2022届一轮复习高考英语人教版（2019）：选择性必修三 Unit3 Environmental Protection阅读专练（含解析）
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| 名称 | 2022届一轮复习高考英语人教版（2019）：选择性必修三 Unit3 Environmental Protection阅读专练（含解析） |  | |
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15
选择性必修第三册 UNIT3阅读题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Founded
in
2011,Plan
My
Gap
Year(PMGY)
offers
the
world’s
most
affordable
placements
for
travellers
who
would
like
to
volunteer
abroad
in
childcare,English
teaching,wildlife
conservation,community
projects,and
mental
health
projects.Since
93%
of
PMGY’s
participants
are
alone,this
organization
is
a
great
fit
for
people
who
will
be
volunteering
alone.
ProjectinBali
Bali
Indonesia
volunteer
program,where
you
can
care
for
children
in
need,and
teach
English
in
a
classroom.Based
in
Tabanan,PMGY’s
Bali
volunteer
abroad
program
is
extremely
affordable,starting
from
just
$330
for
your
first
two
weeks
onsite.
ProjectinVietnam
Travel
to
Vietnam
and
gain
experience
in
marketing
and
promotion!Put
your
writing
and
social
media
skills
to
great
use
while
you
learn
about
economic,environmental,and
social
issues(问题)
in
the
developing
world.Program
fees
start
at
only
$435
for
two
weeks,and
you’re
invited
to
stay
up
to
six
months.
ProjectinGhana
If
you
have
always
dreamed
of
visiting
Africa,PMGY
has
many
different
meaningful
volunteer
projects
in
Ghana,including
supporting
disabled
children,teaching
English,and
providing
medical
care.This
program
starts
from
only
$375
for
your
first
two
weeks
in
Ghana,and
you
can
stay
up
to
six
months.
ProjectinSriLanka
Located
in
Ambalangoda,the
southern
province
of
Sri
Lanka,this
program
invites
you
on
several
different
volunteer
experiences,including
childcare,English
teaching,medical
care,and
whale
conservation.You
can
stay
from
two
weeks
to
over
six
months,and
depending
on
the
project
you
sign
up
for,your
first
two
weeks
abroad
cost
only
$400.
1.What
can
Plan
My
Gap
Year
do?
A.Teach
volunteers
to
work
alone.
B.Find
volunteers’
different
interests.
C.Offer
volunteers
abroad
opportunities.
D.Introduce
affordable
travels
to
tourists.
2.In
which
project
can
participants
gain
selling
skills?
A.Project
in
Bali.
B.Project
in
Ghana.
C.Project
in
Vietnam.
D.Project
in
Sri
Lanka.
3.How
much
will
one
pay
at
least
for
a
project
with
animal
protection?
A.$435.
B.$400.
C.$375.
D.$330.
B
Army
veteran
Wayne
Dixon
and
his
dog
Koda
have
collected
50
tons
of
rubbish
so
far
on
an
epic
litter
pick
around
Britain.
Wayne,47,along
with
Koda,eight,has
already
filled
10,000
bin
bags
and
the
pair
are
still
only
half
way
into
their
trip
along
the
coastline.They
set
out
from
their
home
in
Lancashire
almost
three
years
ago
and
have
covered
3,500
miles
so
far
after
crossing
off
Scotland,Wales,Devon
and
Cornwall.They
have
now
made
their
way
along
the
South
coast
to
Brighton
where
Wayne
joined
a
party
of
litter
pickers
for
the
Silent
Disco
Beach
Clean
to
help
remove
thousands
more
discarded
items.The
pair’s
series
of
walks
are
in
memory
of
Wayne’s
father
John,who
died
in
2012.Funds
are
being
raised
for
the
mental
health
charity
Mind.John
suffered
a
kind
of
disease
for
many
years
but
was
an
avid
walker
and
loved
coastal
paths.
Wayne,who
is
also
backed
by
Keep
Britain
Tidy,said,“You
would
think
the
environmental
message
about
the
harm
caused
by
littering
would
have
hit
home
by
now
but
people
still
discard
rubbish
on
the
beaches
which
then
gets
washed
out
to
sea
causing
marine
pollution.I’m
halfway
through
my
journey
round
the
coast
of
Britain
and
I’ve
been
astonished
with
how
much
rubbish
I
have
picked
up.It
is
truly
shocking
that
the
message
is
still
not
getting
to
some
people.”
Amy
Gibson,organiser
of
the
Brighton
clean-up,said,“Over
100
volunteers
joined
in
and
in
just
two
hours
we
removed
over
60
kilos
of
litter
from
the
area
in
little
over
half
a
mile.Over
50,000
people
visited
Brighton
beach
on
Saturday—the
hottest
day
of
the
year
so
far—and
we
are
in
desperate
need
of
more
bins
down
there
and
for
people
to
start
taking
ownership
of
their
trash.”
