2022届一轮复习高考英语人教版（2019）：选择性必修一 Unit1 People of Achievement阅读专练（含解析）

9
选择性必修第一册　UNIT1阅读题
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
New
York’s
best
classes
for
kids
include
sports
classes,performing
arts
classes,art
classes,language
programs
and
baby
classes.Make
sure
your
kids
are
ready
for
new
adventures
with
these
super-cool
offerings!
92ndStreetYClasses
At
this
institution
your
musician
can
learn
how
to
play
an
instrument.After-school
classes
examine
different
musical
pieces
and
encourage
work
in
a
group
setting.At
the
end
of
the
program,mini
Mozarts
can
impress
their
family
and
friends
at
open-house
performances.Plus,when
they’re
not
jamming(干扰),kids
can
take
advantage
of
homework
help
in
the
Clubhouse,where
they
are
divided
up
by
grade
level.Ages
5-15.
TheCliffsatLIC
After
a
day
of
fighting
the
academic
obstacle
course
at
school,your
favorite
achievers
can
reach
new
heights
on
a
rock-climbing
wall.The
Cliffs’
offerings
allow
developing
bodies
to
build
muscle
strength.For
example,introductory
sessions
teach
climbers
how
to
tie
safety
knots(结)
as
well
as
other
basics,mastering
them
with
hands-on
games
and
activities.The
Cliffs
at
LIC,Long
Island
City.Ages
6-18.
StatenIslandSkatingPavilion
This
large
area
maintains
its
year-round
frosty
temperatures
for
ice-skating
fun.Courses
are
offered
every
day
for
a
variety
of
interests
and
skill
levels,and
public
and
freestyle
sessions
are
available
for
children
who
want
to
spend
some
afternoons
there
without
instruction.Ages
4
and
up.
WestSideYMCA
If
your
child
wants
to
learn
how
to
swim,you’d
be
pressed
to
find
more
options
than
those
offered
at
the
Y.Kids
are
grouped
by
age
and
capability.The
courses
cover
personal
safety
and
stroke
techniques.If
your
offspring
prefer
dry
land,the
Y
also
offers
dance,basketball
and
football.Visit
the
website
for
class
descriptions
and
detailed
price
information.Ages
5-18.
1.Who
is
the
passage
intended
for?
A.Elementary
school
teachers.
B.Children
around
school
age.
C.Families
looking
for
attraction.
D.Parents
with
under-age
children.
2.Which
event
will
you
attend
for
occasional
academic
help?
A.The
Cliffs
at
LIC.
B.West
Side
YMCA.
C.92nd
Street
Y
Classes.
D.Staten
Island
Skating
Pavilion.
3.What
does
Staten
Island
Skating
Pavilion
provide?
A.A
mini
open-house
performance
at
the
end
of
the
program.
B.Cold
temperatures
all
the
year
round
for
ice-skating.
C.Teaching
of
skating
in
divided
groups
according
to
their
age.
D.Introductory
lessons
on
how
to
overcome
the
learning
obstacles.
B
LivingLifetoItsFullest
On
the
afternoon
of
September
10,2001,everything
changed
when
my
friend’s
car
hit
a
wall
with
me
inside.I
lost
most
of
my
right
leg,and
I
was
left
bleeding
with
several
broken
bones.At
the
hospital,although
my
body
was
weak,my
mind
was
still
very
clear.I
just
kept
telling
myself
to
hold
on.A
week
later,I
made
a
deal
with
the
doctors
that
once
I
could
roll
onto
my
side,I
could
leave.Two
weeks
later,I
was
allowed
to
go
home.
Although
I
left
the
hospital,the
fight
was
far
from
over.My
left
knee
was
badly
injured,which
resulted
in
different
operations
over
the
next
few
years.
And
soon,more
of
my
right
leg
had
to
be
removed.This
made
it
harder
to
wear
my
false
leg,so
I
donated
it
to
a
nurse
who
couldn’t
afford
one
for
herself.The
joy
of
being
able
to
provide
this
gift
for
someone
else
was
greater
than
the
happiness
I
felt
on
any
day
I
was
able
to
wear
it
myself.
