2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
5
Working
the
land词汇
Consider
教材语境
P50
》Yuan
considers
himself
a
farmer.袁隆平认为自己是个农民。
用法详解;
（1）vt.认为，觉得
consider
sb./sth.
(to
be)+n./adj.
认为某人/某物…
consider
sb./sth.
(as)+
n./adj.
常见搭配
be
considered
to
have
done
sth.
被认为做了某事
consider（that）...认为…..
consider
it
＋ad.
/n.
+动词不定式
认为……是……的（it
为形式宾语，此时adj.
常为
necessary，important，polite
等）
This
award
is
considered（to
be）a
great
honour.
这个奖被视为极大的荣誉。
He's
considered
to
have
gone
abroad.大家都认为他出国了。
I
consider
that
he
is
fit
for
the
position
of
Sales
Director.
我认为他适合销售部主任一职。
I
consider
it
a
foolish
idea
to
accept
the
invitation.我认为接受这个邀请是一个愚蠢的想法。
（2）vi.&vt.仔细考虑，细想
consider（doing）sth.
考虑（做）某事（注意不接动词不定式作宾语）
consider
＋wh-从句/that
从句
考虑…….
常见措配
consider
+特殊疑问词/whether
+to
do
sth.考虑……
all
things
considered
考虑到所有情况，总而言之
We
are
considering
going
to
Hainan
for
the
Spring
Festival.我们正在考虑去海南过春节。
He
was
considering
what
he
would
do
next.他在考虑下一步要做什么。
He
has
never
considered
how
to
solve
the
problem.他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。
All
things
considered，our
high
school
is
the
best
one
in
our
area.总而言之，我们高中.是我们这一地区最好的。
语法填空
1.（全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解改编）As
early
as
1966,biologists
asked
the
government
to
consider
_______________(reintroduce)wolves
to
Yellowstone
Park;
2.The
tiger
shark
is
considered_____________(be)one
of
the
most
dangerous
sharks
in
the
world.
3.
Tu
Youyou
is
considered___________(make)
a
great
contribution
to
the
medical
industry.
4.Bill
considers
_____________harmful
to
stay
up
late
in
the
night.
【答案解析】
1.reintroducing
2.to
be
to
have
made。be
considered
to
have
done
sth.意为"被认为做了某事"。
4.it。此处it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to
stay
up…night。
devote
教材语境
P50
>Indeed，his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers，to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。
用法详解:
devote
vt.献身，专心，致力
devote
one's
life/oneself
to（doing）sth，献身于/致力于（做）某事
devote
one's
time/energy/attention/…to（doing）sth.把某人的时间/精力/注意力/…·用到（
做）某事上
If
you
have
a
job，do
devote
yourself
to
it
and
finally
you’ll
succeed.
你如果有一份工作，务必全身心地投人其中，最终你会成功的。
Volunteers
came
with
carloads
of
donated
clothing
and
toys.Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
helping
others
rebuild.志愿者们带来了一车车捐赠的衣服和玩具。邻居们用他们的空闲时间来帮助别人重建（家园）。（北京高考）
归纳拓展;
相关词语积累∶（1）devoted
adj.
挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的
a
devoted
friend一个忠诚的朋友
be
devoted
to.….
深爱/忠于……;致力于……
（2）devotion
n.【U，sing.
】奉献，忠诚;关爱
Mrs
White,a
devoted
friend
of
mine,devoted
all
her
time
and
energy
to
her
career,
and
her
devotion
made
her
promoted
to
headmistress.怀特夫人，我的一个忠诚的朋友，把她所有的时间和精力都献给了她的事业，她对孩子们的关爱使她被提升为校长。
语法填空
（天津静海一中月考）He
made
up
his
mind
to
devote
all
he
had
to_______(help)
those
poor
children.
2.His________(devote)
to
work
always
earns
him
respect
and
praise
from
both
his
colleagues
and
students.
3.The
energy
mothers
devote__________
their
children
can
be
never-ending,but
children
are
also
sources
of
great
joy
and
happiness.
4.Mr
White
has
been
working
in
the
school
for
about
20
years,________(devote)
all
his
energy
to
teaching
and
researching
as
well
as
the
running
of
the
school.
【答案解析】1.helping。句意∶他下定决心要把他拥有的一切都用于帮助那些可怜的孩子。注意第二个to
为介词。
devotion。句意∶他对工作的投入总能赢得同事们和学生们的尊重和赞扬。
3.to。句意;母亲在她们的孩子身上投入的精力是无穷的，但是孩子也是巨大的快乐和幸福的源泉。
4.devoting。句意;怀特先生已经在这所学校工作了大约
20
年，把他的全部精力用于教学和研究以及这所学校的管理。devote
与其逻辑主语
Mr
White之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
convince
教材语境
P50
》Yuan
was
convinced
that
the
answer
could
be
found
in
the
creation
of
hybrid
rice。袁隆平确信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。
用法详解;
convince
vt.
使相信，使信服;说服，劝说
convince
sb.
（that）…..使某人相信…….
