Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?SectionA 宾语从句专项讲解课件 (共33张PPT)

(共33张PPT)
The
Object
Clause
Unit3
语法专项—
宾语从句
学习目标：
1．掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。
2．掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+引导词+主语+谓语。
3．掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。
重点：宾语从句的时态及语序。
难点：运用宾语从句组句子。
学生大声朗读下列含有宾语从句的句子，给出宾语从句的定义。
.
Do
you
know
where
the
library
is?
Could
you
tell
me
how
I
can
get
to
the
zoo?
I
want
to
know
what
you
are
doing.
I
wonder
if
I
can
pass
the
exam.
I
think
that
we
are
the
best.
宾语从句(The
object
clause)
定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
宾语从句学习要点：
一、引导词
二、语序
三
、时态
四、否定转移
五、宾语从句与简单句的转换
三
要
素
宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：
引导词
（看从句）
从句是陈述句
(口语中常省略）
从句是一般疑问句
从句是特殊疑问句
We
know
(that)we
should
learn
from
each
other.
Please
tell
me
if/whether
you
have
been
to
America.
Could
you
please
tell
me
where
the
restrooms
are?
that
if/whether（是否）
wh-/how(即特殊疑问词)
一.宾语从句的引导词
1.
由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：
He
said
(that)
he
wanted
to
stay
at
home.
She
doesn’t
know
(that)
she
is
seriously
ill.
I
am
sure
(that)
he
will
succeed.
??
?
练一练
（小组合作
交流讨论
学生展示）
1.This
is
a
book.
2.You
like
singing.
3.He
worked
last
night.
4.They
will
go
home.
5.Jim
has
been
to
Beijing.
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1.
I
know
…
2.
She
says
…
3.
Tell
your
friend
…
（that）
2.
由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：
I
want
to
know
if
(whether)
he
lives
there.
He
asked
me
whether
(if)
I
could
help
him.
If/whether（是否）的区别
一般情况下，if
和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether：
　　
①在不定式前：Whether
to
go
there
or
not
hasn’t
been
decided.
　　
②在介词后：It
depends
on(依靠)
whether
it
is
going
to
rain.
　　
③与or
not连用：They
are
talking
about
whether
to
go
there
or
not.
④做主语从句：Whether
he
is
right
isn’t
important.
主语
练一练（小组合作
交流讨论
B,C类学生展示）
1.Is
he
reading
?
2.Do
you
get
up
at
six?
3.Does
Tom
work
hard?
4.Did
you
watch
TV
?
5.Can
you
sing
?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:
1.Do
you
know
…
2.I
want
to
know
…
3.The
teacher
asks
…
if/whether
3.
由连接代词who,
whom,
whose,
what,
which和连接副词when,
where,
why,
how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：
Do
you
know
who
(whom)
they
are
waiting
for?
He
asked
whose
handwriting
was
the
best.
Can
you
tell
me
where
the
No.3
bus
stop
is?
I
don’t
know
why
the
train
is
late.
练一练
（小组合作
交流讨论
A，B类学生展示）
What
is
this
?
Where
do
you
live
?
When
does
he
get
up
?
How
did
you
go
to
work?
Who
will
you
play
with?
用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:
1.Do
you
know
…
2.I
want
to
know
…
3.
Can
you
tell
me
…
4.
The
man
asked
…
引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导
词，看从句成份是否完整，
不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。
完整，判断主句语气，
是疑问语气，用
if/whether;
是肯定语气，用that.
1.填写合适的引导词
1
Can
you
tell
me______you
were
born,
Betty?
A.
who
B.
what
C.
when
D.
that
2
I
don't
know
___
they
have
passed
the
exam.
A.
what
B.
if
C.
when
D.
where
3
I
hardly
understand
___
he
has
told
me.
A.
that
B.
what
C.
which
D.
who
C
B
B
4.
I
don't
know
___
he
still
lives
here
after
so
many
years.
A.
whether
B
where
C.
what
D.
when
5.
He
asked
me
_____told
me
the
accident.
A
whom
B
which
C
who
D
whose
6.
He
asked
his
friend
_______
to
go
there
or
not.
