词缀综合复习讲义2021-2022学年牛津译林版八年级上学期英语

8A词缀综合复习
1.
shake
v.&n.
摇动，震动--
n.
_________
2.
clear
adj.晴朗的，清晰的---
v.
________
3.
behind
prep.
在...后面---
adv.
___________
4.
silent
adj.
寂静的---
n.
____________
5.
safe
adj.
安全的--adv.
____________
--
n.
____________
Keys：shaking;
clear;
behind;
silence;
safely;safety
词缀专题
【知识梳理1】
名词变形容词
英语中，有些名词加上后缀“y”“ly”“ful”“less”“al”“ous”之后就构成了形容词。
1)
-y：cloud(y)
sun(ny)
wind(y)
ice(y)?
2)-ly：friend(ly)
mother(ly)
brother(ly)??
3)-ful：A.
care
(ful)
hope(ful)
use(ful)
-less
B.
care(less)
hope(less)
4)-al?
nation→national
民族的，国家的；nature→natural
自然的
5)-ous?
danger-dangerous
危险的
6)-en?
例：golden
金色的，wooden
木制的，woolen
羊毛的
7).-ern?
表示“方向的”。?例：east→eastern?东方的，south→southern南方的
8).-an/ian?
表示“国家的，国家人的”。?例：America→American
美国（人）的
【例题精讲】
例1.People
are
lucky
to
enjoy
the
(
sun
)
days
these
days.
例2.When
spring
comes,
people
will
feel
_________
(sleep)
easily.
Keys:sunny;
sleepy
【巩固练习】
名词变形容词
sun---____________
wind
---__________
cloud
---__________
wonder---__________
use---__________
__________
(两种形式)
hope
---__________
__________(两种形式)
person---__________
tradition---__________
friend---___________
love---___________
danger---___________
wood---___________
Keys:sunny;
windy;
cloudy;
wonderful;
useful;
useless；hopeful;
hopeless;
personal;
traditional;
friendly;
lovely;
dangerous;
wooden
【知识梳理2】
动词变形容词
-ive?
例：active
积极的
-ed
例：interest-interested
感兴趣的
excite-excited
感到兴奋的
-ing
例：interest-interesting
令人感兴趣的
excite-exciting
令人感到兴奋的
-ful
例：forget-
forgetful
健忘的
thank-thankful
感激的
【例题精讲】
例1.The
horse
is
standing
with
its
eyes
______________(close).
例2.The
_______
film
make
me
feel
______(bored).
Keys:closed;
boring,
bored
【巩固练习】
动词变形容词
surprise---___________(令人惊讶的)
---___________(感到惊讶的)
excite---___________(令人兴奋的)
---___________(感到兴奋的)
interest---___________(令人感兴趣的)---___________(
感兴趣的)
Keys:surprising/surprised;
exciting/excited;
interesting/interested
【知识梳理3】
动词变名词
1).-ment?
例：agree→agreement?协议，move→movement
运动
2).-tion?
例：explain→explanation
解释，discuss-discussion讨论
3).-er?
表示“人”?
例：work→worker
工人，buy→buyer
买主
4).-or?
表示“人”?
例：act→actor
演员，sail→sailor
海员
5).-ist?表示“人”
例：piano→pianist
钢琴家，science→scientist
科学家
6)-ing
例：begin-beginning
开始
meet-meeting
会议
【例题精讲】
例1.The
______________
names
are
all
on
the
paper.
(tour)
例2.We
got
to
the
cinema
late
and
missed
the
_____________(begin)
of
the
film.
Keys:tourists’;
beginning
【巩固练习】
动词变名词
mean---___________(意思)
meet---___________(会议)
teach---___________(教师)
win---___________(获胜者)
run---___________(赛跑者)cross---___________(路口)
collect---___________(收藏)die---___________(死亡)
visit---___________(参观者)
decide---___________(决定)
Keys:meaning;
meeting;
teacher;
winner;
runner;
crossing;
collection;
death;
visitor;
decision
【知识梳理4】
形容词变名词
1).-th?
例：true→truth
真理，long→length
长度
2)-ness?
例：happy→happiness
幸福，busy→business
事务
3)-t变ce
例：important-importance
重要
different-difference
不同
【例题精讲】
例1.We
should
share
our
(
happy
)
with
our
friends
and
family
members.
例2.Many
people
don’t
understand
the
___________
(important)
of
the
wetlands.
