Unit 5 Encyclopaedias单元练习（含解析）

2020-2021学年牛津上海版英语八年级上册
Unit
5
Encyclopaedias单元练习
一、单项选择（下列题目的四个选项中只有一个是符合题意的。）
1．—Zheng
He
was
a
Ming
dynasty
_______
that
we
Chinese
people
are
proud
of.
—I
agree
with
you.
He
even
succeeded
_______
sailing
to
the
east
coast
of
Africa.
A．tourist;
to
B．philosopher;
in
C．inventor;
to
D．explorer;
in
2．—
You
look
tired,
Jill.
What’s
the
matter?
—
Well,
I
_______
slept
for
five
hours
last
night.
I
feel
sleepy
now.
A．just
B．already
C．even
D．still
3．_________
it
is
often
cold
in
the
mountains,
you
need
to
wear
warm
clothes.
A．Though
B．Unless
C．As
4．I
was
________
tired
________
I
went
to
bed
as
soon
as
I
ate
the
supper.
A．too;
to
B．in
order;
to
C．so;
that
D．though;
to
5．—What
are
you
going
to
do
________
you
see
an
old
woman
lying
on
the
road?
—I’m
sure
to
help
her.
A．since
B．before
C．when
D．though
6．Do
you
think
the
best
way
to
relax
is
________
exercise?
A．though
B．through
C．over
D．across
7．Our
English
teacher
is
nice
and
patient
_________
she
is
very
strict
with
us.
A．if
B．as
C．unless
D．though
8．—Mark,
let’s
go
to
the
Center
Museum
together.
—Good
idea.
There
are
many
interesting
things
in
November’s
________.
A．exhibitions
B．inventions
C．instruments
D．operations
9．We
all
thought
it
was
Jane
that
helped
finish
the
school
project.
________,
it
is
Angela
who
did
that.
A．Simply
B．Actually
C．Luckily
D．Suddenly
10．—Does
Grace
live
a
green
life?
—Yes,
she
does.
She
prefers
to
take
a
bus
to
her
office
________
she
has
a
car
of
her
own.
A．if
B．because
C．though
D．until
11．—
Joan
always
goes
somewhere
interesting
________
the
holiday
begins.
—
That’s
because
she
enjoys
travelling
a
lot.
A．since
B．though
C．because
D．as
soon
as
12．—Does
your
friend
live
in
________
town?
—No.
He
lives
in
________
countryside.
A．/；/
B．/；the
C．the；the
D．the；/
13．_________
you
work
hard,
you
will
learn
math
well.
A．As
long
as
B．As
much
as
C．Though
D．As
soon
as
14．—
Tom,
where
is
my
mobile
phone?
I
have
looked
everywhere.
—
Oh,
Granny.
It’s
________
in
your
pocket.
A．right
B．even
C．well
D．ever
15．The
________
boy
has
been
in
hospital
for
about
two
months.
The
doctor
says
he
has
serious
heart
________.
A．sick;
disease
B．ill;
illness
C．sick;
illness
D．ill;
disease
二、完型填空
People
often
call
eyes
the
window
to
the
soul.
But
do
you
know
that
your
eyes
will
always
tell
the
16
even
if
you
try
to
hide
your
feelings?
Sound
like
a
plot
in
a
film?
Indeed,
body
language
experts（专家）have
found
that
they
can
tell
all
sorts
of
things
about
you,
just
from
how
you
use
your
eyes.
Steady（稳定的）eye
contact.
Making
a
steady
eye
contact
is
a
good
sign.
This
kind
of
eye
contact
makes
you
look
more
17
and
therefore,
others
will
choose
to
believe
in
you.
However,
some
people
may
feel
uncomfortable
if
your
gaze（注视）is
too
strong
and
steady.
18
.
People
who
avoid（避免）eye
contact
during
a
conversation
by
looking
at
the
floor
are
often
thought
to
be
shy.
They
may
feel
bad
about
something
so
they
feel
uncomfortable
making
eye
contact.
Those
people
usually
19
to
look
into
others’
eyes,
especially
when
they
are
talking
to
strangers.
Sometimes,
you
even
need
to
give
them
hope
to
open
up.
Looking
to
the
right.
