2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
5
Working
the
land语法
主语从句
体会下面教材中句子的语法特征并说明画线词在句中所作的
成分
However,what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
How
this
could
be
done
was
a
challenging
question
at
the
time.
3.Today,it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
4.What
Yuan
Longping
really
cared
about
was
not
money
or
celerity.
一、概念
在句中充当主语的从句称为主语从句。英语中带有主语从句的句型可分为两大类：一是直接将主语从句放在主语的位置上；二是用it作形式主语，将真正的主语从句后移，放在其他成分之后。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式(what从句作主语时，如果含有复数概念时，谓语动词可用复数形式)。
That
mathematics
is
the
base
of
other
science
is
known
to
all
of
us.
It
is
known
to
all
of
us
that
mathematics
is
the
base
of
other
science.
众所周知数学是其他科学的基础。
二、类型
1．that，whether引导的主语从句：连词只起连接作用，在从句中不充当句子成分，可用it作形式主语代替。
That
he
won
the
game
made
a
tremendous
stir
in
our
country.
他赢得比赛一事在我国引起了巨大轰动。
Whether
it
will
do
us
harm
or
good
remains
to
be
seen.
此事对我们有害还是有利还有待于看一看。
It
depends
on
how
hard
he
works
whether
one
can
succeed.
一个人能否成功取决于他工作努力的程度。
[温馨提示]
if有时也可引导主语从句，但只能用it作形式主语，if从句后置。
It
is
doubtful
if
they
will
come.
他们是否会来值得怀疑。
2．连接代词what(ever)，which(ever)，who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose引导的主语从句：这类连词除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当一定的句子成分，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
What
she
did
after
that
is
not
clear
to
us.
那之后她做了什么我们不清楚。
Whatever
is
worth
doing
at
all
is
worth
doing
well.
凡是值得做的事都值得好好地做。
Which
of
all
those
ways
is
the
best
is
uncertain.
所有那些方法中哪一个最好还不能肯定。
Whom
we
must
serve
is
a
question
of
vital
importance.
我们应当为谁服务是一个极为重要的问题。
Whose
carelessness
spoilt
the
work
must
be
made
clear.
必须查清是谁的粗心破坏了工作。
It
is
still
open
to
question
who
is
to
head
the
group.
谁领导这个小组还未决定。
3．连接副词when，where，how，why引导的主语从句：这类连词在从句中常作状语，也可用it作形式主语代替。
When
and
where
the
meeting
will
take
place
has
not
been
decided
yet.
开会的时间和地点还未决定。
Why
he
did
it
will
remain
a
puzzle
forever.
他做此事的原因将永远是个谜。
It
is
not
clear
how
accurate
the
results
are.
这些结果的精确程度还不清楚。
三、it作形式主语的主语从句
1．It
is/was＋形容词＋主语从句
It
is
quite
clear
that
the
crime
has
been
done
deliberately.
十分明显这是故意犯罪。
It
was
clear
enough
what
she
meant.
她的意思已经够清楚了。
It
is
uncertain
why
he
denied
the
charge.
不确定他为什么否认了指控。
2．It
is/was
＋名词＋主语从句
It
is
a
good
thing
that
we
do
morning
exercises
every
day.
我们每天做早操是件有益的事。
It
is
a
complete
mystery
what
caused
the
accident.
是什么引起了这场事故完全是个谜。
It’s
not
my
business
how
she
chooses
to
live.
她选择什么样的生活不关我的事。
3．It
is/was＋过去分词＋主语从句
It
is
required
that
the
machine
should
be
maintained
at
regular
intervals.
机器需要定期维修。
It
is
not
yet
known
whether
they
will
send
a
delegation
to
the
conference，but
we
hope
they
will.
还不了解他们是否会派代表团来参加会议，但是我们希望他们派团来。
Has
it
been
decided
where
we
are
to
hold
the
meeting?
决定了我们开会的地点了吗？
4．It＋不及物动词＋主语从句
It
happened
that
I
wasn’t
there
that
day.
碰巧那天我不在那里。
It
doesn’t
matter
what
she
looks
like.
她的外表怎么样并不重要。
5．It
is/was＋介词短语＋主语从句
It
is
of
great
importance
whether
we
can
improve
our
scientific
research
or
not.
我们能否提高我们的科学研究是极为重要的。
[温馨提示]
在It
is
important/necessary/natural/essential/impossible...＋that从句和It
is
demanded/suggested/required/requested/proposed...＋that从句中，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should)
do形式。
It
is
necessary
that
a
scientific
worker
(should)
know
foreign
languages.
