人教版（2019）必修一：Unit 4 Natural disasters同步学案（有答案）

Lesson
5
必修一
Unit
4
Natural
Disasters（讲案）
【本节知识切片】
模块
题型拆分
难度
是否掌握
一．重点词汇和短语
1.词汇英译汉
★☆☆☆☆
2.核心词汇拓展
★★★★☆
3.课内短语积累
★★★☆☆
二．课内长难句
1.
长难句考点解析
★★☆☆☆
2.
长难句翻译
★★☆☆☆
3.
语法模拟造句
★★☆☆☆
三．语法：名词短语、形容词短语、形容词短语
1.
名词短语构成形式及句法功能
★★☆☆☆
2.
形容词短语构成形式及句法功能
★★☆☆☆
3.
副词短语构成形式及句法功能
★★☆☆☆
一、课前检测
【单句适当形式填空】
1.It
was
the
second
air
__disaster____（灾难）
in
less
than
two
month.
2.
The
ground
is
as
hard
as
stone
after
the
__drought____.（干旱）
3.
The
thief
_slid____（溜进）into
the
room
quietly.
4.
What
are
the__rescue____
（救援）workers
and
solders
doing
in
the
flood-hit
area?
5.
Smoking
seriously
__damages____
（damage）your
health.
6.
Enough
lava
out
of
the
volcano
that
had
erupted
(erupt)
buried
the
entire
village.
7.
At
the
end
of
the
news，they
often
give
you
a
summary
(总结)
of
the
main
news
stories.
8.
What
struck
(打动)
me
most
was
their
strong
desire
for
knowledge.
9.
The
professor
will
deliver
(发表)
a
speech
on
environment
protection.
10.
And
we
should
give
aids
(aid)
to
strangers
when
they
need
help.
二、重点词汇和短语
已掌握
请打√
单词
音标
词性
中文释义
□
disaster
disaster
[d??zɑ:st?(r)]
n.
灾难；灾害
□
tornado
[t?:?ne?d??]
n.
龙卷风；旋风
□
drought
[dra?t]
n.
旱灾；久旱
□
landslide
[?l?ndsla?d]
n.
（山地或悬崖的的）崩塌；滑坡
□
slide
[sla?d]
vi.&vt.
（使）滑行；滑动
□
tsunami
[tsu:?nɑ:mi]
n.
海啸
flood?
[fl?d]
n.
vi.
vt.
洪水；大量
淹没；大量涌入
使灌满；淹没
□
volcanic
eruption
[v?l?k?n?k????r?p?n]
火山喷发
□
magnitude
[?m?gn?tju:d]
n.
（地）震级；重大
□
rescue
[?reskju:]
vt.&
n.
营救；救援
□
damage
[?d?m?d?]
vt.
n.
损害；破坏
损坏；损失
□
destroy?
[d?'str??]
vt.
摧毁；毁灭
□
evacuate
[??v?kjue?t]
vt.
vi.
疏散；撤出
撤离
□
helicopter
[?hel?k?pt?(r)]
n.
直升机
□
death
[deθ]
n.
死；死亡
□
affect
[?'fekt]
vt.
影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动
□
shelter
['?elt?(r)]
n.
vt.&vi.
避难处；居所；庇护
vt.保护；掩蔽
□
crack
[kr?k]
n.
vi.&vt.
裂纹；裂缝
（使）破裂
□
as
if
似乎；好像；仿佛
□
ruin
['ru:?n]
n.&vt.
破坏；毁坏
□
in
ruins
严重受损；破败不堪
□
percent
[p??sent]
n.
adj.&adv
百分之…
每一百种
□
brick
[br?k]
n.
砖；砖块
□
metal?
['metl]
n.
金属
□
shock
[??k]
n.
vt.
震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
(使)震惊
□
?in
shock?
震惊；吃惊
□
electricity
[??lek?tr?s?ti]
n.
电；电能
□
trap
[tr?p]
vt.
n.
使落入险境；使陷入圈套
险境；陷阱
□
bury
[?beri]
vt.
埋葬；安葬
□
breathe
[bri:?]
vt.&vi.
呼吸
□
revive
[r??va?v]
vt.&vi.
复活；（使）苏醒
□
revival
[r??va?vl]
n.
振兴；复苏
□
effort?
['ef?t]
n.
