Unit 6 Bird watching 知识总结 2021-2022学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8A?Unit?6?Birdwatching
八上
6
birdwatching
观鸟
八上
6
market
市场
['mɑ?k?t]
八上
6
yeah
<口>是的
[je?]
八上
6
hen
母鸡
[hen]
八上
6
yummy
<口>美味的，可口的
[?j?mi]
八上
6
crane
鹤
八上
6
sparrow
n.麻雀
[?sp?r??]
八上
6
feather
n.羽毛
['fe??]
八上
6
swan
n.天鹅
[sw?n]
八上
6
eagle
n.鹰
[?i?ɡ(?)l]
八上
6
broad
adj.宽的，宽大的
[br??d]
八上
6
wing
n.翅膀
[w??]
八上
6
type
n.种类
[ta?p]
八上
6
rare
adj.罕见的，稀有的
[re?]
八上
6
nature
n.大自然，自然界
[?ne?t??]
八上
6
wetland
(尤指为野生动物保存)湿地
八上
6
provide
vt.提供
[pr?'va?d]
八上
6
cover
n.庇护所，遮盖物，罩子
['k?v?]
八上
6
wildlife
n.野生动物
[?wa?ldla?f]
八上
6
perfect
adj.极好的，完美的
[kwest???ne?]
八上
6
round
adv.周围，绕一整圈
[ra?nd]
八上
6
all
year
round
一年到头（短语）
八上
6
while
conj.然而
[hwa?l]
八上
6
stay
n.停留，逗留
[ste?]
八上
6
easily
adv.容易地，不费力地
[?i?z?li]
八上
6
cent
n.分，分币
[sent]
八上
6
per
cent
（英）百分之....
八上
6
in
order
to
以便，为的是（短语）
八上
6
space
n.空间
[spe?s]
八上
6
lead
vt.&vi.
领导，带领
[li?d]
八上
6
lead
to
导致（短语）
八上
6
less
and
less
越来越少（短语）
[les//?nd//les]
八上
6
moreover
此外
[m???r??v?]
八上
6
fisherman
n.渔民，钓鱼的人
[?f???m?n]
八上
6
fish
vi.捕鱼，钓鱼
[f??]
八上
6
government
n.政府
[?ɡ?v?nm?nt]
八上
6
prevent
vt.防止，预防
[pr?'vent]
八上
6
society
n.协会，社会
[s?'sa??ti]
八上
6
record
vt.记录
[?rek??d]
八上
6
change
n.改变，变化
[t?e?nd?]
八上
6
tourist
n.旅行者，观光者
['tu?r?st]
八上
6
count
vt.&vi.计算(或清点)总数
[ka?nt]
八上
6
describe
vt.描述
[d?'skra?b]
八上
6
understand
vt.&vi.
理解，明白
[??nd?'st?nd]
八上
6
importance
n.重要性
[?m?p??t(?)ns]
八上
6
write
down
写下，记下（短语）
[ra?t//da?n]
八上
6
south-east
n.,
adj.
&adv.东南方
八上
6
cover
n.庇护所，遮盖物，罩子
['k?v?]
八上
6
red-crowned
crane
丹顶鹤
八上
6
binoculars[
复]望远镜
八上
6
clearly
adv.清晰地
['kl??li]
八上
6
speaker
n.说话人；演讲者
['spi?k?]
八上
6
tour
n.旅行
[t??]
八上
6
application
n.申请，申请表，应用
[?pl??ke??(?)n]
八上
6
form
n.表格,形状,种类,形态
[f??m]
八上
6
address
n.地址
[?'dres]
八上
6
chairperson
n.主席
八上
6
introduce
vt.介绍
[?ntr??dju?s]
八上
6
natural
adj.自然的，天然的
['n?t??r?l]
考点1
nature
n.
大自然，自然界(教材P70
Reading)
[知识精讲]
nature的形容词形式为natural。
a
nature
reserve
in
China
中国的一个自然保护区
the
Natural
History
Museum
自然历史博物馆
考点精练1
1.
(2019?天津)—
Diana,
I
forget
new
words
quickly.
How
can
I
remember
them?
—
Don't
worry.
It's
________
to
forget
new
words!
I
suggest
you
read
the
words
and
try
to
use
them.
A.
rude
B.
exciting
C.
perfect
D.
natural
考点2
provide
vt.
提供(教材P70
Reading)
[知识精讲]
provide
sth.
for
sb.
＝
provide
sb.
with
sth.
为某人提供某物。
考点精练2
2.
In
the
world,
more
than
30%
of
schools
do
not
provide
safe
drinking
water
________
about
570
million
children.
A.
with
　　
B.
for　
　C.
towards
　
　D.
of
考点3
tourist
n.