科学工作者必须精通外语。
It
is
desired
that
remote
control
(should)
be
introduced
in
this
system.
有人想要把遥控装置引进该系统。
四、主语从句中应注意的问题
1．从句要用陈述语序
What
we
will
do
next
should
be
decided.
应该决定一下我们下一步该做什么。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where
he
will
get
a
job
after
graduation
has
puzzled
him
much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[温馨提示]
what引导主语从句时，有时主句的谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What
the
school
needs
most
are
books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When
they
will
start
and
where
they
will
go
have
not
been
decided
yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When
and
where
the
movie
will
be
shown
is
not
clear.
这部影片何时何地上映还不清楚。
一．用适当的词填空
（2020·上海浦东新区检测）__________never
occurred
to
him
that
the
easier
the
questions
were,the
more
careful
he
should
be.
2.It
is
said
______
he
is
working
on
a
book
about
space
exploration.
But_____
it
will
come
out
is
up
in
the
air.
3.Don't
worry.______he
will
offer
us
help
doesn't
matter
a
lot.
4._________,as
a
matter
of
fact,has
been
put
forward
at
the
conference
is
that
the
government
should
encourage
the
graduates
to
set
up
their
own
business.
5.
______________he
will
go
to
work
in
a
mountain
village
surprises
all
of
us
6._________will
be
made
captain
of
our
team
is
still
unknown,but
one
thing
is
certain:_____is
put
into
this
position
is
to
lead
us
out
of
the
present
difficulty.
7.________you
can
make
your
dream
come
true
depends
on
hard
work
rather
than
luck.
8.______
fashion
differs
from
country
to
country
will
reflect
the
cultural
differences
to
some
extent.
9.It
is
a
fact___________English
has
been
accepted
as
an
international
language.
10.________
is
willing
to
volunteer
in
the
Beijing
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
is
welcome
to
join
us.
11._________
truly
changes
the
world
is
the
way
you
look
at
yourself.
12.___________is
proved
is
that
animals
and
insects
have
their
own
languages.
13.（2020·天津静海一中期末）____________I'm
concerned
about
most
is___________
we
can
collect
a
huge
amount
of
money
in
such
a
short
time.
14.______
the
child
formed
the
habit
of
playing
computer
games
made
his
mother
angry.
15.（天津一中检测）We
believe_______you
have
been
devoted
to
is
naturally
of
great
necessity.
二.单句语法填空
1．______
fault
it
is
is
quite
clear
now.
2．_______
takes
interest
in
the
paper
can
ask
for
a
copy.
3．When
she
will
come
back
school
_______(depend)
on
her
mother.
4．It
is
uncertain______
his
family
was
originally
Britain
or
American.
5．What
they
want
at
present
_____(be)
basic
skills
for
survival
in
the
wild.
6．_____is
desirable
that
we
should
read
the
instructions
of
the
instruments
in
advance.
7．It
is
hard
to
imagine
_____
life
was
like
for
her
at
that
time.
8．It’s
important
that
children_______(have)
their
own
hobbies
and
interests.
9．It
is
requested
that
all
the
members
_____(be)
present
at
the
meeting
tomorrow.
10_____theory
must
go
hand
in
hand
with
practice
is
a
principle
we
should
always
keep
in
mind.
三.完成句子
11.他似乎要到10点钟之后才能回来。
12.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。
13.我们今天所做的事在过去是不可能的。
14.空气中有多少水蒸气取决于空气的温度。
15.尊重所有少数民族的风俗习惯是很自然的。
四.句型转换
1．He
happened
to
be
out
of
New
York
at
the
time.
→__________________
he
was
out
of
New
York
at
the
time.
2．It
chanced
that
she
met
him
in
the
park
three
days
ago.
→_______________________________________three
days
ago.
3．This
book
is
said
to
have
been
translated
into
many
languages.
→__________________this
book
has
been
translated
into
many
languages.
4．You
are
likely
to
suffer
from
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
→_______________________you
will
suffer
from
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
5．That
water
is
made
from
oxygen
and
hydrogen
is
common
knowledge.
→_________________________
water
is
made
from
oxygen
and
hydrogen.
五.
语法填空
My
roommate，Mary，is
sensitive
1._____
other
people’s
evaluation
of
her
appearance.Every
day
before
class，she
spends
more
than
an
hour
in
the
dormitory
2.____(make)
up.She
has
20
lipsticks，often
feeling
3.______
(bother)
about
which
one
to
use.Recently，she
has
been
addicted
to
a
selfie
app
on
the
Internet，uploading
edited
photos
every
day
and
hoping
to
get
compliments
from
others.Although
she
is
4.