常见措配
convince
sb.
of
sth.使某人相信某事
convince
sb.to
do
sth.说服某人做某事
I
tried
to
convince
myself
that
the
trouble
was
with
the
problem
itself，
not
with
me.我尽力说服自己，麻烦在于这个问题本身，而不在我。（天津高考）
I
hope
this
will
convince
you
to
change
your
mind.我希望这会说服你改变主意。
How
can
I
convince
you
of
her
honesty?我怎样才能使你相信她的诚实呢?
归纳拓展相关词语积累∶
convinced
adj.
坚信，深信，确信（通常描述人的感受）
（be）convinced
of/that
坚信…，确信…
convincing
adj.
令人信服的（通常描述物的特性）
（3）convincingly
adv.令人信服地;有说服力地
He
tried
to
convince
me
of
the
truth
of
the
news
but
he
couldn't
provide
convincing
proof.
Therefore，it
seemed
that
he
didn't
speak
convincingly.他尽力使我相信这个消息的真实性，但他无法提供令人信服的证据，所以他的说法似乎没有说服力。
1.
语法填空
①_____________(convince)
that
the
Belt
and
Road
Initiative（"一带一路"倡议）
will
benefit
China's
economy,we
are
optimistic
about
the
future
of
our
country.
②（2019·北京阅读理解改编）At
this
year's
I/O
Conference,a
company
showed
a
new
voice
technology
able
to
produce
such
a_______________(convince
)
human-sounding
voice
that
it
was
able
to
speak
to
a
receptionist
and
book
a
reservation
without
detection.
③（2020
·广东广州段考）When
I
came
home,
I
really
considered
quitting.However,
I
convinced
myself____________(keep)
at
it
and
try
harder.
2.
完成句子
①（2020
·
广
西
桂
林
检
测）In
conclusion,you
must_____________________（使我相信你的能力）before
you
are
employed.
②（2020·河北保定期末）A
lot
of
research
still
has
to
be
done,but
researchers_______________
（确信哭能减轻压力）.
【答案解析】1.①Convinced
②convincing
③to
keep
2.①convince
me
of
your
ability
②are
convinced
that
crying
can
reduce
stress
assumption
教材语境
P50
》The
common
assumption
then
was
that
it
could
not
be
done.当时人们普遍假设这是这无法做到的。
用法详解
assumption
n.
【C】假定，假设
make
assumptions/an
assumption
about..对…作出假设
常见搭配
on
the
assumption
that.假定…，假设……
work
on
an
assumption
以假定行事
His
arguments
are
full
of
false
assumptions.他的论据全是些不正确的假设。
They
researched
the
customer's
demand
and
made
certain
assumptions
about
the
market
before
production.在生产之前，他们对顾客的需求进行了调套并对市场做了一些推测。
We're
working
on
the
assumption
that
everyone
invited
will
turn
up.我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席，并且正就此作出安排。
归纳拓展
相关词语积累∶
assume
z.假定，认为;承担（责任）
（2）assuming
conj.
假如，假设……为真
assuming（that）.假定….
Assuming
that
you
have
such
experience
before,this
problem
will
be
very
easy
for
you
to
solve.假如你之前有过这样的经验，那解决这个问题对你来说就会很容易。
语法填空
1.Traditional
exercises
like
sit-ups,press-ups
and
pull-ups
are
good
for
building
up
your
strength,_
___________(
assume)
you
do
them
properly.
2.（2018·江苏单项填空改编）Try
to
understand
what's
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the
__________(assume)
you've
made.
（2020·湖北荆门调研）Websites
and
social
networks
track
your
location
and
record
your
search
history
to
make
assumptions_________your
age,
race
and
sex.
4.
What
will
you
do
the
assumption
that
you
can't
beat
him
in
the
first
round
of
the
match?
【答案解析】1.assuming。句意∶如果你运动得当，像仰卧起坐、俯卧撑和引体向上这样的传统运动对于增强你的体力是有好处的。
2.assumption。句意∶尽力去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
3.about。句意∶网站和社交网络跟踪你的位置、记录你的搜索历史，以此来对你的年龄，民族和性别做出假设。
4.on。句意;假定你在第一轮比赛中打不赢他，你将怎么办呢?
estimate
教材语境
P50
》Today，it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains
and
his
strains
have
allowed
China's
farmers
to
produce
around
200
million
tons
of
rice
per
year.据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约
60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨大米。
estimate
用法详解;（1）u.估算，估价。常用于被动语态。
estimate
sth.
at.估算某物为…….
常见搭配
be
estimated
to
be
sth.
被估计为……
It
is
estimated（that）.…..据估计，…
Organizers
estimate
the
crowd
at
30，000.组织者估计聚集的人有3
万。
The
tree
is
estimated
to
be
at
least.700
years
old.这棵树估计至少有700
年树龄。
It
is
estimated（that）the
project
will
last
four
years.据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
（2）n.