Looking
to
the
right
during
a
conversation
is
a
sign
of
lying.
Someone
who
is
telling
a
lie
will
20
look
at
the
person
they’re
talking
to.
It
is
said
that
they
often
look
to
the
right
because
the
right
side
of
the
brain（大脑）controls
creativity
and
imagination.
Looking
to
the
left.
If
a
person
is
always
looking
to
the
left,
he
or
she
might
be
busy
trying
to
remember
events
and
experiences
from
the
21
.
The
reason
for
looking
to
the
left
is
that
the
left
side
of
the
brain
is
associated
with（与……相关）people’s
memory
16．A．suggestion
B．method
C．level
D．truth
17．A．honest
B．worried
C．terrible
D．excited
18．A．Looking
up
B．Looking
down
C．Looking
out
D．Looking
back
19．A．choose
B．offer
C．refuse
D．decide
20．A．always
B．never
C．suddenly
D．carefully
21．A．past
B．present
C．future
D．sense
三、阅读理解
One
day,
100
people
were
attending
a
speech.
The
speaker
was
making
a
speech
about
happiness.
However,
after
a
few
hours,
people
began
to
lose
their
attention.
The
speaker
thought
of
an
idea.
He
stopped
his
speech
and
asked
all
of
the
people
to
take
part
in
a
group
activity.
He
gave
each
person
a
balloon
in
the
room.
Each
person
was
asked
to
write
his
or
her
name
on
the
balloon
with
a
black
marker
(记号笔).
Then,
all
of
the
balloons
were
collected
and
moved
to
another
room.
The
100
people
were
then
let
into
the
room
and
told
to
find
the
balloon
with
their
own
name.
Everyone
rushed
around,
crazily
searching
for
their
own
balloon.
People
were
bumping
into
and
tripping
(绊倒)
over
each
other.
But
after
about
five
minutes
of
searching,
no
one
could
find
their
own
balloon.
After
seeing
this,
the
speaker
asked
each
person
to
collect
a
balloon
and
try
to
find
the
person.
whose
name
was
written
on
it.
Everyone
started
talking
to
each
other
and
asking
each
other
for
their
name.
In
just
a
few
minutes,
everyone
had
his
or
her
own
balloon.
"Can
you
see
what
happened?”
the
speaker
said.
“The
balloons
are
like
the
happiness
we
look
for
in
our
own
lives.
Everyone
is
busy
looking
for
their
own
happiness,
not
caring
what
happens
to
others.
But
sometimes
the
best
way
to
find
happiness
is
to
help
others.
Help
them
find
happiness
and
you
can
find
your
own.”
22．What
was
the
speaker’s
speech
about?
A．Happiness.
B．Kindness.
C．Friends.
D．Manners.
23．Why
did
the
speaker
ask
all
the
people
to
take
part
in
a
group
activity?
A．To
play
a
trick
on
them.
B．To
let
them
have
a
good
time.
C．To
punish
those
who
weren’t
listening.
D．To
catch
their
attention
and
teach
them
a
lesson.
24．How
many
listeners
found
their
balloons
after
five
minutes
of
searching?
A．None.
B．All
of
them.
C．Half
of
them.
D．Only
a
few.
25．What
do
the
balloons
stand
for
in
the
story?
A．Friends
who
are
around
us
every
day.
B．The
help
that
others
give
us
in
our
life.
C．The
happiness
people
are
searching
for.
D．The
problems
that
are
hard
to
work
out.
26．What
can
you
learn
from
the
story?
A．It’s
not
easy
for
people
to
find
happiness.
B．Happiness
can
be
found
through
hard
work.
C．People
should
share
happiness
with
their
friends.
D．People
can
find
their
happiness
by
helping
others.
四、短文选词填空
Complete
the
following
passage
with
the
words
or
expressions
in
the
box.
Each
can
only
be
used
once（将下列单词或短语前的字母填入空格。每个单词或短语只能填一次）
A．mainly
B．understand
C．before
D．stays
E.
after
F.
chance
Music
has
always
been
an
important
part
of
Chinese
people's
life.
People
enjoy
listening
to
music
at
home
and
in
concert
halls.
As
time
goes
by,
music
changes.