On
his
epic
journey,Wayne
has
been
giving
talks
to
children
in
schools
and
community
groups
about
the
need
to
drum
home
the
environmental
message
and
stop
littering.Despite
having
3,500
miles
to
go,Wayne
aims
to
take
a
short
break
from
the
coast
to
embark
on
“Wayne’s
Walk
to
Westminster”
where
he
aims
to
deliver
a
letter
to
the
Prime
Minister
urging
tougher
penalties
for
litterbugs.
4.What
do
we
know
about
Wayne’s
father?
A.He
liked
to
collect
rubbish.
B.He
loved
walking
along
the
coast.
C.He
used
to
be
an
environmentalist.
D.He
worked
for
the
mental
health
charity
Mind.
5.The
underlined
word
“discard”
(Paragraph
3)
most
probably
means
.?
A.pick
up
B.throw
away
C.take
away
D.bring
up
6.How
does
Wayne
feel
about
the
rubbish
collected?
A.Shocked.
B.Worried.
C.Satisfied.
D.Disappointed.
7.What
can
we
infer
from
the
fourth
paragraph?
A.There
are
not
enough
dustbins
on
the
beach.
B.Over
50,000
volunteers
took
part
in
the
activity
on
Saturday.
C.Tourists’
awareness
of
environmental
protection
has
greatly
improved.
D.More
and
more
volunteers
come
to
work
on
Brighton
beach
every
day.
C
A
research
paper
recently
reported
that
the
Chinese
paddlefish
(中华鲟)—one
of
the
world’s
largest
freshwater
fish—has
been
declared
extinct.
Scientists
say
the
Chinese
paddlefish
and
its
close
relatives
have
been
around
for
at
least
200
million
years.The
species,reaching
up
to
seven
meters
in
length,survived
unimaginable
changes,such
as
the
mass
extinction
that
killed
the
dinosaurs.But
there’s
one
phenomenon
this
ancient
species,sometimes
called
the
“panda
of
the
Yangtze”,could
not
survive
humans.
Their
huge
size
and
plentiful
flesh
made
them
a
popular
target
for
fishermen
and
a
welcome
addition
to
inner
tables
in
China.In
the
1970s,25
tons
of
paddlefish
were
harvested
per
year
on
average.
But
the
construction
of
the
Gezhouba
Dam
on
the
Yangtze
forever
changed
the
Yangtze
River
habitat
of
paddlefish,because
it
was
constructed
without
a
fish
ladder
or
sideway
and
cut
off
the
paddlefish
from
their
only
breeding
(繁殖)
grounds
upstream.Populations
of
the
fish
continued
to
decrease
after
the
completion
of
the
dam
in
1981,but
nobody
had
yet
figured
out
how
terrible
the
situation
was.As
is
often
the
case,there
can
be
a
significant
delay
between
major
disturbances
and
their
consequence.The
researchers
say
the
fish
had
become
functionally
extinct
by
1993,meaning
there
were
not
enough
fish
to
meaningfully
reproduce.
Ms
Pan
is
an
ocean
expert
with
Greenpeace
East
Asia.She
told
The
Associated
Press
the
extinction
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish
was
“a
huge
loss”
for
nature.She
said
the
development
confirms
that
the
Yangtze
River
is
experiencing
major
environmental
damage.
“The
ecosystem
of
the
Yangtze
River
is
close
to
its
breaking
point
due
to
human
activity
in
past
decades,”
Pan
said.“The
paddlefish’s
extinction
should
serve
as
a
wake-up
call
to
protect
other
freshwater
species.Moving
forward,we
need
to
balance
the
needs
of
humans
with
the
needs
of
life
in
rivers
and
seas.Humans
should
not
live
alone
on
this
planet.”
8.What
can
we
say
about
the
Chinese
paddlefish?
A.It
is
the
largest
fish.
B.It
appeared
earlier
than
dinosaurs.
C.It
is
a
kind
of
ancient
fish.
D.It
was
a
welcome
dish
for
the
fishermen.
9.What
is
Paragraph
4
mainly
about?
A.The
design
problems
of
the
Gezhouba
Dam.
B.The
worsening
ecosystem
in
the
Yangtze
River.
C.The
population
development
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish.
D.The
main
reason
for
the
dying
out
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish.
10.How
does
Ms
Pan
feel
about
the
extinction
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish?
A.Angry.
B.Doubtful.
C.Worried.
D.Unconcerned.
11.In
which
section
of
The
Associated
Press
may
this
text
most
probably
appear?
A.Environment.
B.Science.
C.Culture.
D.Tourism.
D
If
the
three
Rs(reduce,reuse
and
recycle)
is
a
guideline
to
save
the
planet,garbage-sorting
is
where
the
efforts
start.Since
May
1,Beijing
has
started
to
carry
out
mandatory
garbage-sorting
in
new
efforts
to
better
protect
the
environment.Under
the
new
regulation,residents
are
required
to
classify
household
waste
into
four
categories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardous
and
other
waste.People
who
fail
to
sort
their
garbage
properly
can
be
fined
from
50
to
200
yuan,reported
Xinhua.