【
C】（对数量、成本等的）估计，估价
We
just
need
an
estimate
of
the
number
of
people
who
will
come.我们只需估算一下有少人会来。
语法填空
1.（2020
·河北衡水中学
调研）The
mountain
lion
was
estimated_______________(be)about
2
years
old
and
was
not
fully
grown.
2.（2020·山西太原期末）____________is
estimated
that
a
shocking
68
percent
of
the
world's
inhabitants
will
live
in
cities
by
2050.
【答案解析】1.to
be。句意∶据估计，这只美洲狮大约
2岁，还没有完全长大。
It。句意∶据估计，到
2050
年，将有
68%的世界居民居住在城市里，这个百分比很惊人。
given
教材语境
P51
>Given
that
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
wealthy，one
might
think
he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure.考虑到袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
用法详解
（1）prep.意为"鉴于，考虑到"，构成"given
＋that
从句";在句中常作状语。
Given
their
inexperience，they've
done
a
good
job，考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得不错了。
Usually，I
am
sensible
with
money，given
that
something
unexpected
might
happen.我，花钱通常是很明智的，考虑到可能会发生一些意外。
（2）adj.指定的，所述的，特定的（作前置定语）
In
chess
there
are
typically
about
36
legal
moves
from
any
given
board
position.在国际
.象棋中，从棋盘的任何一个特定方格通常都可以移动大致
36
步。
归纳拓展
"将某事考虑在内"的其他说法∶
take
sth.
into
consideration
considering
(that)...
完成句子
（2020·广东茂名检测）这些讲座对我们高中生产生了积极而深远的影响，因为我们大多不了解未来社会对我们的期望。
The
lectures
have
a
positive
and
far-reaching
effect
on
us
high
school
students_______________
ill-informed
of
what
is
expected
of
us
in
the
future
society.,
2.我们可以查明在特定时间内花在食物上的钱有多少。
We
can
find
out
how
much
money
is
spent
on
food
,________________.
【答案解析】
1.given
that
we
are
mostly
2.in
any
given
period
alternative
教材语境
P55
》
As
an
alternative，some
farmers
have
switched
to
organic
farming,
and
many
customers
have
turned
to
organic
food
when
they
shop
at
the
local
grocery.一些农民已经转向（选择）有机耕作作为一种替代方案，许多顾客在当地食杂店购物时也会选择有机食品。
用法详解
（1）n.【
C】可供选择的事物
an
alternative
to..…的替代品
常见搭配
have
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth.除了做某事之外别无选择
In
pursuing
a
dream,we
might
focus
on
only
one
way
of
making
it
come
true,forgetting
that
there
may
be
alternatives.追求梦想时，我们可能会只聚焦于实现梦想的一种方式，而忘记也许还有其他的选择。
These
communities
are
now
turning
to
recycling
as
a
cheaper
alternative
to
landfill.这些社区现在正开始转向用回收这种较为廉价的方法替代废物填埋法。
Larry
had
concluded
that
he
had
no
alternative
but
to
accept
Paul's
words
as
the
truth.拉里断定他别无选择，只能相信保罗所说的是事实。
（2）adj.可供替代的;非传统的;另类的
an
alternative
method/way
of
doing
sth.
做某事的其他方法
常见搭配
alternative
comedy/lifestyles/values
非传统喜剧/生活方式/价值观j
alternative
energy(=
electricity
or
power
that
is
produced
using
the
energy
from
the
sun，wind，water，etc.）替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等）
Looking
back
on
my
last
term,I
wish
that
I
had
thought
about
alternative
ways
of
learning.回想我的上一学期，我希望自己当初考虑过其他的学习方法。
Some
people
say
schools
need
to
teach
students
tolerance
of
alternative
lifestyles.有些人说学校有必要教育学生学会包容非传统的生活方式。
It
would
provide
hundreds
of
millions
of
dollars
for
research
into
alternative
energy.它可以提供数亿美元用于替代能源的研究。
归纳拓展
相关词汇积累∶
alternatively
adv.（引出第二种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者
The
agency
will
make
travel
arrangements
for
you.Alternatively,you
can
organize
your
own
transport.
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自已安排交通工具。
1.
语法填空
Hotels
are
generally
of
a
good
standard
and
not
to
expensive.____________(alternative
)
you
could
stay
in
an
apartment.
2.
完成句子
（这个问题的其他答案）"Why
should
we
trust
science?"
is
that
scientists
use
the
so
called
scientific
method.
②New
ways
to
treat
this
disease
may_________________（提供一种替代品）
painkillers.
【答案解析】1.Alternatively。句意∶旅馆一般标准高并且不太贵。或者你可以住公寓。
2.①An
alternative
answer
to
the
question②provide
an
alternative
to
depth
教材语境
P56
》Organic
farmers
also
plant
diverse
crops
that
use
different
depths
of
soil
to
help
keep
it
rich.有机耕作的农民也会利用不同深度的土壤耕种不同的农作物，以帮助保持土壤的肥沃。
用法详解
depth
n.【C，U】向下（或向里）的距离;深（度）;【C，usually
pl.】最深处，深渊，极限;【U】详细程度，深度
a
metre/foot.in
depth
一米/一英尺……深
常见搭配
to/at
a
depth
of...
