中考英语二轮语法专题复习课件：宾语从句 (共31张PPT)

(共31张PPT)
交大附中航天学校英语微课
初三语法专题复习
宾语从句
hang
tian
school
affiliated
to
the
hsxjtu
2020年3月16日
什么是宾语从句
宾从的连接词
宾从的时态
宾从的语序
宾语从句
宾从的其他考点
312
宾语从句的概念：
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,可以放在及物动词,形容词或者介词后面。
句子结构：
主句
+
引导词引导的宾语从句
(复合句)
引导词
+
主语
+
谓语
+其它
I
know
him
.
2.
I
know
who
he
is
.
主语
谓语
宾语
（简单句）
主语
谓语
宾
语
从
句
引导词
从句主语
从句谓语
（复合句）
主
句
Try
to
underline
the
object
clauses(宾语从句).
1、We
how
we
shall
do
.
2、I'm
that
he
didn't
call
me.
3、I
worry
whether
he
can
pass
4、Pay
attention
what
the
doctor
said.
Conclusion:
宾语从句多位于_________________________的后面。
及物动词,
形容词或介词等
wonder
afraid
about
to
分析近10年陕西中考真题,宾从除了2016年未考查以外,其余几年均有考查,具体如下
万维P193
1.语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序
引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分
Eg:
1.I
want
to
know
when
is
your
birthday.
2.I
want
to
know
when
your
birthday
is.
引导词
+主语
+
谓语
√
主语
谓语
万维P193
1.
When
will
he
go
to
the
library?
?His
brother
asks
when
the
library
.
?His
brother
asks
when
the
library
.
2.
What
does
he
want
to
buy
?
?
I
don’t
know
what
buy
.
?
I
don’t
know
what
buy
.
3.
Who
are
we
going
to
meet
?
?
Can
you
tell
me
who
meet
?
?
Can
you
tell
me
who
meet
?
he
will
go
to
will
he
go
to
he
wants
to
does
he
want
to
we
are
going
to
are
we
going
to
What’s
wrong?
What’s
the
matter?
What
has
happened?
Who
is
in
the
classroom?
注意：
当有些疑问词做句子的主语时,问句本身就是陈述句语序,在变成宾语从句时，语序不变
I
don’t
know_________________
.
2)
Can
you
tell
me
_______________
?
what
has
happened
what’s
the
matter
万维p193
“注意”部分
万维p193
如果主句是现在的时态,从句时态根据句意而定。（需要性原则）
I
hear
Joe
left
for
BJ
yesterday/
will
leave
for
BJ
tomorrow.
2.
如果主句是过去时(一般过去时/过去进行时)，从句要用相应的过去类时态(一般过去时/过去进行时/过去将来时/过去完成时)。（呼应性原则）
当从句是客观真理
时，从句用一般现在时，主句时态根据句意而定。（特殊性原则）
Miss
Hu
said
that
the
earth
goes
around
the
sun.
2、时态
I
hear
(that)
Jim
______(
be
)
a
worker
two
years
ago.
Jim
______(
be
)
an
English
teacher
now
.
Jim_________(
cook
)
dinner
tomorrow
.
Jim__________(
sing
)a
popular
song
now.
Jim__________(
be
)
to
the
Great
Wall
twice
.
Jim__________
(
play
)
basketball
when
his
father
came
back.
Jim____________(
learn
)1000
Chinese
words
by
the
end
of
last
semester.
was
is
will
cook
is
singing
has
been
was
playing
had
learned
宾语从句的时态
1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据句意而定
（需要性原则）
宾语从句的时态
2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去类的时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致（呼应性原则）
1)
He
will
go
to
Hong
Kong
.
2)
He
is
sick.
3)
He
is
reading
a
book
.
4)
He
has
finished
his
work.
He
said
would
go
was
was
reading
had
finished
1)
He________
to
Hong
Kong
.
2)
He_____
sick.
3)
He_____________a
book
.
4)
He____________his
work.
宾语从句的时态
3.当从句是客观真理、定理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等时,从句用一般现在时，主句时态根据句意而定。（特殊性原则）
He
told
me
the
earth
_______
(go)
around
the
sun.
My
physics
teacher
told
us
__________________________(光比声音传播得快。)
goes
light
travels
faster
than
sound
The
radio
says
it
_______
(be)
cloudy
tomorrow.
The
headmaster
hopes
everything
______(go)
well.
