人教版（2019）必修一： Unit 2 Travelling Around单元基础卷（有解析）

2021-2022学年人教版（2019）必修一：
Unit
2
Travelling
Around单元基础卷
时间：100分钟
分值：120分
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.
5分，满分37.
5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Harvard
Pre-College
Program
SESSION
I:
SESSION
II:
SESSION
III:
June
23
---
July
5,
2019
July
7
---
July
19,
2019
July
21
---
August
2,
2019
Our
summer
program
for
high
school
students
is
designed
to
pave
the
way
for
a
successful
college
experience.
HERE
YOU
CAN:
Learn
without
limits
Pursue
your
interests
in
courses
focusing
on
physics,
law,
writing,
philosophy,
and
a
dozen
other
subjects.
Live
at
Harvard
You
will
live
in
a
historic
undergraduate
house
near
Harvard
Square.
Your
plan
covers
three
meals
a
day,
seven
days
a
week.
Have
fun
outside
the
classroom
You
might
enjoy
a
Cirque
du
Sileil
performance,
a
Red
Sox
game
at
Fenway
Park,
or
a
trip
to
the
Museum
of
Science.
ELIGIBILITY
(申请资格)
Students
are
academically
motivated
and
will
graduate
in
2020
or
2021.
TO
APPLY
Complete
an
online
application
and
provide
the
following
materials:
the
$50
nonrefundable
application
fee;
transcripts
(成绩单)
with
fall
2018
grades;
signed
rules
and
regulations.
INTERNATIONAL
STUDENTS
Participants
should
apply
for
the
B-2
tourist
visa.
If
English
is
not
your
native
language,
submit
scores
from
the
TOEFLor
IELTS
language
proficiency
exam.
APPLICATION
TIPS
No
fee
is
required
to
start
your
application.
You
will
be
asked
to
pay
the
application
fee
only
upon
submitting
the
application.
The
scores
of
successful
applicants
are
typically
above
103
on
the
TOEFL
with
25
on
the
written
section
or
at
least
7.5
on
the
IELTS
with
7
on
the
written
section.
Use
a
desktop
or
laptop.
You
will
be
asked
to
write
short
essays
as
part
of
your
application.
This
may
be
challenging
to
do
on
a
mobile
phone.
You
will
receive
an
email
informing
you
of
the
application
status
approximately
three
weeks
after
you
have
completed
your
application.
1.
Harvard
organizes
such
a
program
to
______.
A.
reduce
students’
academic
pressure
B.
select
good
students
to
join
in
Harvard
C.
make
students
obtain
high
grades
in
their
study
D.
help
students
prepare
for
their
future
college
life
2.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
program?
A.
Students
are
offered
three
meals
except
weekends.
B.
It
merely
has
two
sessions
during
one
summer.
C.
It
provides
courses
on
various
subjects
for
students.
D.
Students
can
live
in
a
hotel
near
Harvard.
3.
If
you
are
a
native
student
who
wants
to
apply
for
the
program,
you
need
to
provide
______
A.
a
B-2
tourist
visa
B.
transcripts
with
your
fall
2018
grades
C.
scores
from
the
TOEFL
exam
D.
a
recommendation
letter
from
your
high
school
teacher
4.
The
applicants
can
learn
from
the
application
tips
that
______.
A.
their
TOEFL
or
IELTS
scores
should
meet
the
requirements
B.
the
application
fee
should
be
paid
before
they
start
applying
C.
it
is
convenient
to
use
any
electronic
products
to
apply
D.
they
can
check
the
application
status
in
a
week
【答案】DCBA
【解析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了哈佛大学帮助学生为大学生活做准备而开设的一个暑期项目的情况。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段Our
summer
program
for
high
school
students
is
designed
to
pave
the
way
for
a
successful
college
experience.（我们的高中生暑期项目是为成功的大学生活铺平道路的。）可知哈佛大学组织了这样一个项目来帮助学生为他们未来的大学生活做准备。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据Learn
without
limits部分中Pursue
your
interests
in
courses
focusing
on
physics,
law,
writing,
philosophy,
and
a
dozen
other
subjects.（在物理、法律、写作、哲学和其他十几个学科上追求你的兴趣。）可知项目为学生提供不同学科的课程。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据TO
APPLY部分中Complete
an
online
application
and
provide
the
following
materials:
the
$50
nonrefundable
application
fee;
transcripts
(成绩单)
with
fall
2018
grades;
signed
rules
and
regulations.（完成网上申请，并提供以下材料:50美元的不可退还的申请费;2018年秋季成绩单;签署规章制度。）可知如果你是本地学生，想要申请这个项目，你需要提供2018年秋季的成绩单。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据APPLICATION
TIPS部分中
The
scores
of
successful
applicants
are
typically
above
103
on
the
TOEFL
with
25
on
the
written
section
or
at
least
7.5
on
the
IELTS
with
7
on
the
written
section.（成功申请者的托福成绩一般在103分以上，写作部分25分，雅思至少7.5分，写作部分7分。）可知申请者可以从APPLICATION
TIPS中了解到他们的托福或雅思成绩应该达到的分数要求。故选A。
B
I
saw
my
first
tree
today.
Dad
used
to
tell
me
stories
about
the
trees
that
still
existed
when
he
was
a
boy.
There
weren’t
very
many
even
then,
with
the
urbanization
program
in
full
swing.
The
O’Brien
home
was
one
of
the
few
examples
of
old-style
wooden
structures
that
hadn’t
been
destroyed
in
Boston’s
urban-renewal
campaign.
The
family
had
been
able
to
avoid
this
because
of
its
wealth
and
political
influence,
and
the
house
was
passed
on
through
generations
to
the
present.
Old
man
O’Brien
had
no
children,
so
when
he
died,
the
Urban
Center
bought
it.
Then
an
official
discovered
that
the
house
had
a
backyard-in
the
yard
was
a
live
tree!
When
the
news
of
the
tree’s
discovery
leaked
out
quite
a
few
sightseers
stopped
by
to
have
a
look
at
it,
and
the
local
government,
realizing
the
money-making
potential,
began
charging
admission
and
advertising
the
place.
By
now
it
had
become
a
favorite
spot
for
family
trips
like
ours.
Dad
paid
the
fee
and
we
walked
through
a
doorway
hidden
in
a
bookshelf
and
into
the
backyard.
I
just
couldn’t
help
noticing
the
tree!
It
was
located
at
one
end
of
the
yard,
with
a
fence
around
it
for
protection.
It
was
similar
in
form
to
the
plastic
trees
I’d
seen,
but
there
was
much
more.
You
could
see
details
more
delicate
than
in
any
artificially
made
plant.
And
it
was
alive.
But
best
of
all
was
the
smell-fresh,
living
smell,
unfamiliar
to
the
world
outside
with
metal,
plastic,
and
glass.
I
wanted
to
touch
the
bark,
but
the
fence
prevented
me
from
doing
so.
On
the
way
back,
I
read
through
the
brochures.
One
part
said
the
O’Brien
home
would
be
torn
down
next
year
to
make
room
for
some
insurance
building,
and
the
tree
will
have
to
go,
too.
I
just
sat
still,
fingering
the
object
in
my
pocket
that
I
had
picked
in
the
O’Brien’s
backyard.
I
think
it’s
called
an
acorn
(橡子).
5.
Why
could
the
tree
in
the
O’Brien’s
backyard
survive
till
today?
A.
It
possessed
some
special
characteristics.
B.
It
had
a
very
strong
fence
around
to
protect
it.
C.
It
was
preserved
together
with
the
house
by
its
owner.
D.
It
got
the
local
government’s
attention
as
a
tourist
attraction.
6.
How
might
the
author
feel
after
the
trip?
A.
Annoyed.
B.
Calm.
C.
Excited.
D.
Upset.
7.
Which
statement
best
shows
the
theme
of
the
passage?
A.
Social
progress
and
urbanization
come
at
a
cost.
B.
Social
progress
should
give
way
to
nature
protection.
C.
Humans
value
nature
protection
over
social
progress.
D.
Urbanization
has
more
advantages
than
disadvantages.
【答案】CDA
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在城市化全面推进的社会里终于见到了第一棵真树，这棵树种在O’Brien家后院，但是因为要为一些保险大楼腾出空间，明年这棵树也要被砍掉，这使作者很沮丧。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段中“The
O’Brien
home
was
one
of
the
few
examples
of
old-style
wooden
structures
that
hadn’t
been
destroyed
in
Boston’s
urban-renewal
campaign.
The
family
had
been
able
to
avoid
this
because
of
its
wealth
and
political
influence,
and
the
house
was
passed
on
through
generations
to
the
present.
…Then
an
official
discovered
that
the
house
had
a
backyard-in
the
yard
was
a
live
tree!