People
often
tell
me
they’re
proud
of
me
for
staying
strong.But
in
my
mind,staying
strong
has
always
been
my
only
choice.So,on
the
day
I
left
the
hospital,I
made
a
promise
to
myself
to
always
live
life
to
the
fullest.Now,I
may
not
be
able
to
do
things
the
way
everybody
else
does
them,but
still,I
always
find
a
way
to
do
them.I
soon
settled
into
everyday
life
again,until
one
day
I
realized
I
wasn’t
living
my
life
as
fully
as
I
wanted
to.
After
13
years
of
thinking
that
I
was
confident,I
had
an
unfamiliar
feeling
sweep
over
me.For
the
first
time
in
my
life,I
was
not
only
confident
but
I
wanted
to
help
those
around
me.
In
2014,I
even
started
modeling.My
dream
is
that
one
day
a
little
girl
will
see
me
in
a
magazine
and
say,“Wow,she’s
beautiful,and
she
only
has
one
leg.I
could
do
that
too
someday,even
though
I
have
a
disability.”
My
dream
is
simple:to
inspire
every
man,woman,and
child
into
knowing
and
believing
that
they
are
beautiful
just
the
way
they
are.
4.How
did
the
author
feel
after
the
car
accident?
A.She
complained
that
life
was
unfair
to
her.
B.She
was
unable
to
accept
the
loss
of
her
leg.
C.She
kept
a
positive
attitude
toward
life.
D.She
felt
lucky
that
she
was
still
alive.
5.Why
did
the
author
feel
happy
in
Paragraph
3?
A.She
was
able
to
offer
help
to
others.
B.She
could
wear
her
false
leg
again.
C.She
had
lived
her
life
to
the
fullest.
D.She
could
do
everyday
things
the
same
as
everybody
else.
6.Why
did
the
author
begin
modeling
in
2014?
A.She
wanted
to
be
a
famous
magazine
star.
B.She
wanted
to
encourage
others
to
be
confident
about
themselves.
C.She
wanted
to
challenge
herself
to
be
a
speaker.
D.She
wanted
to
prove
that
disabled
people
could
also
succeed.
7.What
was
the
author’s
main
purpose
in
writing
the
article?
A.To
stress
the
importance
of
having
a
dream.
B.To
show
how
difficult
the
life
is
for
disabled
people.
C.To
inspire
others
by
sharing
her
past
experiences.
D.To
give
advice
to
disabled
people
on
how
to
make
a
living.
C
Pycnandra
acuminata(喜树)
is
a
rare
tree
native
to
New
Caledonia
that
has
the
rare
ability
to
collect
heavy
metals
like
nickel(镍)from
the
ground.The
liquid
circulated
in
its
body
is
blue-green
and
reportedly
contains
up
to
25%
nickel.
In
general,trees
and
heavy
metals
like
nickel
don’t
really
go
well
together.But
Pycnandra
acuminata
makes
them
live
together.And
that’s
what
makes
Pycnandra
acuminata
so
special.It
sucks
out
normally
poisonous
levels
of
heavy
metals
from
the
soil
and
store
them
in
its
trunk,leaves
and
seeds.
The
evolution
of
Pycnandra
acuminata
is
believed
to
have
occurred
over
millions
of
years,but
scientists
have
yet
to
identify
a
universal
principle
of
nickel
intake
and
storage.The
reason
why
such
trees
have
formed
the
way
of
absorbing
metals
is
also
up
for
debate.
The
most
popular
theory
states
that
the
concentration
of
nickel
protects
such
trees
from
leaf-chewing
insects.And
studies
have
shown
that
nickel
accumulated
by
these
trees
indeed
harms
many
insects
though
some
have
developed
a
high
tolerance
to
it.Another
theory
says
nickel
has
effects
of
resisting
bacteria,which
protects
the
trees
from
various
diseases.However,these
theories
are
all
just
theories.
One
thing
that
has
been
proven
is
the
ability
of
Pycnandra
acuminata
to
clean
the
soil
with
poisonous
materials
caused
by
human
activity.There’s
also
clear
potential
for
collecting
heavy
materials
like
nickel
in
these
kinds
of
soils
that
will
bring
a
few
profits
by
conventional
ways
of
mining.People
can
collect
minerals
contained
in
such
soils
from
the
blue-green
trees.