______
(skin)
now，she
still
takes
diet
5.______(pill)
to
make
her
figure
slim,6._____
has
brought
harm
to
her
health.Buying
clothes
and
cosmetics
exhausts
her
savings，but
she
still
enjoys
it.Her
behavior
is
beyond
our
7.
_______
(comprehend)
and
we
even
doubt
her
motive.We
advise
her
many
times
8.______(pay)
attention
to
health，but
judging
from
the
expression
on
her
face，she
ignored
our
advice.As
one
novelist
put
9.______，“Virtue
is
far
10._____(good)
than
beauty.”
I
sincerely
hope
that
she
can
have
a
correct
understanding
of
external
beauty，overlook
some
incorrect
comments
from
others，and
focus
her
attention
and
energy
on
learning.
六.单句写作
6．这种新方法似乎很成功。
7．我们正在讨论建立煤气厂的地点。
8．我们所取得的任何结果都要核查。
9．什么时候举行运动会还是个问题。
10．据估计我们要用两个月完成这项工作。2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit
5
Working
the
land语法
主语从句
体会下面教材中句子的语法特征并说明画线词在句中所作的
成分
However,what
concerned
him
most
was
that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
shortage
of
food
to
eat.
How
this
could
be
done
was
a
challenging
question
at
the
time.
3.Today,it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
4.What
Yuan
Longping
really
cared
about
was
not
money
or
celerity.
【答案解析】
1.作主语从句的主语
2.作主语从句的方式状语
3.作形式主语
4.作主语从句的宾语
一、概念
在句中充当主语的从句称为主语从句。英语中带有主语从句的句型可分为两大类：一是直接将主语从句放在主语的位置上；二是用it作形式主语，将真正的主语从句后移，放在其他成分之后。从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式(what从句作主语时，如果含有复数概念时，谓语动词可用复数形式)。
That
mathematics
is
the
base
of
other
science
is
known
to
all
of
us.
It
is
known
to
all
of
us
that
mathematics
is
the
base
of
other
science.
众所周知数学是其他科学的基础。
二、类型
1．that，whether引导的主语从句：连词只起连接作用，在从句中不充当句子成分，可用it作形式主语代替。
That
he
won
the
game
made
a
tremendous
stir
in
our
country.
他赢得比赛一事在我国引起了巨大轰动。
Whether
it
will
do
us
harm
or
good
remains
to
be
seen.
此事对我们有害还是有利还有待于看一看。
It
depends
on
how
hard
he
works
whether
one
can
succeed.
一个人能否成功取决于他工作努力的程度。
[温馨提示]
if有时也可引导主语从句，但只能用it作形式主语，if从句后置。
It
is
doubtful
if
they
will
come.
他们是否会来值得怀疑。
2．连接代词what(ever)，which(ever)，who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose引导的主语从句：这类连词除起连接作用外，还在从句中充当一定的句子成分，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
What
she
did
after
that
is
not
clear
to
us.
那之后她做了什么我们不清楚。
Whatever
is
worth
doing
at
all
is
worth
doing
well.
凡是值得做的事都值得好好地做。
Which
of
all
those
ways
is
the
best
is
uncertain.
所有那些方法中哪一个最好还不能肯定。
Whom
we
must
serve
is
a
question
of
vital
importance.
我们应当为谁服务是一个极为重要的问题。
Whose
carelessness
spoilt
the
work
must
be
made
clear.
必须查清是谁的粗心破坏了工作。
It
is
still
open
to
question
who
is
to
head
the
group.
谁领导这个小组还未决定。
3．连接副词when，where，how，why引导的主语从句：这类连词在从句中常作状语，也可用it作形式主语代替。
When
and
where
the
meeting
will
take
place
has
not
been
decided
yet.
开会的时间和地点还未决定。
Why
he
did
it
will
remain
a
puzzle
forever.
他做此事的原因将永远是个谜。
It
is
not
clear
how
accurate
the
results
are.
这些结果的精确程度还不清楚。
三、it作形式主语的主语从句
1．It
is/was＋形容词＋主语从句
It
is
quite
clear
that
the
crime
has
been
done
deliberately.
十分明显这是故意犯罪。
It
was
clear
enough
what
she
meant.
她的意思已经够清楚了。
It
is
uncertain
why
he
denied
the
charge.