(在波士顿的城市重建运动中，奥布莱恩的房子是少数几个没有被摧毁的旧式木结构建筑的例子之一。由于其财富和政治影响力，这个家族得以避免这种情况，这所房子代代相传到现在。……后来一位官员发现这所房子有一个后院——院子里是一棵活的树!)”可知，O’Brien家后院的树能存活到今天是因为它和房子一起被主人保存了下来。故选C项。
6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“One
part
said
the
O’Brien
home
would
be
torn
down
next
year
to
make
room
for
some
insurance
building,
and
the
tree
will
have
to
go,
too.
(其中一部分说O’Brien的房子明年将被拆除，为一些保险大楼腾出空间，那棵树也必须被砍掉。)”和最后一段中“I
just
sat
still,
fingering
the
object
in
my
pocket
that
I
had
picked
in
the
O’Brien’s
backyard.
(我只能静静地坐着，用手摸着我口袋里的东西，它是在O’Brien家后院捡到的。)”可知，作者在这次旅行后会感到沮丧。故选D项。
7.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Dad
used
to
tell
me
stories
about
the
trees
that
still
existed
when
he
was
a
boy.
There
weren’t
very
many
even
then,
with
the
urbanization
program
in
full
swing.
(爸爸常给我讲他小时候还存在的那些树的故事。即使在当时，随着城市化进程的全面推进，这样的城市也不多。)”和倒数第二段中“One
part
said
the
O’Brien
home
would
be
torn
down
next
year
to
make
room
for
some
insurance
building,
and
the
tree
will
have
to
go,
too.
(其中一部分说O’Brien的房子明年将被拆除，为一些保险大楼腾出空间，那棵树也必须被砍掉。)”以及下文的描述，可知，本文讲述了作者在城市化全面推进的社会里终于见到了第一棵真树，这棵树种在O’Brien家后院，但是因为要为一些保险大楼腾出空间，明年这棵树也要被砍掉，这使作者很沮丧。因此本文的主题选项A“社会进步和城市化是有代价的。”符合题意。故选A项。
C
Thanks
to
its
harsh
environment,
Antarctica
remained
largely
untouched
by
humans
for
many
millennia,
allowing
a
thriving
ecosystem
to
evolve.
However,
since
the
1990s,
the
last
true
wilderness
on
the
planet
is
becoming
an
increasingly
popular
destination
for
adventure-seeking
tourists.
Now,
a
new
study
declares
that
the
visitors
may
be
leaving
behind
harmful
bacteria
which
could
devastate
the
area's
native
bird
population.
Humans
can
infect
animals
with
illnesses
such
as
the
flu.
Researchers,
however,
believed
that
the
Antarctic
animals
were
immune
to
the
danger
due
to
the
continent's
extreme
weather.
However,
microbiologist
Marta
Cerda-Cuellar
was
not
convinced.
She
and
some
colleagues
decided
to
examine
waste
samples
from
Antarctic
birds
for
evidence
of
human
bacteria.
To
ensure
the
waste
was
not
polluted,
the
scientists
had
to
collect
it
from
the
birds
themselves.
The
results
of
their
study
revealed
the
presence
of
several
types
of
human
bacteria
in
the
bird
waste.
This
included
a
common
strain
(品种)
of
bacteria
that
causes
food
poisoning
in
humans.
The
researchers
say
the
bacteria
strains
were
resistant
to
commonly-used
human
antibiotics,
indicating
they
were
brought
in
by
the
visitors,
rather
than
migratory
birds
(候鸟).
“These
strains,
which
are
a
common
cause
for
infections
in
humans
and
livestock,
do
not
usually
cause
death
outbreaks
in
wild
animals,"
says
Gonzalez-Solis.
"However,
the
emerging
or
invasive
pathogens
(病原体)
that
arrive
to
highly
sensitive
populations
could
have
severe
consequences
and
cause
the
local
collapse
and
extinction
of
some
populations."
The
researcher
also
fears
the
presence
of
these
bugs
could
foreshadow
the
arrival
of
other,
more
deadly,
pathogens
as
the
number
of
tourists
people
increases.
Experts
believe
the
only
way
to
prevent
the
mass
destruction
of
the
birds
is
to
impose
stricter
regulations
or,
at
least,
put
the
ones
already
in
place
into
effect.
For
example,
while
the
Antarctica
Treaty
requires
visitors
to
carry
their
waste
back
home
to
safeguard
the
pristine
environment,
the
regulation
is
rarely
enforced.
Nowadays,
some
officials
are
taking
steps
to
save
the
vulnerable
birds
before
it's
too
late.
8.
What
problem
is
Antarctica
facing
according
to
Paragraph
1&2?
A.
The
increasing
number
of
tourists.
B.
The
worsening
wilderness.
C.
The
replaced
native
bird
population.
D.
The
spread
of
infectious
illnesses.
9.
What
docs
the
underlined
word
"devastate"
mean?
A.
Destroy.
B.
Increase.
C.
Protect.
D.
Benefit.
10.
Why
did
the
scientists
need
to
catch
some
Antarctic
animals?
A.
To
treat
their
illness.
B.
To
get
their
waste.
C.
To
raise
them
as
pets.
D.
To
study
their
lifestyles.
11.
What
did
the
scientists
prove
in
their
study?
A.
Bacteria
can
be
killed
by
human
antibiotics.
B.
Extreme
weather
keeps
Antarctic
animals
healthy.
C.
Humans
bring
bacteria
to
Antarctica.
D.
Antarctic
animals
are
immune
to
human
bacteria.
Optimistic.
【答案】DABC
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述由于南极洲的寒冷人类几千年来没有踏足。然而,自上世纪90年代以来，地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成为探险游客的热门目的地。一项新的研究发现游客们可能留下有害细菌，影响鸟类的生存。科学家对此做了研究，建议限制人类旅游的数量。
8.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Now,
a
new
study
declares
that
the
visitors
may
be
leaving
behind
harmful
bacteria
which
could
devastate
the
area's
native
bird
population.(现在，一项新的研究表明，游客留下的有害细菌可能会摧毁该地区的本地鸟类种群)”和第二段第一句“Humans
can
infect
animals
with
illnesses
such
as
the
flu.”(人类可以让动物感染流感等疾病)”可知，根据第一和第二段，南极洲面临传染病的传播。故选D。
9.词句猜测题。根据第一段最后一句中“the
visitors
may
be
leaving
behind
harmful
bacteria(参观者可能留下了有害的细菌)”和划线词后面的“the
area's
native
bird
population.
(当地鸟类的数量)”推知，细菌“摧毁”鸟类种群，所以划线词的意思是“摧毁”。故选A。
10.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“She
and
some
colleagues
decided
to
examine
waste
samples
from
Antarctic
birds
for
evidence
of
human
bacteria.
(她和一些同事决定研究南极鸟类的粪便样本，寻找人类细菌的证据)”可知，科学家们捕捉一些南极动物是为了获取他们的粪便。故选B。
11.推理判断题。根据第四段中“The
results
of
their
study
revealed
the
presence
of
several
types
of
human
bacteria
in
the
bird
waste.
This
included
a
common
strain
(品种)
of
bacteria
that
causes
food
poisoning
in
humans.
(他们的研究结果显示，鸟类粪便中存在几种人类细菌。其中包括一种会导致人类食物中毒的常见细菌)”可知，科学家们在他们的研究中证明了人类把细菌带到南极洲。故选C。
D
Recently,
I
was
talking
with
a
friend
of
mine
about
a
mutual
(有相同关系的)
friend
of
ours.
"I
wish
I
could
be
like
Jenny.
She
always
seems
so
happy.
I'm
mot
joking;
I
honestly
think
she
has
the
perfect
life,"
said
my
friend.
If
you
were
to
look
at
the
Instagram
account
of
Jenny,
you
would
indeed
see
what
looks
like
the
perfect
life.
However,
despite
the
enviable
content
of
her
Instagram,
I
learned
through
conversations
with
this
girl
that
it
was.
all
carefully
handled.
Everything
was
put
together
to
maintain
the
public
image
that
she
was
a
happy-go-lucky,
carefree
(无忧无虑的)
girl.
When
she
was
sad
or
upset,
there
was
no
indication
of
these
emotions
on
her
Instagram.
In
fact,
we
all
choose
our
online
media
presence.
Look
through
your
Instagram
—
I
bet
that
you
don't
post
pictures
where
you
don't
feel
camera-ready.
On
Instagram,
we
always
show
our
“good
side”.
Think
about
it.
Would
you
rather
post
“I
tried
so
hard
but
I
ended
up
failing
my
test55
or
“I
treated
myself
to
a
hot
coffee
after
studying
hard
all
week”?
We
all
want
to
present
the
best
parts
of
our
lives,
to
show
what's
going
well,
and
what
we're
proud
of.
We
take
photos
of
the
nice
things
we
own,
or
of
any
sorts
of
events
considered
“special”,
such
as
invite-only
or
formal
parties.
