高中英语新课标人教版新课标人教版选修8 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors

(共74张PPT)
1. ______n. 可能的选择; adj. 供选择的；其他的 → ______ adv. 两者选一地
2. ______ n. 精确；准确→ ______ adj.精确的；准确的→ ______ adv.准确无误地
3. ______ vt.&vi.打断……讲话；打岔;暂时中断或中止→ ______ n.中断；打扰
4. ______ vt.假定；设想→ ______ n.假设；假定
5. ______ vt.&vi.（使）锋利;尖锐；清晰 → ______ adj. 刺耳的;锋利的;急剧的 n.__________锐利n.___________削刀；磨具
6. ______ adj. 足够的；充足的；富裕的 → ______ adj.(同义词)
alternative
alternatively
accuracy
accurate
accurately
interrupt
interruption
assume
assumption
sharpen
sharp
ample
enough/plenty of/sufficient/abundant/adequate
sharpness
sharpener
ripen ripe strengthen/lengthen
7. _______ n.分析→ _______ vt.分析
8. _______ n.意义；意思；重要性；重要意义 → _______ adj.有重大意义的
analysis
analyze
significance
significant
___________ is the first thing. To get an __________number，we must measure
______________. (accurate)
accurately
Accuracy
accurate
⑴ The bell indicating the end of the period rang，____________ (interrupt) our heated discussion.
⑵ Chinese civilization is the only one without ____________ (interrupt) in the world.
interrupting
interruption
⑴ You must be very careful with this_____
knife.
⑵ A workman must _________ his tools if he is to do his work well.
⑶ Who else has a pencil_______________
sharp
sharpen
sharpener
1. alternative
1We had to go on，because there was no (other) alternative.
我们只能继续下去，因为没有其他的选择。
2.Do you have an alternative solution to the problem
你有没有别的办法来解决这个问题？
3.The soldiers has no alternative but to fight till the victory.
战士们没有选择余地，只有战斗到胜利。
链接
selection
choice
alternative
【即学即练】
完成句子
①我担心我别无选择，只能呆在家里。
I am afraid I _____ _____ ______ ______ ______ stay at home.
②我没有别的办法，只好向警方告发了他。
I_____ ______ ______ ______ ______ report him to the police.
答案：①have no alternative but to
②had no alternative but to
1.(2009·湖北卷)As there is less and less coal and oil，scientists are exploring new ways of making use of________energy，such as sunlight，wind and water for power and fuel.
A．primary　　　　　　　　　 B.alternative
C．instant　　　 D．unique
解析：　考查形容词用法。primary最初的；alternative可替代性的；instant瞬间的；unique唯一的。根据句意可知应选B项，表示“可替代性能源”。
答案：　B
2. interrupt v.
根据语境猜词义
(1) Traffic was interrupted by a dense fog.
(2) It is not polite to interrupt when others are talking.
根据语义找匹配
A. 中断　B. 打断(讲话)
链接
cut in / break in 插嘴， 打断
interruption n. 中断，打断
without interruption不间断地
辨析
interrupt / disturb
interrupt sb. 打断某人讲话或正在做的事。
disturb sb.打扰 / 妨碍 / 扰乱某人(使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序)。
用interrupt / disturb的正确形式填空
(1) Don't __________ her; she is puzzling over something important.
(2) His speech was constantly __________ by applause.
(1) disturb　(2) interrupted
① interrupt v.
(3)We have to________you，because your speech has gone beyond the time limit.
(4)Playing with mobile phones in class can________other students’ study.
答案：　(1)interrupt　(2)disturb
根据语境猜词义
(1) The scientists assume that there are no animals on the moon.
(2) The thief assumed a look of innocence.
3.assume vt.
根据语义找匹配
A．设想　B．假装
链接
assume sb. / sth. to be 假定 / 假设某人 / 某事为……
It is assumed that… 人们认为…
assumption n. 假定，假设
make an assumption认为，假定
on the assumption that 假定；以……的设想为根据
assuming that... 假设/假定……
It is assumed that
assume him to be
assuming
单项填空
(　　)It is generally __________ that stress is caused by too much work.
