中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
4
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
the
dark.
SectionA
2d&Grammar
focus-4c导学案
【学习目标】
1．教会学生掌握词汇European，African，British，speech，public，in
public。
2．教会学生正确使用“used
to”结构谈论自己及他人在外貌、性格、兴趣爱好及生活等方面的变化。
3．指导学生能通过学习，培养自己遇到困难不放弃的心态。
4.
正确使用本课语法要点，熟练运用used
to的各种句型描述自己或他人的变化。
5.
通过本课的学习，学会正确的评价和审视他人。
【学习重难点】
学会使用“used
to”结构谈论过去与现在的对比变化。
【自主预习】
完成句子。
1.
我以前是矮个子。
I
______
____
be
short.
2.
我以前在学校常不受欢迎。
I
______
_____
to
be
popular
in
school.
3.
保拉以前的确不爱说话。
Paula
_____
____
be
really
short.
4.
她以前不喜欢小测试。
She
_____
_____
_____
like
tests.
5.
你以前很矮，不是吗？
You
used
to
be
short,
______
_______?
是的，我是。/
不，不是。
Yes,
I
_____.
/
No,
I
_______.
6.
他以前戴眼镜吗？
____
he
_____
______
wear
glasses?
是的，他戴。/
不，他不戴。
Yes,
he
_____.
/
No,
he
______.
【合作探究】
探究一:
完成教材2d的任务
1.读2d对话，并回答下面问题。
1).What’s
the
relationship
between
Alfred
and
Gina?
2).How
long
haven't
they
seen
each
other?
3).
What
are
they
talking
about?
2.Read
2d
carefully
and
fill
in
the
chart.
What
was
Billy
like
in
the
past？
What
is
Billy
like
now？
Language
points
1)This
party
is
such
a
great
idea.(开)派对是如此好的一个主意。
He
used
to
be
so
shy
and
quiet.他以前是如此害羞文静。
such为形容词,
“这(那)样的”,
主要修饰名词;
so是副词,
意为“这(那)么;
如此地”,
主要修饰形容词或副词。
注意：
1.当名词前有many,
much,
few或little等词修饰时,
要用so而不用such。
2.such
+a
/
an+形容词+可数名词单数，
相当于so+形容词+a
/
an
+可数名词单数，表示“如此……的一个……”。
【活学活用】1)
今天天气这么好我可以去钓鱼了。
_
2)
她是这个如此可爱的女孩。
用such或so填空。
1)
The
man
told
us
____
funny
a
story.
2)
She
has
_____
a
beautiful
dress.
3)
How
can
you
get
____
much
money
to
buy
the
car?
4)
Don’t
go
out
in
______
cold
weather.
5)
Don’t
eat
_____
quickly.
2)It’s
been
three
years
since
we
last
saw
our
primary
school
classmates.自从我们上次看到我们的小学同学起到现在有三年了。
since
引导一个句子或时间点，相当于for
引导时间段，对应的主句是相应持续性动词的完成时态。非持续性动词对应的时间是时间点。“It
has
been
+一段时间+since+一般过去时的句子”意为“自从……以来已经过去了多长时间”。
【活学活用】1)
自从我们搬到这里,
时间已经过去10年了。
2)
(湖北黄冈)
—
I
can
hardly
believe
my
eyes.
Is
that
you,
Lucy?
—
Yes.
It
has
been
almost
20
years
______
we
were
together.
A.
since
B.
before
C.
after
D.
until
3)I
used
to
see
him
reading
in
the
library
every
day.以前我经常看到他每天在图书馆看书。
感官动词see可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即see
sb.
doing
sth.，表示看见某人正在做某事，强调看到事情正在发生；也可以跟不带to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，即see
sb.
do
sth.，表示看见某人做某事，强调看到事情发生的整个过程。
【活学活用】1)
(
山东莱芜)
When
I
walked
past
the
park,
I
saw
some
old
people
______
Chinese
Taiji.
A.
do
B.
did
C.
doing
D.
are
doing
2)
(
贵州安顺)I
saw
some
boy
students
______
basketball
when
I
passed
the
playground.
A.
played
B.
plays
C.
playing
D.
to
play
4.读对话，并分组进行角色扮演。并在全班面前展示。
5.
根据对话完成下面短文。
Billy
has
changed
so
much!