到/在……的深度
in
depth
全面，深入，详细
The
oil
well
extended
several
hundreds
of
feet
in
depth．油井向下延伸了数百英尺。
I
haven’t
looked
at
the
report
in
depth
yet.我还没有细看这份报告。
The
submarine
lies
at
a
depth
of
6，000
feet
in
the
Barents
Sea.这艘潜艇位于巴伦支海下6
000英尺深处。
归纳拓展
相关词语积累∶
deep
into
the
night
直到深夜
be
deep
in
thought
陷入沉思
deep
adj.深的
adv.，在深处，至深处，深深地
deeply
adv.很，非常;强烈地，深刻地
depth
n.深（度）;最深处
deepen
vi&vt味.加深，（使）变深;
vt.增长（知识），加深（理解）
与"deep—depth—deepen"变形相似的词还有∶
adj.
high
wide
long
strong
broad
n.
height
width
length
strength
breadth
V.
heighten
widen
lengthen
strengthen
broaden
语法填空
1.（安徽高考单项填空改编）If
you
come
to
visit
China,you
will
experience
a
culture
of
amazing_______________(deep)
and
variety.
2.（2020·河北衡水中学线上调研）First，you
need
to
evaluate
yourself,
your
values,your
___________(strong),your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,etc.Only
then
should
you
set
your
goals.
3.At
close
to
a
metre
in___________(long),it's
one
of
the
world's
largest
squirrels.
4.The
reunion
diner
helps_______(deep)family
ties
while
the
exchange
of
gifts
and
greetings
enhance
relations
between
friends.
【答案解析】1.depth
2.strengths
3.length
4.deepen
一．语法填空
在空白处填入1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It
is
Saruel
Morse
who
is
considered___________(invent)
what
is
called
the
telegraph
now.
2.John,
my________
friend,
is
___________to
his
work
and
his__________
to
the
work
is
admirable.
(devote)
3.
The
rapid__________(expand)
of
cities
can
cause
social
and
economic
problems.
4.（2020·山东临沂期末）_________
is
estimated
that
lack
of
exercise
could
be
responsible
for
around
one
in
ten
cases
of
heart
disease
and
cause
most
of
the
health
problems.
5.To
work
out
a
solution
to
the
problem
of
water_________(short),we
have
to
put
all
our
efforts
together.
6.Outwardly,she
seemed
confident
but
in_________(real)
she
felt
extremely
nervous.
7.Researchers
have
found
clear
and__________(
convince)
evidence
that
happiness
is
the
key
to
better
heath
and
longer
lives.
答案解析：1.to
have
invented
2.devoted;devoted;
devotion
3.expansion
4.it
5.shortage
6.reality
7.convincing
二．完成句子
1.这些措施将使我们能够更好地应对当前的危机，促进经济的复苏和增长。
These
measures
will
enable
us_________and
promote
economic
recovery
and
growth
better.(tackle)
2.说服是一种使他人相信你的观点的艺术。
Persuasion
is
the
art
of_________your
point
of
view.(convince)
3.他们估计这辆轿车的维修费用为
800
美元。
They
__________
to
repair
the
car__________________(
estimate).
4.鉴于人口在过去几年里快速增长，存在食物短缺的现象就不足为奇了。
_________________________in
the
past
few
years,
it
is
hardly
surprising
that
there
exists
a
food
shortage.(given)
5.那本书被公认为是
21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。
___________________the
book
is
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
in
the21st
century.（recognise，it作形式主语）
答案解析：1.to
tackle
the
current
crisis
2.convincing
others
to
agree
with
3.estimate
the
cost;
at
$
800
4.Given
that
the
population
has
increased
rapidly
5.It
is
recognised
that
三．课文语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan
Longping,
known
as
the
"father
of
hybrid
rice",
was
born
in
1930.____1____(learn)that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
___2_____(short)of
food
to
eat,he
chose
to
study
agriculture
and
graduated
from
Southwest
Agricultural
College
in
1953.
Since
his
graduation,Yuan
___3_____(devote)his
life
to
finding
ways
to
produce
more
rice.Through
intense
effort,
he
overcame
enormous
technical____4_____(difficulty)to
develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
___5____could
be
used
for
farming
in
1974.This
hybrid
enabled
farmers
to
expand
their
output_____6____(great).
Today,____7_____
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
____8_____(generate)from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
Yuan's
innovation,has
helped
feed
not
just
China,but
many
other
countries
that
depend
___9__
rice
as
well.
Though
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
____10_____(wealth),he
doesn’t
lead
a
life
of
leisure.Instead,
he
donates
much
money
to
support
agricultural
research.
Despite
his
advanced
years,Yuan
Longping
is
still
young
at
heart
and
full
of
vision,and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
what
he
will
dream
up
next.