A.
if
B
whether
C.
what
D.
that
C
A
B
句子的两种语序:
1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序
宾语从句必须用陈述句语序
2
疑问句结构叫疑问语序
二、宾语从句的语序
My
favorite
sport
is…
I
am…
I
speak/have/like…
I
can
play…
Are
you…?
Can
you
play…?
Do
you
do…?
Where
are
you…?
What
can
you
do…?
How
do
you
do…?
陈
述
句
一般
疑问
句
特殊
疑问
句
结构比较
_____
+
____
+
…
____
主语
谓语
.
?
_______
+_______
+
____
特殊
疑问词
一般
疑问句
be
情态动词
助动词
____
/
______
/______+
___
+_____…______
主语
谓语
?
将下列句子改成陈述句语序：
1.Is
there
a
bank
near
here?
2.Are
they
doing
homework?
There
is
a
bank
near
here.
They
are
doing
homework.
3.Does
she
work
in
a
hospital?
She
works
in
a
hospital
.
4.Did
you
go
to
Center
Park?
You
went
to
Center
Park
.
5.
Where
does
he
live?
Where
he
lives
宾语从句的语序
陈述句语序
即：连词＋主语＋谓语动词
①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：
He
is
an
honest
boy.
The
teacher
said.→
The
teacher
said（that）he
was
an
honest
boy.
　　
　
　
②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：
Does
he
work
hard？I
wonder.→
I
wonder
if
he
works
hard.
或I
wonder
whether
he
works
hard.
When
did
he
leave？I
don’t
know.
→
I
don’t
know
when
he
left.
What’s
the
matter?(怎么了?)等,在作宾语从句时,语序不变.
如:
Could
you
tell
me
what’s
the
matter?
可以告诉我怎么了吗?
3.
下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。
I
think
that
he
will
come
to
China
next
year.
I
want
to
know
if
he
was
at
home
yesterday.
Can
you
tell
me
where
does
your
mother
work?
Do
you
know
who
can
answer
the
question?
Please
tell
us
where
is
the
hospital?
your
mother
works
the
hospital
is
T
T
T
F
F
三、宾语从句的时态
（看主句）
①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：
1）I
have
heard（that）he
_____________(come)
back
next
week.
2）We
wonder
when
he
_________(start)
learning
English.
will
come
started
5)
He
told
me
that
he
_______________(be)
to
Shanghai.
6)
Could
you
tell
me
how
he
________(go)
to
school
every
day?
had
been
goes
注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如：
He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
时态练习
1
The
girls
asked
if
they
____
some
food
and
drink
with
them.
A.
took
B.
take
C.
takes
D.
will
take
2
Could
you
tell
me
whether
they___
a
test
today.
A.
had
B.
has
.
C.
will
have
D.
are
A
C
Could
you
tell
me+宾语从句？是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去，是一般现在时。
3
She
asked
Linda
if___
go
and
get
some.
A.
could
she
B.
she
could
C.
she
can
D.
she
may
4
Linda
said
the
moon___
round
the
earth.
A.
traveled
B.
has
traveled
C.
travels
D.
had
traveled
B
C
其它问题
否定的转移：
当主句的谓语动词是think,
believe,
guess,
suppose等词时,其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。
如：
I
don’t
think
he
is
right.
我认为他不对。
标点符号的确定：
带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句。
主句是
陈述句:
。
He
asked
me
where
I
went
just
now.
问句：
？
Do
you
know
when
he’ll
be
back?
　
宾语从句与简单句的交换。
　宾语从句中，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。
　　例：I
don’t
know
what
I
should
do
next.
　　
I
don’t
know
what
to
do
next.
　　
He
didn’t
know
where
he
would
live.
　　
He
didn’t
know
where
to
live.
一、引导词
二、语序
三
、时态
if/whether区别
特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+to
do
what
is
the
matter?（怎么了？）语序不变
如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象
,仍用一般现在时
Could
you
tell
me…?是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去
宾语从句小结：
练习：将下列各句合并成宾语从句。
1.What
is
his
name?
I
don’t
know
____________________
2.When
did
you
begin
to
study
English?
I
didn’t
know
____________________________
3.It
is
important
to
learn
English.
The
teacher
said
__________________________
4.Does
he
live
in
that
street?
Could
you
tell
me________________________
what
his
name
is
.
when
you
began
to
study
English.
it
was
important
to
learn
English.
if
he
lives
in
that
street.
Thanks