A. assumed B. interrupted
C. accelerated D. preserved
A
4. regardless of 不管； 不顾
根据语境感悟其用法
(1) I will go there regardless of the weather.
(2) They continued to work regardless of the fact that it was raining hard.
regardless of不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
1.He says what he thinks，regardless of other people’s feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的感受。
2.Regardless of whether he is right or wrong，we have to follow his decisions.不论他是对还是错，我们必须遵守他的决定。
链接
in spite of / despite不管，不顾；尽管，虽然
regardless of / in spite of / despite 后加名词或代词，不能直接跟从句
though / although“虽然；尽管”， 引导让步状语从句
【即学即练】
完成句子
①不管报酬多少我都要做这份工作。
I’ ll take the job _______ ______ the pay.
答案：regardless of
单项填空
②_______ the difficulties in talking, they can understand each other by body language.
A. Regardless of B. Although
C. Though D. In spite
解析:选A。although与though是连词，后需跟句子，而the difficulties in talking是名词短语，故排除。D项表达有误。故选A。
单项填空
(　　)So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, ______ the cold.
A. regardless of B. instead of
C. in terms of D. by means of
A
(2009·江苏卷)This special school accepts all disabled students，________educational level and background.
A．according to　　　 B．regardless of
C．in addition to　　　 D．in terms of
解析：　according to根据；regardless of不顾，抛开……不说；in addition to另外；in terms of就……来说。句意为：这所特教学校接受所有的残疾学生，不管受教育水平和背景如何。
答案：　B
5. at most 至多；最多=at the most
反义：at least至少=at the least
运用：根据汉语意思完成句子。
⑴ 你最多出多少钱？
How much will you pay_______________
at most
⑵ 这辆汽车最多能容纳四十名乘员。
This car can hold___________________ .
forty passengers at most
at best 充其量，至多
Don't scold him too much; he is at best a child.
不要太责骂他; 他只不过是个孩子。
不要对他期望过高; 他只不过是个学生。
Don't expect much of him; he is at best a student.
根据语境猜词义
(1) His son's death cut him up badly.
(2) Alice cut up the meat and began to cook it.
5.cut up
根据语义找匹配
A. 使……悲痛， 使……伤心　B. 切碎
归纳拓展
cut…in half ＝ cut…into halves 把……切成两半
cut up sth.＝cut sth. into pieces把东西切/剁成碎片
cut away (from sth.)(从某物上)切除、割掉、砍掉、剪去
cut off 切断……的去路/来路，中断(电话通话、供给)；使与外界隔绝
cut down(自根基部分)砍倒；削减，缩小
cut in (on sb./sth.) 打断(谈话)；打搅；插嘴
根据句意填入cut 相关的正确短语
(1) Your article is too long — please cut it __________ to 1,000 words.
(2) You are supposed to cut __________ vegetables before you cook.
(3) I wish Marie would stop cutting __________ our conversation all the time.
(1) down　(2) up　(3) in
【链接训练】
①Has the electricity been ________
A．cut out B．cut off
C．cut down D．cut in
【解析】　cut off 意为“切断(电源，水源，供应等)”。cut out“略去，删去”；cut down“削减，缩小”；cut in“插嘴”这三个短语均不符合句意。句意为：切断电源了吗？
【答案】　B
②The boy kept ________ during his parents' conversation，which made them unhappy.
A．cutting down B．cutting up
C．cutting in D．cutting off
【解析】　考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这个小男孩在他父母谈话期间不断插话，这使得他父母很不高兴。cut down“砍倒”；cut up“切碎，使伤心”；cut in“插话”；cut off“中断，切断；与……隔绝”。
【答案】　C
interrupted
assumed
alternative
significance
interruption
6．The ancient Greeks measured the size of the earth with surprising ________ (accurate)．
答案：　accuracy
7．A workman must ________ (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.
答案：　sharpen
8．The crops will not be ready for harvesting until we have had some sunshine to ________ (ripe) them.