答案解析：
1.Learning。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，且主语
he
与learn
之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，空处应用现在分词形式，故填
Learning。
2.shortage。考查名词。根据空前的形容词
serious
及冠词a可知，此处应填名词形式，表示"短缺"，故填
shortage。
3.has
devoted。考查动词的时态。根据
Since
可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语
Yuan为第三人称单数，故填
has
devoted。
4.difficulties。考查名词的数。difficulty表示"难题，难事"时，为可数名词，且空前有
enormous
修饰，故填复数形式。
5.that。考查定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，其先行词为
hybrid
rice，因为先行词被序数词修饰，所以只能用关系代词
that
而不能用
which。
6.greatly。考查副词。空处修饰动词
expand，应用副词。
7.it。
考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的形式主语，真正的主语是
that
引导的从句，故填
it。
8.generated。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，（generate）
from
Yuan's
hybird
strains作后置定语修饰crops，且
generate与crops之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词形式，故填generated。
9.on考查介词。depend
on为固定搭配，意为"依赖"。
10.wealthy。考查形容词。由句意及空前的副词quite可知，空处应填形容词，故用wealthy
表示"富裕的"。2021-2022学年人教版（2019）选择性必修一：
Unit
5
Working
the
land词汇
Consider
教材语境
P50
》Yuan
considers
himself
a
farmer.袁隆平认为自己是个农民。
用法详解;
（1）vt.认为，觉得
consider
sb./sth.
(to
be)+n./adj.
认为某人/某物…
consider
sb./sth.
(as)+
n./adj.
常见搭配
be
considered
to
have
done
sth.
被认为做了某事
consider（that）...认为…..
consider
it
＋ad.
/n.
+动词不定式
认为……是……的（it
为形式宾语，此时adj.
常为
necessary，important，polite
等）
This
award
is
considered（to
be）a
great
honour.
这个奖被视为极大的荣誉。
He's
considered
to
have
gone
abroad.大家都认为他出国了。
I
consider
that
he
is
fit
for
the
position
of
Sales
Director.
我认为他适合销售部主任一职。
I
consider
it
a
foolish
idea
to
accept
the
invitation.我认为接受这个邀请是一个愚蠢的想法。
（2）vi.&vt.仔细考虑，细想
consider（doing）sth.
考虑（做）某事（注意不接动词不定式作宾语）
consider
＋wh-从句/that
从句
考虑…….
常见措配
consider
+特殊疑问词/whether
+to
do
sth.考虑……
all
things
considered
考虑到所有情况，总而言之
We
are
considering
going
to
Hainan
for
the
Spring
Festival.我们正在考虑去海南过春节。
He
was
considering
what
he
would
do
next.他在考虑下一步要做什么。
He
has
never
considered
how
to
solve
the
problem.他从未考虑过如何解决这个问题。
All
things
considered，our
high
school
is
the
best
one
in
our
area.总而言之，我们高中.是我们这一地区最好的。
语法填空
1.（全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解改编）As
early
as
1966,biologists
asked
the
government
to
consider
_______________(reintroduce)wolves
to
Yellowstone
Park;
2.The
tiger
shark
is
considered_____________(be)one
of
the
most
dangerous
sharks
in
the
world.
3.
Tu
Youyou
is
considered___________(make)
a
great
contribution
to
the
medical
industry.
4.Bill
considers
_____________harmful
to
stay
up
late
in
the
night.
devote
教材语境
P50
>Indeed，his
slim
but
strong
body
is
just
like
that
of
millions
of
Chinese
farmers，to
whom
he
has
devoted
his
life.确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯，与其为之奉献毕生的千千万万的中国农民无异。
用法详解:
devote
vt.献身，专心，致力
devote
one's
life/oneself
to（doing）sth，献身于/致力于（做）某事
devote
one's
time/energy/attention/…to（doing）sth.把某人的时间/精力/注意力/…·用到（
做）某事上
If
you
have
a
job，do
devote
yourself
to
it
and
finally
you’ll
succeed.
你如果有一份工作，务必全身心地投人其中，最终你会成功的。
Volunteers
came
with
carloads
of
donated
clothing
and
toys.Neighbors
devoted
their
spare
time
to
helping
others
rebuild.志愿者们带来了一车车捐赠的衣服和玩具。邻居们用他们的空闲时间来帮助别人重建（家园）。（北京高考）
归纳拓展;
相关词语积累∶（1）devoted
adj.
挚爱的，忠诚的，全心全意的
a
devoted
friend一个忠诚的朋友
be
devoted
to.….
深爱/忠于……;致力于……
（2）devotion
n.【U，sing.
】奉献，忠诚;关爱
Mrs
White,a
devoted
friend
of
mine,devoted
all
her
time
and
energy
to
her
career,
and
her
devotion
made
her
promoted
to
headmistress.怀特夫人，我的一个忠诚的朋友，把她所有的时间和精力都献给了她的事业，她对孩子们的关爱使她被提升为校长。
语法填空
（天津静海一中月考）He
made
up
his
mind
to
devote
all
he
had
to_______(help)
those
poor
children.
2.His________(devote)
to
work
always
earns
him
respect
and
praise
from
both
his
colleagues
and
students.