努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
□
unify
[?ju:n?fa?]
vt.&vi
统一；（使）成一体
□
wisdom
[?w?zd?m]
n.
智慧；才智
□
context
[?k?ntekst]
n.
上下文；语境；背景
□
suffer?
[?s?f?]
vt.
vi.
遭受；蒙受
（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
□
volcano
[v?l?ke?n??]
n.
火山?
□
erupt
[??r?pt]
vt.&vi.
（火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出
□
supply?
[s??pla?]
n.
vt.
供应（量）；补给；补给品
供应；供给
□
typhoon
[ta??fu:n]
n.
台风
□
in
the
open
air
露天；在户外
□
hurricane
[?h?r?k?n]
n.
（尤指大西洋的）飓风
□
survive?
[s??va?v]
vi.
vt.
生存；存活
幸存；艰难度过
□
power
[?pa??(r)]
n.
电力供应；力量；控制力
□
tap
[t?p]
vi.&vt.
n.
轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
□
pipe
[pa?p]
n.
管子；管道
□
whistle
[?w?sl]
vi.
vt.
n.
吹口哨；发出笛声
吹口哨
哨子（声）；呼啸声
□
emergency
[i?m?:d??nsi]
n.
突发事件；紧急情况
□
calm
[kɑ:m]
adj.
vt.
镇静的；沉着的
使平静；使镇静
□
aid
[e?d]
n.
vi.&vt.
援助；帮助；救援物资
帮助；援助
□
kit?
[k?t]
n.
成套工具；成套设备
□
first
aid
kit
急救箱
□
on
hand
现有（尤指帮助）
□
crash
[kr??]
vt.&vi.
n.
碰撞；撞击
撞车；碰撞
□
sweep
[swi:p]
vt.&vi.
打扫；清扫
□
sweep
away
消灭；彻底消除
□
wave
[we?v]
n.
vt.&vi.
海浪；波浪
挥手；招手
□
strike
[stra?k]
vi.&vt.
n
侵袭；突击；击打
罢工；罢课；袭击
□
deliver
[d??l?v?(r)]
vt.&
vi.
vt.
递送；传达
发表
□
summary
[?s?m?ri]
n.
总结；概括；概要
□
effect
[??fekt]
n.
影响；结果；效果
□
length?
[le?θ]
n.
长；长度
（一）核心词汇拓展
1.
ruin
n.废墟；毁灭
vt.毁灭；使破产
严重受损；破败不堪
___in
ruins________
2.shock
n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克→shocked
adj.震惊的→shocking
adj.令人震惊的
①触电
electric
shock
②对……感到震惊____be
shocked
at_____
③震惊；吃惊_____be
in
shock________
3.trap
vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套
n.陷阱；险境
①被困在……中，陷在……中____be
trapped
in______
②诱骗某人(做)某事______trap
sb
into
doing
sth____
4.bury
vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏
埋头，专注于_____be
buried
in_________
5.effort
n.努力；尽力；艰难的尝试
①尽全力____make
every
effort________
②不遗余力_____spare
no
effort________
6.suffer
vt.遭受；蒙受
vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→_suffering______n.苦难
受……的折磨；患……病_____suffer
from______
7.
disaster
n.
灾难；灾害
①自然灾害
natural
disaster
②灾区
disaster
area
8.
slide
vi.
&
vt.?(使)滑行；滑动
①日益恶化；在滑板上
on
the
slide
②放映幻灯片
slide
show
③略过；回避
slide
over
④不知不觉陷入
slide
into
9.flood
n.
洪水；大量；vi.淹没；大量涌入；vt使灌满水；淹没
①在泛滥
in
flood
②涌入，大量地涌入
flood
in
③一大批
a
flood
of
10.
rescue
n.&vt.营救；救援
①救援人员
/
船只
/
直升机
/营
rescue
workers/boats/helicopters/
camps
②从……中营救某人/某物
rescue
sb./
sth.
from…
11.
damage
vt.损害；破坏；n.损坏；损失
①对……引起损害
cause
damage
to
sb/sth
②对……造成损害
do
damage
to
sb/sth
12.affect
vt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动→affected
adj.受到影响的；假装的→affection
n.喜爱；感情；影响
①对...的感情；对...的喜爱
affection
for
②受到...的影响
affected
by
③疫区
affected
area
④患有...疾病
be
affected
13．shelter/'?elt?/
n.避难处；居所；庇护；vt.保护；掩蔽；vi.
