1.6细菌和真菌的繁殖 课件(16张PPT）

(共16张PPT)
球
状
杆
状
螺旋状
基本形态
第6节
细菌和真菌的繁殖
球菌
细胞个体呈球形或椭圆形，不同种的球菌在细胞分裂时会形成不同的空间排列方式，常被作为分类依据
staphylococci
Streptococcus
金黄色葡萄球菌
淋病奈瑟氏球菌
肺炎链球菌
杆菌
细胞呈杆状或圆柱形，一般其粗细（直径）比较稳定，而长度则常因培养时间、培养条件不同而有较大变化
炭疽病的病原菌
------炭疽杆菌
破伤风梭菌
螺旋菌
弧
菌
螺旋菌
螺旋体
寄生性弧菌-----蛭弧菌
霍乱弧菌
梅毒密螺旋体
细菌结构
霉菌
霉菌：在营养基质上形成绒毛状、蜘蛛网状或絮状菌丝体的真菌。
繁殖方式和生活史
1、无性繁殖
1）芽殖
成熟细胞长出一个小芽，到一定程度后脱离母体继续长成新个体
繁殖方式和生活史
1、无性繁殖
2）分裂生殖
少数酵母菌可以象细菌一样借细胞横割分裂而繁殖，例如裂殖酵母
繁殖方式和生活史
1、无性繁殖
3）无性孢子
孢子
2、部分还可以进行有性繁殖
Coccus
8a.
Spirillum
gure
18.1
Figure
18.2
Scanning
electron
micrograph
of
Blood
agar
plate
growing
S.
aureus.
Some
strains
show
two
zor
Staphylococcus
aureus(X7,
500).
This
hemolysis.
The
relatively
clearer
inner
zone
is
caused
by
a-tox
genus
owes
its
name
to
the
grapelike
the
outer
zone
is
fuzzy
and
appears
only
if
the
plate
has
been
re
(Gr,
talle)
appearance
of
the
clusters
This
outer
zone
is
the
B,
or"hot-cold,
hemolysin
Staphylococci
Infiltrating
granulocytes(phagocytes
Figure
18.3
Cutaneous
lesions
of
S.
aureus,
Fundamentally,
all
are
skin
abscesses
that
vary
in
size,
depth,
and
degree
of
tissue
involvement
(a)
Sectional
view
of
a
boil
or
furuncle,
a
single
pustule
that
develops
in
a
hair
follicle
or
gland
and
is
the
classic
lesion
of
the
species.
The
inflamed
infection
site
becomes
abscessed
when
masses
of
phagocytes,
bacteria,
and
fluid
are
walled
off
by
fibrin
()A
furuncle
on
the
back
of
the
hand.()
A
carbuncle
on
the
back
of
the
neck.
Carbuncles
are
massive
deep
lesions
that
result
from
multiple,
interconnecting
furuncles
Swelling
and
rupture
into
the
surrounding
tissues
can
be
marked