牛津版（2019）选择性必修 第一册 Unit 2 The Universal Language Grammar课件 (78张)

(共78张PPT)
P20
A
Working
out
the
rules
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
be
used
as
the
subject
of
a
sentence.
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
also
be
used
as
the
object
of
a
(1)?______or
a
(2)?___________.
verb
Working
out
the
rules
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
be
used
as
the
subject
of
a
sentence.
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
also
be
used
as
the
object
of
a
(1)?______or
a
(2)?___________.
verb
preposition
Working
out
the
rules
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
be
used
as
the
subject
of
a
sentence.
?
The
verb-ing
form
can
also
be
used
as
the
object
of
a
(1)?______or
a
(2)?___________.
?Verb-ing形式作主语常用来表示经常性或习惯性的动作且通常放在句首。
?Verb-ing形式可以用作某些动词或介词的宾语。
Focus
on
重点关注
Verb-ing
forms
as
subjects
and
objects
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
Verb-ing形式作主语
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
Verb-ing形式作主语
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
Verb-ing形式作主语
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
和他们聊天增长我们的见识。
Verb-ing形式作主语
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
和他们聊天增长我们的见识。
Verb-ing形式作主语
1.直接置于句首
(1)Playing
tricks
on
others
is
something
we
should
never
do.
捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的。
(2)Learning
new
words
is
very
important
for
me.
学习新单词对我来说非常重要。
(3)Chatting
with
them
improves
our
minds.
和他们聊天增长我们的见识。
Verb-ing形式作主语
1.直接置于句首
-ing形式作主语时，
谓语动词用单数形式。
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
覆水难收。
2.
用形式主语it，把真正的
主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
覆水难收。
2.
用形式主语it，把真正的
主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
覆水难收。
2.
用形式主语it，把真正的
主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
覆水难收。
形容词
2.
用形式主语it，把真正的
主语Verb-ing形式移至句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。
(1)
It
is
useless
trying
to
argue
with
Shylock.
和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
(2)
It’s
worth
making
the
effort.
这事值得努力去做。
(3)
It
is
pleasant
working
with
you.
跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
(4)
It's
no
use
crying
over
split
milk.
覆水难收。
形容词
名词
(1)
It
+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
(2)
It
is/was
no
good/use
doing…
(3)
It
is/was
worth/worthwhile
doing…
(4)
It
is/was
hardly/scarcely
worth
doing...
常用it
作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：
(1)
It
+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
做……是浪费时间。
(2)
It
is/was
no
good/use
doing…
(3)
It
is/was
worth/worthwhile
doing…
(4)
It
is/was
hardly/scarcely
worth
doing...
常用it
作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：
(1)
It
+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
做……是浪费时间。
(2)
It
is/was
no
good/use
doing…
做……是没益/用处的。
(3)
It
is/was
worth/worthwhile
doing…
(4)
It
is/was
hardly/scarcely
worth
doing...
常用it
作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：
(1)
It
+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
做……是浪费时间。
(2)
It
is/was
no
good/use
doing…
做……是没益/用处的。
(3)
It
is/was
worth/worthwhile
doing…
做……是值得的。
(4)
It
is/was
hardly/scarcely
worth
doing...
常用it
作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：
(1)
It
+
be
+
a
waste
of
time
doing…
做……是浪费时间。
(2)
It
is/was
no
good/use
doing…
做……是没益/用处的。
(3)
It
is/was
worth/worthwhile
doing…
做……是值得的。
(4)
It
is/was
hardly/scarcely
worth
doing...
做……不值得。
常用it
作形式主语，Verb-ing形式后置的句型有：
①
I
can't
avoid
going.
②
Do
you
enjoy
teaching????
③
I
couldn't
help
laughing.??
Verb-ing形式作宾语
①
I
can't
avoid
going.
②
Do
you
enjoy
teaching????
我不能不去。
③
I
couldn't
help
laughing.??
Verb-ing形式作宾语
①
I
can't
avoid
going.
②
Do
you
enjoy
teaching????
我不能不去。
你喜欢教书吗？
③
I
couldn't
help
laughing.??
Verb-ing形式作宾语
①
I
can't
avoid
going.
②
Do
you
enjoy
teaching????
我不能不去。
你喜欢教书吗？
③
I
couldn't
help
laughing.??
我禁不住笑了起来。
Verb-ing形式作宾语
①
I
can't
avoid
going.
②
Do
you
enjoy
teaching????
我不能不去。
你喜欢教书吗？
③
I
couldn't
help
laughing.??
我禁不住笑了起来。
1.
Verb-ing形式可以用作动词的宾语，常见的动词(短语)有avoid,
consider,
enjoy,
keep,
finish,
suggest,
dislike,
delay,
escape,
cannot
help,
imagine,
mind,
miss,
practise,
cannot
stand,
excuse,
fancy,
give
up,
risk等。
Verb-ing形式作宾语
①
·Do
you
like
reading?
·
I
like
to
read
detective
stories.
②
·I
hate
asking
favors.
·He
would
hate
to
disappoint
you.