Keys:happiness;
importance
【巩固练习】
形容词变名词。
kind---____________
happy---___________
ill---______________
important---____________
different---____________
true---___________
Keys:
kindness;
happiness;
illness;
importance;
difference;
truth
【知识梳理5】
形容词变副词的规律
1)
一般情况下直接加“ly”
quick-quickly
polite-politely
sad-sadly
immediate-immediately
recent-recently
2)
中考中以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly的，只有一个true-truly
绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly。如：
polite-politely
wide-widely
wise-wisely
nice-nicely
3)
以“y”结尾的，且读音为
/
i
/，
先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”
happy-happily
heavy-heavily
angry-angrily
busy-busily
但是如果读音为
/
ai
/，
直接加ly，如：dry-dryly
shy---shyly
4)
以辅音字母加le结尾时，去e加y
simple-simply
?comfortable-comfortably
terrible-terribly
gentle-gently
possible-possibly
probable-probably
【例题精讲】
例1.When
my
parrot
is
full,
he
sings
__________
(happy).
例2.No
one
knows
why
dinosaurs
died
out
____________(sudden).
Keys:happily;
suddenly
【巩固练习】
形容词变副词。
quick---____________
strong---____________
heavy---____________
angry---____________
happy---____________
lucky---____________
healthy---____________
noisy---____________
usual---____________
careful---____________
real---____________
possible---____________
Keys:quickly;
strongly;
heavily;
angrily;
happily;
luckily;
healthily;
noisily;
usually;
carefully;
really;
possibly
【知识梳理6】
反义词前缀
un-?
构成反义词，表示“不”?
例：unfit
不合适的，unhappy
不高兴的
dis-?构成反义词，表示“不”??例：discover
发现，disagree
不同意的
dishonest不诚实
in-/im-??
构成反义词，表示“不”，用于以c,b,m,p等开头的词。
??????例：impossible?不可能的，incorrect
不正确的
4)ir-???构成反义词，表示“不”，用于以r开头的单词?
例：irregular
不规则的
5)-il-?
构成反义词，表示“不”，用于以l开头的单词??例：illegal
不合法的
6)mis-??构成反义词，表示“错误”?
例：mistake
错误，misuse
错用
7)non-?
构成反义词，表示“不”?
例：non-stop
不停的，non-smoker
非吸烟者
【例题精讲】
例1.Look,
your
room
is
so
(
tidy
)
.
Please
tidy
up
now.
例2.
It
was
an
______
(luck)
day
,
I
broke
my
leg.
Keys:untidy;
unlucky
【巩固练习】
写出下列单词的反义词
welcome_______________
possible
_______________
lucky_______________
healthy_______________
polite_______________
popular_______________
patient_______________
correct_______________
active_______________
honest_______________
Keys:unwelcome;
impossible;
unlucky;
unhealthy;
impolite;
unpopular;
impatient;
incorrect;
inactive;
dishonest
【知识梳理7】
数词后缀
-teen?
构成“十几”
例：five→fifteen
十五
.-ty?
构成“几十”?
例：nine→ninety
九十，five→fifty
五十
-th?
构成序数词?
例：five→fifth
第五，six→sixth
第六
【例题精讲】
例1.
Today
is
my
father’s_____________(forty)
birthday.
例2.
You
can
see
___________(20)birds
in
the
tree.
Keys:fortieth;
twenty
单项选择
1.
That
man
was
________enough
not
to
tell
the
manager
that
he
would
not
do
the
job.
A.
care　
　
B.
careful　　
C.
careless　　
D.
carelessness
2.You’d
better
give
up
smoking
if
you
want
to
keep
________.
A.
health
B.
healthy
C.
healthily
D.
healthier
3.The
Great
Wall
is
more
than
6000
miles
in
________.
A.
longer
B.
length
C.
long
D.
longing
4.The
child
looked
________at
his
brother
who
was
badly
wounded.
A.
sadly
B.
sadness
C.
sadden
D.
sad
5.The
soldier
died
for
saving
the
child,so
his________
is
heavier
than
Mount
Tai.
A.
die
B.
dead
C.
died
D.
death
Keys:BBBAD
词形转换专项训练
1.
How
many
???
???(play)are
there
in
a
football
team?
2.
Be?????
(care).
The
road
is
very
busy.
3.It’s
very
hot
today,
but
quite????
.(cloud)
4.The
question
isn’t
so
hard.
everyone
can
answer
it????
(easy)
5.
It
isn’t
???
??to
talk
to
him
.
He
won’t
listen
to
you.
(use)
6.
The
boy
looks????