We
post
photos
of
the
good
times
rather
than
the
bad
times.
No
matter
what
happens,
we
try
to
make
our
online
image
perfect.
There's
absolutely
nothing
wrong
with
making
your
online
presence
perfect-everyone'
does
it
in
some
way
or
another.
However,
when
it
comes
to
feeling
envious
of
someone
else's
Instagram
posts,
remember
that
just
like
you,
they're
showing
their
good
side.
12.
What's
Jenny's
life
like
indeed?
A.
Her
life
is
always
full
of
sadness.
B.
Her
life
is
boring
and
meaningless.
C.
She
lives
a
perfect
and
meaningful
life.
D.
She
lives
an
ordinary
life
just
like
others'.
13.
What
does
the
author
consider
common?
A.
That
people
love
reading
posts
online.
B.
That
people
hide
their
bad
side
online.
C.
That
people
want
to
please
others
online.
D.
That
people
dream
of
living
a
perfect
life.
14.
Which
of
the
following
statements
would
the
author
agree
with?
A.
We
should
stop
reading
online
stories.
B.
We
should
always
show
our
good
side.
C.
We
shouldn't
perfect
our
online
image.
D.
We
shouldn't
envy
others'
online
presence.
15.
What
does
the
author
think
of
the
make-up
perfect
life
online?
A.
There
is
nothing
wrong
to
cheat
people
online.
B.
Showing
good
side
online
is
quite
vital
in
daily
life.
C.
It
is
rather
natural
for
people
to
make
perfect
online
presence.
D.
Feeling
envious
of
someone\
perfect
life
online
should
be
encouraged.
【答案】DBDC
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了当今大家的朋友圈都只发自己好的一面，人们没必要羡慕别人朋友圈的生活，因为这些朋友圈都是刻意完美化的。
12.推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,
despite
the
perfect
content
of
her
Wechat，I
learned
through
a
conversation
with
this
girl
that
it
was
all
carefully
handled.
(然而，尽管她的朋友圈很完美，但我通过与这个女孩的交谈得知，这一切都是经过精心效处理的)”以及
“When
she
was
sad
or
upset,
there
was
no
indication
of
these
emotions
on
her
Instagram.
(当她伤心或难过时，她的Instagram没有这些情绪的证据)”可知，Jenny真实生活里有喜也有悲，是平平淡淡普通的生活。故选D。
13.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Look
through
your
Instagram
—
I
bet
that
you
don't
post
pictures
where
you
don't
feel
camera-ready.
On
Instagram,
we
always
show
our
“good
side”.(看看你的Instagram——我打赌你不会在感觉不适合拍照的地方发照片。在Instagram上，我们总是展示我们“好的一面”)”可知，作者认为人们在网上都把自己糟糕的一面隐藏了。故选B。
14.细节理解题。根据最后—段中“However,
when
it
comes
to
feeling
envious
of
someone
else's
Instagram
posts,
remember
that
just
like
you,
they're
showing
their
good
side.
(但是当要羡慕别人的Instagram时，请记住，就像你—样，他们也只表现出了自己的好—面)”可知，作者认为我们没必要羡慕别人在网上表现出来的样子。故选D。
15.细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“There's
absolutely
nothing
wrong
with
making
your
online
presence
perfect-everyone'
does
it
in
some
way
or
another(让你的网络形象完美绝对没有错，每个人都会以某种方式做到这一点).”可知，作者认为在网上表现完美是没有错的，是自然的。故选C。
第二节
七选五
(共
5
小题；每小题
2.5
分，满分
12.5
分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
Flynn
Effect
The
Flynn
effect，
first
described
in
the
1980sby
researcher
James
Flynn，
refers
to
the
finding
that
scores
on
IQ
tests
have
increased
in
the
past
century.
One
research
paper，
published
by
psychologist
Lisa
Trahan
and
her
colleagues，
combined
the
results
of
other
published
studies
and
found
that
IQ
scores
have
indeed
increased
since
the
1950s.___16___Trahan
and
her
colleagues
observed，
“The
existence
of
the
Flynn
effect
is
rarely
disputed.”
____17____One
explanation
has
to
do
with
improvements
in
health
and
nutrition.
For
example，
the
past
century
has
seen
a
decrease
in
smoking
and
alcohol
use
in
pregnancy，
improvements
in
the
prevention
and
treatment
of
infectious
diseases，
and
improvements
in
nutrition.
As
Scott
Barry
Kaufman
writes
for
Psychology
Today，
“The
Flynn
effect
serves
as
a
reminder
that
when
we
give
people
more
opportunities
to
prosper，
more
people
do
prosper.”
____18____In
a
TED
talk，
Flynn
explains
that
the
world
today
is
“a
world
where
we've
had
to
develop
new
mental
habits，
new
habits
of
mind.”
Flynn
has
found
that
IQ
scores
have
increased
the
most
rapidly
on
questions
that
ask
us
to
find
similarities
between
different
things，
and
more
abstract
types
of
problem
solving，
both
of
which
are
things
that
we
need
to
do
more
of
in
the
modem
world.
Several
ideas
have
been
brought
up
to
explain
why
modern
society
might
lead
to
higher
scores
on
IQ
tests.
For
example，
today，
many
more
of
us
have
demanding，
intellectually
rigorous
jobs.
Schools
have
also
changed：whereas
a
test
at
school
in
the
early
1900s
might
have
been
more
focused
on
memorization，
a
recent
test
might
be
more
likely
to
focus
on
explaining
the
reasons
for
something.____19____Family
sizes
tend
to
be
smaller，
and
it
has
been
suggested
that
this
may
allow
children
to
pick
up
on
new
vocabulary
words
while
interacting
with
their
parents.
I's
even
been
suggested
that
the
entertainment
we
consume
is
more
complex
today.
____20____
Therefore，
both
the
education
we
receive
and
the
society
we
live
in
shape
our
IQ
in
a
way
that
we
cannot
imagine.
A.
In
other
words，
there
is
a
lot
about
IQ
that
we
may
not
know
yet.
B.
Another
explanation
for
the
Flynn
effect
has
to
do
with
societal
changes
C.
Researchers
have
put
forward
several
theories
to
explain
the
Flynn
effect.
D.
Trying
to
understand
and
anticipate
plot
points
may
actually
be
making
us
smarter.
E.
Although
there
have
been
exceptions，
IQ
scores
have
generally
increased
over
time.
F.
Additionally，
more
people
today
are
likely
to
finish
high
school
and
go
on
to
college.
G.
The
Flynn
effect
shows
that
human
mind
is
more
adaptable
than
we
might
have
thought.
【答案】16.
E
17.
C
18.
B
19.
F
20.
D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了弗林效应的定义以及人们的智商测试分数不断提高的原因。
16.根据后文“Trahan
and
her
colleagues
observed，
“The
existence
of
the
Flynn
effect
is
rarely
disputed.”（特拉汉和她的同事观察到，“弗林效应的存在很少有争议。”）说明尽管也有些例外，但总体智商是提高的。E选项“Although
there
have
been
exceptions，
IQ
scores
have
generally
increased
over
time.”（虽然也有例外，但智商分数通常会随着时间的推移而提高。）符合题意，故选E项。
17.根据后文“One
explanation
has
to
do
with
improvements
in
health
and
nutrition.（一种解释与健康和营养的改善有关。）”可知，本段是解释弗林效应的。C选项“Researchers
have
put
forward
several
theories
to
explain
the
Flynn
effect.”（研究人员提出了几种理论来解释弗林效应。）符合题意，故选C项。
18.根据前一段“One
explanation
has
to
do
with
improvements
in
health
and
nutrition.（一种解释与健康和营养的改善有关。）”可知，本段是另一种解释弗林效应的理论。B选项“Another
explanation
for
the
Flynn
effect
has
to
do
with
societal
changes”（弗林效应的另一种解释与社会变化有关）符合题意，故选B项。
19.根据前文“Several
ideas
have
been
brought
up
to
explain
why
modern
society
might
lead
to
higher
scores
on
IQ
tests.（人们提出了一些观点来解释为什么现代社会可能会导致智商测试的高分。）”可知，本段是解释人们智商高的原因。F选项“Additionally，
more
people
today
are
likely
to
finish
high
school
and
go
on
to
college（此外，更多的人今天可能完成高中和继续大学）”符合题意，故选F项。
20.根据前文“I's
even
been
suggested
that
the
entertainment
we
consume
is
more
complex
today.（甚至有人建议说，我们今天消费的娱乐更加复杂。）”可知，如今娱乐也可以提高我们的智商。D选项“Trying
to
understand
and
anticipate
plot
points
may
actually
be
making
us
smarter.”（试图理解和预测情节点实际上可能会让我们更聪明。）符合题意，故选D项。
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My
mother
is
92.
Unless
I
have
to
be
out
of
town,
each
week
I
take
my
mother
to
do
her
___21___
and
visit
the
doctor,
providing
___22___
and
transportation.
