2022届一轮复习高考英语人教版（2019）：必修一 Unit2 Travelling around阅读专练（含解析）

2
必修第一册　UNIT2阅读题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
OxfordandCambridgeTourwithFreeLunchPack
WhatIncluded:
Walking
tour
of
Oxford
and
Cambridge
Visit
to
Christ
Church
Free
lunch
pack
Professional
guides
Luxury
air-conditioned
buses
PleaseNote:
You
must
bring
the
e-ticket
provided
to
gain
entry
to
this
tour.
Bookings
made
after
midnight
for
the
same
day
will
not
receive
a
free
lunch
pack.
During
peak
periods,additional
vehicles
without
Wi-Fi
may
be
used.
WalkingTourofOxford
Follow
in
the
footsteps
of
Oxford’s
famous
students,from
C.S.Lewis
to
Bill
Clinton,as
you
walk
through
the
attractive
college
courtyards
of
this
historic
university
town.See
the
Bodleian
Library—one
of
the
oldest
libraries
in
Europe
on
your
visit.You’ll
be
attracted
by
the
ancient
squares
of
this
naturally
beautiful
town.
ChristChurch
Christ
Church
is
recognisable
as
one
of
the
major
locations
for
the
HarryPotter
films!Marvel
at
the
magical
grandeur(壮观)
of
the
Great
Hall,used
as
the
setting
for
Hogwarts.
SenateHouse
Once
you’ve
left
Oxford,you’ll
make
your
way
to
the
beautiful
city
of
Cambridge.It’s
here
that
you
will
visit
Senate
House
at
the
world-famous
University
of
Cambridge.Used
by
the
Council
of
the
Senate
for
important
meetings
before,it
is
now
the
chosen
location
for
students’
degree
ceremonies.You’ll
get
to
explore
this
special
location
and
discover
its
important
history.
Days
of
departure:Tuesdays,Thursdays
and
Saturdays
Check-in:8:00
am
Departure:8:30
am
Return:7:00
pm
Departure
point:Golden
tours
Victoria
Visitor
Centre
4
Fountain
Square,123-151
Buckingham
Palace
Road,London
SW1W
9SH
1.Which
of
the
following
is
included
in
the
tour?
A.Free
meals
pack.
B.Buses
traveling
in
Oxford.
C.Air-conditioned
buses.
D.Professors’
introduction.
2.What
will
happen
if
you
book
the
trip
for
the
same
day?
A.You
won’t
get
free
lunch.
B.You’ll
pay
more
for
the
trip.
C.You
don’t
need
to
bring
e-ticket.
D.You’ll
take
buses
without
Wi-Fi.
3.What
is
Christ
Church
famous
for?
A.The
place
that
Bill
Clinton
once
visited.
B.Footsteps
of
Oxford’s
famous
students.
C.Many
ancient
beautiful
squares.
D.A
major
setting
for
the
HarryPotter
films.
B
When
she
was
studying
to
become
a
scientist,Megan
Strauss
rode
in
a
small
airplane
to
study
giraffes.While
a
pilot
flew
over
the
Serengeti
in
Tanzania,Africa,the
researchers
looked
down
carefully
and
counted
giraffes.
“I
am
always
amazed
how
easily
we
can
spot
warthogs
and
other
small
animals,yet
we
sometimes
have
trouble
seeing
giraffes.Giraffes
are
slender
in
shape,and
they
may
not
throw
a
good
shadow,”
says
Dr.Strauss,who
has
since
become
a
wildlife
scientist.
The
Serengeti
is
about
the
size
of
Vermont,a
state
in
the
northeastern
US,so
the
scientists
could
not
study
the
entire
area.Instead,they
surveyed
three
areas
where
giraffes
were
studied
in
the
1970s.As
they
expected,they
saw
far
fewer
of
these
animals.
To
find
out
if
lions
had
been
killing
more
giraffes
in
recent
years,the
team
looked
at
the
survival
of
young
giraffes.Lions
kill
more
young
giraffes
than
adults,but
the
team
found
no
decrease
in
young
giraffes’
survival
after
they
are
born,compared
with
the
1970s.