躲避（风、雨或危险）
①躲避（风、雨或危险）
shelter
from
sth
②保护……免受……
shelter
sb/sth
from
sb/sth
③无家可归者夜间收容所
a
night
shelter
for
the
homeless
④动物收容处
an
animal
shelter
14.
percent
n.
百分之……;
adj.&adv.每一百种→percentage
n.百分比
①百分之百；不折不扣
one
hundred
percent
②合格率
percent
of
pass
15.breathe
vi.&vt.呼吸→breath
n.呼吸，气息
①深呼吸
take
a
deep
breath
②喘不上气来
out
of
breath
16.revive
/
r??va?v
/
vt.&
vi复活；（使）苏醒
17.supply
n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.]
补给品；vt.供应；供给
向某人提供某物
supply
sb
with
sth或
supply
sth
to
sb
18.deliver
vt.&
vi.递送；传；vt.发表；接生；生(小孩)→delivery
n.交付，分娩，递送→deliverable
adj.可以传送的，可以交付使用的
①交货，履行诺言
deliver
the
goods
②发表演讲
deliver
a
speech
③交出，放弃
deliver
up
④从...处释放出来
deliver
from
19.
summary?
n.
总结；概括；概要→summarily
adv.概要地，立刻→summarization
n.摘要，概要
总之，概括起来
in
summary
20.
effect
n.
影响；结果；效果→effective
adj.有效的，起作用的→effectively
adv.有效地，生效地
①对...的作用
effect
on
②副作用
side
effect
③实际上，生效
in
effect
21.
length
n.→长；长度→long
adj.长的；adv.长期地，始终→lengthen
vt.使延长，加长
①长度
in
length
②最后，终于
at
length
③一段
a
length
of
课内短语积累
1．as
usual像往常一样
2．as
if仿佛；好像；似乎
3．come
to
an
end终结；走向末日
4．in
ruins严重受损；破败不堪
5．blow...away把……吹走
6．cut
across横切
7．instead
of而不是；代替
8．in
shock震惊；吃惊
9．fall
down跌倒；倒塌
10．go
through经历；经受
11.
___on
hand___
现有（尤指帮助）
12.
sweep
sway
消灭，彻底消除
13._first
aid
kit__急救箱
14.
in
the
open
air
在露天，在户外
15.
natural
disaster
自然灾害
16.
volcanic
eruption
火山喷发
17.
refer
to
提及，涉及
18.
set
up
建立，成立
【过关检测】
【单句首字母及汉语填空】
1．Can
you
give
me
a
quick
summary(概要)
of
your
research?
2．It
is
said
that
the
factory
suffered
serious
damage___
in
the
tsunami
last
week.
3．He
crashed
(撞上)
into
the
other
youth
and
they
both
landed
on
the
ground.
4．The
soldiers
buried___
the
dead
bodies
as
quickly
as
possible
to
stop
diseases
spreading.
5．The
teacher
asked
the
students
to
find
out
the
word
that
best
fits
the
context(语境)．
6.
Obviously__，the
new
leader
hopes
to
unify
the
whole
country
in
a
short
time.
7．While
the
woman
was
sweeping___
the
floor，she
found
the
old
photos
in
the
corner.
8．In
that
situation，the
local
government
had
to
take
emergency(紧急情况)
action.
9.
He
quitted
such
a
nice
job，which
made
us
all
shocked___．
10.
She
often
talked
of
what
she
had
gone
through
during
the
terrible
disaster___.
【单句语法填空】
1．To
dry
their
wet
clothes，they
made
a
fire
in
__the_____
open
air.
2．It
came
as
____a_____
shock
to
hear
that
the
factory
would
have
to
close.
3．These
strict
measures
will
surely
have
a
great
effect
___on/upon____
our
daily
life.
4．_Having
survived____(survive)
the
disaster，he
decided
to
lead
a
simple
life.
5．The
soldier
was
trying
to
save
the
girl
___trapped_______(trap)
in
the
burning
house.
6．Buried
____in_______
the
game，he
didn’t
notice
what
was
happening.
7．The
earthquake
left
the
city
in
____ruins________(ruin)；it
would
take
a
lot
of
money
to
rebuild
it.
8．The
doctor
decided
to
offer
some
advice
to
the
athlete
___suffering________(suffer)
from
a
bad
back.