During
the
week,
however,
she
likes
to
go
to
a
nearby
store
to
___23___
some
small
things
she
needs.
Last
week
she
walked
up
to
the
store,
but
when
she
went
to
pay
for
her
groceries,
she
was
___24___
about
three
dollars.
The
only
___25___
to
pay
for
the
groceries
was
to
take
off
the
___26___
she
could
do
without:
a
bottle
of
rubbing
alcohol（医用酒精）and
a
bar
of
soup.
By
taking
of
these,
she
was
able
to
___27___
the
new
total
to
the
amount
of
cash
she
had
with
her.
At
this
store,
people
___28___
and
then
go
off
to
the
side
to
___29___
their
own
groceries.
My
mother
was
putting
her
groceries
into
shopping
bags
when
a
___30___
came
up
to
her
and
said,
"Here
are
the
things
that
you
___31___
."
handing
her
the
rubbing
alcohol
and
the
___32___
.
My
mother,
who
is
never
speechless,
was
speechless.
She
___33___
for
the
woman's
name
and
address
so
that
she
could
___34__
her.
The
woman
told
her
it
was
her
___35___
.
My
mother
was
so
___36___
by
her
gesture
that
she
decided
to
go
back
to
the
store
and
give
the
cashier（收银员）a
five-dollar
bill
to
keep
on
hand
___37___
the
same
happened
to
someone
else
if
they
didn't
have
enough
___38___
for
all
of
their
groceries.
So,
whoever
you
are,
thank
you
for
the
random
act
of
___39___
that
not
only
helped
my
mother
out,
but
___40___
too.
21.
A.
exercise
B.
housework
C.
cooking
D.
shopping
22.
A.
reward
B.
medicine
C.
company
D.
shelter
23.
A.
return
B.
collet
C.
order
D.
buy
24.
A.
shot
B.
cautious
C.
wrong
D.
concerned
25.
A.
aim
B.
way
C.
advice
D.
reason
26.
A.
weight
B.
things
C.
mask
D.
glasses
27.
A.
raise
B.
add
C.
bring
D.
switch
28.
A.
show
up
B.
call
in
C.
check
out
D.
sit
down
29.
A.
store
B.
select
C.
deliver
D.
bag
30.
A.
stranger
B.
cashier
C.
friend
D.
doctor
31.
A.
looked
for
B.
talked
about
C.
threw
away
D.
put
back
32.
A.
receipt
B.
soap
C.
cash
D.
bottle
33.
A.
asked
B.
waited
C.
cared
D.
searched
34.
A.
repay
B.
trust
C.
recognize
D.
help
35.
A.
luck
B.
chance
C.
gift
D.
turn
36.
A.
surprised
B.
amused
C.
touched
D.
convinced
37.
A.
in
case
B.
even
if
C.
as
though
D.
so
that
38.
A.
energy
B.
money
C.
space
D.
time
39.
A.
faith
B.
courage
C.
kindness
D.
honor
40.
A.
made
her
day
B.
changed
her
mind
C.
caught
her
eye
D.
met
her
demand
【答案】
21.
D
22.
C
23.
D
24.
A
25.
B
26.
B
27.
C
28.
C
29.
D
30.
A
31.
D
32.
B
33.
A
34.
A
35.
C
36.
C
37.
A
38.
B
39.
C
40.
A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在商店购物时，作者的母亲带的钱不够，不得不将一些东西又放回去。一位陌生女人为作者母亲买下了这些东西。陌生人的行为感动了作者的母亲，她决定将这份善意传递下去。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我带母亲去购物，看医生。exercise锻炼；housework家务活；cooking烹饪；shopping购物。根据上文中的“My
mother
is
92”和下一句中的“go
to
a
nearby
store”可知，作者母亲年纪大，每周作者带着母亲去“购物”。故选D。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周，我都带母亲去购物，看医生，提供陪伴和交通工具。reward报酬，酬谢；medicine药；company陪伴；shelter遮蔽，庇护。根据前文“My
mother
is
92…I
take
my
mother
to
do
her
shopping
and
visit
the
doctor”可知，作者“陪同”上了年纪的母亲去购物，看医生。故选C。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在这一周里，母亲喜欢去附近的一个商店买她需要的一些小东西。return返回；collect收集；order订购；buy买。根据下文中的“small
things
she
needs”可知，作者母亲去一家附近的商店去“买”她所需要的一些小东西。故选D。
24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当她去付款的时候，她缺了大约3美元。short缺少的；cautious谨慎的；wrong错误的；concerned关心的。根据下文中的“The
only
way
to
pay
for
the
groceries
was
to
take
off
the
39
she
could
do
without…”可知，作者的母亲想要支付这些东西的唯一方式就是把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。由此推知，作者的母亲带的现金不够。故选A。
25.考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。aim目标；way方法，方式；advice建议；reason原因。结合上题解析可知，作者的母亲带的现金不够，所以把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下是她能够支付这些东西的唯一“方式”。故选B。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：支付这些东西的唯一“方式”把可以不买的医用酒精和肥皂放下。weight重量；things东西；mask口罩；glasses眼镜。根据下文中的“a
bottle
of
rubbing
alcohol
and
a
bar
of
soap”可知，医用酒精和肥皂是作者母亲暂时可以不买的“东西”。故选B。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过拿掉这些东西，她最终能够使现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额范围。raise提高；add添加；bring使……处于某种状况，使……到某地；switch转变。根据上文可知，母亲拿掉了一些东西才能够使得现在的商品总值达到了她所带的现金金额。bring
sth.
to
sth.表示“使……处于某种状况”，符合语境。该处指“使商品总值达到母亲所带金额范围之内”。故选C。
28.考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。show
up出现，露面；call
in叫……来，拜访；check
out结账离开；sit
down坐下。根据空后的“then
go
off
to
the
side”可知，在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去。故选C。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这家商店里，人们先结账，然后到一边去把他们买的东西装到袋子里。store贮藏；select挑选；deliver递送；bag把……装进袋子。根据下一句中的“putting
her
groceries
into
shopping
bags”可知，在这间店里，人们结完账之后，然后走到一边，将所购之物装进购物袋。故选D。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲正在把买的东西放进袋子里，这时候突然一个陌生人走过来，说……。stranger陌生人；cashier收银员；friend朋友；doctor医生。根据下文中的“She
___
for
the
woman’s
name
and
address”可知，这个女人对作者的母亲而言是个陌生人，所以作者母亲要她的姓名和地址。故选A。
31.考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是你放回去的东西。look
for寻找；talk
about谈论；throw
away扔掉；put
back放回。根据上一段的“…take
off
the
___
she
could
do
without：a
bottle
of
rubbing
alcohol
and
a
bar
of
soap.
By
taking
off
these…”可知，由于缺大约3美元，作者母亲将医用酒精和肥皂拿出来，放回到货架上。故选D。
32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：…递给她医用酒精和肥皂。receipt收据；soap肥皂；cash现金；bottle瓶子。根据上文中的“…take
off
the
41
she
could
do
without：a
bottle
of
rubbing
alcohol
and
a
bar
of
soap.
By
taking
off
these…”可知，作者母亲放回去的有医用酒精和一块肥皂。现在陌生人帮作者母亲又把这些东西买了下来。故选B。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址。ask询问；wait等待；care在乎；search搜索。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲想要对方的姓名和住址以便报答对方的帮助。故选A。
34.
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她要这个女人的姓名和地址以便她可以报答她。repay报答；trust信任；recognize认出；help帮助。根据上文可知，陌生女人帮助了作者母亲，所以作者母亲询问对方的姓名和住址，这样就可以报答对方了。故选A。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个女人告诉她这是她的礼物。luck运气；chance机会；gift礼物；turn（依次轮到的）机会。根据下一句中的“She
was
so
___
by
her
gesture
that
…”可知，这个女人并没有告诉作者母亲她的姓名地址，并不期望作者母亲的报答。所以这是她给母亲的“礼物”。故选C。
36.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的母亲如此感动以至于她决定回到那家商店给收银员5美元的钞票。surprised惊讶的；amused被逗乐的；touched受到触动的，感动的；convinced相信的。陌生女人的无私帮助感动了母亲。故选C。
37.考查短语辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。in
case以防，万一；even
if即使；as
though尽管；so
that以便，结果……。如果其他人遇到没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西时，母亲的五美元钞票可以提供一些帮助。所以母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，就是以防同样情况的发生。故选A。
38.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她决定回到商店，给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防同样的事情（即：没有足够的钱支付所购买的东西）发生在其他人身上。energy能量，精力；money钱；space地方，空间；time时间。根据上文中的“a
five-dollar
bill”可知，作者母亲给收银员一张5美元的钞票，以防有人没有足够的“钱”来支付他们所购买的东西。故选B。
39.考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管你是谁，都要谢谢你善意的行为。faith信任，信念；courage勇气；kindness善良；honor荣誉。陌生女人帮助母亲，这是一种“善意的”行为。故选C。
40.考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢谢你善意的行为，这种行为不经帮助了我的母亲，而且使她很开心。make
one’s
day使某人开心；change
one’s
mind改变主意；catch
one’s
eye吸引某人的注意力；meet
one’s
demand满足某人的要求。得到帮助，作者母亲心情愉悦，十分开心。故选A。
第II卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It
seems
that
people
in
western
countries
are
becoming
increasingly___41___(worry)
about
the
side
effects
of
drugs,
and
are
turning
to
various
___42___
(treatment)
such
as
yoga,
reflexology
and
acupuncture
(针灸)
to
complement,
or
sometimes
even
replace,
western
medicine.
