2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
5
Working
the
land句式
That引导的同位语从句
教材
P56
》What
keeps
them
from
doing
so
is
the
fact
that
chemical
farming
serves
the
high
demand
for
food
around
the
world.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学耕作满足了全球对食物的高需求。
考点提炼that
引导的同位语从句
（1）名词后接同位语从句时，如果同位语从句意义完整，则用
that
引导。
（2）在
that
引导的同位语从句中，that
在从句中不作任何成分，也无具体意义，只起连接作用，但是一般不省略，亦不可用
which
替换。
Many
parents
hold
the
view
that
teenagers
shouldn't
spend
too
much
time
online.很多父母都持有这样的观点:青少年不应该花太多时间上网。
》The
news
that
our
team
had
won
thrilled
us
all.我们队获胜的消息使我们所有人为之激动。
归纳拓展
如果同位语从句意义不完整，连接词的选择取决于其所表达的含义:
（1）表示"是否"的含义时，同位语从句要用whether
引导（if一般不引导同位语从句）;
whether
在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。
（2）表示"谁""哪个""什么"的含义时，同位语从句要分别用who，which，what
引导。
（3）表示"什么时候""哪里""为什么""如何"的含义时，同位语从句要分别用
when，where，why，how
引导。
I
have
no
idea
whether
he
will
come.我不知道他是否会来。
The
committee
hasn't
solved
the
problem
who
should
be
in
charge
of
the
key
project.委员会还没有解决谁应该负责那个重点项目的问题。
I
have
no
idea
what
she
is
doing
in
the
next
room
now.我不知道她现在正在隔壁房间里做什么。
》There
arose
the
question
where
we
could
get
the
machine.这样就产生了一个问题;我们到哪里能找到那台机器。
》My
original
question，why
she
did
that，has
not
been
answered.她为什么做那件事，我的这个最初的问题还没有得到回答。
特别提醒
（1）有时，同位语从句和它所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，这种同位语从句叫作分隔式同位语从句。
The
news
has
spread
all
over
the
school
that
our
class
won
the
game.我们班赢得比赛的消息已传遍了整个学校。
在
suggestion，order，request
等表示"建议、命令、要求"等意义的名词后面的同
.位语从句中，其谓语部分要用"should＋动词原形"的形式，其中
should
可以省略。
>His
suggestion
that
the
meeting（should）be
cancelled
was
turned
down.他提出的取消会议的建议被拒绝了。
》辨析比较
that
引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
类别
性质
功能
引导词
that
的作用
同位语从句
名词性
对前面的名词进行解释说明，是名词内容的体现。
只起连接作用，不作成分，但一般不能省略。
定语从句
形容词性
对前面的名词进行修饰或限定。
起连接从句的作用，在从句中充当主语或宾语。
The
news
that
our
team
won
the
debate
is
true.我们队赢得那场辩论的消息是真的。（that
引导的是同位语从句，从句解释说明
The
news
的内容，that
在从句中不作成分，但一般不可省略）
The
news
that
he
told
me
yesterday
is
true.他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。（that
引导的是定语从句，that
在从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可用
which
替换）
1.判断下列句子中画线部分的从句类型
?The
suggestion
that
the
meeting
be
delayed
was
put
forward.
?The
suggestion
that
he
put
forward
at
the
meeting
yesterday
was
turned
down.
2.
语法填空
?（天津单项填空改编）The
possibility______________there
is
life
on
other
planets
in
the
universe
has
always
inspired
scientists
to
explore
the
outer
space.
?There
is
potentially
good
news
for
coffee-lovers____________
drinking
two
to
three
cups
of
coffee
a
day
may
help
people
lie
longer.
?The
question____________
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer
since
it
is
certain
that
this
process
will
continue.
④—Is
it
true
that
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday?
—Yeah,
but
I
have
no
idea_______
he
did
it;
that’s
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
?I
had
no
idea__________
he
went
home,
perhaps
by
bike.
?We
should
consider
the
students'
request________
the
school
library_________(provide)more
books
on
science.