Some
residential
communities
in
Beijing
have
introduced
rewards
to
encourage
residents
to
sort
their
garbage.According
to
Xinhua,residents
can
earn
points
by
classifying
their
domestic
waste
correctly
and
then
exchange
the
points
they
accumulate
for
daily
necessities
such
as
soap.
Garbage
sorting
practices
have
reached
over
70
percent
of
housing
estates
in
18
cities,including
Shanghai,Xiamen
and
Hangzhou,according
to
the
Ministry
of
Housing
and
Urban-Rural
Development.Shanghai
first
enacted
a
mandatory
garbage-sorting
regulation
in
July
2019
and
has
had
a
90
percent
compliance
(服从)
rate
among
its
housing
estates.
According
to
a
report
by
the
Ministry
of
Ecology
and
Environment,over
90
percent
of
the
public
believe
that
garbage-sorting
is
important
for
the
protection
of
the
environment.However,garbage-sorting
is
still
a
big
problem
in
China.Only
30
percent
of
participants
said
they
think
they
are
completely
sorting
their
waste,the
report
noted.According
to
Xinhua,it’s
partly
because
many
people
lack
the
willingness
to
sort
their
own
waste.Also,some
previous
garbage
regulations
didn’t
include
fines
for
people
who
failed
to
obey
them.
“It’s
a
must
to
have
a
legal
guarantee
to
promote
garbage
sorting,”
Mr.Liu,a
professor
from
Tsinghua
University,told
ChinaDaily,“Aside
from
China,many
countries
like
Germany,Spain
and
Britain,also
ask
people
to
sort
waste
into
specific
categories.In
Japan,there
is
a
fixed
time
for
the
sorting
of
each
kind
of
garbage
and
littering.”
12.What
can
we
learn
about
the
new
regulation
in
Beijing?
A.It
hasn’t
been
put
into
use
yet.
B.Residents
can
sort
the
garbage
as
they
like.
C.People
can
get
money
if
they
classify
their
domestic
waste
correctly.
D.Those
who
can’t
sort
the
garbage
as
the
new
rule
requires
shall
be
fined.
13.What’s
the
problem
in
garbage
sorting
in
China?
A.Most
people
are
unaware
of
its
importance
in
protecting
environment.
B.Some
people
don’t
want
to
take
the
trouble
to
sort
the
garbage.
C.Only
residents
in
big
cities
can
sort
the
trash
correctly.
D.The
government
doesn’t
have
enough
money
to
support
garbage
sorting.
14.What
can
we
infer
from
Mr.Liu’s
words?
A.It’s
difficult
to
carry
out
garbage
sorting
in
China.
B.Some
laws
in
garbage-sorting
are
needed.
C.People
in
developed
countries
can
better
sort
the
garbage.
D.We
should
learn
from
Japan.
15.What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Garbage
Sorting,a
New
Start
in
China
B.New
Regulations
in
Beijing
C.Argument
on
Garbage
Sorting
D.How
to
Sort
Domestic
Garbage
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
KeepingYourLifeBusyandExciting
Shakeupyourroutine.It
doesn’t
matter
if
other
people
think
you’re
interesting;it
only
matters
if
you
think
you’re
interesting. 1 .Whether
it’s
taking
a
different
route
home,or
calling
up
a
friend
you
haven’t
spoken
to
in
years,give
it
a
try.It’s
about
surprising
yourself,not
other
people.?
Findlocaleventssuchasmarkets,festivals,andmusiceventstoattend.Pick
out
things
in
your
area
which
you
think
might
be
interesting
and
give
them
a
visit. 2 ,especially
in
summer,which
don’t
involve
spending
much
or
any
money.By
doing
these
things
which
aren’t
part
of
your
routine,you’ll
keep
yourself
surprised
and
energized.?
Exploreyourhometown.When
you
go
on
holiday
anywhere,the
place
you’re
visiting
always
seems
so
much
more
interesting
than
where
you
live. 3 .You
just
haven’t
bothered
to
look
properly
since
it’s
been
there
all
along.Open
your
eyes.What
have
you
been
missing??
Acceptallinvitations.Even
if
you’re
not
that
keen
on
the
people
going,try
giving
them
a
chance
and
go
and
hang
out
with
them
anyway. 4 —just
once
in
a
while.?
Planatrip.Instead
of
spending
your
weekend
at
home,plan
a
trip
for
a
2-day
getaway.You
don’t
have
to
take
time
off
work
and
it
doesn’t
have
to
be
expensive.It
can
even
be
half
an
hour
away
where
you
spend
the
entire
weekend
in
a
hotel
basking(晒太阳)
in
the
room
service. 5 .?