He
used
to
be
_______
and
_______.
His
face
always
______
______
when
he
talked
to
girls!
He
studied
hard
and
got
good
________
on
his
exams.
He
used
to
be
_______,
but
now
he
is
______
and
________.
He
becomes
_______
among
girls.
Look
at
all
the
girls
around
him.
探究二:本单元语法重点宾语从句
used
to?意为“过去经常，以前常常”，表示过去的习惯性动作或经常性状态，而现在已不存在。它没有人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形。如：
Amy
used
to
keep
many
pet
dogs.
I
used
to
be
weak,
but
now
I’m
very
strong.
I
/
He
/
They
used
to
go
to
school
early.
used
to的否定形式：didn’t
use
to。如：
Jerry
didn’t
use
to
go
swimming.
used
to的一般疑问句句式为：“Did+主语+use
to+动词原形+其他?”如：
Did
you
use
to
play
computer
games?
【链接】
★?be
/
get
used
to
(doing)
sth.意为“习惯于（做）……”。如：
I
cook
every
day,
so
I’m
used
to
it.
My
mother
is
quite
used
to
hard
work.
My
mother
is
quite
used
to
working
hard.
★?be
used
to
do
sth.意为“被用来做……”。如：
These
money
is
used
to
help
poor
children.
used
to
与
be
used
to
(3mins)
used
to
do
sth.
表示过去习惯性的动作或存在的状态。to后跟动词原形，只用于一般过去时态。
be
used
to+
n./pron./doing
意为“习惯于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。可用于各种时态。
get/become
usedto
sth./doing
sth.
意为“逐渐习惯于……”，强调这一习惯的过程，to是介词。
be
used
to
do
意为“被用来做……”，被动语态结构，to后跟动词原形。
be
used
for
doing
sth
意为“被用来……”，介词for表示功能、用途。
探究三：
完成4a－4c的任务
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Unit
4
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
the
dark.
人教新目标版
九年级上
SectionA
2d
Grammar
Focus-4c公开课
Warming-up
What
do
people
like?
tall
and
short
fat
and
thin
curly
hair
straight
hair
big
nose
small
eyes
wear
glasses
long
face
funny
friendly
lazy
smart
outgoing
quiet
serious
hard-working
popular
Time
can
change...
our
appearance
our
personality
our
interest
外表
性格
爱好
Make
sentences
I/
He/
She/
They
used
to
_________,
I/
He
/
She
/
They
_________.
but
now
appearance
personality
interest
height
build
hair
outgoing
quiet
shy...
sing
dance
draw...
New
drills
Alfred
and
Gina
are
at
a
classmate
party.
It’s
interesting
to
see
how
people
have
changed
at
such
a
party.
Listen
and
answer
the
questions
below.
1.What’s
the
relationship
between
Alfred
and
Gina?
2.How
long
haven't
they
seen
each
other?
3.
What
are
they
talking
about?
They
are
primary
school
classmates.
They
are
talking
about
Billy’s
changes.
Three
years.
What
was
Billy
like
in
the
past？
What
is
Billy
like
now？
1.He
used
to
be
shy
and
quiet.
2.He
used
to
read
in
the
library.
4.He
used
to
wear
glasses.
5.He
used
to
be
thin.
He
is
so
popular
now.
3.He
studied
hard
and
got
good
scores
on
his
exams
He
is
big
and
strong.
He
doesn’t
wear
glasses.
Read
2d
carefully
and
fill
in
the
chart.
2d
Listen
again
and
repeat.
Alfred:
This
party
is
such
a
great
idea!
Gina:
I
agree.
It’s
been
three
years
since
we
last
saw
our
primary
school
classmates.
Alfred:
It’s
interesting
to
see
how
people
have
changed.
Gina:
Billy
has
changed
so
much!
He
used
to
be
so
shy
and
quiet.
Alfred:
Yeah,
his
face
always
turned
red
when
he
talked
to
girls!
Gina:
I
used
to
see
him
reading
in
the
library
every
day.
Alfred:
That’s
because
he
was
a
really
good
student.
He
studied
hard
and
got
good
scores
on
his
exams.
Gina:
Did
he
use
to
wear
glasses?
Alfred:
Yes,
and
he
used
to
be
thin,
too.
But
look
how
big
and
strong
he
is
now!