答案：　ripen
9．The kitchen’s always so ________ (mess) after we’ve had guests.Will you give me a hand to do it over
答案：　messy
1. significance n．意义；重要性
根据语境感悟其用法
(1) Few people realized the significance of the discovery.
(2) This new discovery of oil is of great significance to this area's economy.
链接
significant adj. 重要的；有意义的
短语
be of great / no / little significance非常重要的/不重要的/不太重要的
“be＋of＋抽象名词”结构＝ “be＋adj.”
(这些名词前可用great，some，no, little 等词修饰)
be of importance ＝ be important重要的
be of help ＝ be helpful有帮助的
be of use ＝ be useful有用的
be of value ＝ be valuable有价值的
be of benefit ＝ be beneficial有益的；有好处的
6. The book is of______ .
A. great significance B. very significance
C. great significant D. very importance
解析:选A。be of 后面跟名词常用来表达性质，名词前可以用形容词修饰，但是very是副词，因此可以排除B、D两项。
A
修饰形容词
2.somehow adv. 不知怎么地……；以……方式
经典例句
① Somehow he was afraid of her. 不知怎的,他怕她。
② I'll have it out with him somehow. 我总是要跟他决一雌雄的。 I was somewhat surprised. 我有点惊讶。
词义辨析
辨析
　anyhow, somehow与somewhat
anyhow 意为“无论如何”，相当于 anyway；at any rate；一 般 用 在 事 前
somehow 意为“以某种方式”(in some way or other) somehow 在 事 后 或“由于某种原因”；
somewhat 意为“从某种意义讲；有几分,略，稍 ”，相当于 in a way, rather。
即学即练
选词填空(somehow/anyhow/somewhat）
1）We must get the work finished ______ or other by tomorrow morning.
2）It may rain, but ______ I shall go out， I don’t mind the rain.
3）The price was _______higher than I’d expected.
答案：1)somehow 2)anyhow 3)somewhat
v. to express approval of (someone or something) especially by such clapping. 赞赏, 鼓掌向(某人或某物)
表示赞赏, 尤指鼓掌欢呼clap sb/clap one’s hands
Everyone applauded when the play ended.
演出结束时, 大家都热烈鼓掌。
I applaud your decision.
我赞成你的决定。
applaud sb for sth_____
3. applaud:
练习：
The schoolmaster ___ the girl’s honesty and
Bravery in his opening speech.
A.clapped B.applauded
C.enhanced(提高） D.elevated（举起）
B
4. accelerate=speed up
a. to increase the speed of
加速, 促进加快…...的速度
这部新车加速效能良好。
The new car has good acceleration.
b. to cause to happen earlier (正式) 催促
他决定加快他的课程进度。
He decided to accelerate his courses.
5. arrest vt.
根据语境猜词义
(1) The agent was arrested for carrying a false passport.
(2) The bright colors of the flowers arrested Susan's attention.
根据语义找匹配
A．吸引　B．逮捕
链接
get / be arrested 遭逮捕
arrest sb. for doing sth. 因……而逮捕某人
arrest/catch/hold/atrract one's attention 吸引某人的注意力=catch one’s eyes
under arrest 被捕
under house arrest 在软禁中
make an arrest 进行拘捕
运用：翻译下列句子。
⑴ 他们没有理由逮捕他。
They had no grounds__________________.
⑵ 杀人犯被监控起来了。
The murderer was____________________.
⑶ 罪犯已被捕。
The criminal is_______________________ .
under arrest
to arrest him
placed under arrest
【链接训练】
The agent was ________ for carrying a false passport.
A．arrested B．accused
C．charged D．suspected
【解析】　考查动词与介词的搭配。accuse，suspect 常与of 连用；charge 常与 with 连用；而 arrest 则与 for 连用表示“因……而逮捕某人”。
【答案】　A
6.feed up with
feed sb/sth on sth给（人或动物）食物；喂；饲养
feed sth. to sb./sth. 给（人或动物）某物作为食物
feed on （动物）以……为主食
live on sth. 以……为主食；靠……生活
(be) fed up with(=be bored with)对……厌倦；受够了
【即学即练】
用适当的介词填空
①Several children were feeding bread _______ the ducks.