A.Just
go
out
and
have
fun
B.It
doesn’t
have
to
be
all
the
time
C.There
are
often
many
local
events
going
on
D.So
you
might
as
well
stay
for
a
few
days
E.It’s
a
chance
to
relax
and
learn
something
special
F.Try
to
think
of
one
thing
each
day
you
can
do
differently
G.But
in
reality,there
is
probably
much
to
do
around
where
you
live
参考答案
15
选择性必修第三册 UNIT3 阅读题
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了PMGY为志愿者提供的一些志愿者服务机会的信息。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Foundedin2011,PlanMyGapYear(PMGY)offerstheworld’smostaffordableplacementsfortravellerswhowouldliketovolunteerabroadinchildcare,Englishteaching,wildlifeconservation,communityprojects,andmentalhealthprojects.”可知,PMGY成立于2011年,为那些想在海外自愿从事儿童保育、英语教学、野生动植物保护、社区项目和心理健康项目的旅行者提供世界上最实惠的实习机会。由此可知,PMGY可以为志愿者提供国外志愿者服务机会,故选C项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据ProjectinVietnam部分中的“TraveltoVietnamandgainexperienceinmarketingandpromotion!”可知,越南项目可以让人获得营销和推广的经验,故选C项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据ProjectinSriLanka部分中的“whaleconservation”和“Youcanstayfromtwoweekstooversixmonths,and...yourfirsttwoweeksabroadcostonly$400.”可知,在ProjectinSriLanka中有保护鲸鱼的工作,至少需要缴纳400美元的费用,故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。英国一男子带着自己的宠物狗行走了3500英里,沿海岸线一边走一边捡垃圾,累计清理了50吨垃圾。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Johnsufferedakindofdiseaseformanyyearsbutwasanavidwalkerandlovedcoastalpaths.”可知,Wayne的父亲生前喜欢在海边散步。
5.B 词义猜测题。根据下文提到的“...rubbishonthebeacheswhichthengetswashedouttoseacausingmarinepollution.”可知,这些垃圾被冲到海里,造成海洋污染。由此推测,该词的意思是“扔掉”,所以选B项。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“andI’vebeenastonishedwithhowmuchrubbishIhavepickedup”可知,他对自己收集了那么多的垃圾感到吃惊,所以选A项。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“...andweareindesperateneedofmorebinsdownthereandforpeopletostarttakingownershipoftheirtrash.”可知,海滩上急需更多的垃圾箱,所以选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了素有“长江熊猫”之称的中华鲟灭绝的原因。
8.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ScientistssaytheChinesepaddlefishanditscloserelativeshavebeenaroundforatleast200millionyears.”可知,科学家说中华鲟和它的近亲已经存在了至少2亿年,所以中华鲟是一个古老的物种。
9.D 主旨大意题。阅读第四段内容可知,本段介绍了导致中华鲟最终灭绝的主要原因:葛洲坝阻断了中华鲟的迁徙之路,导致其无法正常繁殖,所以选D项。
10.C 观点态度题。最后一段提到,她认为,中华鲟的灭绝应该为保护其他淡水物种敲响警钟。向前迈进,我们需要平衡人类的需要与河流和海洋中的生命的需要。人类不应该独自生活在这个星球上。由此可推断,她对中华鲟的灭绝感到担忧。
11.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要聚焦于“人为的环境破坏导致中华鲟的灭绝”。由此推测,这篇文章最有可能出现在环境版面。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。自2020年5月1日起,北京开始实施强制垃圾分类,以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定,说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题,以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.”可知,据新华社报道,没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款
13.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste...,it’spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.”可知,只有30%的受访者表示,他们认为自己已经完全对垃圾进行了分类……部分原因是许多人不愿意对自己的垃圾进行分类。由此可知,中国垃圾分类的问题是有些人嫌垃圾分类麻烦。
14.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,清华大学刘教授在接受《中国日报》采访时表示“推广垃圾分类必须有法律保障”。由此可推知,他认为需要制定一些垃圾分类的法律。
15.A 主旨大意题。文章的第一段提到,自5月1日起,北京开始实施强制垃圾分类,以更好地保护环境。根据新规定,居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类:厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和其他垃圾。据新华社报道,没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。由此可知,A选项“垃圾分类,中国的新起点”最符合文章标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了让你的生活忙碌而刺激的几种方式,值得一试。
1.F 根据后面语境“Whetherit’stakingadifferentroutehome,orcallingupafriendyouhaven’tspokentoinyears,giveitatry.”可知,试着每天想一件你可以做得不同的事情,故选F项。
2.C 根据空后的“especiallyinsummer,whichdon’tinvolvespendingmuchoranymoney”可判断,当地经常发生许多事情,故选C项。
3.G 根据本段主题句“Exploreyourhometown.”与空后的“Youjusthaven’tbotheredtolookproperlysinceit’sbeenthereallalong.Openyoureyes.Whathaveyoubeenmissing?”可判断,但实际上,在你居住的地方可能有很多事情要做,故选G项。
4.B 根据空后的“justonceinawhile”可判断,不一定要一直这样,故选B项。
5.A 根据空前的“Youdon’thavetotaketimeoffworkanditdoesn’thavetobeexpensive.Itcanevenbehalfanhourawaywhereyouspendtheentireweekendinahotelbaskingintheroomservice.”可判断,就是出去,玩得开心,故选A项。
选择性必修第三册 UNIT3阅读题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Founded
in
2011,Plan
My
Gap
Year(PMGY)
offers
the
world’s
most
affordable
placements
for
travellers
who
would
like
to
volunteer
abroad
in
childcare,English
teaching,wildlife
conservation,community
projects,and
mental
health
projects.Since
93%
of
PMGY’s
participants
are
alone,this
organization
is
a
great
fit
for
people
who
will
be
volunteering
alone.