3.The
energy
mothers
devote__________
their
children
can
be
never-ending,but
children
are
also
sources
of
great
joy
and
happiness.
4.Mr
White
has
been
working
in
the
school
for
about
20
years,________(devote)
all
his
energy
to
teaching
and
researching
as
well
as
the
running
of
the
school.
4.devoting。句意;怀特先生已经在这所学校工作了大约
20
年，把他的全部精力用于教学和研究以及这所学校的管理。devote
与其逻辑主语
Mr
White之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
convince
教材语境
P50
》Yuan
was
convinced
that
the
answer
could
be
found
in
the
creation
of
hybrid
rice。袁隆平确信，可以在杂交水稻的培育中找到答案。
用法详解;
convince
vt.
使相信，使信服;说服，劝说
convince
sb.
（that）…..使某人相信…….
常见措配
convince
sb.
of
sth.使某人相信某事
convince
sb.to
do
sth.说服某人做某事
I
tried
to
convince
myself
that
the
trouble
was
with
the
problem
itself，
not
with
me.我尽力说服自己，麻烦在于这个问题本身，而不在我。（天津高考）
I
hope
this
will
convince
you
to
change
your
mind.我希望这会说服你改变主意。
How
can
I
convince
you
of
her
honesty?我怎样才能使你相信她的诚实呢?
归纳拓展相关词语积累∶
convinced
adj.
坚信，深信，确信（通常描述人的感受）
（be）convinced
of/that
坚信…，确信…
convincing
adj.
令人信服的（通常描述物的特性）
（3）convincingly
adv.令人信服地;有说服力地
He
tried
to
convince
me
of
the
truth
of
the
news
but
he
couldn't
provide
convincing
proof.
Therefore，it
seemed
that
he
didn't
speak
convincingly.他尽力使我相信这个消息的真实性，但他无法提供令人信服的证据，所以他的说法似乎没有说服力。
1.
语法填空
①_____________(convince)
that
the
Belt
and
Road
Initiative（"一带一路"倡议）
will
benefit
China's
economy,we
are
optimistic
about
the
future
of
our
country.
②（2019·北京阅读理解改编）At
this
year's
I/O
Conference,a
company
showed
a
new
voice
technology
able
to
produce
such
a_______________(convince
)
human-sounding
voice
that
it
was
able
to
speak
to
a
receptionist
and
book
a
reservation
without
detection.
③（2020
·广东广州段考）When
I
came
home,
I
really
considered
quitting.However,
I
convinced
myself____________(keep)
at
it
and
try
harder.
2.
完成句子
①（2020
·
广
西
桂
林
检
测）In
conclusion,you
must_____________________（使我相信你的能力）before
you
are
employed.
②（2020·河北保定期末）A
lot
of
research
still
has
to
be
done,but
researchers_______________
（确信哭能减轻压力）.
assumption
教材语境
P50
》The
common
assumption
then
was
that
it
could
not
be
done.当时人们普遍假设这是这无法做到的。
用法详解
assumption
n.
【C】假定，假设
make
assumptions/an
assumption
about..对…作出假设
常见搭配
on
the
assumption
that.假定…，假设……
work
on
an
assumption
以假定行事
His
arguments
are
full
of
false
assumptions.他的论据全是些不正确的假设。
They
researched
the
customer's
demand
and
made
certain
assumptions
about
the
market
before
production.在生产之前，他们对顾客的需求进行了调套并对市场做了一些推测。
We're
working
on
the
assumption
that
everyone
invited
will
turn
up.我们假定每一个人都会应邀出席，并且正就此作出安排。
归纳拓展
相关词语积累∶
assume
z.假定，认为;承担（责任）
（2）assuming
conj.
假如，假设……为真
assuming（that）.假定….
Assuming
that
you
have
such
experience
before,this
problem
will
be
very
easy
for
you
to
solve.假如你之前有过这样的经验，那解决这个问题对你来说就会很容易。
语法填空
1.Traditional
exercises
like
sit-ups,press-ups
and
pull-ups
are
good
for
building
up
your
strength,_
___________(
assume)
you
do
them
properly.
2.（2018·江苏单项填空改编）Try
to
understand
what's
actually
happening
instead
of
acting
on
the
__________(assume)
you've
made.
（2020·湖北荆门调研）Websites
and
social
networks
track
your
location
and
record
your
search
history
to
make
assumptions_________your
age,
race
and
sex.
What
will
you
do
the
assumption
that
you
can't
beat
him
in
the
first
round
of
the
match?
estimate
教材语境
P50
》Today，it
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
generated
from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains
and
his
strains
have
allowed
China's
farmers
to
produce
around
200
million
tons
of
rice
per
year.据估算，现在中国国内消费的大米有大约
60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种（形成的作物）让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨大米。
estimate
用法详解;（1）u.估算，估价。常用于被动语态。
estimate
sth.
at.估算某物为…….
常见搭配
be
estimated
to
be
sth.