9.
What
other
cities
or
towns
have
gone___through_______
similar
changes?
10.__Buried_____(bury)in
his
lessons，he
knew
nothing
about
the
outside
world.
三、课文中的长难句
1.
Mice
ran
out
of
the
fields
looking
for
places
to
hide,
and
fish
jumped
out
of
the
water.
考点：现在分词作伴随状语
翻译:
老鼠跑出田野找地方躲藏，鱼跳出水面。
模拟造句：
他出现在医院，带着给刚当妈妈的Lindsey和她的宝贝儿子的礼物。____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
He
turned
up
at
the
hospital
bearing
gifts
for
the
new
mother
Lindsey
and
her
baby
boy.
（2018
全国III
完形填空）
2.
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
were
coming
to
an
end！
考点：as
if的用法
翻译:
似乎世界就要灭亡！
模拟造句：
快！似乎火车要离开了。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Hurry!
It
seems
as
if
the
train
is
about
to
start!
3.Chickens
and
even
pigs
were
too
nervous
to
eat，and
dogs
refused
to
go
inside
buildings.
考点：too...to...太。。。。而不能。。。。
翻译：鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
模拟造句：
他太害羞了而不敢演讲。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
He
is
too
shy
to
give
a
speech.
4.There
were
deep
cracks
that
appeared
in
the
well
walls.
考点：that引导的限制性定语从句
翻译：井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。
模拟造句：
他接受了那个薪水很好的工作。
____________________________________________________________________________________________答案：
He
accepted
the
job
that
is
well-paid.
5.The
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
badly
injured
in
the
quake
was
more
than
400,000.
考点：the
number
of
和
who引导的限制性定语从句
翻译：在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。
模拟造句：
寻求避难所的家庭数量上升了百分之十七.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
The
number
of
the
families
who
are
seeking
for
shelters
rose
by
17
percent.
6.Nearly
one
third
of
the
whole
nation
felt
it!
考点：分数表达法
翻译：全国三分之一的地区均有震感。
模拟造句：
他把收入的三分之一都捐给慈善了。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
He
devoted
one
third
of
his
income
to
charity.
Most
bridges
had
fallen
or
were
not
safe
to
cross.
考点：主语+be+adj.+不定式（不定式主动形式表被动含义）
翻译：大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行了。
模拟造句：
工作太难找了。
______________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Jobs
are
hard
to
find.
Everywhere
survivors
looked，there
was
nothing
but
ruins.
考点：
everywhere
引导的地点状语从句
翻译：幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
模拟造句：
他所到之处都有很多粉丝跟着他。
_________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
Everywhere
he
went,
there
were
a
lot
of
fans
following
him.
【过关检测】
单句写作
1.．他曾因过度疲劳而不能继续工作。(too...to...)
He
was
once
too
tired
to
continue
his
work.
2．他在那里说着，好像他去过世界的每一个角落。(as
if)
He
talked
there
as
if
he
had
been
to
every
corner
of
the
world.
3．无论这位冠军走到哪里，她都会受到热烈的欢迎。(地点状语从句)
Everywhere
the
champion
goes，she
will
receive
a
warm
welcome.
4．受台风影响的村民人数达到了五十万。(affect；过去分词短语作后置定语)
The
number
of
villagers
affected
by
the
typhoon
reached
half
a
million.
5．是那个年轻人诱骗他买了那座老房子。(trap)
It
was
the
young
man
that/who
trapped
him
into
buying
that
old
house.
四、课内语法
(关系代词引导的）限制性定语从句
【课前检测】
选择正确答案
1.
【★☆☆】Women
_______drink
more
than
two
cups
of
coffee
a
day
have
a
greater
chance
of
having
heart
disease
than
those
who
don't.
【答案】who/that
【解析】由于从句_______drink
more
than
two
cups
of
coffee
a
day缺主语，且先行词为woman指人，故第一个应选择who或者that。
2.【★★☆】
Is
this
the
reason
_________he
explained
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work?
【答案】that/which
【解析】由于从句_________
he
explained
at
the
meeting
for
his
carelessness
in
his
work缺宾语，应选择关系代词，因为先行词是reason，所以可以选择that或者which都可以。
3.
【★★☆】That’s
the
new
machine
_________
parts
are
too
small
to
be
seen.