Gina:
He’s
so
popular
now.
Look
at
all
the
girls
around
him!
This
party
is
such
a
great
idea.(开)派对是如此好的一个主意。
He
used
to
be
so
shy
and
quiet.他以前是如此害羞文静。
such为形容词,
“这(那)样的”,
主要修饰名词;
so是副词,
意为“这(那)么;
如此地”,
主要修饰形容词或副词。
注意：
1.当名词前有many,
much,
few或little等词修饰时,
要用so而不用such。
2.such
+a
/
an+形容词+可数名词单数，
相当于so+形容词+a
/
an
+可数名词单数，表示“如此……的一个……”。
Language
points
【活学活用】1)
今天天气这么好我可以去钓鱼了。
________________________________
2)
她是这个如此可爱的女孩。
______________________________
She
is
such
a
lovely
girl.
=
She
is
so
lovely
a
girl.
Today
is
so
nice
that
I
can
go
fishing.
=Today
is
such
a
nice
day
that
I
can
go
fishing.
用such或so填空。
1)
The
man
told
us
____
funny
a
story.
2)
She
has
_____
a
beautiful
dress.
3)
How
can
you
get
____
much
money
to
buy
the
car?
4)
Don’t
go
out
in
______
cold
weather.
5)
Don’t
eat
_____
quickly.
so?
such
so?
such
so
It’s
been
three
years
since
we
last
saw
our
primary
school
classmates.自从我们上次看到我们的小学同学起到现在有三年了。
since
引导一个句子或时间点，相当于for
引导时间段，对应的主句是相应持续性动词的完成时态。非持续性动词对应的时间是时间点。“It
has
been
+一段时间+since+一般过去时的句子”意为“自从……以来已经过去了多长时间”。
【活学活用】1)
自从我们搬到这里,
时间已经过去10年了。________________________________
2)
(湖北黄冈)
—
I
can
hardly
believe
my
eyes.
Is
that
you,
Lucy?
—
Yes.
It
has
been
almost
20
years
______
we
were
together.
A.
since
B.
before
C.
after
D.
until
It
has
been
ten
years
since
we
moved
here.
I
used
to
see
him
reading
in
the
library
every
day.以前我经常看到他每天在图书馆看书。
感官动词see可以跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，即see
sb.
doing
sth.，表示看见某人正在做某事，强调看到事情正在发生；也可以跟不带to的动词不定式(短语)作宾语补足语，即see
sb.
do
sth.，表示看见某人做某事，强调看到事情发生的整个过程。
【活学活用】1)
(
山东莱芜)
When
I
walked
past
the
park,
I
saw
some
old
people
______
Chinese
Taiji.
A.
do
B.
did
C.
doing
D.
are
doing
2)
(
贵州安顺)I
saw
some
boy
students
______
basketball
when
I
passed
the
playground.
A.
played
B.
plays
C.
playing
D.
to
play
Retell
the
conversation.
It’s
interesting
to
see
how
…has
changed.
…
has
changed
a
lot.
Billy
Now
shy
and
quiet
wear
glasses
and
be
thin
His
face…turn
red
when…girls
a
good
student
read
in
the
library
study
hard
get
good
scores
In
the
past
big
and
strong
;
popular
Look
at
all
the
girls
around
him.
For
example
Billy
has
changed
so
much!
He
used
to
be
_______
and
_______.
His
face
always
______
______
when
he
talked
to
girls!
He
studied
hard
and
got
good
________
on
his
exams.
He
used
to
be
_______,
but
now
he
is
______
and
________.
He
becomes
_______
among
girls.
Look
at
all
the
girls
around
him.
shy
quiet
turned
red
scores
thin
big
strong
popular
Role-play
the
conversation.
Alfred:
This
party
is...!
Gina:
I
agree.
It’s
....
Alfred:
It’s
interesting
...
Gina:
Billy
has
...!
He
....
Alfred:
Yeah,
his
face...!
Gina:
I
used
to
....
Alfred:
That’s
....
He
studied
....
Gina:
Did
he...?
Alfred:
Yes,
and
he
....
But...!
Gina:
He’s
so
....
Look
...!
Gina
Alfred
Role
play
1.
我以前是矮个子。
I
______
____
be
short.
2.
我以前在学校不受欢迎。
I
______
_____
to
be
popular
in
school.