被估计为……
It
is
estimated（that）.…..据估计，…
Organizers
estimate
the
crowd
at
30，000.组织者估计聚集的人有3
万。
The
tree
is
estimated
to
be
at
least.700
years
old.这棵树估计至少有700
年树龄。
It
is
estimated（that）the
project
will
last
four
years.据估计，这项工程将持续四年。
（2）n.
【
C】（对数量、成本等的）估计，估价
We
just
need
an
estimate
of
the
number
of
people
who
will
come.我们只需估算一下有少人会来。
语法填空
1.（2020
·河北衡水中学
调研）The
mountain
lion
was
estimated_______________(be)about
2
years
old
and
was
not
fully
grown.
2.（2020·山西太原期末）____________is
estimated
that
a
shocking
68
percent
of
the
world's
inhabitants
will
live
in
cities
by
2050.
given
教材语境
P51
>Given
that
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
wealthy，one
might
think
he
would
retire
to
a
life
of
leisure.考虑到袁隆平开发杂交水稻而变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
用法详解
（1）prep.意为"鉴于，考虑到"，构成"given
＋that
从句";在句中常作状语。
Given
their
inexperience，they've
done
a
good
job，考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得不错了。
Usually，I
am
sensible
with
money，given
that
something
unexpected
might
happen.我，花钱通常是很明智的，考虑到可能会发生一些意外。
（2）adj.指定的，所述的，特定的（作前置定语）
In
chess
there
are
typically
about
36
legal
moves
from
any
given
board
position.在国际
.象棋中，从棋盘的任何一个特定方格通常都可以移动大致
36
步。
归纳拓展
"将某事考虑在内"的其他说法∶
take
sth.
into
consideration
considering
(that)...
完成句子
（2020·广东茂名检测）这些讲座对我们高中生产生了积极而深远的影响，因为我们大多不了解未来社会对我们的期望。
The
lectures
have
a
positive
and
far-reaching
effect
on
us
high
school
students_______________
ill-informed
of
what
is
expected
of
us
in
the
future
society.,
2.我们可以查明在特定时间内花在食物上的钱有多少。
We
can
find
out
how
much
money
is
spent
on
food
,________________.
alternative
教材语境
P55
》
As
an
alternative，some
farmers
have
switched
to
organic
farming,
and
many
customers
have
turned
to
organic
food
when
they
shop
at
the
local
grocery.一些农民已经转向（选择）有机耕作作为一种替代方案，许多顾客在当地食杂店购物时也会选择有机食品。
用法详解
（1）n.【
C】可供选择的事物
an
alternative
to..…的替代品
常见搭配
have
no
alternative
but
to
do
sth.除了做某事之外别无选择
In
pursuing
a
dream,we
might
focus
on
only
one
way
of
making
it
come
true,forgetting
that
there
may
be
alternatives.追求梦想时，我们可能会只聚焦于实现梦想的一种方式，而忘记也许还有其他的选择。
These
communities
are
now
turning
to
recycling
as
a
cheaper
alternative
to
landfill.这些社区现在正开始转向用回收这种较为廉价的方法替代废物填埋法。
Larry
had
concluded
that
he
had
no
alternative
but
to
accept
Paul's
words
as
the
truth.拉里断定他别无选择，只能相信保罗所说的是事实。
（2）adj.可供替代的;非传统的;另类的
an
alternative
method/way
of
doing
sth.
做某事的其他方法
常见搭配
alternative
comedy/lifestyles/values
非传统喜剧/生活方式/价值观j
alternative
energy(=
electricity
or
power
that
is
produced
using
the
energy
from
the
sun，wind，water，etc.）替代能源（指太阳能、风能、水能等）
Looking
back
on
my
last
term,I
wish
that
I
had
thought
about
alternative
ways
of
learning.回想我的上一学期，我希望自己当初考虑过其他的学习方法。
Some
people
say
schools
need
to
teach
students
tolerance
of
alternative
lifestyles.有些人说学校有必要教育学生学会包容非传统的生活方式。
It
would
provide
hundreds
of
millions
of
dollars
for
research
into
alternative
energy.它可以提供数亿美元用于替代能源的研究。
归纳拓展
相关词汇积累∶
alternatively
adv.（引出第二种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者
The
agency
will
make
travel
arrangements
for
you.Alternatively,you
can
organize
your
own
transport.
旅行社将为你安排旅行，或者你也可以自已安排交通工具。
1.
语法填空
Hotels
are
generally
of
a
good
standard
and
not
to
expensive.____________(alternative
)
you
could
stay
in
an
apartment.
2.
完成句子
（这个问题的其他答案）"Why
should
we
trust
science?"
is
that
scientists
use
the
so
called
scientific
method.
②New
ways
to
treat
this
disease
may_________________（提供一种替代品）
painkillers.
depth
教材语境
P56
》Organic
farmers
also
plant
diverse
crops
that
use
different
depths
of
soil
to
help
keep
it
rich.有机耕作的农民也会利用不同深度的土壤耕种不同的农作物，以帮助保持土壤的肥沃。
用法详解
depth
n.【C，U】向下（或向里）的距离;深（度）;【C，usually
pl.】最深处，深渊，极限;【U】详细程度，深度
a
metre/foot.in
depth
一米/一英尺……深
常见搭配
to/at
a
depth
of...