ProjectinBali
Bali
Indonesia
volunteer
program,where
you
can
care
for
children
in
need,and
teach
English
in
a
classroom.Based
in
Tabanan,PMGY’s
Bali
volunteer
abroad
program
is
extremely
affordable,starting
from
just
$330
for
your
first
two
weeks
onsite.
ProjectinVietnam
Travel
to
Vietnam
and
gain
experience
in
marketing
and
promotion!Put
your
writing
and
social
media
skills
to
great
use
while
you
learn
about
economic,environmental,and
social
issues(问题)
in
the
developing
world.Program
fees
start
at
only
$435
for
two
weeks,and
you’re
invited
to
stay
up
to
six
months.
ProjectinGhana
If
you
have
always
dreamed
of
visiting
Africa,PMGY
has
many
different
meaningful
volunteer
projects
in
Ghana,including
supporting
disabled
children,teaching
English,and
providing
medical
care.This
program
starts
from
only
$375
for
your
first
two
weeks
in
Ghana,and
you
can
stay
up
to
six
months.
ProjectinSriLanka
Located
in
Ambalangoda,the
southern
province
of
Sri
Lanka,this
program
invites
you
on
several
different
volunteer
experiences,including
childcare,English
teaching,medical
care,and
whale
conservation.You
can
stay
from
two
weeks
to
over
six
months,and
depending
on
the
project
you
sign
up
for,your
first
two
weeks
abroad
cost
only
$400.
1.What
can
Plan
My
Gap
Year
do?
A.Teach
volunteers
to
work
alone.
B.Find
volunteers’
different
interests.
C.Offer
volunteers
abroad
opportunities.
D.Introduce
affordable
travels
to
tourists.
2.In
which
project
can
participants
gain
selling
skills?
A.Project
in
Bali.
B.Project
in
Ghana.
C.Project
in
Vietnam.
D.Project
in
Sri
Lanka.
3.How
much
will
one
pay
at
least
for
a
project
with
animal
protection?
A.$435.
B.$400.
C.$375.
D.$330.
B
Army
veteran
Wayne
Dixon
and
his
dog
Koda
have
collected
50
tons
of
rubbish
so
far
on
an
epic
litter
pick
around
Britain.
Wayne,47,along
with
Koda,eight,has
already
filled
10,000
bin
bags
and
the
pair
are
still
only
half
way
into
their
trip
along
the
coastline.They
set
out
from
their
home
in
Lancashire
almost
three
years
ago
and
have
covered
3,500
miles
so
far
after
crossing
off
Scotland,Wales,Devon
and
Cornwall.They
have
now
made
their
way
along
the
South
coast
to
Brighton
where
Wayne
joined
a
party
of
litter
pickers
for
the
Silent
Disco
Beach
Clean
to
help
remove
thousands
more
discarded
items.The
pair’s
series
of
walks
are
in
memory
of
Wayne’s
father
John,who
died
in
2012.Funds
are
being
raised
for
the
mental
health
charity
Mind.John
suffered
a
kind
of
disease
for
many
years
but
was
an
avid
walker
and
loved
coastal
paths.
Wayne,who
is
also
backed
by
Keep
Britain
Tidy,said,“You
would
think
the
environmental
message
about
the
harm
caused
by
littering
would
have
hit
home
by
now
but
people
still
discard
rubbish
on
the
beaches
which
then
gets
washed
out
to
sea
causing
marine
pollution.I’m
halfway
through
my
journey
round
the
coast
of
Britain
and
I’ve
been
astonished
with
how
much
rubbish
I
have
picked
up.It
is
truly
shocking
that
the
message
is
still
not
getting
to
some
people.”
Amy
Gibson,organiser
of
the
Brighton
clean-up,said,“Over
100
volunteers
joined
in
and
in
just
two
hours
we
removed
over
60
kilos
of
litter
from
the
area
in
little
over
half
a
mile.Over
50,000
people
visited
Brighton
beach
on
Saturday—the
hottest
day
of
the
year
so
far—and
we
are
in
desperate
need
of
more
bins
down
there
and
for
people
to
start
taking
ownership
of
their
trash.”
On
his
epic
journey,Wayne
has
been
giving
talks
to
children
in
schools
and
community
groups
about
the
need
to
drum
home
the
environmental
message
and
stop
littering.Despite
having
3,500
miles
to
go,Wayne
aims
to
take
a
short
break
from
the
coast
to
embark
on
“Wayne’s
Walk
to
Westminster”
where
he
aims
to
deliver
a
letter
to
the
Prime
Minister
urging
tougher
penalties
for
litterbugs.
4.What
do
we
know
about
Wayne’s
father?
A.He
liked
to
collect
rubbish.
B.He
loved
walking
along
the
coast.
C.He
used
to
be
an
environmentalist.