3.
Paula以前真的很安静。
Paula
_____
____
be
really
quiet.
4.
她以前不喜欢小测验。
She
______
___
___
like
tests.
didn’t
use
used
to
used
to
didn’t
use
to
Practice
Fill
in
the
blanks.
5.
你以前很矮,
不是吗？
You
used
to
be
short,
______
____?
是的,
我是。/
不,
我不是。
Yes,
I
_____.
/
No,
I
_______.
6.
他以前戴眼镜吗？
____
he
_____
___
wear
glasses?
是的,
他戴。/
不,
他不戴。
Yes,
he
____.
/
No,
he
______.
didn’t
you
Did
use
to
did
didn’t
did
didn’t
Read
the
following
sentences
and
find
out
the
common
features.
I
used
to
be
short.
I
didn’t
use
to
be
popular
in
school.
Paula
used
to
be
really
quiet.
She
didn’t
use
to
like
tests.
You
used
to
be
short,
didn’t
you?
Yes,
I
did./No,
I
didn’t.
Did
he
use
to
wear
glasses?
Yes,
he
did./No,
he
didn’t.
used
to
句式
肯定句：used
to+动词原形
Grammar
Focus
否定句：didn’t
use
to+动词原形
反义疑问句和一般疑问句
used
to是一个固定结构，它的意思是“过去经常、以前常常”，它的后面用动词原形，它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在，所以它只能用一般过去时，不能用现在时态。
【语法讲解】
used
to只用于一般过去时态，没有人称和数的变化。
I
You
/We/They
He
/She/It
used
to
eat
breakfast
at
7
a.m.
every
day.
used可当作实义动词，变否定句要用助动词did。used当作情态动词，变否定句直接在used后面加not。
1.肯定句式：主语＋
used
to
＋动词原形...
We
used
to
play
the
drums
together.我们以前一起打鼓。
Gina
used
to
be
a
shy
girl,
but
now
she’s
outgoing.
吉娜以前是个害羞的女孩,
但是现在她很开朗。
2.否定句式：
used
not
主语
+
to
do
sth.
didn’t
use
Mike
used
not
to
study
hard.
=
Mike
didn’t
use
to
study
hard.
迈克过去不努力学习。
【used
to的句式变化讲解】
3.一般疑问句式：
美式英语通常用A种形式，英式英语用B种形式。
A)
Did＋主语＋use
to＋动词原形...？
答语：Yes,
sb.
did.
/
No,
sb.
didn’t.
B)
Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形...？
答语：Yes,
sb.
used
to.
/
No,
sb.
used
to.
—Did
you
use
to
go
to
museums?
你以前常去博物馆吗？
—Yes,
I
did.
/
No,
I
didn’t.
是的。/
不是。
—Did
he
use
to
/
Used
he
to
play
the
guitar?
他过去弹吉他吗？
—Yes,he
did./No,he
didn't.
是的。/
不是。
4.Used
to
的反义疑问句
主语+used
to
do
sth,
didn't
+主语？/
used
not+主语？
—Your
brother
used
to
have
noodles
for
breakfast,
didn’t
he?
你哥哥过去早餐常吃面条,
不是吗？
He
used
to
watch
a
lot
of
TV,
didn’t
he?/used
not
he?
注意：1)回答反义疑问句和回答其他一般疑问句的结构一样。如果答语是肯定的，用“Yes
+肯定结构”如果答语是否定的，用“No
+肯定结构”
2)
回答陈述部分为否定句的反义疑问句时，Yes或是No的汉语意思与它们本身的词义相反。
—You
didn't
go
to
work,
didn't
you?
你没有去上班，对吗？
—
Yes,
I
did.
/
No,
I
didn't.
不，我上班了。/是的，我没上班。
【used
to其他用法讲解】
He
always
used
to
be
late
for
class.
他过去常常上课迟到。
1.used
to
的状语可以用副词always，often，sometimes等，但是仍然是过去的习惯，不是指现在的习惯，所以不能用一般现在时。
2.used
to可以用在there
be结构中表示“过去经常有”的意思。
There
used
to
be
a
lot
of
teachers
in
the
school.
There
used
to
be
a
clever
old
man
in
the
village.
3.used
to
用于省略句时，肯定式保留to，否定式不保留to。
—Used
you
to
play
basketball?
