Lesson1
动词的时态
重难点分析
高考中通常把时态和语境结合起来考查（常在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中考查）。题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种（也是本专题需要讲解的10种）。
一、动词的基本形式一览表
形式
变化规则
构成方法
例词
原形
see,
finish,
teach,
touch
现在时第三人称单数形式
一般情况
加-s
look—looks,
write—writes
以ch,
sh,
s,
x结尾
加-es
teach—teaches,
finish—finishes,
guess—guesses,
mix—mixes
以o结尾
加-es
do—does,
go—goes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i，加-es
try—tries,
cry—cries
过去式、过去分词规则变化
一般情况
加-ed
stay—stayed,
look—looked
以不发音e结尾
直接加-d
decide—decided,
hope—hoped
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写这个辅音字母再加-ed
stop—stopped,
admit—admitted
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i，加-ed
carry—carried,
try—tried
现在分词
一般情况
加-ing
go—going,
read—reading
以不发音e结尾
去e，再加-ing
have—having,
write—writing
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写这个辅音字母再加-ing
cut—cutting,
run—running
二、常用的10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表
时态
构成
常用时间状语
一般现在时
动词原形(第三人称单数)
always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
every等
一般过去时
动词过去式
yesterday,
the
day
before
yesterday,
the
other
day,
last…,
…ago等
一般将来时
will(shall)+动词原形
tomorrow,
the
day
after
tomorrow,
next…,
in…day等
be
going
to+动词原形
be
about
to+动词原形
过去将来时
would+动词原形
多用于间接引语的宾语从句中
现在进行时
am(is,
are)+现在分词
now,
during
these
days等
过去进行时
was(were)+现在分词
at
eight
yesterday,
at
this
time
yesterday等
将来进行时
will(shall)+be+现在分词
at
eight
tomorrow,
at
this
time
tomorrow等
现在完成时
have(has)+过去分词
already,
just,
yet,
since,
for等
过去完成时
had+过去分词
by…,
before等
现在完成进行时
have(has)+been+现在分词
for…,
since…等
三、注意以下几种时态的区别
1.
一般过去时和现在完成时
(1)
一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不谈现在。如：
I
wrote
a
letter
this
morning.
今天早上我写了一封信。(只说明写过一封信的事实，现在不是早上了)
(2)
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。如：
I
have
written
a
letter
this
morning.
今天早上我已经写了一封信。(已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上)
2.
一般过去时和过去进行时
(1)
一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。如：
It
rained
heavily
last
night.
昨晚下的雨很大。(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)
(2)
过去进行时侧重于强调在过去某个特定时间某动作的持续过程或表示动作正在进行。如：
It
was
raining
cats
and
dogs
last
night.
昨晚一直在下倾盆大雨。(强调没停，一直持续)
3.
现在完成时和现在完成进行时
(1)
现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。如：
I
have
read
the
book.
我已经读了那本书。(已读完)
(2)
现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。如：
I
have
been
reading
that
book
all
the
morning.
今天早上我一直在读那本书。(还没读完)
考点练透
一、单句填空
用所给动词或根据汉语提示填入动词的正确形式。
1.
(1)
—
Remember
the
first
time
we
__________
(meet)?
—
Of
course.
You
__________
(study)
in
Beijing
University
then.
(2)
Cathy
is
taking
notes
of
the
grammatical
rules
in
class
at
Sunshine
School,
where
she
__________
(study)
English
for
a
year.
2.
(1)
The
government
__________
two
factories
in
this
region
since
the
end
of
last
year.
(2)
The
government
__________
two
factories
in
this
region
by
the
end
of
this
year.
(build)
3.
(1)
It
__________
ten
years
since
we
left
school.
(2)
It
__________
two
years
before
we
leave
school.
(be)
4.
They
__________
(work)
on
the
program
for
almost
one
week
before
I
joined
them,
and
now
we
__________
(still
work)
on
it
as
no
good
results
have
come
out
so
far.
5.
The
pen
I
__________
(think)
I
__________
(lose)
is
on
my
desk,
right
under
my
nose.
6.
If
their
marketing
plans
succeed,
they
__________
(increase)
their
sales
by
20
percent.
7.
She
said
that
it
__________
(be)
the
second
time
she
__________
(see)
the
film.
8.
I
don’t
really
work
here.
I
__________
(just
help)
out
until
the
new
secretary
arrives.
9.
Look
at
the
timetable.
Hurry
up!
Flight
2039
__________
(take)
off
at
18:40.
10.
—
How
are
you
today?
—
Oh,
I
__________
(not
feel)
as
ill
as
I
do
now
for
a
very
long
time.
11.
(1)
My
good
friend
__________
from
Guangdong.
(2)
My
good
friend
__________
from
Guangdong
last
week.
(come)
12.
(1)
Where
__________
(be)
you?
(你在哪儿？)
(2)
Where
__________
you
__________?
(be)
(你去了哪？)
(3)
Where
__________
he
__________?
(go)
(他去哪了？)
13.
(1)
Mr.
John
__________
(teach)
English
in
China
for
two
years.
(不在中国了)
(2)
Mr.
John
__________
(teach)
English
in
China
for
two
years.
(也许仍在中国)
14.
(1)
I
__________
(read)
that
novel.
(读过那本小说了)
(2)
I
__________
(read)
that
novel
all
the
morning.
(一直在读那本小说)
15.
(1)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work.
(做完那工作了)
(2)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work
carefully.
(正在认真地做工作)
(3)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work.
(刚要做工作)
二、语篇填空
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
When
he
was
a
little
boy,
Christopher
Cockerell
once
watched
his
mother
turning
the
wheel
of
her
sewing
machine
with
her
hand.