Unfortunately,Pycnandra
acuminata
is
recently
in
a
bad
situation.Human
activity
in
forests
of
New
Caledonia
has
made
Pycnandra
acuminata
in
danger.Consequently,probably
fewer
than
several
hundred
trees
of
this
kind
have
remained
as
a
result
of
the
reduction
of
our
forests.
8.What
do
we
know
about
Pycnandra
acuminata?
A.It
has
a
blue-green
color
due
to
metals
collected.
B.It
is
able
to
collect
some
heavy
metals
from
the
ground.
C.It
sucks
out
a
great
deal
of
poisonous
underground
water.
D.It
tends
to
grow
in
the
soil
with
plenty
of
poisonous
liquid.
9.What
do
the
theories
in
Paragraph
4
say
about
Pycnandra
acuminata?
A.It
indeed
protects
many
insects.
B.It
stores
most
nickel
in
its
roots.
C.It
protects
itself
through
the
concentration
of
nickel.
D.It
makes
its
surrounding
plants
suffer
from
diseases.
10.What
does
the
author
mainly
want
to
express
in
the
last
paragraph?
A.Pycnandra
acuminata
is
in
danger.
B.Forests
are
to
blame
for
the
reduction
of
trees.
C.Forests
are
decreasing
as
a
result
of
human
activity.
D.Pycnandra
acuminata
is
under
the
protection
of
people.
11.In
which
section
of
a
magazine
is
this
text
most
likely
to
appear?
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.Bacteria
and
disease.
B.Health
and
life.
C.Fashion
and
entertainment.
D.Man
and
nature.
D
The
U.S.is
still
out
in
front
of
global
competitors
when
it
comes
to
innovation
(革新),but
American
universities—where
new
ideas
often
spread—have
reason
to
look
over
their
shoulders.?
That’s
especially
true
for
technologies
like
5G
phone
networks
and
artificial
intelligence
and
they’re
exactly
the
fields
where
the
U.S.has
to
lead—and
also
the
ones
where
Asia,especially
China,is
catching
up.Universities
from
China
get
more
patents
than
their
U.S.peers
in
wireless
communications,according
to
research
firm
GreyB
Services.In
AI,17
of
the
top
20
universities
and
public
research
organizations
are
in
China,with
the
Chinese
Academy
of
Sciences
topping
the
list,says
the
World
Intellectual
Property
Organization
in
Geneva.
There’s
a
special
place
for
universities
in
the
development
of
science.Universities
educate
future
scientists
and
can
be
incubators
(孵化器)
for
pie-in-the-sky
ideas—some
of
which
turn
out
to
be
game-changers.The
list
ranges
from
search
engines
to
DNA
technology
that’s
behind
a
whole
industry
of
gene-manipulating
(基因编辑)
treatments.
However,government
aids
to
universities
haven’t
been
growing
for
more
than
a
decade,meaning
they’ve
declined
in
real
terms
and
as
a
share
of
the
economy,leading
to
the
cost
increase
for
universities
and
meanwhile
somehow
discouraging
the
teaching
staff
from
putting
all
their
hearts
into
their
scientific
research.
“If
you
look
at
the
federal
dollars,they’ve
not
really
changed
considerably,”
says
Stephen
Susalka,head
of
AUTM,a
technology
transfer
association
whose
members
include
800
universities.“Other
countries
are
catching
up.We
can’t
be
satisfied
with
what
we
have
achieved.”
12.What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“look
over
their
shoulders”
in
Paragraph
1
mean?
A.Watch
out.
B.Take
off.
C.Stand
up.
D.Hide
away.
13.The
author
mentions
5G
phone
networks
in
Paragraph
2
to
show
　　　.?
A.Chinese
universities
have
obtained
more
patents
than
other
countries
B.the
Chinese
government
provides
aids
to
Chinese
universities
C.wireless
communications
are
changed
dramatically
these
years
D.U.S.universities
may
lose
their
lead
in
some
high-tech
fields
14.What
is
the
main
idea
of
Paragraph
3?
A.Universities
can
be
birthplaces
of
game
programmers.
B.Pie-in-the-sky
ideas
from
universities
can
be
revolutionary.
C.Universities
play
an
important
role
in
science
development.
D.Gene-manipulation
helps
to
develop
DNA
technology.
