人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit 1 People of Achievement 单元语法及写作学案

Unit
1
People
of
Achievements非限制性定语从句及写作
语法归纳
区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式
与主句之间没有逗号
与主句之间有逗号隔开
先行词
名词或名词性词组
名词、名词性词组或整个主句
引导词
所有的关系代词和副词
除that和why之外的关系代词和副词
翻译
常翻译成前置定语
常翻译成并列分句
如：She
has
found
the
necklace
(that)
she
lost
two
weeks
aga.
她找到了两周前丢失的项链。
She
is
working
very
hard,
which
everyone
can
see.
她工作一直很努力，这是大家有目共睹的。
[温馨提示]：并非只有which才能引导非限制性定语从句，如先行词指人，可用who(主格)和whom(宾格)；所有格则用whose；先行词在定语从句中作时间或地点状语，则用when和where来引导。
用非限制性定语从句改写下列句子
Dr.
Rowan
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.
His
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
We
have
entered
into
an
age.
Dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true
in
the
age.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Self-driving
is
an
area.
China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line
in
the
area.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
In
1963
the
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Program,
and
one
of
its
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
collecting
stamps
is
a
meaningful
hobby,
helping
me
to
learn
more.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
III、单句填空
ome
people
always
talk
loudly
in
public,
______________is
really
annoying.
They
just
busied
themselves
in
playing
their
cellphones,
totally
ignoring
their
grandpa,
______
let
out
a
deep
sigh
and
left
the
party.
Mr.
Zhang,
__________
daughter
went
to
Tsinghua
University
last
year,
retired
yesterday.
I
failed
to
go
to
drama
school,
_____________
my
interest
lay.
5.
There
are
45
students
in
our
class,
_________
only
10
are
taking
an
optional
art
course.
6.
The
number
of
smokers,
__________
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
7.
Speaking
and
listening
are
of
vital
importance
for
language
learning,
by
_________
you’re
sure
to
make
great
progress.
8.
When
walking
down
the
street,
I
came
across
David,
__________
I
hadn’t
seen
for
years.
9.
We
put
off
the
picnic
in
the
park
until
next
week,
__________
the
weather
may
be
better.
10.
___________
is
known
to
all,
the
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success.
The
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success
___________
is
known
to
all.
IV、用非限制性定语从句翻译下列句子：
1.你们已经取得了很大的进步，这使你们的老师非常高兴。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
众所周知，2008奥运会很成功。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
感谢您的及时救助，否则，我就不会取得这么大成就。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.
这个新建的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对于我们来讲真的是一个安宁的地方，尤其是辛苦工作之后。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5.
我明天将去机场接我叔叔，他要从国外回来了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
V、定语从句语篇填空
There
was
a
time
1.
____________
I
was
tired
of
learning
English
and
disliked
speaking
English.
And
this
was
the
reason
2.__________
my
father
forced
me
to
join
in
a
30-day
training
in
an
English
club
before
I
went
to
senior
high
school.
When
I
first
came
to
the
club,
3.___________
I
met
many
strangers,
I
missed
my
parents
very
much.
So
I
packed
up
my
things
and
wanted
to
go
home.
Fortunately,
my
guide,
4.___________teacher
was
Yu
Minhong
communicated
with
me
face-to-face,
from
5.
__________
I
gained
some
useful
instructions.
He
also
introduced
a
good
partner
to
me,
and
we
got
along
well
with
each
other.
Gradually
I
adapted
to
the
life
there.
Every
day
I
would
talk
to
other
teenagers
and
set
down
a
series
of
activities
6.
___________we
did.
I
should
be
grateful
to
my
father
and
the
guide,
7.
____________encouraged
me
to
fall
in
love
with
English.
Now
I
feel
it
interesting
to
learn
English,
into
8.
___________I
put
my
entire
energy.
Every
day
I
read
my
words
and
passages
aloud.
In
class
I
join
in
English
discussions.
Before
I
go
to
sleep,
I
recall
the
passages,
through
9.___________I
can
memorize
a
large
number
of
new
words.
10.___________
our
English
teacher
says,
“As
long
as
you
from
the
habit
of
learning
English
every
day
and
have
perseverance,
you
will
master
English
sooner
or
later.”
VI、人物介绍类记叙文
本单元的中心话题是“有成就的人”。通过单元内容，我们需要熟悉人物介绍类记叙文的特征及要点，学会描述人物，学会运用介绍人物品质和个性的形容词，并能灵活运用非限制性定语从句已完成本单元的写作人物。
人物介绍一般采用“总—分—总”的形式。第一段开门见山，简要介绍人物身份及其成就；第二段介绍人物主要经历；第三段总结全文，达到首尾呼应，画龙点睛之效。
可借鉴词汇或表达：
1.
外貌：good-looking;
ordinary-looking;
odd-looking;
2.
品质或个性：committed;
determined,
considerate,
optimistic,
easy-going,
warm-hearted;
hard-working;
responsible;
patient;
generous;
3.
爱好：have
a
great
gift/talent
for/be
gifted/talented
in;
be
keen
on;
be
crazy
about;
4.
教育：graduated
form;
earned
a(an)…degree;
major
in;
go
abroad
for
further
study/to
further
one’s
study
5.
经历或成就：devote
oneself
to;
commit
oneself
to;
make
up
one’s
mind/determine
to
do
sth.;
overcome
many
difficulties;
spare
no
efforts
to
do/make
every
effort/make
great
efforts
to
do
sth.;
enjoy
widespread
popularity
win
fame;
make
great
contributions
to…
6.
其他：be
born
in/into;
set
a
good
example;
be
the
pride
of...,;
be
considered/recognized/seen/acknowledged
as…;
be
honored
as;
【主题示例】你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为例，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括；
人物简介；
受尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：1.