I
heard
they
____________
(return)
it
already.
Our
teacher
told
us
in
class
the
sun
_______
in
the
east.
(rise)
will
be
goes
had
returned
rises
Practice
Fill
in
the
proper
form
of
the
words
given
3.引导词
1.从属连词that
2.从属连词if/whether
3.连接代词(what,
which,
who,
whose,
whom等)，和连接副词(where,
why,
when,
how等)
万维p193&194
结论1：that引导的宾语从句中,
that
只起连接作用，无词义，在从句中_____
成分，口语中可以____。
that
he
is
a
student.
He
says
_________________
Practice：句型转换
He
lives
in
Beijing
I
guess……
I
guess（that）he
Iives
in
Beijing.
陈述句:He
is
a
student.
不作
省略
他说他是个学生。
1:
that从句位于句首时；
That
he
ever
said
such
a
thing
I
simply
don’t
believe.
2：it作形式宾语；
We
made
it
clear
that
we
would
not
give
in.
3:主句谓语动词后有插入语；
When
we
got
there,
he
found
,
however,
that
the
weather
was
not
good.
4：两个以上宾从，第二个宾从中that不可省；
I
believe
(that)
you’ve
done
your
best
and
that
things
will
improve.
5：间接宾语后；
The
teacher
advised
us
that
we
should
pay
more
attention
to
reading
and
writing
6：that位于except，in
，but,
besides等介词之后。
I
know
nothing
about
him
except
that
he
lives
here.
下列情况下that不能省略
Attention
结论2：whether
或if引导的宾语从句中,
whether
/if
理解为“是否”，______句子成分,不可省略。
whether/if
he
is
a
student.
I
ask
him
_________________________
不充当
Practice：
Does
Jack
come
from
Japan?
Do
you
know…?
Do
you
know
whether/if
Jack
comes
from
Japan?
(陈述句语序)
一般疑问句
:Is
he
a
student?
我问他是否是个学生。
whether
/
if
“是否”
下列情况下只能用whether
1）or或or
not
Can
you
tell
me
whether
or
not
the
train
has
left?
2）介词后宾语从句；
I
am
not
interested
in
whether
you
like
the
plan
or
not.
3）不定式前；
I
don't
know
whether
to
accept
or
refuse.
4）句首；
Whether
it
is
true
or
not,
I
can’t
tell.
5）
discuss后宾语从句用whether
We
will
discuss
whether
we
are
to
hold
a
sports
meeting
next
week.
只用if：如果宾语从句为否定句时，
Eg：
I
don’t
know
if
it
won't
rain
tomorrow
连接代词
which,
what,
whose,
who,
whom,
whatever,
whoever,
whomever,
whichever；连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
I
wonder
who
will
teach
us.
Mr.
Wang
asked
whose
book
that
was.
You
can
take
whatever
you
like.
I
don’t
know
which
/
what
topic
I
should
choose.
连接副词
where,
when,
why,
how等连接副词在句中作状语。
He
didn’t
tell
me
when
we
should
meet
again.
Could
you
please
tell
me
how
you
use
the
new
panel?
None
of
us
knows
where
these
new
parts
can
be
bought.
缺时间状语，用when；缺地点状语，用where；缺原因状语，用why；
缺方式状语，用how。
当引导词为连接代词或连接副词时,引导词在从句中充当
一定的成分
B
A
D
C
试一试吧！
1.
I
wonder
_______
he
is
crying
now
.
A.
that
B.
why
C.
how
D.
when
2.
Have
you
found
out
______
we
can
do
on
Hainan
Island
?
A.
what
B.
how
C.
if
D.
whether
3.
I
don’t
know
______
he
still
lives
here
.
A.
where
B.
what
C.
when
D.
whether
4.--Do
you
know
____Grandma
is
going
to
visit
us
?
--Next
Saturday.
She
told
me
on
the
phone.
A.where
B.why
C.when
D.whether
注意：that
和what的区别
1)
He
answered______
he
was
listening
to
me.
2)
I
don’t
know
______
you
said.
3)
I
told
him
______
happened
to
me
last
night.
that:
what:
在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，往往可以省略。
除起连接作用外，还在宾语从句中充当主语、宾语、或表语,不可省略。
that
what
what
填空练习：
1)
Will
you
tell
me
_______
I
can
keep
healthy?
2)
He
told
me
_____
his
father
had
died
and
_____he
had
to
make
a
living
alone.