不确定他为什么否认了指控。
2．It
is/was
＋名词＋主语从句
It
is
a
good
thing
that
we
do
morning
exercises
every
day.
我们每天做早操是件有益的事。
It
is
a
complete
mystery
what
caused
the
accident.
是什么引起了这场事故完全是个谜。
It’s
not
my
business
how
she
chooses
to
live.
她选择什么样的生活不关我的事。
3．It
is/was＋过去分词＋主语从句
It
is
required
that
the
machine
should
be
maintained
at
regular
intervals.
机器需要定期维修。
It
is
not
yet
known
whether
they
will
send
a
delegation
to
the
conference，but
we
hope
they
will.
还不了解他们是否会派代表团来参加会议，但是我们希望他们派团来。
Has
it
been
decided
where
we
are
to
hold
the
meeting?
决定了我们开会的地点了吗？
4．It＋不及物动词＋主语从句
It
happened
that
I
wasn’t
there
that
day.
碰巧那天我不在那里。
It
doesn’t
matter
what
she
looks
like.
她的外表怎么样并不重要。
5．It
is/was＋介词短语＋主语从句
It
is
of
great
importance
whether
we
can
improve
our
scientific
research
or
not.
我们能否提高我们的科学研究是极为重要的。
[温馨提示]
在It
is
important/necessary/natural/essential/impossible...＋that从句和It
is
demanded/suggested/required/requested/proposed...＋that从句中，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should)
do形式。
It
is
necessary
that
a
scientific
worker
(should)
know
foreign
languages.
科学工作者必须精通外语。
It
is
desired
that
remote
control
(should)
be
introduced
in
this
system.
有人想要把遥控装置引进该系统。
四、主语从句中应注意的问题
1．从句要用陈述语序
What
we
will
do
next
should
be
decided.
应该决定一下我们下一步该做什么。
2．主谓一致
(1)从句作主语时，主句的谓语一般用单数形式。
Where
he
will
get
a
job
after
graduation
has
puzzled
him
much.
毕业后到哪儿找份工作使他很困惑。
[温馨提示]
what引导主语从句时，有时主句的谓语动词应与主句中作表语的名词保持一致。
What
the
school
needs
most
are
books.
这所学校最需要的是书。
(2)如果由and连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。
When
they
will
start
and
where
they
will
go
have
not
been
decided
yet.
他们将在什么时候动身以及要去哪里还没定下来。
When
and
where
the
movie
will
be
shown
is
not
clear.
这部影片何时何地上映还不清楚。
一．用适当的词填空
（2020·上海浦东新区检测）__________never
occurred
to
him
that
the
easier
the
questions
were,the
more
careful
he
should
be.
2.It
is
said
______
he
is
working
on
a
book
about
space
exploration.
But_____
it
will
come
out
is
up
in
the
air.
3.Don't
worry.______he
will
offer
us
help
doesn't
matter
a
lot.
4._________,as
a
matter
of
fact,has
been
put
forward
at
the
conference
is
that
the
government
should
encourage
the
graduates
to
set
up
their
own
business.
5.
______________he
will
go
to
work
in
a
mountain
village
surprises
all
of
us
6._________will
be
made
captain
of
our
team
is
still
unknown,but
one
thing
is
certain:_____is
put
into
this
position
is
to
lead
us
out
of
the
present
difficulty.
7.________you
can
make
your
dream
come
true
depends
on
hard
work
rather
than
luck.
8.______
fashion
differs
from
country
to
country
will
reflect
the
cultural
differences
to
some
extent.
9.It
is
a
fact___________English
has
been
accepted
as
an
international
language.
10.________
is
willing
to
volunteer
in
the
Beijing
2022
Olympic
Winter
Games
is
welcome
to
join
us.
11._________
truly
changes
the
world
is
the
way
you
look
at
yourself.
12.___________is
proved
is
that
animals
and
insects
have
their
own
languages.
13.（2020·天津静海一中期末）____________I'm
concerned
about
most
is___________
we
can
collect
a
huge
amount
of
money
in
such
a
short
time.
14.______
the
child
formed
the
habit
of
playing
computer
games
made
his
mother
angry.
15.（天津一中检测）We
believe_______you
have
been
devoted
to
is
naturally
of
great
necessity.
答案：用适当的词填空
1.It
2.that;
when
3.Whether
4.What
5.That
6.Who;
whoever
7.Whether
8.That
9.that
10.Whoever
11.What
12.What
13.What;
how/whether
14.That
15.what
二.单句语法填空
1．______
fault
it
is
is
quite
clear
now.