D.He
worked
for
the
mental
health
charity
Mind.
5.The
underlined
word
“discard”
(Paragraph
3)
most
probably
means
.?
A.pick
up
B.throw
away
C.take
away
D.bring
up
6.How
does
Wayne
feel
about
the
rubbish
collected?
A.Shocked.
B.Worried.
C.Satisfied.
D.Disappointed.
7.What
can
we
infer
from
the
fourth
paragraph?
A.There
are
not
enough
dustbins
on
the
beach.
B.Over
50,000
volunteers
took
part
in
the
activity
on
Saturday.
C.Tourists’
awareness
of
environmental
protection
has
greatly
improved.
D.More
and
more
volunteers
come
to
work
on
Brighton
beach
every
day.
C
A
research
paper
recently
reported
that
the
Chinese
paddlefish
(中华鲟)—one
of
the
world’s
largest
freshwater
fish—has
been
declared
extinct.
Scientists
say
the
Chinese
paddlefish
and
its
close
relatives
have
been
around
for
at
least
200
million
years.The
species,reaching
up
to
seven
meters
in
length,survived
unimaginable
changes,such
as
the
mass
extinction
that
killed
the
dinosaurs.But
there’s
one
phenomenon
this
ancient
species,sometimes
called
the
“panda
of
the
Yangtze”,could
not
survive
humans.
Their
huge
size
and
plentiful
flesh
made
them
a
popular
target
for
fishermen
and
a
welcome
addition
to
inner
tables
in
China.In
the
1970s,25
tons
of
paddlefish
were
harvested
per
year
on
average.
But
the
construction
of
the
Gezhouba
Dam
on
the
Yangtze
forever
changed
the
Yangtze
River
habitat
of
paddlefish,because
it
was
constructed
without
a
fish
ladder
or
sideway
and
cut
off
the
paddlefish
from
their
only
breeding
(繁殖)
grounds
upstream.Populations
of
the
fish
continued
to
decrease
after
the
completion
of
the
dam
in
1981,but
nobody
had
yet
figured
out
how
terrible
the
situation
was.As
is
often
the
case,there
can
be
a
significant
delay
between
major
disturbances
and
their
consequence.The
researchers
say
the
fish
had
become
functionally
extinct
by
1993,meaning
there
were
not
enough
fish
to
meaningfully
reproduce.
Ms
Pan
is
an
ocean
expert
with
Greenpeace
East
Asia.She
told
The
Associated
Press
the
extinction
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish
was
“a
huge
loss”
for
nature.She
said
the
development
confirms
that
the
Yangtze
River
is
experiencing
major
environmental
damage.
“The
ecosystem
of
the
Yangtze
River
is
close
to
its
breaking
point
due
to
human
activity
in
past
decades,”
Pan
said.“The
paddlefish’s
extinction
should
serve
as
a
wake-up
call
to
protect
other
freshwater
species.Moving
forward,we
need
to
balance
the
needs
of
humans
with
the
needs
of
life
in
rivers
and
seas.Humans
should
not
live
alone
on
this
planet.”
8.What
can
we
say
about
the
Chinese
paddlefish?
A.It
is
the
largest
fish.
B.It
appeared
earlier
than
dinosaurs.
C.It
is
a
kind
of
ancient
fish.
D.It
was
a
welcome
dish
for
the
fishermen.
9.What
is
Paragraph
4
mainly
about?
A.The
design
problems
of
the
Gezhouba
Dam.
B.The
worsening
ecosystem
in
the
Yangtze
River.
C.The
population
development
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish.
D.The
main
reason
for
the
dying
out
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish.
10.How
does
Ms
Pan
feel
about
the
extinction
of
the
Chinese
paddlefish?
A.Angry.
B.Doubtful.
C.Worried.
D.Unconcerned.
11.In
which
section
of
The
Associated
Press
may
this
text
most
probably
appear?
A.Environment.
B.Science.
C.Culture.
D.Tourism.
D
If
the
three
Rs(reduce,reuse
and
recycle)
is
a
guideline
to
save
the
planet,garbage-sorting
is
where
the
efforts
start.Since
May
1,Beijing
has
started
to
carry
out
mandatory
garbage-sorting
in
new
efforts
to
better
protect
the
environment.Under
the
new
regulation,residents
are
required
to
classify
household
waste
into
four
categories:kitchen,recyclable,hazardous
and
other
waste.People
who
fail
to
sort
their
garbage
properly
can
be
fined
from
50
to
200
yuan,reported
Xinhua.
Some
residential
communities
in
Beijing
have
introduced
rewards
to
encourage
residents
to
sort
their
garbage.According
to
Xinhua,residents
can
earn
points
by
classifying
their
domestic
waste
correctly
and
then
exchange
the
points
they
accumulate
for
daily
necessities
such
as
soap.
Garbage
sorting
practices
have
reached
over
70
percent
of
housing
estates
in
18
cities,including
Shanghai,Xiamen
and
Hangzhou,according
to
the
Ministry
of
Housing
and
Urban-Rural
Development.Shanghai
first
enacted
a
mandatory
garbage-sorting
regulation
in
July
2019
and
has
had
a
90
percent
compliance
(服从)
rate
among
its
housing
estates.