②What do you feed your dog _______
③I’m fed up ________ the same breakfast every morning.
答案： ①to ②on ③with
2. look ahead 向前看；为将来打算
运用：根据汉语意思完成句子。
⑴ 向前望去，你就可以看到一座宝塔。
Just __________ and you’ll see a pagoda.
look ahead
⑵ 要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了。
If only she_________________ and planned better!
had looked ahead
链接
Look ahead 向前看
Look back on 回忆
Look up a word in the dictionary
Look forward to 期待;期盼
Look down on/upon 瞧不起
Look up to sb=respect sb 尊敬
Look through 浏览
Look into 调查
Look after 照顾
【链接训练】
________，we must expect changes to be made in our system of teaching.
A．Looking around B．Looking ahead
C．Watching out D．Seeing around
【解析】　句意为：展望未来，我们希望我们的教学体系得以改变。look ahead 意为“为将来设想”；look around 意为“向四周看”；watch out 意为“注意、当心”；see与around 无此搭配。
【答案】　B
3. date back to=date from(+ 时间点)追溯到，从……就有。无被动语态，用一般现在时态。
date back(+ 时间段)追溯到
运用：翻译下列句子。
⑴ 这座城市的历史可追溯到18世纪40年代，英国人到来的时候。
The history of the city _________________
_______________________ when the British arrived.
dates back to
(=dates from) the 1740s
⑵ 这座城市的历史可追溯到400年前，英国人到来的时候。
The history of the city_______________
when the British arrived.
dates back 400 years
【巩固运用】翻译：
他对美术的兴趣可以追溯到孩童时代的一件小事。
His interest in the art can date back to a little accident in his childhood.
8.The traditional friendship between our two peoples ________ ancient times.
A．is dated back to　　　 B．dates at
C．dates back to　　　 D．is dated from
解析：　date back to追溯至，常用于一般现在时。
答案：　C
Ⅱ根据汉意写出下列单词：
1.Try a______________guess about it.
2. I am sorry to _______________you.
3. So we think it is reasonable to _______(认为) they lived in these caves.
4. It seemed that they have used ________(削尖的) tools to cut up the animals.
5. After that they would have had to rub an ________(足够的) amount of salt.
6. It is a ________（原始的）necklace.
tentative(试探性的)
interrupt (打断)
assume
sharpened
ample
primitive
7. Yes and so well __________（保存的）
8. Botanical ________(分析) have ________(确切地) shown us that all the fields here used to be a lake.
9. She had felt so proud as the groups ________(为...鼓掌) his choice.
10. Lala ________(加速) her walk up.
11. A delicious smell ________(吸引，逮捕) her attention.
12. Her senses became ________(晕眩的) with hunger.
preserved
analyses
accurately
applaud
accelerated
arrested
dizzy
A
C
D
D
6. After being _____ for days, the water supply returns to normal today.
A. cut off B. cut down C. cut out C. cut up
解析:选A。cut off切断（电、供应等）；cut down 削减；砍倒；cut out 切除;cut up分割；切碎。根据句意，应选A。
7. He has a talent for _______ and planning everything well.
A. looking ahead B. looking behind
C. looking up D. looking for
解析:选A。look ahead在这里是“展望未来”的意思。
8. The noise _______ my attention and I stopped my work to see what happened.
A. made B. distracted C. arrested D. paid
解析:选C。arrest在这里是“吸引”的意思;distract意为“分散”。由句意知，应选C。
9. It won't be easy, but________ we’ll get across the river.
A. somewhat B. somewhere C. somehow D. sometimes
解析:选C。句意为：这不会很容易，但是我们也得设法过河。somehow不管怎么样；以某种方式。
10. I can meet you at eight o’clock; _______ you can call for me.
A. incidentally B. actually C. alternatively D. accordingly
解析:选C。alternatively=as an alternative,意为“作为替代的办法”。