___43___event
in
my
life
three
or
four
years
ago
made
me
examine
my
own
attitudes
towards
alternative
medicine.
After
___44___
(suffer)
from
insomnia
(失眠)
for
a
few
months,
I
was
feeling
mentally
and
physically
exhausted.
My
friend
Tony,
who___45___
(study)
acupuncture
at
a
college
near
London
at
the
time,
suggested
that
I
visit
an
acupuncturist.
Since
I
had
a
fear
of
needles,
I
was
___46___(willing)
to
take
his
advice.
But
by
this
time
I
was
so
tired
that
I
was
prepared
to
try
almost
anything.
I
made
an
___47___(appoint)
with
the
acupuncturist
in
my
area
and
turned
up
at
his
room
the
following
morning.
After
taking
my
pulse,
looking
at
my
tongue,
and
asking
a
few
questions
___48___my
diet
and
lifestyle,
the
acupuncturist
correctly
reasoned
that
I
was
worn-out.
I
found
this
extremely
impressive
since
he
hadn't
asked
me
___49___
I
had
come
to
see
him.
He
then
inserted
a
needle
in
my
right
foot
between
my
first
and
second
toe,
and,
despite
my
anxiety,
I
fell
asleep
___50___
(immediate).
At
the
time
I
considered
the
whole
experience
to
be
close
to
a
miracle.
【答案】
41.
worried
42.
treatments
43.
An
44.
suffering
45.
was
studying
46.
unwilling
47.
appointment
48.
about
49.
why
50.
immediately
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的一次针灸经历，让作者审视了自己对替代医学的态度。
41.考查非谓语动词。句意：西方国家的人们似乎越来越担心药物的副作用，并开始寻求瑜伽、反射学和针灸等各种疗法来补充，有时甚至取代西医。此处是指人们担心药物的副作用，应用过去分词worried表示“担心的”。故填worried。
42.考查名词复数。句意：西方国家的人们似乎越来越担心药物的副作用，并开始寻求瑜伽、反射学和针灸等各种疗法来补充，有时甚至取代西医。treatment意为“疗法”，为可数名词，在various后应用复数形式。故填treatments。
43.考查不定冠词。句意：三四年前的一件事让我审视了自己对替代医学的态度。此处是第一次提及event，所以应用泛指。event的开头发音为元音音素，所以应用an。故填An。
44.考查非谓语动词。句意：在遭受了几个月的失眠后，我感到身心疲惫。在介词after后应用动名词作宾语。故填suffering。
45.考查动词时态。句意：我的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所大学学习针灸，他建议我去看一名针灸师。根据at
the
time可知，此处应用过去进行时。故填was
studying。
46.考查形容词反义词。句意：因为我害怕打针，所以我不愿意接受他的建议。根据“Since
I
had
a
fear
of
needles”可知，“我”不愿意接受他的建议。应用willing的反义词unwilling表示“不愿意的”。故填unwilling。
47.考查名词。句意：我预约了我所在地区的针灸师，第二天早上去了他的房间。在冠词an后应用名词。make
an
appointment意为“预约”。故填appointment。
48.考查介词。句意：针灸医生量了量我的脉搏，看了看我的舌头，问了几个关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题，然后正确地推断出我疲惫不堪。此处是指关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题，应用介词about表示“关于”。故填about。
49.考查宾语从句。句意：我觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他还没有问过我为什么来见他。在宾语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据asked可知，此处是指询问“我”为什么来见他，所以应用连接副词why。故填why。
50.考查副词。句意：然后他在我右脚的第一个和第二个脚趾之间插了一根针，尽管我很焦虑，我还是马上睡着了。修饰动词fell，应用副词。故填immediately。
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节书面表达（满分15分）
51.假定你是晨光中学的学生李律，你正在某国外中学作交换生，该校的“外国文化”栏目近期将介绍中国传统文化，校报编辑Jenny给你写信，咨询你的意见。请你给Jenny写封回信，内容要点如下：
1.你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么?请说明理由；
2.我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化?
(至少两点)
3.词数不少于100.
【答案】Dear
Jenny,
I
am
pleased
to
receive
your
letter.
I'm
so
happy
that
the
"Foreign
Cultures"
section
in
our
newspaper
will
recommend
Chinese
traditional
culture.
There
is
no
doubt
that
Confucius
is
the
most
representative
symbol
of
Chinese
culture.
As
a
philosopher,
Confucius
not
only
represents
the
traditional
Chinese
culture,
but
has
been
influencing
us
Chinese
people
since
ancient
times.
Nowadays
we
can
find
lots
of
Confucius
institutes
around
the
world,
which
provides
precious
opportunities
for
the
foreigners
to
learn
about
Chinese
culture.
To
promote
Chinese
culture,
we
are
supposed
to
provide
various
cultural
exchange
activities.
What's
more,
establishing
Confucius
institutes
all
over
the
world
is
also
a
good
idea.
Meanwhile,
attracting
more
foreign
visitors
to
China
to
experience
Chinese
culture
will
have
a
far-reaching
impact.
I'll
be
glad
if
I
could
help
you,
Best
wishes.
Yours,
Li
Jin
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给所在某国外中学的校报编辑Jenny写封回信，介绍你对中国文化和推广方式的看法。
1.
词汇积累
栏目：column→section
古代：old
times→ancient
times
建立：build→establish
影响：influence→impact
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Meanwhile,
attracting
more
foreign
visitors
to
China
to
experience
Chinese
culture
will
have
a
far-reaching
impact.
拓展句：Meanwhile,
it
will
have
a
far-reaching
impact
if
more
foreign
visitors
are
attracted
to
China
to
experience
Chinese
culture.
[高分句型1]
Nowadays
we
can
find
lots
of
Confucius
institutes
around
the
world,
which
provides
precious
opportunities
for
the
foreigners
to
learn
about
Chinese
culture.
(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]
As
a
philosopher,
Confucius
not
only
represents
the
traditional
Chinese
culture,
but
has
been
influencing
us
Chinese
people
since
ancient
times.
(运用了not
only…
but
(also)…连接的并列句)
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
“Now,
parents
and
students
separate
into
two
groups.
You
will
be
reunited
at
the
end
of
the
campus
tour.
”
Groups
of
incoming
freshmen
happily
left
their
parents
upon
hearing
this
announcement.
I
was
less
than
thrilled
about
starting
college,
let
alone
leaving
my
mother's
side
to
tour
the
campus
with
other
freshmen；I
felt
a
little
anxious.
We
followed
the
senior
tour
guide.
The
other
freshmen
chatted
and
made
casual
introductions
as
I
dragged
behind.
How
could
I
have
believed
I
was
ready
for
this
？
After
all,
it
had
only
been
a
few
months
since
I
left
the
hospital.
I
was
feeling
better
for
the
first
time
in
years.
But
college.
.
.
？
My
thinking
was
interrupted
by
a
sweet
female
voice,
"Hi,
I'm
Jennifer.
"
"I'm
Lauren,
"I
replied.
"Where
do
you
prefer
to
live？
At
home
or
on
campus？
"she
smiled.
"I'm
not
sure,
"I
said.
"You
should
live
on
campus！It
will
be
a
lot
of
fun！
"she
said.
Before
I
could
reply,
the
tour
guide
announced
it
was
time
to
create
our
schedules
and
select
the
courses
we
wanted
to
take.
We
crowded
into
the
Student
Activity
Center.
Three
seniors
handed
out
thick
course
bulletins
（课程公告）and
forms
that
needed
to
be
filled
out.
All
around
me,
the
sounds
of
turning
papers
and
writing
sounded
like
those
given
by
an
alarm
clock.
Others
seemed
to
be
moving
through
the
process
quickly
but
I
hadn't
even
opened
my
course
catalog
（目
录）.
"Focus,
"I
told
myself.
"Just
read
through
the
catalog
and
find
the
courses
you
like
and
a
schedule
that
works.
"Psychology
A
or
B,
Geology
101,
English,
History,
sections
1,
2,
3.
.
.
The
list
went
on
and
on.
I
panicked
and
almost
started
to
cry.