According
to
a
report
by
the
Ministry
of
Ecology
and
Environment,over
90
percent
of
the
public
believe
that
garbage-sorting
is
important
for
the
protection
of
the
environment.However,garbage-sorting
is
still
a
big
problem
in
China.Only
30
percent
of
participants
said
they
think
they
are
completely
sorting
their
waste,the
report
noted.According
to
Xinhua,it’s
partly
because
many
people
lack
the
willingness
to
sort
their
own
waste.Also,some
previous
garbage
regulations
didn’t
include
fines
for
people
who
failed
to
obey
them.
“It’s
a
must
to
have
a
legal
guarantee
to
promote
garbage
sorting,”
Mr.Liu,a
professor
from
Tsinghua
University,told
ChinaDaily,“Aside
from
China,many
countries
like
Germany,Spain
and
Britain,also
ask
people
to
sort
waste
into
specific
categories.In
Japan,there
is
a
fixed
time
for
the
sorting
of
each
kind
of
garbage
and
littering.”
12.What
can
we
learn
about
the
new
regulation
in
Beijing?
A.It
hasn’t
been
put
into
use
yet.
B.Residents
can
sort
the
garbage
as
they
like.
C.People
can
get
money
if
they
classify
their
domestic
waste
correctly.
D.Those
who
can’t
sort
the
garbage
as
the
new
rule
requires
shall
be
fined.
13.What’s
the
problem
in
garbage
sorting
in
China?
A.Most
people
are
unaware
of
its
importance
in
protecting
environment.
B.Some
people
don’t
want
to
take
the
trouble
to
sort
the
garbage.
C.Only
residents
in
big
cities
can
sort
the
trash
correctly.
D.The
government
doesn’t
have
enough
money
to
support
garbage
sorting.
14.What
can
we
infer
from
Mr.Liu’s
words?
A.It’s
difficult
to
carry
out
garbage
sorting
in
China.
B.Some
laws
in
garbage-sorting
are
needed.
C.People
in
developed
countries
can
better
sort
the
garbage.
D.We
should
learn
from
Japan.
15.What’s
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.Garbage
Sorting,a
New
Start
in
China
B.New
Regulations
in
Beijing
C.Argument
on
Garbage
Sorting
D.How
to
Sort
Domestic
Garbage
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
KeepingYourLifeBusyandExciting
Shakeupyourroutine.It
doesn’t
matter
if
other
people
think
you’re
interesting;it
only
matters
if
you
think
you’re
interesting. 1 .Whether
it’s
taking
a
different
route
home,or
calling
up
a
friend
you
haven’t
spoken
to
in
years,give
it
a
try.It’s
about
surprising
yourself,not
other
people.?
Findlocaleventssuchasmarkets,festivals,andmusiceventstoattend.Pick
out
things
in
your
area
which
you
think
might
be
interesting
and
give
them
a
visit. 2 ,especially
in
summer,which
don’t
involve
spending
much
or
any
money.By
doing
these
things
which
aren’t
part
of
your
routine,you’ll
keep
yourself
surprised
and
energized.?
Exploreyourhometown.When
you
go
on
holiday
anywhere,the
place
you’re
visiting
always
seems
so
much
more
interesting
than
where
you
live. 3 .You
just
haven’t
bothered
to
look
properly
since
it’s
been
there
all
along.Open
your
eyes.What
have
you
been
missing??
Acceptallinvitations.Even
if
you’re
not
that
keen
on
the
people
going,try
giving
them
a
chance
and
go
and
hang
out
with
them
anyway. 4 —just
once
in
a
while.?
Planatrip.Instead
of
spending
your
weekend
at
home,plan
a
trip
for
a
2-day
getaway.You
don’t
have
to
take
time
off
work
and
it
doesn’t
have
to
be
expensive.It
can
even
be
half
an
hour
away
where
you
spend
the
entire
weekend
in
a
hotel
basking(晒太阳)
in
the
room
service. 5 .?