词数100左右。短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。
The
person
I
respect
There
are
many
respectable
people
around
us
___________________________________________________
词汇和短语：
1.
令人钦佩的____________________
2.
谦虚的________________
3.
谨慎的_______________
4.
对…做出巨大贡献______________________________
5.
对…产生影响_________________________
6.
做出巨大成就__________________________________
7.
成功做了某事_________________________
8.
向…学习____________________________________
9.
致力于
______________________________
使用高级句式翻译下面句子：
1.
在他们当中，我最尊敬的人是终南山，他因为对战胜病毒做出的巨大贡献已经家喻户晓。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2.
每次看到他在努力拯救人们的生命的照片时，我都禁不住被他感动。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3.
最让我印象深刻的是，84岁的他在新冠疫情爆发之初毫不犹豫地冲到了疫区的第一线。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4.
尽管很危险，但终南山和他的同事们日夜努力治疗感染新馆病毒的病人。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
他对工作和病人的奉献是令人钦佩的，这确实激励了我将来要成为一个像他这样的人。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit
1
非限制性定语从句及写作参考答案：
II.
1.
Dr.
Rowan,
whose
secretary
resigned
two
weeks
ago,
has
had
to
do
all
his
own
typing.
2.
We
have
entered
into
an
age,
in
which/when
dreams
have
the
best
chance
of
coming
true.
3.
Self-driving
is
an
area
in
which/where
China
and
the
rest
of
the
world
are
on
the
same
starting
line.
4.
In
1963
the
UN
set
up
the
World
Food
Program,
one
of
whose
purposes
is
to
relieve
worldwide
starvation.
As
far
as
I’m
concerned,
collecting
stamps
is
a
meaningful
hobby,
which
helps
me
to
learn
more.
III、1.
which
2.
who
3.
whose
4.where
5.
of
whom
6.
as
7.
which
8.
whom
9.
when
10.
As;
which
IV.
1.You
have
made
great
progress,
which
makes
your
teacher
very
happy.
2.
As
is
known
to
all,
the
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success.
=
The
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success,
which
is
known
to
all.
=It
is
known
to
all
that
the
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success.(主语从句)
=What
is
known
to
all(主语从句)
is
that
the
2008
Olympic
Games
were
a
great
success.(表语从句)
3..
Thanks
for
your
timely
help,
without
which,
I
wouldn’t
have
made
such
great
achievements.
4.
The
newly-built
café,
whose
walls/the
walls
of
which/of
which
the
walls
are
painted
light
green,
is
really
a
peaceful
place
for
us,
especially
after
hard
work.
5.
I’m
going
to
meet
my
uncle
tomorrow
at
the
airport,
when
he
will
be
back
from
abroad/who
will
be
back
form
abroad.
V、
1.when
2.why
3.
where
4.whose
5.which
6.that\which
7.who
8.
which
9.which
10.
As
词汇和短语：1.
admirable
2.
modest
3.
cautious
4.
make
great
contributions
to
5.
have
an
effect/impact
on
6.
make
great
achievements
(in)
7.
manage
to
do/succeed
in
doing
sth.
8.
learn
sth.
from
sb.
9.
devote…to/be
devoted
to/be
committed
to
主题示例：
1.
Among
them,
the
person
(who/that)
I
respect
most
is
Zhong
Nanshan,
who
has
become
a
household
name
for
his
great
contributions
to
defeating
viruses.(两个定语从句：第一个为限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，可以省略引导词；第二个从句为非限制性定语从句，who不能省略)
2.
Every
time
I
see
the
pictures,
in
which/where
he
is
fighting
to
save
people’s
lives,
I
can’t
help
being
moved
by
him.
(every
time+句子引导时间状语从句；in
which/where引导非限制性定语从句；can’t
help
doing表“禁不住做…)
3.
What
impresses
me
most
is
that
aged
84,
he
rushed
to
the
front
line
of
the
epidemic
area
without
hesitation
at
the
beginning
of
the
outbreak
of
COVID-19
epidemic.
(what
impresses
me
most引导主语从句，后面that引导表语从句)
4.
Dangerous
though/as
it
was,
Zhong
Nanshan
and
his
workmates
worked
hard
day
and
night
to
treat
the
patients
infected
with
COVID-19.
(Dangerous
though/as
it
was倒装句)
5.
His
dedication/devotion/commitment
to
work
and
to
people
is
admirable,
which
truly
inspires
me
to
become
a
man
like
him
in
the
future.(which引导非限制性定语从句)
【连句成文】
There
are
many
respectable
people
around
us.
Among
them,
the
person
I
respect
most
is
Zhong
Nanshan,
who
has
become
a
household
name
for
his
great
contributions
to
defeating
viruses.
Zhang
Nanshan,
a
medical
scientist,
is
a
leading
figure
in
the
battles
against
SARS
in
2003
and
COVID-19
in
2019,
winning
him
the
worldwide
respect.
Every
time
I
see
the
pictures,
where
he
is
fighting
to
save
people’s
lives,
I
can’t
help
being
moved
by
him.
What
impresses
me
most
is
that
aged
84,
he
rushed
to
the
front
line
of
the
epidemic
area
without
hesitation
at
the
beginning
of
the
outbreak
of
COVID-19
epidemic.
Dangerous
as
it
was,
Zhong
Nanshan
and
his
workmates
worked
hard
day
and
night
to
treat
the
patients
infected
with
COVID-19.
With
their
great
efforts,
remarkable
results
were
achieved
and
the
COVID-19
was
finally
under
control.
His
dedication/devotion/commitment
to
work
and
to
people
is
admirable,
which
truly
inspires
me
to
become
a
man
like
him
in
the
future.