How
was
I
supposed
to
know
how
to
complete
it？I
was
just
relearning
how
to
live
in
the
real
world,
and
they
wanted
me
to
make
a
schedule.
How
I
wished
someone
could
help
me.
Paragraph
1:
Soon,
other
freshmen
were
handing
in
their
forms.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
Then,
I
felt
a
warm
hand
on
my
shoulder.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________读后续写（One
possible
version）
Paragraph
1:
Soon,
other
freshmen
were
handing
in
their
forms.
Many
of
them
rushed
out
to
meet
their
parents.
I
couldn’t
breathe
and
was
feeling
anxious.
My
head
was
pounding.
Moments
later,
I
was
crying.
And
several
students
started
to
stare
at
me.
One
of
the
seniors
in
charge
walked
over
to
my
table.
“What’s
the
matter?”
she
asked
impatiently.
“I...
I
can’t
do
this!”
I
said.
“All
you
have
to
do
is
make
your
schedule,
just
like
everybody
else,”
she
said,
clearly
annoyed.
Paragraph
2:
Then,
I
felt
a
warm
hand
on
my
shoulder.
I
looked
back
and
found
Jennifer
standing
behind
me.
“Everything
is
alright,”
she
told
the
senior.
“I’ll
help
her.”
The
senior
walked
away.
“What’s
wrong,
sweetie?”
Jennifer
asked.
Hearing
Jennifer’s
kind
words,
I
cried
even
harder,
saying,
“It’s
just
too
much!”
Then
Jennifer
put
her
arm
around
me
and
said,
“Let
me
instruct
you.”
She
then
guided
me
through
the
process
step
by
step
until
I
completed
my
schedule.
Later,
when
saying
goodbye,
we
made
a
promise
to
keep
in
touch.
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，本文讲述了作者的大学校园之旅，作者对开始上大学一点也不兴奋，更不用说校园之旅了，作者开始感到焦虑；途中，作者认识了珍妮弗，还没来得及和她说很多话，校园导游宣布开始选课，作者惊慌失措，几乎哭了起来，她很希望有个人能帮助她。
【详解】
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：很快，其他新生都在交表格，本段应该描述作者的反应，作者感到焦虑，不知所措，一位年长的老师过来要求作者交表格，作者没有交出表格，那位老师很生气。第二段开头是：然后，我感到一只温暖的手放在我的肩膀上。本段应该描写詹妮弗帮助作者完成选课，作者和詹妮弗最后成了好友。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】
范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多高级句型，如：She
then
guided
me
through
the
process
step
by
step
until
I
completed
my
schedule.这句话运用了until引导的时间状语从句；本文也使用了一些固定词组，如rush
out
;
stare
at;
keep
in
touch等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。2021-2022学年人教版（2019）必修一：
Unit
2
Travelling
Around单元基础卷
时间：100分钟
分值：120分
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.
5分，满分37.
5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Harvard
Pre-College
Program
SESSION
I:
SESSION
II:
SESSION
III:
June
23
---
July
5,
2019
July
7
---
July
19,
2019
July
21
---
August
2,
2019
Our
summer
program
for
high
school
students
is
designed
to
pave
the
way
for
a
successful
college
experience.
HERE
YOU
CAN:
Learn
without
limits
Pursue
your
interests
in
courses
focusing
on
physics,
law,
writing,
philosophy,
and
a
dozen
other
subjects.
Live
at
Harvard
You
will
live
in
a
historic
undergraduate
house
near
Harvard
Square.
Your
plan
covers
three
meals
a
day,
seven
days
a
week.
Have
fun
outside
the
classroom
You
might
enjoy
a
Cirque
du
Sileil
performance,
a
Red
Sox
game
at
Fenway
Park,
or
a
trip
to
the
Museum
of
Science.
ELIGIBILITY
(申请资格)
Students
are
academically
motivated
and
will
graduate
in
2020
or
2021.
TO
APPLY
Complete
an
online
application
and
provide
the
following
materials:
the
$50
nonrefundable
application
fee;
transcripts
(成绩单)
with
fall
2018
grades;
signed
rules
and
regulations.
INTERNATIONAL
STUDENTS
Participants
should
apply
for
the
B-2
tourist
visa.
If
English
is
not
your
native
language,
submit
scores
from
the
TOEFLor
IELTS
language
proficiency
exam.
APPLICATION
TIPS
No
fee
is
required
to
start
your
application.
You
will
be
asked
to
pay
the
application
fee
only
upon
submitting
the
application.
The
scores
of
successful
applicants
are
typically
above
103
on
the
TOEFL
with
25
on
the
written
section
or
at
least
7.5
on
the
IELTS
with
7
on
the
written
section.
Use
a
desktop
or
laptop.
You
will
be
asked
to
write
short
essays
as
part
of
your
application.
This
may
be
challenging
to
do
on
a
mobile
phone.
You
will
receive
an
email
informing
you
of
the
application
status
approximately
three
weeks
after
you
have
completed
your
application.
1.
Harvard
organizes
such
a
program
to
______.
A.
reduce
students’
academic
pressure
B.
select
good
students
to
join
in
Harvard
C.
make
students
obtain
high
grades
in
their
study
D.
help
students
prepare
for
their
future
college
life
2.
What
can
we
learn
about
the
program?
A.
Students
are
offered
three
meals
except
weekends.
B.
It
merely
has
two
sessions
during
one
summer.
C.
It
provides
courses
on
various
subjects
for
students.
D.
Students
can
live
in
a
hotel
near
Harvard.
3.
If
you
are
a
native
student
who
wants
to
apply
for
the
program,
you
need
to
provide
______
A.
a
B-2
tourist
visa
B.
transcripts
with
your
fall
2018
grades
C.
scores
from
the
TOEFL
exam
D.
a
recommendation
letter
from
your
high
school
teacher
4.
The
applicants
can
learn
from
the
application
tips
that
______.
A.
their
TOEFL
or
IELTS
scores
should
meet
the
requirements
B.
the
application
fee
should
be
paid
before
they
start
applying
C.
it
is
convenient
to
use
any
electronic
products
to
apply
D.
they
can
check
the
application
status
in
a
week
B
I
saw
my
first
tree
today.
Dad
used
to
tell
me
stories
about
the
trees
that
still
existed
when
he
was
a
boy.
There
weren’t
very
many
even
then,
with
the
urbanization
program
in
full
swing.
The
O’Brien
home
was
one
of
the
few
examples
of
old-style
wooden
structures
that
hadn’t
been
destroyed
in
Boston’s
urban-renewal
campaign.
The
family
had
been
able
to
avoid
this
because
of
its
wealth
and
political
influence,
and
the
house
was
passed
on
through
generations
to
the
present.
Old
man
O’Brien
had
no
children,
so
when
he
died,
the
Urban
Center
bought
it.
Then
an
official
discovered
that
the
house
had
a
backyard-in
the
yard
was
a
live
tree!
When
the
news
of
the
tree’s
discovery
leaked
out
quite
a
few
sightseers
stopped
by
to
have
a
look
at
it,
and
the
local
government,
realizing
the
money-making
potential,
began
charging
admission
and
advertising
the
place.
By
now
it
had
become
a
favorite
spot
for
family
trips
like
ours.
Dad
paid
the
fee
and
we
walked
through
a
doorway
hidden
in
a
bookshelf
and
into
the
backyard.
I
just
couldn’t
help
noticing
the
tree!
It
was
located
at
one
end
of
the
yard,
with
a
fence
around
it
for
protection.
It
was
similar
in
form
to
the
plastic
trees
I’d
seen,
but
there
was
much
more.
You
could
see
details
more
delicate
than
in
any
artificially
made
plant.
And
it
was
alive.
But
best
of
all
was
the
smell-fresh,
living
smell,
unfamiliar
to
the
world
outside
with
metal,
plastic,
and
glass.
I
wanted
to
touch
the
bark,
but
the
fence
prevented
me
from
doing
so.
On
the
way
back,
I
read
through
the
brochures.
One
part
said
the
O’Brien
home
would
be
torn
down
next
year
to
make
room
for
some
insurance
building,
and
the
tree
will
have
to
go,
too.
I
just
sat
still,
fingering
the
object
in
my
pocket
that
I
had
picked
in
the
O’Brien’s
backyard.
I
think
it’s
called
an
acorn
(橡子).
5.
Why
could
the
tree
in
the
O’Brien’s
backyard
survive
till
today?
A.
It
possessed
some
special
characteristics.
B.
It
had
a
very
strong
fence
around
to
protect
it.
C.
It
was
preserved
together
with
the
house
by
its
owner.
D.
It
got
the
local
government’s
attention
as
a
tourist
attraction.
6.
How
might
the
author
feel
after
the
trip?
A.
Annoyed.
B.
Calm.
C.
Excited.
D.
Upset.
7.