旅行者，观光者(教材P70
Reading)
[知识精讲]
相当于traveller/visitor；名词tour意为“旅行，观光”。形容词touristy意为“适宜游览的”。
考点精练3
3.
(2019?安顺)Every
year
many
foreign
________(tour)
come
to
visit
the
Great
Wall
of
China.
考点4
importance
n.
重要性(教材P70
Reading)
[知识精讲]
importance的形容词形式是important，意为“重要的”。与之相类似的形容词与名词的转换还有：
different—difference;
confident—confidence;
silent—silence;
absent—absence等。
the
importance
of
...
……的重要性
考点精练4
4.
(2019·新疆)This
activity
showed
us
the
___________(重要性)
of
protecting
our
environment.
5.
(2019·扬州树人中学三模)After
the
teacher
shared
the
moving
story
with
the
students,
the
whole
classroom
was
in
________(silent)．
6.
(2019?大庆)More
and
more
people
have
realized
the
__________(important)
of
China-Russia
Heihe
Bridge.
考点5
write
down
写下，记下(教材P73
Grammar)
[知识精讲]
write
down为“动词＋副词”结构，后接代词时，应放在write与down之间。
考点精练5
7.
When
you
________
something,
you
record
it
on
a
piece
of
paper
using
a
pen
or
pencil.
A.
put
down
　　
B.
write
down　　
C.
turn
down　　
D.
take
down
考点6
speaker
n.
说话人；演讲者(教材P77
Study
skills)
[知识精讲]
speaker是由动词speak加后缀er构成的名词。类似的还有：
teach—teacher;
work—worker;
sing—singer;
play—player;
dance—dancer;
run—runner等。
考点精练6
8.
Grace
loves
dancing.
She
wants
to
be
a
________(dance)
when
she
grows
up.
考点7
introduce
vt.
介绍(教材P79
Task)
[知识精讲]
名词形式为introduction，意为“介绍”。
introduce
sb./sth.
to
sb.
把某人/某物介绍给某人
introduce
oneself
做自我介绍
考点精练7
9.
Last
weekend,
at
the
welcome
party,
the
host
___________(introduce)
the
history
and
culture
of
Taizhou
to
the
guests.
10.
(2019·凉山)Could
you
get
me
an
____________(introduce)
to
your
friend？
易混词汇
考点1
space与room(教材P70
Reading)
[知识精讲]
1.
room指“为某一目的所需的空间”，侧重表示大小、尺寸等，是不可数名词。如：
There
is
little
room
on
the
bus.
公交车上几乎没有空间了。
2.
space指“(个人)空间；太空”时是不可数名词。如：
You
have
to
give
teenagers
plenty
of
space.
你必须给青少年大量空间。
3.
space指“空地，余地，间隔”时，可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。如：
Please
save
a
space
for
me
in
the
queue.
请在队伍中给我留个位子。(可数)
Put
as
much
space
as
possible
between
the
lines.
在各行间留尽量多的间隔。(不可数)
make
space/room
for
...
为……留空间
take
up
space/room
占据空间
in
space
在太空中
time
and
space
时间和空间(时空)
考点精练1
1.
In
China,
we
are
using
the
FAST
to
find
stars
________.
Now
more
and
more
people
want
to
know
about
the
largest
radio
telescope(望远镜)
in
the
world.
A.
in
person
B.
in
public
C.
in
space
D.
in
room
2.
Don't
stand
too
close
to
North
Americans.
You'd
better
give
them
more
personal
________．
A.
time　　
B.
system　　
C.
space　
　D.
pity
3.
To
create
a
more
comfortable
________，
eating
or
drinking
on
the
subway
in
Beijing
is
not
allowed.
A.
space
　
　B.
shame　
　C.
problem
　　
D.
mind
4.
Perhaps
we
need
to
clear
away
these
books
to
make
________
for
our
new
students.
A.
place
　　
B.
area
　　
C.
time　　
D.
room
考点2
home,
house与family(教材P75
Integrated
skills)
[知识精讲]
1.
home指一个家庭共同生活的地方，也可指一个人出生或长大的地方。
2.
house侧重指居住的地点和建筑物，是不可迁移的。
3.
family表示“家庭”或“家人”，是集体名词，是一种社会意义上的团体，与住房无关。视为整体时，具有单数意义；如指家庭成员时，具有复数意义。
考点精练2
5.
He
was
born
in
Germany,
but
he
has
made
China
his
________.
A.
family　　
B.
address　　
C.
house　　
D.
home
6.
My
________
is
in
Guangzhou.
My
________
have
lived
in
this
________
for
over
10
years.