同位语从句
1．
概念：
位语从句，指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系
2．
结构：
?先行词+从句
We
heard
the
news
that
our
volleyball
team
had
won
the
match．
3．
用法：
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等．
1）that引导
that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句．that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用．同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）The
idea
that
you
can
do
this
work
well
without
thinking
is
quite
wrong．
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的．（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词（如demand，wish，suggestion，resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
There
was
a
suggestion
that
Brown
should
be
dropped
from
the
team．
有一项建议是布朗应该离队．
2）?whether引导
The
question
whether
we
should
call
in
a
specialist
was
answered
by
the
family
doctor．
我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定．
3）连接代词what，who，whom，whose，引导同位语从句
I
have
no
idea
what
size
shoes
she
wears．
我不知道她穿几号的鞋．（what作定语）
The
question
who
will
take
his
place
is
still
not
clear．
（who作主语）
4）连接副词when，where，how，why引导
We
haven't
yet
settled
the
question
where
we
are
going
to
spend
our
summer
vacation．
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定．
4．
易混淆点：
要区分开同位语从句与定语从句
从语法角度来看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起语法作用，用来连接同位语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，不省略；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它除了起引导从句的语法作用之外，还要在从句中充当句子成分主要是作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略．
例如：
同位语从句：
The
fact
that
he
succeeded
in
the
experiment
pleased
everybody．他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴．（that只起连接作用）
定语从句：
The
fact
that
（which）
we
talked
about
is
very
important．我们所谈论的那个事实很重要．（that在从句中作about的宾语）
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．The
thought
________
we
could
catch
sight
of
goats,
bears
and
eagles
was
exciting
indeed.
2．To
this
day,
there
is
some
doubt
_________
he
shot
himself
or
was
murdered.
3．There’s
a
possibility
______
we
will
travel
to
Europe
this
summer
vacation.
4．The
idea
______
you
can
do
this
work
well
without
thinking
is
quite
wrong.
5．we
are
delighted
at
the
news
______
our
team
has
won.
6．I
have
no
idea
______
the
cell
phone
isn’t
working,
so
could
you
fix
it
for
me?
7．We
shared
the
belief
______
if
you’re
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something
back.
8．There
is
some
doubt_______
he
will
continue
to
be
successful
in
future.
9．Word
came
_________
a
new
teaching
building
would
be
built
in
our
school
next
year.
10．The
only
way
to
succeed
at
the
highest
level
is
to
have
total
belief______you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field.
11．You
have
not
yet
answered
my
question____I
can
join
in
the
party
tonight
or
not.
12．They
are
discussing
the
problem
________
they
should
stop
investing
money
in
that
project.
13．I
have
no
idea
_____
he
did
that
afternoon.
14．This
is
another
proof_________
he
killed
a
man.
15．Chances
are__________
China
and
Russia
will
make
an
agreement
to
build
an
oil
pipeline
in
2019.
16．The
professor
gave
orders
___________the
test
be
finished
before
6
o’clock.
17．There
is
some
evidence_______he
was
there
on
the
night
of
the
murder.
18．The
fact
has
worried
many
scientists
_______
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
these
years.
19．While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°,there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
20．The
news
_________her
child
was
safe
made
her
calm
down.
21．His
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
________
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do
.
22．I
have
no
idea
________
he
comes
from.
23．He
often
asked
me
the
question
________
the
work
was
worth
doing.
24．There
is
no
doubt
________
he
is
not
fit
for
the
job.
25．The
fact
________
she
had
not
said
anything
surprised
all
of
us.
26．Do
you
have
any
idea
________
he
will
come
or
not
next
week？
27．The
manager
didn’t
answer
the
question
________
would
take
his
place.
28．He
gave
us
many
suggestions
________
we
get
up
earlier
and
take
more
exercise.
29．I
have
no
idea
________
the
project
will
be
finished.
30．Who
can
think
of
an
idea
________
we
should
do
with
the
waste
water？
31．The
idea
______
some
people
are
superior
to
others
is
sheer
nonsense.
32．We
haven’t
yet
settled
the
question
______
we
are
going
to
spend
our
summer
vacation.
33．People
used
to
hold
the
belief
______
the
earth
was
the
center
of
the
universe.
34．Our
teacher
gave
us
the
suggestion
______
we
should
do
experiments
in
a
scientific
way.
35．We
heard
the
news
last
night
______
the
Queen
of
England
was
on
a
four-day
visit
in
China.
36．I
have
no
idea
______
wine
is
the
best—it’s
a
matter
of
personal
taste.
37．The
question
______
we
should
call
in
a
specialist
was
answered
by
the
family
doctor.
38．The
suggestion
______
students
should
be
given
more
free
time
is
welcomed
by
many
people.
39．The
question
______
will
take
his
place
is
still
not
clear.
40．An
idea
occurred
to
me
______
I
could
turn
to
one
of
my
old
classmates
for
help.