The
team
then
looked
at
whether
too
many
giraffes
were
being
killed
by
parasites(寄生虫).The
researchers
counted
parasite
eggs
in
giraffe
droppings,and
they
found
too
few
to
harm
the
giraffe
population.
They
looked
into
whether
poachers(盗猎者)were
killing
too
many
giraffes.Two
of
the
areas
they
studied
are
where
giraffe
meat
is
sometimes
sold
in
local
markets.Poachers
catch
more
adult
males
than
other
giraffes.Researchers
spotted
too
few
males
compared
with
females
in
those
two
areas,a
sign
of
poaching.
When
the
food
supply
is
short,the
environment
supports
fewer
giraffes
and
the
females
have
fewer
young
giraffes.A
lot
of
new
trees
have
grown
in
the
Serengeti,but
many
are
a
type
that
giraffes
do
not
like
to
eat.The
researchers
found
fewer
young
giraffes
today
than
in
the
1970s
compared
with
the
number
of
adult
females,a
sign
that
food
was
in
short
supply.
Dr.Strauss
is
working
on
an
environmental
education
program
for
Tanzania
including
books
for
students.These
materials
will
educate
Tanzanians
and
help
them
to
help
giraffes.As
knowledge
grows
and
changes
are
made,they
hope
the
giraffe
population
will
increase.
4.What
did
Dr.Strauss
find
while
studying
giraffes
in
the
Serengeti?
A.It
was
too
costly
to
study
giraffes.
B.It
was
hard
to
spot
giraffes
from
the
air.
C.The
number
of
giraffes
had
increased
slowly.
D.Giraffes
lived
in
smaller
areas
than
in
the
1970s.
5.How
did
the
team
study
the
lion-giraffe
relationship?
A.By
analyzing
giraffe
droppings.
B.By
comparing
young
giraffes
with
adults.
C.By
comparing
male
giraffes
and
females.
D.By
surveying
the
survival
of
young
giraffes.
6.What
is
Dr.Strauss
doing
to
help
giraffes?
A.She
is
founding
a
national
park
in
Tanzania.
B.She
is
counting
giraffes
in
the
entire
Serengeti.
C.She
is
educating
students
to
write
about
giraffes.
D.She
is
raising
environmental
awareness
in
local
people.
7.What’s
the
main
idea
of
the
passage?
A.Series
of
studies
about
giraffes.
B.Ways
of
becoming
a
scientist.
C.Protecting
the
environment.
D.An
environmental
program.
C
Remember
Vitaminwater’s
“free
of
rolling
screen
for
a
year”
challenge
that
dared
people
to
be
free
from
smart
phones
for
a
whole
year
will
win
$100,000?Well,Elana
Mugdan,a
New
York
woman,has
been
into
it
for
eight
months,and
just
four
months
away
from
claiming
grand
prize.
Vitaminwater
made
news
headlines
last
December
when
it
announced
its
unique
challenge.Thousands
of
people
applied
to
be
chosen
as
the
perfect
candidate
to
spend
a
year
without
touching
their
smart
phones,but
in
the
end,the
only
person
who
got
to
try
and
survive
for
an
entire
year
without
a
handheld
smart
phone
was
Elana
Mugdan,a
29-year-old
fiction
writer
from
Queens,New
York.Eight
months
into
the
challenge,she
claims
it
has
been
a
free
and
eye-opening
experience
that
shows
her
just
how
dependent
she
becomes
on
her
smart
phone.Even
though
there
are
times
when
she
misses
her
handheld
smart
phone,she
plans
to
go
on
living
without
it
even
after
the
challenge
ends,because
she
really
doesn’t
want
to
go
back
to
days
when
she
abused
it,wasted
time,stayed
up
all
hours
of
the
night
on
it,and
was
obsessed
with
social
media.?