????.(fun)
7.
John
is
a????
??
??young
man.(help)
8.
We
should
be
??????
???to
each
other.
(friend)
9.
The
present
made
me
????
????.(happily)
10.
I
????
?don’t
know
why
he
isn’t
coming
to
the
party
tonight.
(real)
11.How
???
??it
is
snowing!
(heavy)
12.
Alice
is
the
best
???
??in
her
school.(sing)
13.Who
will
be
the
????
?to
speak
at
the
meeting
this
afternoon?
(three)
14.The
Great
Walt
is
a
place
of_______________(interesting)in
China．
15.Drivers
must
be
more
careful
on
___________
(fog)
days.
16.Some
animals
are
________________.
They
are
our
good
friends.
(harm)
17.Her
apartment
is
on
the
___________________
floor
that
tall
building.
(twenty)
18.He
made
a
__________________to
go
for
a
holiday
in
Hainan.
(decide)
19.The
teacher
asks
us
to
read
the
text
__________________(loud)
20.Fortunately,
the
plane
landed
________________
in
the
city’s
airport.
（safe）
Keys:1.
players?2.
careful
3.cloudy
4.
easily
5.useful
6.
funny??
7.
helpful??
8.
friendly
9.
happy
10.really
11.heavily
12.singer
13.third?
??14.interest
15.foggy?
16.harmless
17
twentieth
18
decision
19
loudly
20
safely
根据句意和所给中文写出单词
1．Simon
is
so_________(诚实)that
everybody
likes
him．
2．I
am
very
happy
today
because
I
can_________
(分享)a
computer
with
my
sister．
3．Xie
Tingfeng
is
a
very
popular_________
(歌手)in
China
today．
4．Mary
has_________
(直的)hair．Everyone
thinks
she
is
pretty．
5．This
boy
is
two
years
old．but
he
can
draw
a_________
(正方形)with
a
pencil．
6．一Who
can_________
(回答)this
problem?
一Nobody．
7．Hangzhou
is_________
(著名)for
its
beautiful
West
Lake．
8．一Don't
you
think
that
American
fast
food
is
the
most
popular
food
in
the
world?
一Yes,I_________
(同意)．
9．一What
subjects
do
you
study
at
school?
一
I
study
Chinese，English，Maths，History，_________
(地理)and
other
subjects
at
schoo1．
10．It
is
going
to
rain．Don’t
forget
to
take
an_________
(雨伞)xdth
you．
11．There
aLre
manv
different
kinds
of
_________
(语言)in
the
world．
12．I
bought
a
pair
of
blue
jeans
for_________
(我自己)last
Sunday．
13．一What
are
the
students
doing
now?
一They
are_________
(准备)for
the
coming
exams．
14．I
know
how
to
cook
healthy
and_________
(可口的)meals．
15．Who
is
the_________
(总统)of
the
USA
now?
16．Kitty_________
(决定)not
to
tell
her
mother
this
secret．
17．When
the
lights
are
red，the_________
(车辆)must
stop．
18．Every
year
lots
of_________
(登山者)go
to
high
mountains
to
enjoy
themselves
19．Neil
didn’t
go
camping.
He
went
roller-skating_________
(代替)．he
toy
dog
to
this
little
girl．
20．—Do
you
think
it_________
(有用)to
learn
English
well?
一Yes．I
think
so．English
is
widely
spoken
in
the
world．
1．honest
2．share
3．singer
4．straight
5．square
6．answer
7．famous
8．agree
9．Geography
10．umbrella
11．1anguages
12．myself
13．preparing
14．tasty/delicious
15．president
16．decided
17．traffic
18．climbers
19．instead
20．useful
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.
What
is
the
most
______________
animal
in
the
forest?
(power)
2.
It
is
______________
for
him
to
finish
the
job
in
two
hours.
He
is
so
slow.
(possible)
3.
I
feel
quite
comfortable
at
home
when
it
is
raining
______________
outside.
(heavy)
4.
Jack
is
such
a
______________
fellow,
for
he
always
leaves
this
or
that
at
the
office.
(forget)
5.It
is
not
______________
to
eat
food
with
Sudan
I
(苏丹红1号).
(safely)
6.
Lily
is
______________
enough
to
get
the
prize
in
the
2006
Shanghai
Junior
High
School
English
Contest.
(luck)
7.
One
starry
night,
when
the
seven
little
dwarfs
went
back
home
from
work,
they
found
something
_______
at
once.
(usual)
8.
Who
runs_______,
Lily
or
Michelle?