二、完成句子
41．毫无疑问，他的优势在于他能用英语与外国人交流的能力。
________
________
________
________
________
his
advantage
lies
in
his
ability
to
communicate
with
foreigners
in
English.
42．他向我保证一周内将货送到。
He
________
he
would
deliver
the
goods
in
one
week.
43．我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
The
news__________________________________________is
exciting.
44．我已经读了这个通知，我们学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。
I
have
read
the
notice
__________________________________________.
45．我的感觉是他并不很喜欢我。
I
got
the
feeling________________________
me
much.
翻译句子
1.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
————————————————————————————————————－
2.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。
—————————————————————————————————————
3.
政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。
—————————————————————————————————————
4.
我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
—————————————————————————————————————
5.
我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
—————————————————————————————————————
?
对你生病这件事，他们都很担心。
—————————————————————————————————————
7.
我不知道他现在在干什么。
—————————————————————————————————————
8.
谁来做一这个演讲的问题还不确定。
—————————————————————————————————————2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
5
Working
the
land句式
That引导的同位语从句
教材
P56
》What
keeps
them
from
doing
so
is
the
fact
that
chemical
farming
serves
the
high
demand
for
food
around
the
world.
阻止他们这样做的原因是化学耕作满足了全球对食物的高需求。
考点提炼that
引导的同位语从句
（1）名词后接同位语从句时，如果同位语从句意义完整，则用
that
引导。
（2）在
that
引导的同位语从句中，that
在从句中不作任何成分，也无具体意义，只起连接作用，但是一般不省略，亦不可用
which
替换。
Many
parents
hold
the
view
that
teenagers
shouldn't
spend
too
much
time
online.很多父母都持有这样的观点:青少年不应该花太多时间上网。
》The
news
that
our
team
had
won
thrilled
us
all.我们队获胜的消息使我们所有人为之激动。
归纳拓展
如果同位语从句意义不完整，连接词的选择取决于其所表达的含义:
（1）表示"是否"的含义时，同位语从句要用whether
引导（if一般不引导同位语从句）;
whether
在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用。
（2）表示"谁""哪个""什么"的含义时，同位语从句要分别用who，which，what
引导。
（3）表示"什么时候""哪里""为什么""如何"的含义时，同位语从句要分别用
when，where，why，how
引导。
I
have
no
idea
whether
he
will
come.我不知道他是否会来。
The
committee
hasn't
solved
the
problem
who
should
be
in
charge
of
the
key
project.委员会还没有解决谁应该负责那个重点项目的问题。
I
have
no
idea
what
she
is
doing
in
the
next
room
now.我不知道她现在正在隔壁房间里做什么。
》There
arose
the
question
where
we
could
get
the
machine.这样就产生了一个问题;我们到哪里能找到那台机器。
》My
original
question，why
she
did
that，has
not
been
answered.她为什么做那件事，我的这个最初的问题还没有得到回答。
特别提醒
（1）有时，同位语从句和它所说明的名词会被其他成分隔开，这种同位语从句叫作分隔式同位语从句。
The
news
has
spread
all
over
the
school
that
our
class
won
the
game.我们班赢得比赛的消息已传遍了整个学校。
在
suggestion，order，request
等表示"建议、命令、要求"等意义的名词后面的同
.位语从句中，其谓语部分要用"should＋动词原形"的形式，其中
should
可以省略。
>His
suggestion
that
the
meeting（should）be
cancelled
was
turned
down.他提出的取消会议的建议被拒绝了。
》辨析比较
that
引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别
类别
性质
功能
引导词
that
的作用
同位语从句
名词性
对前面的名词进行解释说明，是名词内容的体现。
只起连接作用，不作成分，但一般不能省略。
定语从句
形容词性
对前面的名词进行修饰或限定。
起连接从句的作用，在从句中充当主语或宾语。
The
news
that
our
team
won
the
debate
is
true.我们队赢得那场辩论的消息是真的。（that
引导的是同位语从句，从句解释说明
The
news
的内容，that
在从句中不作成分，但一般不可省略）
The
news
that
he
told
me
yesterday
is
true.他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。（that
引导的是定语从句，that
在从句中作宾语，可以省略，也可用
which
替换）
1.判断下列句子中画线部分的从句类型
?The
suggestion
that
the
meeting
be
delayed
was
put
forward.
?The
suggestion
that
he
put
forward
at
the
meeting
yesterday
was
turned
down.
2.