But
not
having
access
to
her
smart
phone
really
made
certain
situations
a
lot
harder
than
she
could
have
imagined
them
before.“Many
people
did
me
a
favor.However,once,I
almost
got
stranded(滞留)
in
the
SeaTac
airport
because
the
phone
number
I’d
written
down
was
wrong,and
I
had
no
way
of
referring
to
the
right
one,no
way
of
calling
a
cab,and
no
one
in
the
state
who
could
help
me,”
the
young
writer
said.
Another
time,her
car’s
“check
engine”
light
turned
on
while
she
was
driving
in
an
unfamiliar
area
at
night.She
couldn’t
use
her
phone’s
GPS
location
feature,or
even
check
what
the
light
meant
on
Google
or
find
a
nearby
car
repair
shop.Still,she
learned
to
overcome
these
situations.And
now
she
claims
the
last
eight
months
of
phone-free
life
have
been
one
of
the
best
adventures
of
her
life
and
that
she’ll
keep
it
for
another
four
months.
8.What’s
the
challenge
“free
of
rolling
screen
for
a
year”?
A.People
free
from
smart
phones
can
live
a
richer
life.
B.People
living
a
telephone-free
life
can
be
awarded
every
year.
C.People
living
without
computers
for
a
year
will
win
grand
prize.
D.People
spending
a
year
free
from
smart
phones
will
get
a
reward.
9.Which
phrase
can
replace
the
underlined
part
“obsessed
with”
in
Paragraph
2?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Satisfied
with.
B.Accustomed
to.
C.Addicted
to.
D.Popular
with.
10.What
does
Elana
Mugdan
mainly
want
to
express
in
Paragraph
3?
A.It’s
fantastic
to
have
someone
to
help
her
all
the
way.
B.It’s
unimaginable
to
lose
her
phone
number
on
the
way.
C.It’s
unnecessary
to
refer
to
information
with
a
smart
phone.
D.It’s
difficult
to
get
out
of
the
trouble
without
a
smart
phone.
11.What
can
we
learn
about
Elana
Mugdan?
A.She
couldn’t
live
without
a
smart
phone.
B.She
finds
no
one
can
help
her
in
the
adventure.
C.She
has
not
won
the
$100,000
prize
yet.
D.She
used
to
use
her
smart
phone
to
write
fiction.
D
For
two
centuries,the
famous
University
of
Cambridge
debating
society
has
hosted
many
prominent
figures,from
world
leaders
to
scientists
to
comedians.
On
Nov
21,the
Cambridge
Union
hosted
its
first-ever
non-human
guest.Designed
by
IBM,Project
Debater
is
a
machine
that
uses
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)
to
form
a
spoken
argument.It
can
even
listen
and
answer
to
opposing
statements,much
like
a
real
person.
Speaking
with
a
voice
similar
to
Siri,Project
Debater
uses
AI
to
search
journals,newspapers
and
other
information
sources.It
then
filters
out(过滤)
useless
information,picks
the
strongest
arguments,and
arranges
them
into
a
persuasive
argument.
In
the
Cambridge
test
debate,it
argued
the
topic:AI
will
ultimately
do
more
harm
than
good.According
to
IBM,it
is
the
first
machine
that
can
debate
complicated
topics
with
humans.
Before
the
debate,more
than
1,100
arguments
for
the
positives
and
negatives
of
AI
were
submitted
to
the
IBM
website.The
machine
then
analyzed
these
sources
and
formed
the
basis
of
its
arguments
in
minutes.Project
Debater
then
showed
off
its
AI
by
arguing
for
both
sides
of
the
debate.
Over
a
four-minute
speech,it
argued
first
that,“AI
can
only
make
decisions
that
it
has
been
programmed
to
solve,while
humans
can
be
programmed
for
all
plots,possible
events.”
In
support
of
AI,it
then
argued
that
AI
would
create
new
jobs
and
“bring
a
lot
more
efficiency”
to
the
workplace.
This
isn’t
the
first
test
for
Project
Debater.In
June
2018,the
machine
went
back-and-forth
for
20
minutes
against
champion
debater
Harish
Natarajan.
According
to
NewScientist,on
both
occasions,Project
Debater
repeated
points
and
didn’t
always
sufficiently
support
them.