——你过去常打篮球吗？
—Yes,
I
used
to.
(No,
I
usedn't.)
【链接】几个易混结构的比较：
结构
意义
to的作用
used
to
do
sth.
过去常常做某事
不定式
符号
use
...
to
do
sth.
用……做……
be
used
to
do
sth.
被用来做……
be
used
to
doing
sth.
习惯于做某事
介词
中考链接
完成句子或对话
1.
—I
miss
my
neighbours
very
much
after
I
moved
into
the
new
flat.
—So
do
I.
I
________
(过去常常)
play
cards
and
Chinese
chess
with
them.
(江苏连云港)
2.
我哥哥过去常常在周六去钓鱼。
My
brother
____
__
go
fishing
on
Saturdays.
(四川宜宾)
used
to
used
to
3.
我过去常常步行上学，但现在我习惯
于骑自行车上学。
I
used
to
________
to
school,
but
now
I
am
used
to
________
to
school.
(
湖北随州)
4.
My
uncle
often
took
a
walk
here
in
the
past.
(改为同义句)
My
uncle
____
__
take
a
walk
here.
(
重庆B卷)
walk
riding
used
to
5.(安顺中考)She
______
live
alone.
But
she
______
living
alone
because
she
feels
lonely.
A.
used
to;
doesn’t
used
to
B.
is
used
to;
was
used
to
C.
used
to;
is
not
used
to
D.
was
used
to;
doesn’t
used
to
6.(甘肃省白银中考)Our
city
is
cleaner
than
it
____
be.
A.
is
used
to
B.
used
to
C.
uses
to
D.
is
used
7.(四川省宜宾)My
sister
____be
lazy.
But
now
she’s
working
really
hard.
A.
used
to
B.
is
used
to
C.
was
used
to
Write
sentences
about
the
past
using
used
to.
4a
1.
Grace/watch
a
lot
of
TV/watch
a
lot
of
movies
_________________________________
_________________________________
Grace
used
to
watch
a
lot
of
TV.
She
didn’t
use
to
watch
a
lot
of
movies.
2.
my
mom/have
curly
hair/have
straight
hair
________________________________
_________________________________
My
mom
used
to
have
curly
hair.
She
didn’t
use
to
have
straight
hair.
点拨：将第一个动作用肯定句来描述过去常进行的活动；将第二个动作用否定句来描述过去不常进行的活动。
3.
Jerry/read
books
on
European
history/
read
books
on
African
culture
_________________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
Jerry
used
to
read
books
on
European
history.
She
didn’t
use
to
read
books
on
African
culture.
4.
Sandy
/teach
British
English
/
teach
American
English
_______________________________
_______________________________
Sandy
used
to
teach
British
English.
She
didn’t
use
to
teach
American
English.
Look
at
the
information
and
write
sentences
about
Emily.
4b
Five
years
ago
Now
didn’t
eat
a
lot
of
vegetables
loves
carrots
and
tomatoes
listened
to
pop
music
enjoys
country
music
watched
scary
movies
hates
scary
movies
didn’t
read
a
lot
of
books
reads
at
least
six
books
a
year
e.g.
Emily
didn’t
use
to
eat
a
lot
of
vegetables,
but
now
she
loves
carrots
and
tomatoes.
2.
Emily
used
to
listen
to
pop
music,
but
now
she
enjoys
country
music.
3.
Emily
used
to
watch
scary
movies,
but
now
she
hates
them.
4.
Emily
didn’t
use
to
read
a
lot
of
books,
but
now
she
reads
at
least
six
books
a
year.
4c
Which
of
these
things
did
you
use
to
be
afraid
of?
Which
ones
are
you
still
afraid
of?
Check
the
boxes
and
then
ask
your
partner.
Possible
answers
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
being
alone.
I’m
still
afraid
of
being
alone.
Did
you
use
to
be
afraid
of
the
dark?
Yes,
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
the
dark.
I’m
still
afraid
of
the
dark.
Did
you
use
to
be
afraid
of
being
alone?
No,
I
didn’t.
But
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
giving
a
speech
in
public.
Did
you
use
to
be
afraid
of
flying?
No,
I
didn’t.
But
I
used
to
be
afraid
of
high
places.
give
a
speech
演讲
in
public
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