Which
statement
best
shows
the
theme
of
the
passage?
A.
Social
progress
and
urbanization
come
at
a
cost.
B.
Social
progress
should
give
way
to
nature
protection.
C.
Humans
value
nature
protection
over
social
progress.
D.
Urbanization
has
more
advantages
than
disadvantages.
C
Thanks
to
its
harsh
environment,
Antarctica
remained
largely
untouched
by
humans
for
many
millennia,
allowing
a
thriving
ecosystem
to
evolve.
However,
since
the
1990s,
the
last
true
wilderness
on
the
planet
is
becoming
an
increasingly
popular
destination
for
adventure-seeking
tourists.
Now,
a
new
study
declares
that
the
visitors
may
be
leaving
behind
harmful
bacteria
which
could
devastate
the
area's
native
bird
population.
Humans
can
infect
animals
with
illnesses
such
as
the
flu.
Researchers,
however,
believed
that
the
Antarctic
animals
were
immune
to
the
danger
due
to
the
continent's
extreme
weather.
However,
microbiologist
Marta
Cerda-Cuellar
was
not
convinced.
She
and
some
colleagues
decided
to
examine
waste
samples
from
Antarctic
birds
for
evidence
of
human
bacteria.
To
ensure
the
waste
was
not
polluted,
the
scientists
had
to
collect
it
from
the
birds
themselves.
The
results
of
their
study
revealed
the
presence
of
several
types
of
human
bacteria
in
the
bird
waste.
This
included
a
common
strain
(品种)
of
bacteria
that
causes
food
poisoning
in
humans.
The
researchers
say
the
bacteria
strains
were
resistant
to
commonly-used
human
antibiotics,
indicating
they
were
brought
in
by
the
visitors,
rather
than
migratory
birds
(候鸟).
“These
strains,
which
are
a
common
cause
for
infections
in
humans
and
livestock,
do
not
usually
cause
death
outbreaks
in
wild
animals,"
says
Gonzalez-Solis.
"However,
the
emerging
or
invasive
pathogens
(病原体)
that
arrive
to
highly
sensitive
populations
could
have
severe
consequences
and
cause
the
local
collapse
and
extinction
of
some
populations."
The
researcher
also
fears
the
presence
of
these
bugs
could
foreshadow
the
arrival
of
other,
more
deadly,
pathogens
as
the
number
of
tourists
people
increases.
Experts
believe
the
only
way
to
prevent
the
mass
destruction
of
the
birds
is
to
impose
stricter
regulations
or,
at
least,
put
the
ones
already
in
place
into
effect.
For
example,
while
the
Antarctica
Treaty
requires
visitors
to
carry
their
waste
back
home
to
safeguard
the
pristine
environment,
the
regulation
is
rarely
enforced.
Nowadays,
some
officials
are
taking
steps
to
save
the
vulnerable
birds
before
it's
too
late.
8.
What
problem
is
Antarctica
facing
according
to
Paragraph
1&2?
A.
The
increasing
number
of
tourists.
B.
The
worsening
wilderness.
C.
The
replaced
native
bird
population.
D.
The
spread
of
infectious
illnesses.
9.
What
docs
the
underlined
word
"devastate"
mean?
A.
Destroy.
B.
Increase.
C.
Protect.
D.
Benefit.
10.
Why
did
the
scientists
need
to
catch
some
Antarctic
animals?
A.
To
treat
their
illness.
B.
To
get
their
waste.
C.
To
raise
them
as
pets.
D.
To
study
their
lifestyles.
11.
What
did
the
scientists
prove
in
their
study?
A.
Bacteria
can
be
killed
by
human
antibiotics.
B.
Extreme
weather
keeps
Antarctic
animals
healthy.
C.
Humans
bring
bacteria
to
Antarctica.
D.
Antarctic
animals
are
immune
to
human
bacteria.
D
Recently,
I
was
talking
with
a
friend
of
mine
about
a
mutual
(有相同关系的)
friend
of
ours.
"I
wish
I
could
be
like
Jenny.
She
always
seems
so
happy.
I'm
mot
joking;
I
honestly
think
she
has
the
perfect
life,"
said
my
friend.
If
you
were
to
look
at
the
Instagram
account
of
Jenny,
you
would
indeed
see
what
looks
like
the
perfect
life.
However,
despite
the
enviable
content
of
her
Instagram,
I
learned
through
conversations
with
this
girl
that
it
was.
all
carefully
handled.
Everything
was
put
together
to
maintain
the
public
image
that
she
was
a
happy-go-lucky,
carefree
(无忧无虑的)
girl.
When
she
was
sad
or
upset,
there
was
no
indication
of
these
emotions
on
her
Instagram.
In
fact,
we
all
choose
our
online
media
presence.
Look
through
your
Instagram
—
I
bet
that
you
don't
post
pictures
where
you
don't
feel
camera-ready.
On
Instagram,
we
always
show
our
“good
side”.
Think
about
it.
Would
you
rather
post
“I
tried
so
hard
but
I
ended
up
failing
my
test55
or
“I
treated
myself
to
a
hot
coffee
after
studying
hard
all
week”?
We
all
want
to
present
the
best
parts
of
our
lives,
to
show
what's
going
well,
and
what
we're
proud
of.
We
take
photos
of
the
nice
things
we
own,
or
of
any
sorts
of
events
considered
“special”,
such
as
invite-only
or
formal
parties.
We
post
photos
of
the
good
times
rather
than
the
bad
times.
No
matter
what
happens,
we
try
to
make
our
online
image
perfect.
There's
absolutely
nothing
wrong
with
making
your
online
presence
perfect-everyone'
does
it
in
some
way
or
another.
However,
when
it
comes
to
feeling
envious
of
someone
else's
Instagram
posts,
remember
that
just
like
you,
they're
showing
their
good
side.
12.
What's
Jenny's
life
like
indeed?
A.
Her
life
is
always
full
of
sadness.
B.
Her
life
is
boring
and
meaningless.
C.
She
lives
a
perfect
and
meaningful
life.
D.
She
lives
an
ordinary
life
just
like
others'.
13.
What
does
the
author
consider
common?
A.
That
people
love
reading
posts
online.
B.
That
people
hide
their
bad
side
online.
C.
That
people
want
to
please
others
online.
D.
That
people
dream
of
living
a
perfect
life.
14.
Which
of
the
following
statements
would
the
author
agree
with?
A.
We
should
stop
reading
online
stories.
B.
We
should
always
show
our
good
side.
C.
We
shouldn't
perfect
our
online
image.
D.
We
shouldn't
envy
others'
online
presence.
15.
What
does
the
author
think
of
the
make-up
perfect
life
online?
A.
There
is
nothing
wrong
to
cheat
people
online.
B.
Showing
good
side
online
is
quite
vital
in
daily
life.
C.
It
is
rather
natural
for
people
to
make
perfect
online
presence.
D.
Feeling
envious
of
someone\
perfect
life
online
should
be
encouraged.
第二节
七选五
(共
5
小题；每小题
2.5
分，满分
12.5
分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The
Flynn
Effect
The
Flynn
effect，
first
described
in
the
1980sby
researcher
James
Flynn，
refers
to
the
finding
that
scores
on
IQ
tests
have
increased
in
the
past
century.
One
research
paper，
published
by
psychologist
Lisa
Trahan
and
her
colleagues，
combined
the
results
of
other
published
studies
and
found
that
IQ
scores
have
indeed
increased
since
the
1950s.___16___Trahan
and
her
colleagues
observed，
“The
existence
of
the
Flynn
effect
is
rarely
disputed.”
____17____One
explanation
has
to
do
with
improvements
in
health
and
nutrition.
For
example，
the
past
century
has
seen
a
decrease
in
smoking
and
alcohol
use
in
pregnancy，
improvements
in
the
prevention
and
treatment
of
infectious
diseases，
and
improvements
in
nutrition.
As
Scott
Barry
Kaufman
writes
for
Psychology
Today，
“The
Flynn
effect
serves
as
a
reminder
that
when
we
give
people
more
opportunities
to
prosper，
more
people
do
prosper.”
____18____In
a
TED
talk，
Flynn
explains
that
the
world
today
is
“a
world
where
we've
had
to
develop
new
mental
habits，
new
habits
of
mind.”
Flynn
has
found
that
IQ
scores
have
increased
the
most
rapidly
on
questions
that
ask
us
to
find
similarities
between
different
things，
and
more
abstract
types
of
problem
solving，
both
of
which
are
things
that
we
need
to
do
more
of
in
the
modem
world.
Several
ideas
have
been
brought
up
to
explain
why
modern
society
might
lead
to
higher
scores
on
IQ
tests.
For
example，
today，
many
more
of
us
have
demanding，
intellectually
rigorous
jobs.