(1)
有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to
do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有:
begin,
love,
like,
continue,
hate,
propose,
prefer等。
①
·Do
you
like
reading?
·
I
like
to
read
detective
stories.
②
·I
hate
asking
favors.
·He
would
hate
to
disappoint
you.
你喜欢看书吗？
(1)
有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to
do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有:
begin,
love,
like,
continue,
hate,
propose,
prefer等。
①
·Do
you
like
reading?
·
I
like
to
read
detective
stories.
②
·I
hate
asking
favors.
·He
would
hate
to
disappoint
you.
你喜欢看书吗？
我喜欢看侦探小说。
(1)
有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to
do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有:
begin,
love,
like,
continue,
hate,
propose,
prefer等。
①
·Do
you
like
reading?
·
I
like
to
read
detective
stories.
②
·I
hate
asking
favors.
·He
would
hate
to
disappoint
you.
你喜欢看书吗？
我不愿意求人帮忙。
我喜欢看侦探小说。
(1)
有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to
do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有:
begin,
love,
like,
continue,
hate,
propose,
prefer等。
①
·Do
you
like
reading?
·
I
like
to
read
detective
stories.
②
·I
hate
asking
favors.
·He
would
hate
to
disappoint
you.
你喜欢看书吗？
我不愿意求人帮忙。
我喜欢看侦探小说。
他不愿意让你失望。
(1)
有些动词后可接Verb-ing或to
do作宾语，且语义相差不大。这类动词有:
begin,
love,
like,
continue,
hate,
propose,
prefer等。
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
Example:
forget
regret
remember
mean
try
stop
…
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
Example:
forget
regret
remember
mean
try
stop
…
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
a.
I
shall
never
forget
hearing
her
singing
that
song.
b.
I
have
forgotten
to
bring
my
umbrella.
Example:
forget
regret
remember
mean
try
stop
…
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
a.
I
shall
never
forget
hearing
her
singing
that
song.
我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。
b.
I
have
forgotten
to
bring
my
umbrella.
Example:
forget
regret
remember
mean
try
stop
…
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
a.
I
shall
never
forget
hearing
her
singing
that
song.
我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。
b.
I
have
forgotten
to
bring
my
umbrella.
我忘了带伞。
Example:
forget
regret
remember
mean
try
stop
…
(2)
有些动词后既可以使用Verb-ing形式又可以使用to
do，但语义有区别。
forget
doing
sth
忘记曾经做过某事(动作已发生)
forget
to
do
sth
忘记要去做某事(动作并未发生)
a.
I
shall
never
forget
hearing
her
singing
that
song.
我将不会忘记听过她唱那支歌的情景。
b.
I
have
forgotten
to
bring
my
umbrella.
我忘了带伞。
a.
I
regret
lending
him
so
much
money
because
he
never
paid
me
back.
b.
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
you
failed
the
test.
a.
I
regret
lending
him
so
much
money
because
he
never
paid
me
back.
我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。
b.
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
you
failed
the
test.
a.
I
regret
lending
him
so
much
money
because
he
never
paid
me
back.
我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。
b.
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
you
failed
the
test.
我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。
regret
doing
sth.
后悔做过某事(事情已经做过)
regret
to
do
sth.
遗憾要做某事(事情正要做或还未做)
a.
I
regret
lending
him
so
much
money
because
he
never
paid
me
back.
我很后悔借给他那么多钱，因为他从来没有还过我。
b.
I
regret
to
tell
you
that
you
failed
the
test.
我遗憾的告诉你，你没有通过考试。
a.
I
remember
seeing
you
somewhere
in
London.
b.
Do
you
remember
to
post
the
letter?
a.
I
remember
seeing
you
somewhere
in
London.
我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。
b.
Do
you
remember
to
post
the
letter?
a.
I
remember
seeing
you
somewhere
in
London.
我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。
b.
Do
you
remember
to
post
the
letter?
你记住寄这封信了吗?
a.
I
remember
seeing
you
somewhere
in
London.
我记得在伦敦什么地方见到过你。
b.
Do
you
remember
to
post
the
letter?
你记住寄这封信了吗?
remember
doing
sth
记得曾经做过某事（动作已发生）
remember
to
do
sth
记住去做某事（动作还没有发生）
a.
Missing
the
bus
means
waiting
for
another
hour.
b.
I’m
feeling
very
guilty
-
I've
been
meaning
to
call
my
parents
for
days,
but
still
haven't
got
around
to
it.
a.
Missing
the
bus
means
waiting
for
another
hour.
错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。
b.
I’m
feeling
very
guilty
-
I've
been
meaning
to
call
my
parents
for
days,
but
still
haven't
got
around
to
it.
a.
Missing
the
bus
means
waiting
for
another
hour.
错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。
b.
I’m
feeling
very
guilty
-
I've
been
meaning
to
call
my
parents
for
days,
but
still
haven't
got
around
to
it.
我感到非常内疚——几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。
a.
Missing
the
bus
means
waiting
for
another
hour.
错过那趟巴士意味着就要再等一个小时。
b.