【答案】whose
【解析】由于先行词the
new
machine与parts有所属关系，所以选择whose.
4.
【★★☆】We
went
through
a
period
_________
___________
communications
were
very
difficult
in
the
rural
areas.
【答案】in
which
【解析】本题两个空格，很明显要填介词+关系代词的形式，因为先行词是period，首先确定关系代词用which，根据从句中的意思，再结合先行词period，介词应该用in，构成in
the
period,
所以答案是in
which.
【★☆☆】My
friend,
Mike,
_______is
from
America,
is
a
great
cook.
【答案】who
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句，who替代先行词Mike，在从句中充当主语。
【课中讲解】
一、that、which、who、whom、whose引导的限制性定语从句
在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
2.关系词分为关系代词(that，which，who，whom，whose，as等)和关系副词(when，where，why等)两类。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who引导的定语从句
The
children
who
were
injured
in
the
car
accident
are
being
treated
in
the
hospital
now.
目前，在车祸中受伤的孩子们正在医院接受治疗。
Danny
was
the
man
who
we
rescued
from
the
ruins.
丹尼是我们从废墟中救出来的那个人。
who指人，在定语从句中可以充当______主语、宾语______________。
2.whom引导的定语从句
Rose
is
the
person
(who/whom)
you
should
care
about.
罗丝是你应该关心的人。
The
boy(whom)
the
teacher
often
praises
is
their
monitor.
老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。
whom指人，在定语从句中作_____宾语_______，可省略，也可用_____who_______代替。
3.whose引导的定语从句
I
know
the
person
whose
house
was
destroyed
in
the
earthquake.
我认识那个人，他的房子在地震中被摧毁了。
He
lives
in
a
room
whose
window
faces
north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。
whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中作_____定语_______。
4.which引导的定语从句
The
young
man
was
very
happy
to
get
back
the
gold
ring(which)
he
had
lost
on
the
train.
那个年轻人领回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。
The
little
girl
is
having
an
apple
which
is
big
and
red.
小女孩正在吃一个又大又红的苹果。
which指______物______，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可省略。
5.that引导的定语从句
The
number
of
people
that/who
come
to
visit
this
city
each
year
reaches
one
million.
每年来参观这座城市的人数达100万。(that指人，作主语)
The
suitcase
that/which
lies
on
the
ground
is
hers.
地上放的那个手提箱是她的。(that指物，作主语)
that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作_______主语、宾语或表语__________，作宾语时可以省略。习惯上指人多用____who/whom________替代，指物多用______which______替代。
[注意]　
(1)关系代词指代先行词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或表语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。
(2)关系代词在从句中作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可以省略。
[提醒]
关系词有三个作用：
一、引导定语从句
二、在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
理解概念，弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句的关键。
三、指代先行词
【过关检测】
（一）单句语法填空
1.
Lucy
whose
paintings
were
shown
at
the
exhibition
last
week
is
a
model
student.
2.
You’ll
find
taxis
waiting
at
the
bus
station
__which_/that___
you
can
hire
to
reach
your
host
family.
3.The
film
that/which
you
are
looking
forward
to
seeing
will
be
on
tomorrow.
4.We
don’t
know
the
number
of
people
who/that
lost
their
homes
in
the
disaster.
5.
There
is
a
young
man
__who/that___
wants
to
see
you.
6.(2020新高考一卷）The
80,000
objects
collected
by
Sir
Hans
Sloane,
for
example,
formed
the
core
collection
of
the
British
Museum
__which/that__
opened
in
1759.
7.
(2020全国三）In
ancient
China
lived
an
artist___whose___
paintings
were
almost
lifelike.
8.（2019全国三）They
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
who/that
had
great
experience
with
caring
for
these
animals.
9.
The
house
____in___
___which__
I
used
to
live
has
become
a
shoe
shop.
10.
Ted
came
for
the
weekend
wearing
only
some
shorts
and
a
T-shirt,
___which___
is
a
stupid
thing
to
do
in
such
weather.
11.
The
suitcase
___that/which___
lies
on
the
ground
is
hers.
12.Last
week
Mary
wore
the
dress
that/which__
I
gave
to
her.
13.
Do
you
know
the
man
who/that
spoke
to
the
headmaster
just
now?
14.My
grandparents
live
in
a
house
which/that
is
more
than
100
years
old.
15.They
were
well
trained
by
their
masters
who/that
had
great
experience.