Schools
have
also
changed：whereas
a
test
at
school
in
the
early
1900s
might
have
been
more
focused
on
memorization，
a
recent
test
might
be
more
likely
to
focus
on
explaining
the
reasons
for
something.____19____Family
sizes
tend
to
be
smaller，
and
it
has
been
suggested
that
this
may
allow
children
to
pick
up
on
new
vocabulary
words
while
interacting
with
their
parents.
I's
even
been
suggested
that
the
entertainment
we
consume
is
more
complex
today.
____20____
Therefore，
both
the
education
we
receive
and
the
society
we
live
in
shape
our
IQ
in
a
way
that
we
cannot
imagine.
A.
In
other
words，
there
is
a
lot
about
IQ
that
we
may
not
know
yet.
B.
Another
explanation
for
the
Flynn
effect
has
to
do
with
societal
changes
C.
Researchers
have
put
forward
several
theories
to
explain
the
Flynn
effect.
D.
Trying
to
understand
and
anticipate
plot
points
may
actually
be
making
us
smarter.
E.
Although
there
have
been
exceptions，
IQ
scores
have
generally
increased
over
time.
F.
Additionally，
more
people
today
are
likely
to
finish
high
school
and
go
on
to
college.
G.
The
Flynn
effect
shows
that
human
mind
is
more
adaptable
than
we
might
have
thought.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My
mother
is
92.
Unless
I
have
to
be
out
of
town,
each
week
I
take
my
mother
to
do
her
___21___
and
visit
the
doctor,
providing
___22___
and
transportation.
During
the
week,
however,
she
likes
to
go
to
a
nearby
store
to
___23___
some
small
things
she
needs.
Last
week
she
walked
up
to
the
store,
but
when
she
went
to
pay
for
her
groceries,
she
was
___24___
about
three
dollars.
The
only
___25___
to
pay
for
the
groceries
was
to
take
off
the
___26___
she
could
do
without:
a
bottle
of
rubbing
alcohol（医用酒精）and
a
bar
of
soup.
By
taking
of
these,
she
was
able
to
___27___
the
new
total
to
the
amount
of
cash
she
had
with
her.
At
this
store,
people
___28___
and
then
go
off
to
the
side
to
___29___
their
own
groceries.
My
mother
was
putting
her
groceries
into
shopping
bags
when
a
___30___
came
up
to
her
and
said,
"Here
are
the
things
that
you
___31___
."
handing
her
the
rubbing
alcohol
and
the
___32___
.
My
mother,
who
is
never
speechless,
was
speechless.
She
___33___
for
the
woman's
name
and
address
so
that
she
could
___34__
her.
The
woman
told
her
it
was
her
___35___
.
My
mother
was
so
___36___
by
her
gesture
that
she
decided
to
go
back
to
the
store
and
give
the
cashier（收银员）a
five-dollar
bill
to
keep
on
hand
___37___
the
same
happened
to
someone
else
if
they
didn't
have
enough
___38___
for
all
of
their
groceries.
So,
whoever
you
are,
thank
you
for
the
random
act
of
___39___
that
not
only
helped
my
mother
out,
but
___40___
too.
21.
A.
exercise
B.
housework
C.
cooking
D.
shopping
22.
A.
reward
B.
medicine
C.
company
D.
shelter
23.
A.
return
B.
collet
C.
order
D.
buy
24.
A.
shot
B.
cautious
C.
wrong
D.
concerned
25.
A.
aim
B.
way
C.
advice
D.
reason
26.
A.
weight
B.
things
C.
mask
D.
glasses
27.
A.
raise
B.
add
C.
bring
D.
switch
28.
A.
show
up
B.
call
in
C.
check
out
D.
sit
down
29.
A.
store
B.
select
C.
deliver
D.
bag
30.
A.
stranger
B.
cashier
C.
friend
D.
doctor
31.
A.
looked
for
B.
talked
about
C.
threw
away
D.
put
back
32.
A.
receipt
B.
soap
C.
cash
D.
bottle
33.
A.
asked
B.
waited
C.
cared
D.
searched
34.
A.
repay
B.
trust
C.
recognize
D.
help
35.
A.
luck
B.
chance
C.
gift
D.
turn
36.
A.
surprised
B.
amused
C.
touched
D.
convinced
37.
A.
in
case
B.
even
if
C.
as
though
D.
so
that
38.
A.
energy
B.
money
C.
space
D.
time
39.
A.
faith
B.
courage
C.
kindness
D.
honor
40.
A.
made
her
day
B.
changed
her
mind
C.
caught
her
eye
D.
met
her
demand
第二II卷（非选择题）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It
seems
that
people
in
western
countries
are
becoming
increasingly___41___(worry)
about
the
side
effects
of
drugs,
and
are
turning
to
various
___42___
(treatment)
such
as
yoga,
reflexology
and
acupuncture
(针灸)
to
complement,
or
sometimes
even
replace,
western
medicine.
___43___event
in
my
life
three
or
four
years
ago
made
me
examine
my
own
attitudes
towards
alternative
medicine.
After
___44___
(suffer)
from
insomnia
(失眠)
for
a
few
months,
I
was
feeling
mentally
and
physically
exhausted.
My
friend
Tony,
who___45___
(study)
acupuncture
at
a
college
near
London
at
the
time,
suggested
that
I
visit
an
acupuncturist.
Since
I
had
a
fear
of
needles,
I
was
___46___(willing)
to
take
his
advice.
But
by
this
time
I
was
so
tired
that
I
was
prepared
to
try
almost
anything.
I
made
an
___47___(appoint)
with
the
acupuncturist
in
my
area
and
turned
up
at
his
room
the
following
morning.
After
taking
my
pulse,
looking
at
my
tongue,
and
asking
a
few
questions
___48___my
diet
and
lifestyle,
the
acupuncturist
correctly
reasoned
that
I
was
worn-out.
I
found
this
extremely
impressive
since
he
hadn't
asked
me
___49___
I
had
come
to
see
him.
He
then
inserted
a
needle
in
my
right
foot
between
my
first
and
second
toe,
and,
despite
my
anxiety,
I
fell
asleep
___50___
(immediate).
At
the
time
I
considered
the
whole
experience
to
be
close
to
a
miracle.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节书面表达（满分15分）
51.假定你是晨光中学的学生李律，你正在某国外中学作交换生，该校的“外国文化”栏目近期将介绍中国传统文化，校报编辑Jenny给你写信，咨询你的意见。请你给Jenny写封回信，内容要点如下：
1.你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么?请说明理由；
2.我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化?
(至少两点)
3.词数不少于100.
第二节读后续写（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150左右。
“Now,
parents
and
students
separate
into
two
groups.
You
will
be
reunited
at
the
end
of
the
campus
tour.
”
Groups
of
incoming
freshmen
happily
left
their
parents
upon
hearing
this
announcement.
I
was
less
than
thrilled
about
starting
college,
let
alone
leaving
my
mother's
side
to
tour
the
campus
with
other
freshmen；I
felt
a
little
anxious.
We
followed
the
senior
tour
guide.
The
other
freshmen
chatted
and
made
casual
introductions
as
I
dragged
behind.
How
could
I
have
believed
I
was
ready
for
this
？
After
all,
it
had
only
been
a
few
months
since
I
left
the
hospital.
I
was
feeling
better
for
the
first
time
in
years.
But
college.
.
.
？
My
thinking
was
interrupted
by
a
sweet
female
voice,
"Hi,
I'm
Jennifer.
"
"I'm
Lauren,
"I
replied.
"Where
do
you
prefer
to
live？
At
home
or
on
campus？
"she
smiled.
"I'm
not
sure,
"I
said.
"You
should
live
on
campus！It
will
be
a
lot
of
fun！
"she
said.
Before
I
could
reply,
the
tour
guide
announced
it
was
time
to
create
our
schedules
and
select
the
courses
we
wanted
to
take.
We
crowded
into
the
Student
Activity
Center.
Three
seniors
handed
out
thick
course
bulletins
（课程公告）and
forms
that
needed
to
be
filled
out.
All
around
me,
the
sounds
of
turning
papers
and
writing
sounded
like
those
given
by
an
alarm
clock.
Others
seemed
to
be
moving
through
the
process
quickly
but
I
hadn't
even
opened
my
course
catalog
（目
录）.
"Focus,
"I
told
myself.
"Just
read
through
the
catalog
and
find
the
courses
you
like
and
a
schedule
that
works.
"Psychology
A
or
B,
Geology
101,
English,
History,
sections
1,
2,
3.
.
.
The
list
went
on
and
on.
I
panicked
and
almost
started
to
cry.
How
was
I
supposed
to
know
how
to
complete
it？I
was
just
relearning
how
to
live
in
the
real
world,
and
they
wanted
me
to
make
a
schedule.
How
I
wished
someone
could
help
me.
Paragraph
1:
Soon,
other
freshmen
were
handing
in
their
forms.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
Then,
I
felt
a
warm
hand
on
my
shoulder._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________