Speaking
to
CambridgeIndependent,Noam
Slonim,the
project’s
lead
engineer,said,“The
AI
is
not
perfect,but
it’s
going
in
the
right
direction.”
The
team
hopes
to
improve
the
AI
by
researching
why
humans
find
certain
arguments
more
persuasive
than
others.
12.In
which
way
does
Project
Debater
behave
like
a
real
person?
A.It
can
listen
and
answer
to
opposing
statements.
B.It
can
speak
with
a
voice
similar
to
Siri.
C.It
can
create
various
useful
sources.
D.It
can
deal
with
any
situation.
13.What
were
prepared
for
the
machine
before
the
Cambridge
test
debate?
A.Analyzed
sources.
B.Useless
messages.
C.Materials
for
arguments.
D.Items
about
human
debaters.
14.What
can
we
infer
from
the
text?
A.AI
did
better
than
humans
in
arguments.
B.AI
had
rich
ideas
to
support
its
points.
C.AI
beat
Harish
Natarajan
in
the
first
test.
D.AI
needs
more
persuasive
arguments
in
debates.
15.What
is
Noam
Slonim’s
attitude
to
the
AI?
A.Supportive.
B.Unconfident.
C.Negative.
D.Indifferent.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Howtobecomeascientist
Be
curious.Scientists
choose
to
become
scientists
because
they
are
curious
about
the
world
around
them
and
how
the
things
in
it
work.This
curiosity
leads
them
to
investigate
the
how
and
why
behind
what
they
see.
　1　
Becoming
a
scientist
takes
a
long
time.There
are
very
few
careers
that
take
longer
than
this
one.Even
when
you’re
doing
with
your
education,you
still
have
to
get
research
under
your
belt.If
you’re
an
instant-gratification(即时满足)
type
of
person,this
may
not
be
the
right
career
for
you.?
Be
diligent
and
persevere.It’s
been
said
that
jobs
in
science
are
the
lowest
paid
in
the
US.What
this
is
getting
at
is
that
because
of
the
long
path
to
success,for
a
while
you
won’t
be
living
lavishly(丰富地).　2　?
Have
the
need
to
always
keep
learning.　3　
Whether
it’s
reading
peer-reviewed
journals,attending
seminars,or
working
toward
getting
yourself
published,you’ll
always
be
learning.?
　4　
In
those
years
of
waiting
for
results,you
need
to
constantly
be
looking
for
the
smallest
changes
in
what
you
expect
to
see.Your
eye
needs
to
be
focused
and
ready
at
all
times.?
Think
differently.Think
back
to
Newton’s
apple
falling
on
his
head
or
Archimedes’
jumping
into
his
tub
and
displacing
water.Most
people
would
think
nothing
of
these
events,but
these
men
saw
something
else,something
no
one
else
was
seeing
at
the
time.　5　?
A.Observation
skills
are
also
necessary.
B.Be
patient
in
climbing
the
career
ladder.
C.Things
are
going
to
be
tough
for
a
while.
D.Then
you’re
probably
made
of
the
right
stuff.
E.As
the
saying
goes,“Where
there
is
a
will,there
is
a
way.”
F.Actually
what
every
scientist
does
is
seek
out
knowledge.
G.To
make
progress
in
human
knowledge,you
have
to
think
differently.