语法填空
?（天津单项填空改编）The
possibility______________there
is
life
on
other
planets
in
the
universe
has
always
inspired
scientists
to
explore
the
outer
space.
?There
is
potentially
good
news
for
coffee-lovers____________
drinking
two
to
three
cups
of
coffee
a
day
may
help
people
lie
longer.
?The
question____________
English
will
keep
on
changing
in
the
future
is
easy
to
answer
since
it
is
certain
that
this
process
will
continue.
④—Is
it
true
that
Mike
refused
an
offer
from
Yale
University
yesterday?
—Yeah,
but
I
have
no
idea_______
he
did
it;
that’s
one
of
his
favorite
universities.
?I
had
no
idea__________
he
went
home,
perhaps
by
bike.
?We
should
consider
the
students'
request________
the
school
library_________(provide)more
books
on
science.
【答案解析】1.?同位语从句
?定语从句
2.?that
?that
?whether?why
?how
?that;
(should)provide
同位语从句
1．
概念：
位语从句，指的是在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴，同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系
2．
结构：
?先行词+从句
We
heard
the
news
that
our
volleyball
team
had
won
the
match．
3．
用法：
引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that，whether，连接代词和连接副词等．
1）that引导
that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句．that不能省略，没有具体的意思，不充当句子成分，只起连接作用．同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略）The
idea
that
you
can
do
this
work
well
without
thinking
is
quite
wrong．
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的．（作idea的同位语）
【注意1】在某些名词（如demand，wish，suggestion，resolution等）后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
There
was
a
suggestion
that
Brown
should
be
dropped
from
the
team．
有一项建议是布朗应该离队．
2）?whether引导
The
question
whether
we
should
call
in
a
specialist
was
answered
by
the
family
doctor．
我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定．
3）连接代词what，who，whom，whose，引导同位语从句
I
have
no
idea
what
size
shoes
she
wears．
我不知道她穿几号的鞋．（what作定语）
The
question
who
will
take
his
place
is
still
not
clear．
（who作主语）
4）连接副词when，where，how，why引导
We
haven't
yet
settled
the
question
where
we
are
going
to
spend
our
summer
vacation．
到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定．
4．
易混淆点：
要区分开同位语从句与定语从句
从语法角度来看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起语法作用，用来连接同位语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，不省略；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，它除了起引导从句的语法作用之外，还要在从句中充当句子成分主要是作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略．
例如：
同位语从句：
The
fact
that
he
succeeded
in
the
experiment
pleased
everybody．他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴．（that只起连接作用）
定语从句：
The
fact
that
（which）
we
talked
about
is
very
important．我们所谈论的那个事实很重要．（that在从句中作about的宾语）
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．The
thought
________
we
could
catch
sight
of
goats,
bears
and
eagles
was
exciting
indeed.
2．To
this
day,
there
is
some
doubt
_________
he
shot
himself
or
was
murdered.
3．There’s
a
possibility
______
we
will
travel
to
Europe
this
summer
vacation.
4．The
idea
______
you
can
do
this
work
well
without
thinking
is
quite
wrong.
5．we
are
delighted
at
the
news
______
our
team
has
won.
6．I
have
no
idea
______
the
cell
phone
isn’t
working,
so
could
you
fix
it
for
me?
7．We
shared
the
belief
______
if
you’re
fortunate
enough
to
have
success,
you
should
put
something
back.
8．There
is
some
doubt_______
he
will
continue
to
be
successful
in
future.
9．Word
came
_________
a
new
teaching
building
would
be
built
in
our
school
next
year.
10．The
only
way
to
succeed
at
the
highest
level
is
to
have
total
belief______you
are
better
than
anyone
else
on
the
sports
field.
11．You
have
not
yet
answered
my
question____I
can
join
in
the
party
tonight
or
not.
12．They
are
discussing
the
problem
________
they
should
stop
investing
money
in
that
project.
13．I
have
no
idea
_____
he
did
that
afternoon.
14．This
is
another
proof_________
he
killed
a
man.
15．Chances
are__________
China
and
Russia
will
make
an
agreement
to
build
an
oil
pipeline
in
2019.
16．The
professor
gave
orders
___________the
test
be
finished
before
6
o’clock.
17．There
is
some
evidence_______he
was
there
on
the
night
of
the
murder.
18．The
fact
has
worried
many
scientists
_______
the
earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
warmer
these
years.