I’m
feeling
very
guilty
-
I've
been
meaning
to
call
my
parents
for
days,
but
still
haven't
got
around
to
it.
我感到非常内疚——几天来我一直打算给父母打电话，但还是没机会打。
mean
doing
sth
意味着……
mean
to
do
sth
打算做某事
a.
Why
not
try
doing
it
in
some
other
way?
b.
I
tried
to
solve
the
problem
but
I
couldn’t.
a.
Why
not
try
doing
it
in
some
other
way?
为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？
b.
I
tried
to
solve
the
problem
but
I
couldn’t.
a.
Why
not
try
doing
it
in
some
other
way?
为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？
b.
I
tried
to
solve
the
problem
but
I
couldn’t.
我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。
a.
Why
not
try
doing
it
in
some
other
way?
为什么不用其他办法试一试呢？
b.
I
tried
to
solve
the
problem
but
I
couldn’t.
我努力解答那个题，但我解不出。
try
doing
sth
试着做某事
try
to
do
sth
尽力去做某事
a.
Please
stop
talking
aloud.
b.
They
stopped
to
take
photos.
a.
Please
stop
talking
aloud.
请不要大声说话。
b.
They
stopped
to
take
photos.
a.
Please
stop
talking
aloud.
请不要大声说话。
b.
They
stopped
to
take
photos.
他们停下来去拍照。
stop
doing
sth
停止做某事
stop
to
do
sth
停下来正在做的事情去做
另外一件事
a.
Please
stop
talking
aloud.
请不要大声说话。
b.
They
stopped
to
take
photos.
他们停下来去拍照。
a.
It’s
raining
hard,
but
the
farmers
go
on
working
on
the
farm.
b.
After
reading
the
text,
the
students
went
on
to
do
the
exercises.
a.
It’s
raining
hard,
but
the
farmers
go
on
working
on
the
farm.
虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。
b.
After
reading
the
text,
the
students
went
on
to
do
the
exercises.
a.
It’s
raining
hard,
but
the
farmers
go
on
working
on
the
farm.
虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。
b.
After
reading
the
text,
the
students
went
on
to
do
the
exercises.
学生们读完课文后，接着做练习。
go
on
doing
sth
继续（原先没有做完的事）go
on
to
do
sth
继而（去做另外一件事）
a.
It’s
raining
hard,
but
the
farmers
go
on
working
on
the
farm.
虽然天正下着大雨，但农民们继续在农场干活。
b.
After
reading
the
text,
the
students
went
on
to
do
the
exercises.
学生们读完课文后，接着做练习。
a.
She
can’t
help
smiling.
b.
He
can’t
help
to
do
housework,
for
he
is
busy.
a.
She
can’t
help
smiling.
她禁不住笑了起来。
b.
He
can’t
help
to
do
housework,
for
he
is
busy.
a.
She
can’t
help
smiling.
她禁不住笑了起来。
b.
He
can’t
help
to
do
housework,
for
he
is
busy.
他由于忙不能帮助干家务。
a.
She
can’t
help
smiling.
她禁不住笑了起来。
b.
He
can’t
help
to
do
housework,
for
he
is
busy.
他由于忙不能帮助干家务。
can’t
help
doing
sth
情不自禁做某事
can’t
help
(to)
do
sth
不能帮忙做某事
①
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
②
They
objected
to
leaving
the
motel.
③
I
don't
feel
like
going
to
the
movie.
①
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
②
They
objected
to
leaving
the
motel.
她坚持马上就写。
③
I
don't
feel
like
going
to
the
movie.
①
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
②
They
objected
to
leaving
the
motel.
她坚持马上就写。
他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。
③
I
don't
feel
like
going
to
the
movie.
①
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
②
They
objected
to
leaving
the
motel.
她坚持马上就写。
他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。
③
I
don't
feel
like
going
to
the
movie.
我不想去看电影。
①
She
insisted
on
writing
at
once.
②
They
objected
to
leaving
the
motel.
她坚持马上就写。
他们反对离开这家汽车旅馆。
③
I
don't
feel
like
going
to
the
movie.
我不想去看电影。
2.
Verb-ing形式可作介词宾语，常见的介词短语有devote
to,
object
to,
pay
attention
to,
get
down
to,
lead
to,
look
forward
to,
insist
on,
put
off,
feel
like,
waste/
spend…(in)
doing
sth.,
have
trouble
/difficulty
(in)
doing
sth.等。
Verb-ing形式的被动形式
Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。
①
Being
praised
by
the
teacher
makes
me
happy.
②
Jack
escaped
being
hit
by
a
car.
Verb-ing形式的被动形式
Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。
①
Being
praised
by
the
teacher
makes
me
happy.
②
Jack
escaped
being
hit
by
a
car.
被老师表扬我很高兴。
Verb-ing形式的被动形式
Verb-ing形式作主语或宾语时可以有被动形式。
①
Being
praised
by
the
teacher
makes
me
happy.
②
Jack
escaped
being
hit
by
a
car.
被老师表扬我很高兴。
杰克没有被车撞到。