15.What’s
Stephen
Susalka’s
attitude
towards
the
future
development
of
U.S.universities?
A.Worried.
B.Disapproving.
C.Positive.
D.Unconcerned.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Some
high
school
students
think
it
useless
to
receive
higher
education.　1　
If
you’re
one
of
them,think
again.Here
are
some
reasons
why
you
should
go
to
college
and
receive
a
good
education
there.?
　2　
We
take
that
knowledge
later
on
to
build
our
careers
after
graduation.More
knowledge
will
be
gained
after
you
start
working
but
without
education,that
job
will
not
be
within
easy
reach.Knowledge
leads
to
knowledge.?
While
limited
within
the
walls
of
the
educational
places,we
openly
explore
other
cultures
of
the
world!　3　
Other
cultures
have
valuable
things
to
share,enriching
our
own.Education
also
makes
us
want
to
travel
and
exchange
with
various
cultures,getting
more
experience.When
there’s
a
recession(衰退)
in
the
economy,those
who
attended
college
will
be
more
likely
to
find
a
new
job
than
those
who
only
finished
high
school
and
have
a
limited
skill
set.The
more
education
you
have,the
more
chances
you
will
get
to
improve
the
quality
of
your
life
as
you
have
a
better
job
and
earn
a
higher
salary.?
When
you’re
skillful
and
knowledgeable,you
gain
access
to
people
of
similar
backgrounds
and
tastes.　4　
Good
networking
can
benefit
you
a
lot
in
your
later
life.?
　5　
You
can
talk
about
ideas
and
events
instead
of
just
other
people
and
what’s
on
sale
in
stores.An
educated
person
doesn’t
gossip
(说闲话),preferring
to
discuss
ideas
and
listen
to
what
other
people
have
to
say.?
A.Therefore,they
choose
not
to
go
to
college.
B.We
come
to
know
that
ours
is
not
the
only
culture.
C.There
is
a
negative
side
to
earning
a
good
education
too.
D.A
good
education
makes
you
a
more
interesting
person.
E.It
means
a
good
education
leads
to
excellent
networking.
F.Schools
and
universities
are
the
first
places
to
get
knowledge.
G.It
has
long
been
understood
that
an
education
can
lead
to
long-term
financial
success.
参考答案
9
选择性必修第一册　UNIT1　阅读题
Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一则广告应用文。文章介绍几项面向青少年的培训班,包括乐器培训班、攀岩课、滑冰课、游泳课。
1.D　推理判断题。第一段中“确保你家孩子准备参与这些超级棒的活动安排”,以及第一则广告中“你的音乐家”等信息判断,本文的读者是家里有未成年小孩的父母。
2.C　细节理解题。第一则广告中的“Plus,whenthey’renotjamming(干扰),kidscantakeadvantageofhomeworkhelpintheClubhouse”可知,当学员不多的时候孩子们在俱乐部可以得到家庭作业方面的帮助。
3.B　细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“Thislargeareamaintainsitsyear-roundfrostytemperaturesforice-skatingfun.”可知,这个大型滑冰场终年提供霜冻的气温,以保证滑冰的乐趣。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了“我”过去的经历和如何发现自己的梦想的。
4.C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Butinmymind,stayingstronghasalwaysbeenmyonlychoice.So,onthedayIleftthehospital,Imadeapromisetomyselftoalwayslivelifetothefullest.”可知,作者在经历了车祸之后仍然保持坚强,还向自己许下了一个承诺:要一直过最充实的生活,所以作者面对生活仍然保持积极向上的态度。
5.A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“ThejoyofbeingabletoprovidethisgifttosomeoneelsewasgreaterthanthehappinessIfeltonanydayIwasabletowearitmyself.”可知,对作者而言,能把这份礼物送给别人比她能自己穿戴更幸福,所以作者快乐的原因在于能够帮助别人。