19．While
they
are
rare
north
of
88°,there
is
evidence
________
they
range
all
the
way
across
the
Arctic,
and
as
far
south
as
James
Bay
in
Canada.
20．The
news
_________her
child
was
safe
made
her
calm
down.
21．His
manager
put
forward
a
suggestion
________
we
should
have
an
assistant.There
is
too
much
work
to
do
.
22．I
have
no
idea
________
he
comes
from.
23．He
often
asked
me
the
question
________
the
work
was
worth
doing.
24．There
is
no
doubt
________
he
is
not
fit
for
the
job.
25．The
fact
________
she
had
not
said
anything
surprised
all
of
us.
26．Do
you
have
any
idea
________
he
will
come
or
not
next
week？
27．The
manager
didn’t
answer
the
question
________
would
take
his
place.
28．He
gave
us
many
suggestions
________
we
get
up
earlier
and
take
more
exercise.
29．I
have
no
idea
________
the
project
will
be
finished.
30．Who
can
think
of
an
idea
________
we
should
do
with
the
waste
water？
31．The
idea
______
some
people
are
superior
to
others
is
sheer
nonsense.
32．We
haven’t
yet
settled
the
question
______
we
are
going
to
spend
our
summer
vacation.
33．People
used
to
hold
the
belief
______
the
earth
was
the
center
of
the
universe.
34．Our
teacher
gave
us
the
suggestion
______
we
should
do
experiments
in
a
scientific
way.
35．We
heard
the
news
last
night
______
the
Queen
of
England
was
on
a
four-day
visit
in
China.
36．I
have
no
idea
______
wine
is
the
best—it’s
a
matter
of
personal
taste.
37．The
question
______
we
should
call
in
a
specialist
was
answered
by
the
family
doctor.
38．The
suggestion
______
students
should
be
given
more
free
time
is
welcomed
by
many
people.
39．The
question
______
will
take
his
place
is
still
not
clear.
40．An
idea
occurred
to
me
______
I
could
turn
to
one
of
my
old
classmates
for
help.
二、完成句子
41．毫无疑问，他的优势在于他能用英语与外国人交流的能力。
________
________
________
________
________
his
advantage
lies
in
his
ability
to
communicate
with
foreigners
in
English.
42．他向我保证一周内将货送到。
He
________
he
would
deliver
the
goods
in
one
week.
43．我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
The
news__________________________________________is
exciting.
44．我已经读了这个通知，我们学校广播站需要两名英语播音员。
I
have
read
the
notice
__________________________________________.
45．我的感觉是他并不很喜欢我。
I
got
the
feeling________________________
me
much.
翻译句子
1.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。
————————————————————————————————————－
2.采纳新规则的建议是主席提出来的。
—————————————————————————————————————
3.
政府下令三个星期内所有这些房子都要拆掉。
—————————————————————————————————————
4.
我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。
—————————————————————————————————————
5.
我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。
—————————————————————————————————————
?
对你生病这件事，他们都很担心。
—————————————————————————————————————
7.
我不知道他现在在干什么。
—————————————————————————————————————
8.
谁来做一这个演讲的问题还不确定。
—————————————————————————————————————
参考答案
1．that
2．whether
3．that
4．that
5．that
6．why
7．that
8．whether
9．that
10．that
11．whether
12．whether
13．what
14．that
15．that
16．that
17．that
18．that
19．that
20．that
21．that
22．where
23．whether
24．that
25．that
26．whether
27．who
28．that
29．when
30．what
31．that
32．where
33．that
34．that
35．that
36．which
37．whether
38．that
39．who
40．that
41．There
is
no
doubt
that
42．gave
me
a
guarantee
that
43．that
we
won
the
game
44．that
our
school
radio
station
needs
two
English
announcers
45．that
he
didn't
like
翻译
1.
Our
teacher
gave
us
some
advice
how
we
（should）
use
the
computer．
2.
The
suggestion
came
from
the
chairman
that
the
new
rule
（should）
be
adopted．
3.
The
government
gave
the
order
that
all
these
houses
（should）
be
pulled
down
in
three
weeks．
4.
The
news
that
our
women
volleyball
team
had
won
the
championship
encouraged
us
all
greatly．
5.
I've
come
from
Mr
Wang
with
a
message
that
he
won't
be
able
to
see
you
this
afternoon．
6.
They
were
all
very
much
worried
over
the
fact
that
you
were
sick.
7.
I
have
no
idea
what
he
is
doing
now.
8.
The
question
who
should
give
a
speech
is
uncertain.