16.
These
teenagers
learned
a
lot
from
the
activity
that/which
was
designed
for
them.
17.
The
little
problems
that/which
we
meet
in
our
daily
lives
don’t
make
a
difference.
18.
The
house
whose
roof
is
very
old
was
built
by
my
grandfather.
19.
He
gave
his
mother
a
colour
TV
set
for
her
birthday，which
pleased
her
a
lot.
20.His
mother，who
loves
him
very
much，is
strict
with
him.
（二）完成句子
1.我最尊敬的女人是我的母亲。
The
woman
(whom/that/who)
I
respect
most
is
my
mother.
2．他给了我一本书，这本书我一直保存至今。
He
gave
me
a
book
(which/that)
I
have
kept
to
this
day.
3．他谈到了他在学校里非常感兴趣的人和书。
He
talked
about
the
persons
and
books
that
interested
him
greatly
in
the
school.
4.幸福和成功往往属于那些善于认识到自己长处的人。
Happiness
and
success
often
come
to
those
who
are
good
at
recognizing
their
own
strengths.
5．那个双腿在地震中严重受伤的男孩被迅速送到了医院。
The
boy
whose
legs
were
badly
injured
in
the
earthquake
was
quickly
taken
to
hospital.
【备选题目】
（一）【补救】
【★★☆】语法填空
Strange
things
were
happening
in
1.
the
countryside
of
northeastern
Hebei.
For
several
days，the
water
in
the
village
wells
rose
and
fell，rose
and
fell.
There
were
deep?cracks?2.
that
appeared
in
the
well
walls.
At
least
one
well
had
some3.smelly
(smell)
gas
coming
out
of
it.
Chickens
and
even
pigs
were
too
nervous4.
to
eat
(eat)
，and
dogs
refused
to
go
inside
buildings.
Mice
ran
out
of
the
fields
looking
for
places
to
hide，and
fish
jumped
out
of
the
water.
At
about
3：00
a.m.,
on
28
July
1976，bright
lights5.
were
seen
(see)
in
the
sky
outside
the
city
of
Tangshan
and
loud
noises
were
heard.
But
the
city’s
one
million
people
were
asleep
6.__as__
usual
that
night.
At
3：42
a.m.，everything
7.
began
(begin)
to
shake.
It
seemed
as
if
the
world
were
coming
to
8.___an___
end!
Eleven
kilometres
directly
below
the
city，one
of
the
most
deadly
earthquakes
of
the
20th
century
had
begun，a
quake
that
even
caused
damage
more
than
150
kilometres
away
in
Beijing.
Nearly
one
third
of
the
whole
nation
felt
9.___it___!
A
huge
crack，eight
kilometres
long
and
30
metres
wide，cut
across
houses，roads，and
waterways.
Hard
hills
of
rock
became
rivers
of
dirt.
In
less
than
one
minute，a
large
city
lay
in?10.ruins
(ruin).
（二）【巩固】
【选词填空】
The
shelter
might
____________
if
it
rains
more
heavily.
【答案】1.
fall
down
【解析】如果雨下的更大，这个庇护所可能会倒塌。
That
day
he
went
to
work
out
in
the
gym
_____________.
【答案】2.
as
usual
【解析】那天他像往常那样去健身馆健身锻炼。
The
meeting
was
_____________
when
I
reached
the
meeting
room.
【答案】3.
coming
to
an
end
【解析】当我到达会议室时会议即将结束了。
The
survivors
were
____________，wondering
how
long
the
disaster
would
last.
【答案】4.
in
shock
【解析】幸存者都很震惊，在想这场灾难将会持续多久。
The
city
lay
__________
after
the
earthquake.
Now，rows
of
houses
are
being
built.
【答案】5.
in
ruins
【解析】这个城市在地震后躺在一篇废墟中。现在，成排的房子正在被建造中。
【单句填空】
1.
Never
before
has
our
country
been
so
　powerful　　(power)
as
it
is
today.?
2.
Mrs.
Coxen
　was
aided　　(aid)
in
looking
after
the
children
by
her
niece.?
3.
Alan
looked
at
him
and
said
　calmly　　(calm),
“I
don't
believe
you.”
?
4.
The
scientist
spent
years
alone
in
the
forest,
surviving　　　(survive)
only
by
eating
wild
fruits
and
animals.?