6.B　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“IwasnotonlyconfidentbutIwantedtohelpthosearoundme...”可知,作者不仅自信了,她还想把这种自信传递给他人,去帮助别人,使别人也充满自信。
7.C　写作目的题。文章主要介绍了作者与读者分享她过去与残疾做斗争的经历,以及在这个过程中发现了自己的人生梦想。根据文章最后一段中的“Mydreamisthatonedayalittlegirlwillseemeinamagazine...Mydreamissimple:toinspireeveryman...”可知,作者的梦想是能够激励别人。
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的树木,中文名为“喜树”。
8.B　细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“Pycnandraacuminata(喜树)isararetreenativetoNewCaledoniathathastherareabilitytocollectheavymetalslikenickel(镍)fromtheground.”可知,喜树能吸收土壤中的重金属。
9.C　推理判断题。根据第四段的第一句“Themostpopulartheorystatesthattheconcentrationofnickelprotectssuchtreesfromleaf-chewinginsects.”和第三句“Anothertheorysaysnickelhaseffectsofresistingbacteria,whichprotectsthetreesfromvariousdiseases.”可知,喜树通过收集起来的镍杀死昆虫和细菌来保护自己。
10.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一、二句“Unfortunately,Pycnandraacuminataisrecentlyinabadsituation.HumanactivityinforestsofNewCaledoniahasmadePycnandraacuminataindanger.”可知,最近喜树的生存状况很糟,人类的活动已使喜树处于危险之中。
11.D　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了可以从土壤中吸收重金属的喜树,这种树木因人类活动的影响处于濒危状态。由此推测,文章最有可能出自杂志的“人与自然”专栏。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章从5G和AI领域的现状、大学在科学发展中的特别地位、美国政府对大学科研在经济上的援助等方面,论述了虽然美国在创新方面仍然处于世界前列,但是美国高校的科研能力正面临挑战。
12.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段“TheU.S.isstilloutinfrontofglobalcompetitorswhenitcomestoinnovation(革新),butAmericanuniversities—wherenewideasoftenspread—havereasontolookovertheirshoulders.”,特别是转折连词but可知,前后两个分句为转折关系,意为虽然美国在创新方面仍然处于世界前列,但是美国大学却有理由要当心了。?
13.D　推理判断题。根据第二段前两句“That’sespeciallytruefortechnologieslike5Gphonenetworksandartificialintelligence...UniversitiesfromChinagetmorepatentsthantheirU.S.peersinwirelesscommunications,accordingtoresearchfirmGreyBServices.”可知,作者提到5G电话网络是举例说明美国在一些高科技领域可能失去领先。
14.C　主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句(主旨句)“There’saspecialplaceforuniversitiesinthedevelopmentofscience.”以及本段的主要内容可知,大学在科学发展中起重要的作用,所以选C项。
15.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其是末尾两句“Othercountriesarecatchingup.Wecan’tbesatisfiedwithwhatwehaveachieved.”可知,StephenSusalka对美国大学未来发展持担忧态度,所以选A项。
Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文为议论文。一些高中生认为高等教育是没用的,因此他们选择不上大学。作者认为应该上大学接受良好教育并说明上大学的理由以及大学教育的好处。
1.A　上文提到“有些高中生认为上大学无用”,下文提到“如果你是他们(选择不上大学的)中的一员,要三思”。由此可知,A项“他们选择不上大学”和上文构成因果关系。
2.F　根据下文“Wetakethatknowledgelaterontobuildourcareersaftergraduation.Moreknowledgewillbegainedafteryoustartworking...”可知,本段叙述学校中获取知识对工作的影响。由此可推断出空格处是与从学校教育中获取知识有关。F项“学校和大学是获取知识的第一个地方”符合语境,而且knowledge为同词复现。
3.B　根据空格后的“Othercultureshavevaluablethingstoshare,enrichingourown.”可知,我们的文化并不是唯一的,还有其他的文化丰富我们的知识,所以B项“我们逐渐了解我们的文化并不是唯一的文化”可引出下文。
4.E　上文提到“当你技术娴熟、知识渊博时,你就能接触到有着相同背景和品位的人”。由此可知,因为接触到更多有相同背景和品位的人,自然会让你有更多更好的人际关系。E项“这意味着良好的教育会带来良好的人际关系网”符合题意。
5.D　空格处是本段的总结。根据空格后提到的“你可以谈论一些想法和事件,而不仅仅是谈论其他人和商店里的特价商品。一个受过教育的人不会说闲话,他喜欢讨论想法,倾听别人的意见”可知,本段是说良好的教育会让你谈吐恰当,成为有能力的人,有趣的人。D项“良好的教育使你成为一个更有趣的人”与本段意义一致。