2021年人教版中考英语专题复习动词的语态课件（13张PPT）

(共13张PPT)
英语动词的语态
Those
who
adhere
to
the
principles
of
wisdom,
have
right
attitudes,
and
true
to
their
words
and
discharge
their
duties
with
responsibility
are
loved
by
people.
动词的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示句子的主语是动作的执行者；
被动语态表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成：
be
+
done(动词过去分词)
we
speak
English.
主语
谓
语
宾语
English
is
spoken
by
us.
主语
谓语
宾语
主动语态
被动语态
宾变主，主变宾，前加by
动词时态语态一览表(以do为例）
时态
主动
被动
一般现在时
do/does
现在进行时
am/is/are
doing
现在完成时
have/has
done
一般过去时
did
过去进行时
was/were
doing
过去完成时
had
done
一般将来时
will
do
将来完成时
will
have
done
am/is/are
done
am/is/are
being
done
have/has
been
done
was/were
done
was/were
being
done
had
been
done
will
be
done
will
have
been
done
某些动词主动形式表示被动意义
1.表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的词。
如:read,write,sell,wash,clean,cook,catch,draw,cut等常与
well,
badly,
easily,
smoothly等副词连用。
e.g.The
cloth
washes
well.
(这种布耐洗)
2.
连系动词look,
sound,
feel,
smell,
taste,
appear,
seem,
go,
prove,
turn,
stay,
become,
fall,
get,
grow,
keep
+
adj.构成系
表结构,主动表被动.
eg.
The
steel
feels
cold.
某些动词主动形式表示被动意义
3.表示开始、结束、运动的动词。
如:begin,
finish,
start,
open,
close,
stop,
end,
shut,
run,
move
等主动表被动。
eg.
Work
began
at
7
o’clock
this
morning.
The
shop
closes
at
6
p.m.
every
day.
4.need
/
want
/
require
doing,
be
worth
doing,
be
to
blame
主动表被动。
The
equipment
in
the
corner
requires
repairing
1.
This
coastal
area
______
a
national
wildlife
reserve
last
year.
A.
was
named
B.
named
C.
is
named
D.
names
2.
I
need
one
more
stamp
before
my
collection
____.
A.
has
completed
B.
completes
C.
has
been
completed
D.
is
completed
3.His
reading?room?____?yesterday?afternoon.?
A.?cleaned?B.?is?cleaned?C.?was?cleaning?D.?was?cleaned?
某些常见句型
It
is
said
that
........据说......
It
is
reported
that
........据报道.....
It
is
supposed
that
........据推测.....
It
is
hoped
that
........希望....
It
is
well-known
that
........众所周知.....
It
is
not
decided
that
........尚未决定....
It
is
believed
that
........人们认为.........
使用被动语态需要注意的问题
1.感官动词或使役动词see,watch,hear,notice,feel,listen
to,
look
at等动词后的宾语补足语要省略to，
但在被动语态中要还原。
主动：The
boss
made
them
work
all
day.
被动：They
were
made
to
work
all
day.
2.短语动词作为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
These
children
are
taken
good
care
of.
使用被动语态需要注意的问题
3.把复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时，
一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，
而把宾语补足语留在谓语动词后。
主动：He
painted
his
room
blue.
被动：His
room
was
painted
blue.
不能用被动语态的情况
1.不及物动词及其短语。如
come,
go,
arrive,
happen,
rise,
last,
take
place,
belong
to,
take
part
in,
break
out等。
2.具有喜怒、爱憎等感彩的词，如hate,like,prefer,love等
3.反身代词、相互代词作宾语时。
eg.Please
help
yourself.
4.同源宾语。如die,smile,dream等
eg.She
dreamed
a
sweet
dream.
1.
Visitors
not
to
touch
the
exhibits.
A.
will
request
B.
request
C.
are
requesting
D.
are
requested
2.The?workers?were?made?_____?ten?hours?a?day.?
A.?work?B.?to?work?C.?working?D.?worked
3.Food?____?in?a?cool?place?in?summer.?
A.must?keep?
B.?mustn’t?keep?
C.?must?be?kept?
D.?mustn’t?be?kept
4.The?child?will?____?back?to?his?parents?next?month.?
A.?sent?B.?send?C.?be?sent?D.?be?sending?
5.________?his?work?________?yet??
A.?Have…been?finished?
B.?Has?…been?finished?
C.?Has?…finished?
D.?Have…finished
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