到/在……的深度
in
depth
全面，深入，详细
The
oil
well
extended
several
hundreds
of
feet
in
depth．油井向下延伸了数百英尺。
I
haven’t
looked
at
the
report
in
depth
yet.我还没有细看这份报告。
The
submarine
lies
at
a
depth
of
6，000
feet
in
the
Barents
Sea.这艘潜艇位于巴伦支海下6
000英尺深处。
归纳拓展
相关词语积累∶
deep
into
the
night
直到深夜
be
deep
in
thought
陷入沉思
deep
adj.深的
adv.，在深处，至深处，深深地
deeply
adv.很，非常;强烈地，深刻地
depth
n.深（度）;最深处
deepen
vi&vt味.加深，（使）变深;
vt.增长（知识），加深（理解）
与"deep—depth—deepen"变形相似的词还有∶
adj.
high
wide
long
strong
broad
n.
height
width
length
strength
breadth
V.
heighten
widen
lengthen
strengthen
broaden
语法填空
1.（安徽高考单项填空改编）If
you
come
to
visit
China,you
will
experience
a
culture
of
amazing_______________(deep)
and
variety.
2.（2020·河北衡水中学线上调研）First，you
need
to
evaluate
yourself,
your
values,your
___________(strong),your
weaknesses,
your
achievements,
your
desires,etc.Only
then
should
you
set
your
goals.
3.At
close
to
a
metre
in___________(long),it's
one
of
the
world's
largest
squirrels.
4.The
reunion
diner
helps_______(deep)family
ties
while
the
exchange
of
gifts
and
greetings
enhance
relations
between
friends.
一．语法填空
在空白处填入1
个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.It
is
Saruel
Morse
who
is
considered___________(invent)
what
is
called
the
telegraph
now.
2.John,
my________
friend,
is
___________to
his
work
and
his__________
to
the
work
is
admirable.
(devote)
3.
The
rapid__________(expand)
of
cities
can
cause
social
and
economic
problems.
4.（2020·山东临沂期末）_________
is
estimated
that
lack
of
exercise
could
be
responsible
for
around
one
in
ten
cases
of
heart
disease
and
cause
most
of
the
health
problems.
5.To
work
out
a
solution
to
the
problem
of
water_________(short),we
have
to
put
all
our
efforts
together.
6.Outwardly,she
seemed
confident
but
in_________(real)
she
felt
extremely
nervous.
7.Researchers
have
found
clear
and__________(
convince)
evidence
that
happiness
is
the
key
to
better
heath
and
longer
lives.
二．完成句子
1.这些措施将使我们能够更好地应对当前的危机，促进经济的复苏和增长。
These
measures
will
enable
us_________and
promote
economic
recovery
and
growth
better.(tackle)
2.说服是一种使他人相信你的观点的艺术。
Persuasion
is
the
art
of_________your
point
of
view.(convince)
3.他们估计这辆轿车的维修费用为
800
美元。
They
__________
to
repair
the
car__________________(
estimate).
4.鉴于人口在过去几年里快速增长，存在食物短缺的现象就不足为奇了。
_________________________in
the
past
few
years,
it
is
hardly
surprising
that
there
exists
a
food
shortage.(given)
5.那本书被公认为是
21世纪最重要的文学作品之一。
___________________the
book
is
one
of
the
greatest
works
of
literature
in
the21st
century.（recognise，it作形式主语）
三．课文语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan
Longping,
known
as
the
"father
of
hybrid
rice",
was
born
in
1930.____1____(learn)that
farmers
often
had
poor
harvests
and
sometimes
even
had
a
serious
___2_____(short)of
food
to
eat,he
chose
to
study
agriculture
and
graduated
from
Southwest
Agricultural
College
in
1953.
Since
his
graduation,Yuan
___3_____(devote)his
life
to
finding
ways
to
produce
more
rice.Through
intense
effort,
he
overcame
enormous
technical____4_____(difficulty)to
develop
the
first
hybrid
rice
___5____could
be
used
for
farming
in
1974.This
hybrid
enabled
farmers
to
expand
their
output_____6____(great).
Today,____7_____
is
estimated
that
about
60
percent
of
domestic
rice
consumption
in
China
is
comprised
of
crops
____8_____(generate)from
Yuan's
hybrid
strains.
Yuan's
innovation,has
helped
feed
not
just
China,but
many
other
countries
that
depend
___9__
rice
as
well.
Though
Yuan's
hybrids
have
made
him
quite
____10_____(wealth),he
doesn’t
lead
a
life
of
leisure.Instead,
he
donates
much
money
to
support
agricultural
research.
Despite
his
advanced
years,Yuan
Longping
is
still
young
at
heart
and
full
of
vision,and
everyone
is
waiting
to
see
what
he
will
dream
up
next.