A.
house;
family;
home　　
B.
home;
family;
house
C.
family;
home;
house
　
D.
house;
home;
family
句型大集合?
1.
What?do?cranes?look?like?
?=?What?are?cranes?like??=?How?do?cranes?look???鹤长什么样？?
2.?How?many?types?of?cranes?are?there?in?the?world??世界上有多少种鹤？?
3.?It?is?a?perfect?place?for?some?rare?birds.?它是适合一些珍稀鸟类生活的完美地方。
?4.?There?are?not?many?cranes?left.?没有很多鹤剩下?
5.?Moreover,?fishermen?keep?fishing?there.?此外，渔民们一直在那里捕鱼。?
6.Studying?Zhalong?helps?us?learn?about?protecting?wildlife.
研究扎龙帮助我们了解保护野生生物。?
7.The?cold?weather?made?some?birds?fly?south?for?the?winter.?
寒冷的天气使一些鸟类飞往南方过冬?
?
??fly?to?sp.?to?spend?the?winter?飞到某地过冬?
8.?You?may?get?thirsty.?你可能会口渴。
?9.?What?/Anything?else??还有什么？?
10.?I?think?it?is?important?for?me?to?do?something?to?protect?them.
It?is?+?adj.?+?for?sb.?to?do?sth.??表示对某人来说做某事怎么样?
e.g.??对我来说,?解决这道数学题很容易。??
It’s?easy?for?me?to?work?out?the?math?problem.?
?????????
孩子们在那条河里游泳是危险的。?
It?is?dangerous?for?children?to?swim?in?that?river.?
?
重点语法
?现在完成时态由“have/has?+过去分词”构成，用法归纳如下：?
（1）现在完成时主要有两个含义：?①表示动作发生在过去，但与现在的情况有联系，有时候无时间状语有时和一些表示不确定的过去时间状语连用，如：many?times,just,yet,ever,?never,?already,?before,?so?far,?by?now等?②表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并且还有可能继续下去的动作，用于延续性动词，且句中常常带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：“since?+时间点/从句”，?for?two?months等。?
（2）现在完成时的句型转换：?
①变一般疑问句时，直接把have/has提前?
②变否定句时在have,has后加not,或者缩写成haven?t/hasn?t?
2.
?to-infinitives?for?purpose?动词不定式作目的状语?
不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的，即动词不定式作目的状语。??
I?had?to?work?hard?to?earn?money.?我不得不努力工作赚钱。?
He?stayed?at?home?to?finish?his?homework.?他留在家完成作业。?
为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加?in?order?to。???
She?is?running?quickly?in?order?to?catch?the?train.??为了赶火车，她正飞快地跑着。?
3.?To?learn?to?use?verbs?+?objects?+?to-infinitives?动词不定式作宾语补足语?
我们还可以用动词不定式来说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中作宾语补足语。???????My?mum?asks?me?to?play?the?piano?two?hours?every?day.?
我妈妈让我每天弹两小时的钢琴。?引导不定式作宾补的动词：warn,?tell,?allow,?ask,?order,?get,?invite,?wish,?want,?encourage等+?sb.?to?do?sth.
1.一年到头
2.以便，为的是
3.导致
4.越来越少
5.写下，记下
6.在市场上
7.在中国东部
8.在中国东南部
9.给某人打电话，号码是…
10.给某人发邮件至…
11.参加活动
12.在鸟展上
13.给濒危的鸟儿拍照
14.发出优美的声音
15.制定法律来阻止…
16.为…提供食物和庇护所
17.百分之三十的…
18.多少种鹤
19.飞往南方过冬
20.自我介绍
21.参加观鸟社团/协会
22.野生动物保护区的重要性
23.鼓励某人做某事
24.建议某人不做某事
25.扎龙自然保护区
26.自然世界
1
all
year
round
2
in
order
to
3
lead
to
4
less
and
less
/
fewer
and
fewer
5
write
down
6
at
the
market
7
in
East
China
/
in
the
east
of
China
8
in
South-east
China
/in
the
south-east
of
China
9
call
sb.
on
…
10
email
sb.
at
…
11
take
part
in
activities
12
at
bird
shows
13
take
photos
of
the
endangered
birds
14
make
beautiful
sounds
15
make
laws
to
prevent
…
16
provide
food
and
cover
for
…
provide
…
with
food
and
cover
17
30
per
cent
of
…
18
how
many
types
/
kinds
of
cranes
19
fly
to
the
south
to
spend
the
winter
fly
south
for
the
winter
20
introduce
oneself
21
join
the
Birdwatching
Society
22
the
importance
of
the
reserve
for
wildlife
23
encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.
24
advise
sb.
not
to
do
sth.
25
Zhalong
Nature
Reserve
26
the
natural
world