Traditional
music
is
part
of
our
culture.
It
often
27．
with
us
for
a
long
time.
Young
musicians
learn
songs
from
older
musicians
and
the
music
changes
very
little.
Modern
Chinese
music
,
which
is
loved
by
many
young
people,
however
,
is
28．pop
music.
That
means
the
songs
will
be
popular
for
a
short
time
and
then
replaced
by
new
songs.
Today's
musicians
write
new
songs
every
year
and
we
hear
new
songs
on
the
radio
every
day.
Music
could
only
be
heard
live（直播）29．
radio
and
TV
were
invented-that
is,
you
had
to
go
places
where
musicians
gave
performances.
The
best
musicians
were
very
busy,
so
it
was
difficult
and
often
expensive
to
hear
really
good
music.
For
most
people,
the
best
30．
to
hear
good
music
was
during
a
festival
or
at
a
wedding.
Today,
people
hear
music
here
and
there.
Music,
traditional
or
modern
,
Chinese
or
international,
seems
to
be
a
world
language
that
everybody
can
31．
and
enjoy.
Music
changes
and
styles
come
and
go,
but
nothing
changes
our
love
for
good
music.
五、完成句子
32．安娜最终发现那个老人是个杀手.
Anna
finally
____??____that
the
old
man
was
a
killer.
33．这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This
film_______??________??________??______
that
one.
34．过去，爷爷常去河边钓鱼。?
My
grandpa
_____??______
go
fishing
by
the
river.
35．汤姆在暑假期间去了农村的祖父母家.
Tom
visited
his
grandparents
_____
_____
______
during
his
summer
vacation.
36．在大学里，
他学会了做很多事情。
He
_______
_______
______
lots
of
things
in
the
university.
六、书面表达
Write
a
passage
of
at
least
55
words
on
the
topic
“My
Most
Wanted
Present
This
Year”.
（以“我今年最想要的礼物”为题写一篇短文，词数不少于55个）：
Suggested
outlines:
1.
What
is
your
most
wanted
present
this
year?
2.
Why
do
you
want
to
get
this
present?
3.
How
can
you
get
this
present?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．D
【解析】
句意：——郑和是我们中国人引以为豪的明朝探险家。——我同意你的看法。他甚至成功地航行到了非洲东海岸。
考查名词辨析和固定搭配。tourist旅行者；philosopher哲学家；inventor发明家；explorer探险家。根据“Zheng
He”和生活常识可知，郑和是一个探险家；再者根据“succeed
in
doing
sth.”可知，介词in符合句意。故选D。
2．A
【解析】
句意：——你看起来很累，吉尔，怎么了？——嗯，我昨晚只睡了五个小时。我现在觉得困了。
考查副词辨析。just只，仅仅；already已经；even甚至；still仍然。根据“I…slept
for
five
hours
last
night.”可知，此处强调只睡了五个小时，故选A。
3．C
【分析】
【解析】
句意：由于山里经常很冷，你需要穿暖和的衣服。
考查连词辨析。Though尽管；Unless除非；As由于。根据“it
is
often
cold
in
the
mountains”可知，此处表示需要穿暖和的衣服的原因，应用As引导原因状语从句。故选C。
4．C
【解析】
句意：我太累了，一吃完晚饭就上床睡觉了。
考查结果状语从句。too…to，太……而不能……，to后加动词原形；in
order