5.
The
writer
and
his
works
　that　　
you
told
me
are
really
famous.?
6.
I
often
recall
the
happy
days
　that/which　　
we
spent
together
during
our
summer
holiday.?
7.
The
captain
treats
me
as
if
I__were____(be)
his
own
daughter.
8.
The
___injured_____(injure)
told
us
what
he
had
gone
through
in
the
accident.
9.
A
lot
of
money
has
been
collected
to
help
those
___suffering______(suffer)from
the
floods.
10.The
girl
was
sitting
there，___burying_______(bury)
her
face
in
her
hands.
【拔高】
【单句写作】
1．船长受了重伤，但他表现得若无其事。(as
if)
The
captain
was
seriously
injured，but
he
behaved
as
if
nothing
had
happened.
2．我在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。(bury)
I
was
looking
for
my
handbag
buried
under
a
pile
of
old
newspapers.
3．我们所有人都认为说服她改变主意是不可能的。(it作形式宾语)
All
of
us
thought
it
impossible
to
persuade
her
to
change
her
mind.
4．全国上下都在唱这首歌，使得它很受欢迎。(现在分词短语作状语)
The
song
is
sung
all
over
the
country，making
it
very
popular.
5．他们正在废墟中搜寻幸存者，这时另一场大地震发生了。(be
doing...when...)
They
were
searching
for
the
survivors
in
the
ruins
when
another
big
quake
happened.
在此次地震中丧生或身受重伤的人数超过了40万。(who引导的定从）
The
number
of
people
who
were
killed
or
badly
injured
in
the
quake
was
more
than
400,000.
我们到达目的地后，看到一座成为废墟的古庙。（ruins）
When
we
reached
the
destination，we
saw
an
old
temple
in
ruins.
8.这场战争快要结束了，所以每个人都变得更积极了。（come
to
an
end）
The
war
was
coming
to
an
end，so
everyone
became
more
positive.
9.那位著名篮球运动员的离世使我们大为震惊。(shock)
That
famous
basketball
player’s
death
was
a
great
shock
to
us
all.
10.当灾难发生时，他们被困在健身房中。（be
trapped
in）
When
the
disaster
happened，they
were
trapped
in
the
gym.
【语法填空】
A
用适当的关系代词that、which、who、whom或whose填空
A
Girl
Who
Is
Good
at
Drawing
Mary
1.
_______________
drawings
were
shown
at
the
exhibition
last
month
is
a
model
student
2.
_______________　is
often
praised
for
her
good
work
at
school.
As
soon
as
we
got
into
the
exhibition
hall
our
attention
was
attracted
by
a
very
large
picture
3.
_______________
was
hung
on
the
wall
in
front
of
us.
?
The
horse
4.
_______________
was
drawn
in
the
picture
was
exactly
like
a
real
horse.
The
man
5.
_______________
was
riding
on
it
looked
like
a
living
man.
?
It
was
the
best
picture
6.
_______________
I
had
ever
seen,
and
I
should
say
Mary
is
the
best
young
painter
7.
_______________
I
have
ever
heard
of.
However,
you
will
be
quite
mistaken
if
you
think
that
Mary
was
born
a
good
painter.
One
of
her
teachers
told
me
that
it
had
taken
Mary
thousands
of
hours
to
learn
and
practise
drawing
until
she
became
the
best
young
painter
8.
_______________
has
ever
been
heard
of
in
her
hometown.
But
if
you
say
that
she
has
learned
to
be
so
good
at
drawing
only
by
working
hard
at
it,
I
will
certainly
agree
with
you.?
______________
2.
______________
3.
______________
4.
______________
5.
______________
6.
______________
7.
______________
8.
______________
1.
【答案】whose　
【解析】先行词是Mary,关系词在从句中作定语。
【答案】who/that　
【解析】先行词是a
model
student,指人,关系词在从句中作主语。
【答案】that/which　
【解析】先行词是a
very
large
picture,指物,关系词在从句中作主语。
4.
【答案】which/that　
【解析】先行词是The
horse,关系词在从句中作主语。
5.
【答案】who/that　
【解析】先行词是The
man,指人,关系词在从句中作主语。
6.
【答案】that　
【解析】先行词被最高级修饰,关系词在从句中作had
ever
seen的宾语。
7.
【答案】that/who/whom　
【解析】先行词是the
best
young
painter,指人,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语。
8.