2．_______
takes
interest
in
the
paper
can
ask
for
a
copy.
3．When
she
will
come
back
school
_______(depend)
on
her
mother.
4．It
is
uncertain______
his
family
was
originally
Britain
or
American.
5．What
they
want
at
present
_____(be)
basic
skills
for
survival
in
the
wild.
6．_____is
desirable
that
we
should
read
the
instructions
of
the
instruments
in
advance.
7．It
is
hard
to
imagine
_____
life
was
like
for
her
at
that
time.
8．It’s
important
that
children_______(have)
their
own
hobbies
and
interests.
9．It
is
requested
that
all
the
members
_____(be)
present
at
the
meeting
tomorrow.
10_____theory
must
go
hand
in
hand
with
practice
is
a
principle
we
should
always
keep
in
mind.
1.Whose
2.Whoever
3.depends
4.
whether
5.
are
6.
It
7.what
8.(should)
have
9.
(should)
be
10．That
三.完成句子
11.他似乎要到10点钟之后才能回来。
12.有人建议我们应该立刻采取措施。
13.我们今天所做的事在过去是不可能的。
14.空气中有多少水蒸气取决于空气的温度。
15.尊重所有少数民族的风俗习惯是很自然的。
11．It
appears
that
he
won’t
be
back
until
10
o’clock.
12．What
we
are
doing
today
was
not
possible
in
the
old
days.
13．It’s
suggested
that
we
(should)
take
measures
at
once.
14．How
much
water
vapor
can
stay
in
the
air
depends
on
the
temperature
of
the
air.
15．It
is
quite
natural
that
the
customs
of
all
national
minorities(should)
be
respected.
四.句型转换
1．He
happened
to
be
out
of
New
York
at
the
time.
→It
happened
that
he
was
out
of
New
York
at
the
time.
2．It
chanced
that
she
met
him
in
the
park
three
days
ago.
→She
chanced
to
meet
him
in
the
park
three
days
ago.
3．This
book
is
said
to
have
been
translated
into
many
languages.
→It
is
said
that
this
book
has
been
translated
into
many
languages.
4．You
are
likely
to
suffer
from
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
→It
is
likely
that
you
will
suffer
from
bad
health
if
you
keep
smoking.
5．That
water
is
made
from
oxygen
and
hydrogen
is
common
knowledge.
→It
is
common
knowledge
that
water
is
made
from
oxygen
and
hydrogen.
五.
语法填空
My
roommate，Mary，is
sensitive
1._____
other
people’s
evaluation
of
her
appearance.Every
day
before
class，she
spends
more
than
an
hour
in
the
dormitory
2.____(make)
up.She
has
20
lipsticks，often
feeling
3.______
(bother)
about
which
one
to
use.Recently，she
has
been
addicted
to
a
selfie
app
on
the
Internet，uploading
edited
photos
every
day
and
hoping
to
get
compliments
from
others.Although
she
is
4.
______
(skin)
now，she
still
takes
diet
5.______(pill)
to
make
her
figure
slim,6._____
has
brought
harm
to
her
health.Buying
clothes
and
cosmetics
exhausts
her
savings，but
she
still
enjoys
it.Her
behavior
is
beyond
our
7.
_______
(comprehend)
and
we
even
doubt
her
motive.We
advise
her
many
times
8.______(pay)
attention
to
health，but
judging
from
the
expression
on
her
face，she
ignored
our
advice.As
one
novelist
put
9.______，“Virtue
is
far
10._____(good)
than
beauty.”
I
sincerely
hope
that
she
can
have
a
correct
understanding
of
external
beauty，overlook
some
incorrect
comments
from
others，and
focus
her
attention
and
energy
on
learning.
1.to
2.making
3.bothered
4.
skinny
5.
6.which
7.
comprehension
8.
to
pay
9.
it
10.better
六.单句写作
6．这种新方法似乎很成功。
7．我们正在讨论建立煤气厂的地点。
8．我们所取得的任何结果都要核查。
9．什么时候举行运动会还是个问题。
10．据估计我们要用两个月完成这项工作。
6.It
seems
that
the
new
method
is
successful.
7.Where
we
shall
build
the
gas
factory
is
being
discussed./It
is
being
discussed
where
we
shall
build
the
gas
factory.
8.Whatever
result
we
get
must
be
checked.
9.It
is
still
a
question
when
we
shall
have
our
sports
meet./When
we
shall
have
our
sports
meet
is
still
a
question.
10.It
is
estimated
that
the
work
will
take
us
two
months.