to为了，后接动词原形；so…that…，如此……以至于……，引导结果状语从句；though虽然，引导让步状语从句，不和to
搭配。空二后是句子，并且分析句意可知，空处的词应是引导结果状语从句，应用so…that…。故选C。
5．C
【解析】
句意：——当你看到一位老妇人躺在路上，你会怎么做？——我一定会帮她的。
考查连词辨析。since自从；before在……之前；when当……时；though虽然。根据“What
are
you
going
to
do…you
see
an
old
woman
lying
on
the
road?”可知，此处表示当看到一位老妇人躺在路上，用when引导时间状语从句，故选C。
6．B
【解析】
句意：你认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼吗？
考查词意辨析。though
尽管；through通过(障碍、阶段、测试或手段媒介)；over
超过，越过；across横过，从一边到另一边。根据语境可知通过“锻炼”这种手段或方式，故选B。
7．D
【解析】
句意：我们的英语老师非常好并且有耐心，尽管她对我们要求很严。
考查连词辨析。if如果，引导条件状语从句；as因为，引导原因状语从句；unless除非，引导条件状语从句；though尽管，引导让步状语从句；根据语境“非常好且有耐心，尽管对我们要求很严”，表“尽管……”，用though；故选D。
8．A
【解析】
句意：——马克，我们一起去中心博物馆吧。——好主意。11月份的展览有很多有趣的东西。
考查名词辨析。exhibitions展览；inventions发明；instruments乐器；operations操作；根据“let’s
go
to
the
Center
Museum
together.”可知，博物馆应该是展览很多有趣的东西，故选A。
9．B
【解析】
句意：我们都认为是简帮助完成了学校的作业。事实上，是安吉拉干的。
考查副词辨析。Simply简单地；Actually事实上；Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然地。根据“it
is
Angela
who
did
that”可知，事实与我们认为的不一致，“事实上”符合语境，故选B。
10．C
【解析】
句意：——格蕾丝过着绿色的生活吗？——是的，她确实是。虽然她有一辆自己的车，但她更喜欢乘公共汽车去上班。
考查从属连词辨析。if如果；because因为；though虽然、尽管；until直到。根据“She
prefers
to
take
a
bus
to
her
office
…
she
has
a
car
of
her
own.”可知，前后句之间存在一种相反的让步关系，因此用though引导让步状语从句，故选C。
11．D
【解析】
句意：——
假期一开始，琼就去有趣的地方。——
那是因为她很喜欢旅行。
考查连词辨析。since因为、自从；though尽管；because因为；as
soon
as一……就……。根据句意可知，一放假就会去有趣的地方。故选D。
12．B
【解析】
句意：——你的朋友住在城里吗？——不。他住在乡下。
考查冠词的用法。in
town在城里，in
the
countryside在乡下，故选B。
13．A
【解析】
句意：只要你努力学习，你会学好数学。
考查连词辨析。as
long
as只要；as
much
as如……一样多；though尽管；as
soon
as一……就……。根据“you
work
hard,
you
will
learn
math
well”可知，“努力学习”是“学好数学”的条件，用as
long
as引导条件状语从句，故选A。
14．A
【解析】
句意：——汤姆，我的手机在哪？我到处找遍了。——噢，奶奶。它就在你的口袋里。
考查副词辨析。right正好，恰好；even甚至；well很好；ever曾经。根据题干，奶奶到处找手机找不到，但是手机就在奶奶的口袋里，用right加强语气。故选A。
15．A
【解析】
句意：这个生病的男孩已经住院大约两个月了。医生说他有严重的心脏病。
考查形容词和名词辨析。sick生病的，作定语或表语；disease疾病，指具体的疾病；ill生病的，作表语；illness泛指疾病。分析句子可知，前空修饰名词boy，作定语需用sick；后空前面有heart，指心脏病，是具体的疾病，需用disease。故选A。
16．D
17．A
18．B
19．C
20．B
21．A
【分析】
本文讲述了人们常说眼睛是心灵的窗户。即使人们试图隐藏感情，他们的眼睛也会告诉人们真相。稳稳定定的目光接触，这种眼神交流让你看起来更诚实；往下看，在交谈中人们通过观察地板来避免目光接触，通常认为是害羞；向右看，谈话时向右看是说谎的标志；向左看，如果一个人总是向左看，他或她可能正忙着回忆过去的事件和经历；
16．句意：即使你试图隐藏你的感情，你的眼睛也会告诉你真相。
suggestion建议；method方法；level水平；truth真相；分析“But
do
you
know
that
your
eyes
will
always
tell
the
___1___
even
if
you
try
to
hide
your
feelings”即使你试图隐藏你的感情，你的眼睛也会告诉你
，所以此处是真相，故选D。
