out
and
bit
me.
The
next
day
when
I
woke
up
I
was
lying
in
the
hospital
bed
with
stitches
on
my
right
arm
from
my
wrist
to
my
elbow.
Even
though
the
dog
had
to
go
to
the
pound,
the
fear
and
the
scares
he
gave
never
left.
You
can
imagine
with
my
fear
of
something
like
this
I
was
an
easy
target
for
bullies.
I
didn’t
want
to
become
friends
with
anyone
at
my
school.
I
knew
the
day
would
come
when
the
teasing
would
become
too
much
and
I
wouldn't
be
able
to
take
it
any
longer.
On
a
Friday
it
happened
and
I
ended
up
running
to
my
house
instead
of
taking
the
bus
home.
I
went
straight
into
the
woods.
I
listened
to
the
hush
of
the
trees
and
admired
the
beauty
of
the
falling
leaves,
letting
all
the
frustration
go.
Suddenly
I
heard
whimpering
(呜咽).
I
saw
the
last
thing
I
wanted
to
see,
a
dog.
From
instinct
I
stood
up,
legs
tense,
but
the
dog
didn’t
move.
Even
with
my
fear
of
dogs,
a
part
of
me
wanted
to
go
and
comfort
the
wounded
dog.
Eventually
my
heart
overpowered
my
conscience.
Carefully
I
reached
out
my
right
hand.
My
scar
started
to
tingle,
remembering
the
last
time
I
was
this
close
to
a
dog.
Then,
before
I
was
ready
the
dog
stretched
out
his
neck,
pushing
his
head
into
my
hand.
At
that
point
I
knew
we
needed
each
other.
The
dog
happily
followed
me
home.
Even
after
a
few
days
with
Scruffy
(which
is
what
I
chose
to
name
him),
the
statement
“Dogs
are
man's
best
friend”
was
proven
true.
One
day,
I
was
taking
him
for
a
walk
when
I
noticed
a
sign
on
a
telephone
pole.
The
sign
read:
Lost
Dog
Medium
height,
brown
eyes,
male,
scruffy
light
brown
hair.
Answers
to
the
name
Copper.
If
seen,
please
call
me
at
544-0222,
or
bring
him
to
my
house
at
18
Sugar
Hill
Road,
Easton,
NH.
Thank
you,
Annie
Samson
Next
to
the
writing
there
was
a
picture
of
Copper.
Paragraph
1
Undoubtedly,
that
was
a
picture
of
the
dog
sitting
right
beside
me.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2
The
next
day
I
brought
Copper
to
Easton
to
find
his
owner.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One
possible
version:
Paragraph
1
Undoubtedly,
that
was
a
picture
of
the
dog
sitting
right
beside
me.
My
heart
shattered
into
a
million
pieces.
The
dog
who
had
rescued
me
from
drowning
in
sadness
belonged
to
someone
else.
That
evening
I
sat
in
bed,
staring
at
the
sign
that
I
had
torn
down
in
anger.
Just
then
it
occurred
to
me
that
Annie
was
probably
feeling
just
as
miserable
as
I
had
before
I
found
“Copper”.
At
that
moment
I
knew
I
had
to
return
my
friend
to
his
rightful
owner.
Paragraph
2
The
next
day
I
brought
Copper
to
Easton
to
find
his
owner.
When
I
knocked
on
the
door
I
knew
I
had
done
the
right
thing.
The
girl
answered
the
door
and
almost
cried
with
happiness
that
her
dog
had
come
home.
She
thanked
me
about
twenty
times
before
she
took
Copper.
Then,
right
as
she
was
closing
the
door,
I
whispered,
“He's
a
great
dog.”
She
must
have
recognized
the
sadness
in
my
eyes
because
she
offered
for
me
to
come
over
after
school
and
walk
Copper
with
her.
Annie
and
I
quickly
became
best
friends
and
to
this
day
we
still
are.
Surprisingly
enough,
I
owe
it
all
to
a
dog.
【解析】
【分析】本文以动物为线索展开，讲述了作者被狗咬过后变得胆小不愿意和别人交朋友，但是有一次在森林遇到的流浪狗和自己相处很好，收养了它，在得知它是别人寻物启事的小狗后送它回家的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“毫无疑问，这是一张狗坐在我旁边的照片。”可知，第一段可描写作者对是否归还这只把他从悲伤中救出来的狗的内心挣扎经过。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我带着考伯到伊斯顿去找它的主人。”可知，第二段可描写作者带小狗一起回原来的主人家。
2.续写线索：
被狗咬——克服恐惧——收养——纠结——归还——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想到：strike/hit/occur
to
②.合法的主人：his
legal
owner./his
rightful
owner.
③.看出：tell/recognize
情绪类
①.伤心的：heartbroken/miserable
②.感谢：showing
her
appreciation/show
her
gratitude/be
grateful
【点睛】[高分句型1].The
dog
who
had
rescued
me
from
drowning
in
sadness
belonged
to
someone
else.（由关系代词who引导的定语从句）
[高分句型2].When
I
knocked
on
the
door
I
knew
I
had
done
the
right
thing.（由when引导状语从句）