3)
I
don’t
know
_________
there
will
be
a
bus
or
not.
4)
His
mother
is
satisfied
with______
he
has
done.
5)
I
want
to
know
_____________
she
is
looking
after.
6)
We
think
it
necessary
_____
we
take
plenty
of
hot
water
every
day.
how
that
whom
that
what
that
whether
1.宾语从句的否定前移
条件：
(1)：谓语动词为think,
believe,
imagine,
suppose,
consider,
expect,
guess等
(2)：主句的主语是第一人称
+
时态是一般现在时
否定在主句上
I
don’t
think
they
will
come
to
my
party.
I
don’t
believe
that
man
was
killed
by
Jim.
四.宾语从句其他考点
万维p194拓展部分
2.特殊疑问词+宾语从句
特殊疑问词+to
do
(谓语动词常为know/learn/remember/
tell等,且宾从主语和主句主语一致)
I
don’t
know
what
I
shall
do
next
.
I
don’t
know
what
to
do
next
.
She
didn’t
decide
which
one
she
would
choose
.
She
didn’t
decide
which
one
to
choose
.
Please
tell
me
whom
you’ll
give
the
letter
to
.
Please
tell
me
whom
to
give
the
letter
to
.
3.
有时可用it作形式宾语，而把真正的宾
语从句后置。如：
We
found
it
strange
that
no
one
would
take
the
money.
He
has
made
it
clear
that
he
would
not
give
in.
引导词
疑问代词/副词
在句子中充当成分,不可省略
语序
时态
主句
—
过去时
→
主句
—
现在时
→
---
陈述句语序
that
不作成分,只起连接作用,可以省略
If
/
whether
是否,不作成分但不可省略
（只能用whether/if
的情况）
（从句的构成：主语+谓语+其他成分）
从句
—
任何时态(特殊)
从句
—
过去类时态
Summary
宾语从句的三要素
从句为客观真理、定理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语时一律用一般现在时
1.-Did
you
notice
____
in
her
office?(19北京）
-Yes.
She
was
going
over
our
writing.
A.
what
was
Miss
Lin
doing
B.
what
Miss
Lin
was
doing
C.
what
does
Miss
Lin
do
D.
what
Miss
Lin
does
2.--
Have
you
decided
____
the
Expo
2019
Beijing?
--This
summer
holiday.(19广东）
A.
how
are
you
going
to
B.
how
you
are
going
to
C.
when
are
you
going
to
D.
when
you
are
going
to
3.--Dear
friends,
do
you
still
remember
____
three
years
ago?
--To
realize
our
dreams
!(19重庆）
A.
why
you
came
here
B.
why
did
you
come
here
C.
how
you
came
here
D.
how
did
you
come
here
4.--
I
wonder
__________
.（19南京）
--Someone
who
can
make
me
a
better
person.
A.
when
you
often
meet
your
friends
B.
how
you
make
your
friends
happy
C.
who
you
want
to
make
friends
with
D.
where
you
spend
weekends
with
friends
B
D
A
C
5.--Kate,
do
you
know______
?
--I'm
not
sure.
Maybe
a
Bird-watching
Society
worker.(19扬州）
A.
where
can
I
watch
birds
B.
what
is
the
man
with
a
camera
C.
where
I
can
watch
birds
D.
what
the
man
with
a
camera
is
6.--
Next
Friday
is
my
mother's
birthday.
I'm
thinking
about
__________
.（19泰州）
--Great
boy
!And
please
give
my
best
wishes
to
her.
A.
what
present
I
gave
her
B.
how
I
can
give
her
a
surprise
C.
If
I
planned
a
party
for
her
D.
where
will
my
family
have
a
big
meal
7.--
What
did
Mr
Wang
ask
you
just
now?
--He
asked
me______
yesterday
afternoon.(19宿迁）
A.
why
I
am
absent
from
school
B.
why
I
was
absent
from
school
C.
why
am
I
absent
from
school
D.
why
was
Iabsent
from
school
8.--
Could
you
tell
me
______?
--Sure.
Go
down
the
street
,
you
can
find
it
at
the
second
crossing
!
(19滨州）
A.
where
is
the
supermarket
B.
where
the
supermarket
is
C.
when
does
the
supermarket
open
D.
when
the
supermarket
opens
D
B
B
B
Homework
1.万维宾语从句精讲本&精练本
2.
补充练习