17．句意：这种眼神交流让你看起来更诚实。
honest诚实；worried担心；terrible糟糕；excited激动；根据“others
will
choose
to
believe
in
you”别人会选择相信你，所以此处是诚实，故选A。
18．句意：往下看。
Looking
up查阅；Looking
down往下看；Looking
out小心；Looking
back回首；根据“People
who
avoid（避免）eye
contact
during
a
conversation
by
looking
at
the
floor
are
often
thought
to
be
shy”在交谈中人避免目光接触，通过观察地板，所以此处是向下看，故选B。
19．句意：这些人通常拒绝看别人的眼睛。
choose选择；offer提供；refuse拒绝；decide决定；根据“they
feel
uncomfortable
making
eye
contact”他们在眼神交流时感到不舒服，所以此处是拒绝，故选C。
20．句意：说谎的人从不看着和他说话的人。
always总是；never从不；suddenly突然；carefully仔细；分析句子“
It
is
said
that
they
often
look
to
the
right
because…”据说他们经常看右边，因为大脑的右控制创造力和想象力。故选B。
21．句意：他或她可能正忙着回忆过去的事件和经历。
past超过，过去；present礼物；future未来；sense感觉；根据“The
reason
for
looking
to
the
left
is
that
the
left
side
of
the
brain
is
associated
with（与……相关）people’s
memory”向左看的原因是，左侧大脑控制人们的记忆。所以此处是过去的，故选A。
22．A
23．D
24．A
25．C
26．D
【分析】
短文大意：本文讲述了在一场演讲中，听众按要求搜寻写有自己名字的气球而不得，最后改为寻找写在气球上的人，才每个人都有了自己的气球的故事。通过找气球游戏，说明帮助别人找到幸福，你就能找到自己的幸福的道理。
22．题意：演讲者的演讲是关于什么的？
考查细节理解。根据“The
speaker
was
making
a
speech
about
happiness.”可知选A。
23．题意：为什么演讲者要求所有的人参加一个小组活动？
考查细节判断。根据“However,
after
a
few
hours,
people
began
to
lose
their
attention.
The
speaker
thought
of
an
idea.
He
stopped
his
speech
and
asked
all
of
the
people
to
take
part
in
a
group
activity.”联系活动的结果可知，演讲者想吸引听众的注意力，给他们一个教训；To
catch
their
attention
and
teach
them
a
lesson.符合句意，故选D。
24．题意：有多少听众在五分钟的搜寻之后找到了他们的气球？
考查细节理解。根据“But
after
about
five
minutes
of
searching,
no
one
could
find
their
own
balloon.”可知没有人能找到他们自己的气球，故选A。
25．题意：气球在故事中代表什么？
考查细节理解。根据“The
balloons
are
like
the
happiness
we
look
for
in
our
own
lives.”可知气球就像我们在生活中寻找的幸福，The
happiness
people
are
searching
for符合文意，故选C。
26．题意：你能从这个故事中学到什么？
考查文意理解。根据最后“But
sometimes
the
best
way
to
find
happiness
is
to
help
others.
Help
them
find
happiness
and
you
can
find
your
own.”（找到幸福最好的方法就是帮助别人。帮助他们找到幸福，你就能找到自己的幸福）可知故事启发我们，通过帮助别人人们可以找到自己的幸福，People
can
find
their
happiness
by
helping
others.符合文意，故选D。
【点睛】
阅读理解是最能体现学生英语能力的题型，分值较高，如何通过解题方法的掌握来提升自己解答阅读理解题的技巧是学生最关心的问题。初中阅读理解一般考查学生的细节理解能力，主旨理解能力和推理判断能力。做阅读理解题，首先要准确理解题意，然后根据题意根据短文内容做出正确的答案。（1）考查细节理解能力，此类型题较简单，准确理解题意后，直接到文中找出答案。（2）考查猜词能力。做这种题型时，要根据上下文意思准确猜出词意。（3）考查推理判断能力，此类题型较难，准确理解题意后，在文中找出相关的内容做出合理的推断。（4）考查主旨理解题。此类题型需通读全文，整体把握，根据文本主要内容选择合适的选项。例如小题3，问有多少听众在五分钟的搜寻之后找到了他们的气球？考查细节理解；根据“But
after
about
five
minutes
of
searching,