【答案】that/who　
【解析】先行词是the
best
young
painter,指人,关系词在从句中作主语。
B
Earthquakes
are
quite
common.
In
fact,
thousands
of
earthquakes
_____1_____
(happen)
almost
at
every
time.
_____2_____，
most
of
them
are
too
weak
to
feel.
During
a
big
earthquake,
there
is
often
a
big
noise
first.
Then
the
earthquake
shakes
_____3_____
(terrible)
and
many
houses
fall
down.
As
one
of
the
most
deadly
natural
disasters
in
the
world,
the
earthquake
often
result
_____4_____
many
people
being
injured
or
killed.
In
2008,
a
severe
earthquake
hit
china's
Sichuan
Province,
_____5_____
(kill)
more
than
80,000people
there.
Besides
the
great
damage
and
_____6_____
(death)
caused
by
the
earthquake,
other
accidents
such
_____7_____
fires
often
follows.
More
buildings
may
be
damaged
and
more
_____8_____
(injury)
may
be
caused.
For
centuries,
people
have
been
making
studies
of
earthquake.
About
2,000
years
ago,
for
example,
a
Chinese
scientist
_____9_____
(name)
Zhang
Heng
invented
a
machine
which
could
find
out
the
direction
_____10_____
which
the
earthquake
waves
came.
答案：1.are
happening
2.However
3.terribly
4.in
5.
killing
6.deaths
7.as
8.
injuries
9.named
10.
from
C
It?is?sad?but?true?that?people?die?in?earthquakes
from
falling?furniture?and?bricks.
Earthquake
safety
is
very
important
and?there?is?more?to?it
than
just
_____1_____
(keep)
buildings
from
falling
down.
So
if
your
home
is
in
_____2_____?earthquake?area,
you?should?prepare?carefully?before?the?earthquake
comes.
First
make
sure
you
buy
a
house
which
is
earthquake
safe．All
pipes
should
be
_____3_____
(fix)
to
the
walls
and
all
walls
should
be
_____4_____
(extreme)
thick
and
strong.
Make
sure
the
building
has
no_____5_____
(break)
windows
and
is
well
repaired.
Second,
look
at
the
objects
in
your
house.
Those
in
the
living
room,
_____6_____
are
the
most
likely
to
hurt
us,
are
computers，televisions
and
lamps.
They
can
be
tied
_____7_____tables
so
they
won't
easily
move
around.
The
kitchen
_____8_____
many
small
things
are
stored
might
fall
down.
The
water
heater
should
have
a
case
round
it
too.
_____9_____
(window)
are
a
special
problem.
When
they
break,
glass
can
cause
many
accidents.
It
is
better
to
use
safety
glass
_____10_____
you
can,
especially
for
pictures.
Always
remember,
“It
is
better
to
be
safe
than
sorry.”
答案：1.
keeping
2.
an
3.
fixed
4.
extremely
5.
breaks
6.
which
7.
to
8.
where
9.
Windows
10.
if
D
Sometimes
you
may
feel
uncertain
about
whether
to
give
in
to
many
of
your
children's
requests.
That
doesn't
mean
you
can't
change.
First,
you
should
try
to
determine
___1_____
makes
you
feel
guilty.
Then,
even
if
you
have
discovered
the
reason,
you
should
begin
to
make
firm
____2________(decide)
and
make
a
clear
response
to
children's
requests.
Even
so,
you
still
cannot
expect
to
change
completely
right
away.Your
feelings
will
go
through
ups
and
downs
from
time
_3______
time.
The
key
is
to
be
satisfied
__4______
gradual
improvements,
expecting
and
accepting
the
occasional
setbacks
___5_____
come
with
any
change.
And
even
after
you
could
deal
with
all
this
situation
in
a
confident
manner,
you
can't
expect
your
children
___6_________(respond)
immediately.
For
a
while,
they'll
keep
on
__7_______(apply)
the
old
pressures
that
used
to
work
so
well.
But
they
will
____8______(eventual)
come
to
respect
your
decisions
once
they
learn
that
____9_______(argue)
no
longer
work.
In
the
end,
both
you
and
your
children
will
be
____10_______(happy)
for
it.
答案：
1.
what
2.decisions
3.
to
4.
with
5.
that/which
6.
to
respond
applying
8.
eventually
9.
arguing
10.
happier