参考答案
2
必修第一册　UNIT2　阅读题
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章的主要目的是推荐牛津和剑桥之旅。
1.C　细节理解题。根据文章WhatIncluded部分的“Luxuryair-conditionedbuses”可知,旅行的交通工具是豪华空调大巴,因此C项正确。
2.A　细节理解题。文章PleaseNote部分的“Bookingsmadeaftermidnightforthesamedaywillnotreceiveafreelunchpack.”可知,午夜后预订当天的票,午餐将不获赠,因此A项正确。
3.D　细节理解题。根据ChristChurch部分的“ChristChurchisrecognisableasoneofthemajorlocationsfortheHarryPotterfilms!”可知,ChristChurch是《哈利·波特》电影的主要拍摄地之一。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过调查研究发现长颈鹿的数量在减少,并发现偷猎和缺乏食物是长颈鹿数量减少的原因。
4.B　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Iamalwaysamazedhoweasilywecanspotwarthogsandothersmallanimals,yetwesometimeshavetroubleseeinggiraffes.Giraffesareslenderinshape,andtheymaynotthrowagoodshadow”可知,要在空中发现长颈鹿很难,因为它们身型纤细,可能不会投下好找的影子。
5.D　推理判断题。根据第四段可知,研究人员是通过研究调查幼年长颈鹿的存活情况,来研究狮子和长颈鹿的关系的。
6.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,Dr.Strauss通过提高当地人的环保意识来帮助长颈鹿。
7.A　主旨大意题。通览全文内容可知,本文主要讲述有关长颈鹿生存状况的研究。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫ElanaMugdan的纽约人参加一项特殊挑战的故事。
8.D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“RememberVitaminwater’s‘freeofrollingscreenforayear’challengethatdaredpeopletobefreefromsmartphonesforawholeyearwillwin$100,000?”可知,这个挑战是指人们如果在一年之内不用智能手机就可以获得10万美元的大奖。
9.C　词义猜测题。根据上文提到的“shereallydoesn’twanttogobacktodayswhensheabusedit,wastedtime,stayedupallhoursofthenightonit”可知,Mugdan在参加挑战之前常常滥用手机,浪费时间,整夜不睡,故推知Mugdan曾对社交媒体沉迷,故选C项。
10.D　推理判断题。根据本段的主题句“Butnothavingaccesstohersmartphonereallymadecertainsituationsalotharderthanshecouldhaveimaginedthembefore.”以及她说的话可知,本段想表达没有智能手机让她很难摆脱某些困境。
11.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,ElanaMugdan已经坚持了八个月不用智能手机了,再有四个月就可以获得大奖,所以她还没得到这个大奖。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。11月21日,剑桥辩论学会迎来了首位非人类嘉宾。由美国国际商用机器公司(简称IBM)设计的“ProjectDebater”是个能够使用人工智能进行辩论的机器人,它甚至能够聆听并提出反驳,就像真人一样。
12.A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Itcanevenlistenandanswertoopposingstatements,muchlikearealperson.”可知,它能够聆听并提出反驳,就像真人一样,故选A项。
13.C　细节理解题。第五段中提到:辩论开始前,IBM官网上收到了1100多条关于人工智能利弊的论据。这款机器人随后对这些来源进行了分析,并在数分钟内形成了其论点的基础。然后,“ProjectDebater”通过为正反两方辩论展示了其人工智能的技术,故选C项。
14.D　推理判断题。最后两段提到:《新科学家》杂志认为,在这两次辩论中,“辩论家计划”的论点都有重复,其论据也并非总是充分有力。该项目的首席工程师诺姆·斯洛尼姆在接受《剑桥独立报》采访时表示:“人工智能并不完美,但它的方向是正确的。”为改进人工智能,团队对人类为何能找出更有说服力的论点进行了研究。故选D项。
15.A　推理判断题。最后一段提到:为改进人工智能,团队对人类为何能找出更有说服力的论点进行了研究。可见NoamSlonim对于人工智能是支持的,故选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章就如何成为科学家提供了几点建议。如:要有好奇心;要有耐心;要勤奋并持之以恒等。
1.B　根据“要成为科学家需要很长的时间”可知,B项“攀登事业阶梯要有耐心”可作为本段的小标题。
2.C　上文提到“这是因为在通往成功的漫长道路上,有一段时间,你不会过着奢华的生活”。由此可知,有一段时间情况可能很艰难,C项符合语境。
3.F　本段的小标题是“要不断的学习”。F项“实际上每个科学家所做的都是寻找知识”与标题语意相符。
4.A　根据下文的“在等待结果的那些年里,你需要不断地寻找你期望看到的最小的变化”可知,当科学家观察的技巧是必要的,所以用A项作小标题。
5.G　本段的小标题是“要有不同的思维方式”。G项“要想在人类知识上取得进步,你必须有不同的思维方式”可与标题相呼应。