no
one
could
find
their
own
balloon.”可知没有人能找到他们自己的气球，故选A。
27．D
28．A
29．C
30．F
31．B
【分析】
短文主要讲人们听音乐的方式、机会等发生了变化。
27．句意：它（传统音乐）经常长久地和我们融合在一起。
所给单词仅有两个动词（understand和stays），而stays能和with搭配，意为“待在一起”，使句意通顺、完整，故选D。
28．句意：然而，现代中国音乐大多是流行音乐。
所给单词mainly意为“主要地，首要地”，副词，还有“大部分，大多”之意。题干取“大多”之意。故选A。
29．句意：无线电广播和电视被发明前，音乐只能在现场听。
所给单词after和before均可表示时间，after意为“在……后”，before意为“在……前”。由常识可知，“无线电和电视机被发明前，音乐只能在现场听。”。after为多余选词。故选C。
30．句意：对大多数人而言，节日期间或婚礼上是听好音乐的最好机会。
所给单词chance意为“机会”，名词。由上下文可知，“节日期间或婚礼上”是“听音乐的最好机会”。故选F。
31．句意：每个人都能理解和享受。
所给单词understand意为“理解”，指“无论是传统音乐还是现代音乐，无论是中国音乐还是国际音乐，似乎都是一种世界语言，每个人都能理解。”故选B。
32．
found
out
33．
is
as
interesting
as
34．
used
to
35．
in
the
countryside
36．
learned
to
do
【解析】
32．根据中英文对照可知，缺少“发现”。find
out发现，查明，且根据空后was以及句意可知，用一般过去时，故填found
out。
33．根据中英文对照可知，缺少“一样有趣”。根据句意可知，表示“电影有趣”，修饰电影，要用系动词is，interesting作表语。根据“as+形容词原级+as”“和……一样”可知，故填is
as
interesting
as。
34．根据汉语提示可译为“爷爷过去常常去河边钓鱼”。used
to
do“过去常常做某事”，故填used
to。
35．根据中英文对照可知，缺少“农村的”，作定语。可以用介词短语作定语，in
the
countryside在农村，故填in
the
countryside。
36．根据中英文对照可知，缺少“学会做”。learn学习，learn
to
do
sth学习做某事。do做。且根据“学会了”可知，用一般过去时，故填learned
to
do。
六．范文
Every
year
I
receive
some
nice
presents
such
as
toys
and
books.
My
most
wanted
present
this
year
is
a
dog.
I
like
dogs
very
much
because
they
are
very
lovely.
If
I
feel
lonely,
the
dog
can
bring
me
a
lot
of
fun,
and
we
can
be
good
friends.
I
prefer
a
puppy
so
that
I
can
see
how
it
grows
up.
I
have
asked
my
parents
to
buy
me
one
and
I’m
sure
I
can
learn
how
to
look
after
it.
My
birthday
is
coming.
I
am
looking
forward
to
getting
the
special
present.
【解析】
1.
题干解读：这个题目要求以My
Most
Wanted
Present
This
Year“今年我最想要的礼物”为主题，写一篇作文。题目中用三个问题给出了写作的建议，审题可知，短文应包括以下内容：首先点明你想要的礼物是什么；然后叙述你为什么想要这个礼物；最后说一下你怎样得到这个礼物。短文应用一般现在时、第一人称叙述。词数不少于55个。
2.
例文点评：这是一篇优秀的作文，短文根据题目要求介绍了自己最想要的礼物。短文有以下几个优点：首先文章的内容完整，结构清晰，主次分明。短文主要包括三个内容：是什么；为什么；怎样得到，以为什么想要这个礼物为中心。其次短文中使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确。句式结构完整，符合英语的表达习惯。文章中还使用了一些复合句、非谓语动词等复杂结构，提升了文章档次。整篇文章意思连贯，表达流畅。
3.
高分亮点：
短语：such
as；so
that；grow
up；look
after；look
forward
to。
句型：I
like
dogs
very
much
because
they
are
very
lovely.；If
I
feel
lonely,
the
dog
can
bring
me
a
lot
of
fun,
and
we
can
be
good
friends.；I
prefer
a
puppy
so
that
I
can
see
how
it
grows
up.；I
have
asked
my
parents
to
buy
me
one
and
I’m
sure
I
can
learn
how
to
look
after
it.。