(slow)
9.
Ted
was
hard-working.
His
success
made
him
work___________.
(hard)
10.
The
volunteer
spoke
as
________
as
she
could
to
make
the
visitors
understand
her.
(clear)
Keys：1.powerful
2.impossible
3.heavily
4.forgetful
5.safe
6.lucky
7.
unusual
8.
slower
9.
harder
10.
clearly
写出下列单词对应的形式。
Team
1
die
v.
死---
--
adj.
____________
2.
mean
v.意思是--
n.
____________
3.
begin
v.
开始--
n.
__________
4.
sad
adj.
伤心的，难过的--
adv.
___________
n.
5.
main
adj.
主要的--
adv.
___________
6.
danger
n.
危险---
adj.
______________
7.
lose
v.丢失，被...夺去，输掉---
adj.
___________
8.
live
v.
生活，居住--
n.
__________
9.
ill
adj.
生病的---
n.
________
Keys：dead;
meaning;
beginning;
sadly;
sadness;
mainly;
dangerous;
lost;
living;
illness;
Team2
1.
nature
n.
大自然，自然界--
adj.
2.
cover有两个词性：第一个是名词，表示
；第二个是动词，表示
。
3.
while
n表示
--while
conj.
表示
_______
4.
easy
adj.
容易的--
adv.
________
5.
fish
n.
鱼--
去钓鱼
________
6.
tour
n./v旅游---
n.
___________
7.
important
adj.
重要的--
n.
_________
8.
clear
adj.
晴朗的，清晰的--adv.
_________
9.
speak
v.
说，讲，演讲---n.
_________
10.
apply
v.
申请---
n.
____________
Keys：natural;
封面，覆盖；一会儿，当……时；easily;
go
fishing;
tourist;
importance;
clearly;
speaker;
application
Team
3
fog
n.
雾---
adj.
_____________
sun
n.
太阳---
adj.
__________
cloud
n.
云---
adj.
____________
wind
n.
风----adj.
___________
rain
n.
雨---adj.
_____________
snow
n.
雪---
adj.
___
_____
sleep
n.&
v.
睡眠—adj.
___________
shine
n.&
v.
光亮；照耀---
adj.
_________
suddenly
adv.突然地---
adj.
___________
Keys：foggy;
sunny;
cloudy;
windy;
rainy;
snowy;
sleepy;
shiny;
sudden;
完形填空
People
all
over
the
world
celebrate
the
new
year.
However,
not
all
countries
celebrate
in
the
same
way,
and
in
some
countries,
the
new
year
doesn’t
begin
on
the
1
date
every
year.
In
many
countries,
the
new
year
begins
on
1st
January,
but
people
start
celebrating
on
31st
December,
New
Year’s
Eve.
In
New
York
many
people
go
to
celebrate
in
Times
Square.
2
they’re
waiting
for
the
New
Year,
they
listen
to
music,
sing
songs,
and
have
fun.
Just
before
12
o’clock,
everyone
3
down
from
10.
10,
9,
8,…As
soon
as
it’s
12
o’clock,
everyone
shouts
very
4
,
“Happy
New
Year!”
New
Year’s
Day
is
often
a
family
day.
Some
families
get
together
for
a
special
meal.
When
the
weather
is
fine,
many
families
go
out
for
a
5
.
On
New
Year’s
Day,
many
people
make
plans
for
the
new
year.
They
6
a
list
of
things,
such
as
“
I
will
help
out
more
with
housework.
I
will
work
7
at
school
than
others.”
or
“
I
won’t
spend
so
much
time
playing
video
games.”
When
they
have
made
8
list,
they
read
it
to
their
family
or
friends
and
promise(承诺)to
9
their
plans.
So
it
doesn’t
matter
how
they
celebrate.
10
the
people
all
over
the
world,
it’s
time
to
say
good
bye
to
the
old
year,
and
to
welcome
the
new.
1.A.
different
B.
same
C.
important
D.
normal
2.A.If
B.After
C.While
D.Before
3.A.comes
B.turn
C.
looks
D.counts
4A.loudly
B.quietly
C.sadly
D.
safely
5.A.walk
B.secret
C.job
D.plan
6.A.put
on
B.write
down
C.take
away
D.look
after
7.A.quickly
B.hard
C.harder
D.worse
8.A.its
B.his
C.her
D.their
9.A.follow
B.make
C.do
D.give
10.A.By
B.For
C.With
D.From
Keys：完形：1-5
BCDAA
6--10
BCDAB
1