A.Just
go
out
and
have
fun
B.It
doesn’t
have
to
be
all
the
time
C.There
are
often
many
local
events
going
on
D.So
you
might
as
well
stay
for
a
few
days
E.It’s
a
chance
to
relax
and
learn
something
special
F.Try
to
think
of
one
thing
each
day
you
can
do
differently
G.But
in
reality,there
is
probably
much
to
do
around
where
you
live
参考答案
15
选择性必修第三册 UNIT3 阅读题
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了PMGY为志愿者提供的一些志愿者服务机会的信息。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Foundedin2011,PlanMyGapYear(PMGY)offerstheworld’smostaffordableplacementsfortravellerswhowouldliketovolunteerabroadinchildcare,Englishteaching,wildlifeconservation,communityprojects,andmentalhealthprojects.”可知,PMGY成立于2011年,为那些想在海外自愿从事儿童保育、英语教学、野生动植物保护、社区项目和心理健康项目的旅行者提供世界上最实惠的实习机会。由此可知,PMGY可以为志愿者提供国外志愿者服务机会,故选C项。
2.C 细节理解题。根据ProjectinVietnam部分中的“TraveltoVietnamandgainexperienceinmarketingandpromotion!”可知,越南项目可以让人获得营销和推广的经验,故选C项。
3.B 细节理解题。根据ProjectinSriLanka部分中的“whaleconservation”和“Youcanstayfromtwoweekstooversixmonths,and...yourfirsttwoweeksabroadcostonly$400.”可知,在ProjectinSriLanka中有保护鲸鱼的工作,至少需要缴纳400美元的费用,故选B项。
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。英国一男子带着自己的宠物狗行走了3500英里,沿海岸线一边走一边捡垃圾,累计清理了50吨垃圾。
4.B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Johnsufferedakindofdiseaseformanyyearsbutwasanavidwalkerandlovedcoastalpaths.”可知,Wayne的父亲生前喜欢在海边散步。
5.B 词义猜测题。根据下文提到的“...rubbishonthebeacheswhichthengetswashedouttoseacausingmarinepollution.”可知,这些垃圾被冲到海里,造成海洋污染。由此推测,该词的意思是“扔掉”,所以选B项。
6.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“andI’vebeenastonishedwithhowmuchrubbishIhavepickedup”可知,他对自己收集了那么多的垃圾感到吃惊,所以选A项。
7.A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“...andweareindesperateneedofmorebinsdownthereandforpeopletostarttakingownershipoftheirtrash.”可知,海滩上急需更多的垃圾箱,所以选A项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了素有“长江熊猫”之称的中华鲟灭绝的原因。
8.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ScientistssaytheChinesepaddlefishanditscloserelativeshavebeenaroundforatleast200millionyears.”可知,科学家说中华鲟和它的近亲已经存在了至少2亿年,所以中华鲟是一个古老的物种。
9.D 主旨大意题。阅读第四段内容可知,本段介绍了导致中华鲟最终灭绝的主要原因:葛洲坝阻断了中华鲟的迁徙之路,导致其无法正常繁殖,所以选D项。
10.C 观点态度题。最后一段提到,她认为,中华鲟的灭绝应该为保护其他淡水物种敲响警钟。向前迈进,我们需要平衡人类的需要与河流和海洋中的生命的需要。人类不应该独自生活在这个星球上。由此可推断,她对中华鲟的灭绝感到担忧。
11.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要聚焦于“人为的环境破坏导致中华鲟的灭绝”。由此推测,这篇文章最有可能出现在环境版面。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。自2020年5月1日起,北京开始实施强制垃圾分类,以更好地保护环境。文章介绍了这一政策的相关规定,说明了如今中国垃圾分类的现状和存在的一些问题,以及其他人对于中国垃圾分类的一些看法。
12.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Peoplewhofailtosorttheirgarbageproperlycanbefinedfrom50to200yuan,reportedXinhua.”可知,据新华社报道,没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款
13.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Only30percentofparticipantssaidtheythinktheyarecompletelysortingtheirwaste...,it’spartlybecausemanypeoplelackthewillingnesstosorttheirownwaste.”可知,只有30%的受访者表示,他们认为自己已经完全对垃圾进行了分类……部分原因是许多人不愿意对自己的垃圾进行分类。由此可知,中国垃圾分类的问题是有些人嫌垃圾分类麻烦。
14.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,清华大学刘教授在接受《中国日报》采访时表示“推广垃圾分类必须有法律保障”。由此可推知,他认为需要制定一些垃圾分类的法律。
15.A 主旨大意题。文章的第一段提到,自5月1日起,北京开始实施强制垃圾分类,以更好地保护环境。根据新规定,居民需要将生活垃圾分为四类:厨房垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和其他垃圾。据新华社报道,没有对垃圾进行分类的人将被处以50元到200元的罚款。由此可知,A选项“垃圾分类,中国的新起点”最符合文章标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了让你的生活忙碌而刺激的几种方式,值得一试。
1.F 根据后面语境“Whetherit’stakingadifferentroutehome,orcallingupafriendyouhaven’tspokentoinyears,giveitatry.”可知,试着每天想一件你可以做得不同的事情,故选F项。
2.C 根据空后的“especiallyinsummer,whichdon’tinvolvespendingmuchoranymoney”可判断,当地经常发生许多事情,故选C项。
3.G 根据本段主题句“Exploreyourhometown.”与空后的“Youjusthaven’tbotheredtolookproperlysinceit’sbeenthereallalong.Openyoureyes.Whathaveyoubeenmissing?”可判断,但实际上,在你居住的地方可能有很多事情要做,故选G项。
4.B 根据空后的“justonceinawhile”可判断,不一定要一直这样,故选B项。
5.A 根据空前的“Youdon’thavetotaketimeoffworkanditdoesn’thavetobeexpensive.Itcanevenbehalfanhourawaywhereyouspendtheentireweekendinahotelbaskingintheroomservice.”可判断,就是出去,玩得开心,故选A项。