“Wouldn’t
it
work
quickly
if
a
machine
1
(turn)
the
wheel
for
you?”
he
asked.
“I
suppose
I
would,”
said
his
mother,
without
paying
any
attention
to
him.
Christopher
2
(know)
she
always
had
a
lot
of
work,
and
he
wanted
to
help.
In
his
bedroom
there
was
a
toy
steam-engine
which
his
father
3
(buy)
him
as
a
gift.
“I
4
(make)
better
use
of
it,”
little
Christopher
said
to
himself.
So,
when
his
mother
5
(not
use)
her
sewing
machine,
he
fixed
the
toy
steam-engine
onto
it.
When
the
job
6
(finish),
he
was
quite
pleased,
thinking
his
mother
7
(like)
it.
“Very
clever,”
his
mother
said,
when
she
saw
it.
Then
she
sat
down
and
went
on
turning
the
wheel
by
hand.
“I
8
(work)
like
this
for
too
many
years,”
she
explained.
This
taught
Christopher
the
lesson
that
anyone
who
9
(try)
to
improve
anything
10
(have)
to
learn:
Many
people
don’t
like
new
ideas.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every
student
will
be
faced
with
the
same
question
when
he
passes
the
College
Entrance
Examination:
should
he
choose
a
good
major
1
a
good
university?
Different
people
will
come
up
2
different
answers.
Some
students
3
(choose)
a
good
major.
What
they
really
care
is
what
they
like
most.
To
their
mind,
4
or
not
the
university
is
famous
doesn’t
matter
—
as
long
as
he
works
hard,
he
can
learn
well
in
any
university,
and
5
bright
future
is
awaiting
him.
Other
students
pay
more
attention
to
the
fame
and
quality
of
the
universities.
They
pay
great
attention
to
the
university
6
a
good
university
is
a
symbol
of
good
job
prospects.
How
can
you
have
a
broad
horizon
if
you
receive
your
7
(high)
education
at
a
small
college
or
in
a
little
town?
In
my
personal
opinion,
the
best
8
(choose)
is
a
good
major
at
a
good
university.
9
is
known
to
all,
only
if
we
try
our
best
to
study
can
we
get
the
chance.
If
we
cannot
obtain
10
,
I
think
the
first
thing
to
consider
is
a
good
major
itself.
助读词汇
await
vt.
等待
fame
n.
名声
obtain
vt.
获得
to
one’s
mind
依某人来看
pay
more
attention
to
更加注意
job
prospect
工作前景
broad
horizon
广阔的视野
College
Entrance
Examination
高考Lesson2
动词的语态
重难点分析
在英语中，被动语态使用得比汉语要多、要普遍，但大多数句子都使用主动语态。被动语态在英语中极为重要。高考中通常把时态和语态结合起来考查。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态(the
active
voice)和被动语态(the
passive
voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
People
speak
English
all
over
the
world.
全世界的人都在讲英语。(the
active
voice)
English
is
spoken
by
people
all
over
the
world.
(the
passive
voice)
一、动词的被动语态构成一览表(以ask为例)
常用被动语态
构成
常用被动语态
构成
一般现在时
am/is/are
asked
现在完成时
have/has
been
asked
一般过去时
was/were
asked
过去完成时
had
been
asked
一般将来时
will/shall
be
asked
过去将来时
would/should
be
asked
现在进行时
am/is/are
being
asked
过去将来完成时
would/should
have
been
asked
过去进行时
was/were
being
asked
含有情态动词
can/must/may…be
asked
注意事项
被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后面加not；短语动词的被动语态不可漏掉其中的介、副词。固定结构be
going
to,
used
to,
have
to,
had
better变为被动语态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动语态。如：We
are
not
allowed
to
smoke.
不允许我们抽烟。/
He
is
often
made
fun
of
by
his
classmates.
他经常被他的同班同学捉弄。/
Newspaper
used
to
be
sent
here
at
10
a.m.
过去报纸常常是上午10点被送到的。
据说类动词，如：It
is
said/believed/supposed/reported
that…,
It
is
generally
considered
that…,
It
is
well
known
that…等，及It
must
be
admitted/pointed
out
that…等结构常以被动形式出现。
以下主动形式常表被动意义：The
bike
needs/wants/requires
repairing.
这辆自行车需要修理。/
The
film
is
worth
seeing.
这部电影值得看。/
The
door
won’t
shut/open.
这门不能关/开。/
The
play
won’t
act.
这部戏不能演。/
The
clothes
wash
well.
这些衣服很好洗。/
The
book
sells
well.
这本书很畅销。/
The
dish
tastes
delicious.
这份菜尝起来很美味。/
Water
feels
very
cold.
水摸上去很冷。
不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态(即多数的瞬间动词)：appear,
die,
disappear,
end,
fail,
happen,
last,
lie,
remain,
sit,
spread,
stand,
break
out,
come
true,
fall
asleep,
keep
silence,
lose
heart,
take
place等
不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,
have,
hold,
marry,
own,
wish,
cost,
notice,
watch,
agree
with,
arrive
at/in,
shake
hands
with,
succeed
in,
suffer
from,
happen
to,
take
part
in,
walk
into,
belong
to等
系动词无被动语态(“keep”除外)：be,
appear,
become,
fall,
feel,
get,
grow,
look,
remain,
seem,
smell,
sound,
stay,
taste,
turn等
二、被动语态和系表结构的区别
1.
被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如：
The
cup
was
broken
by
a
boy.
这个杯子是被一个男孩打破的。(被动语态)
The
cup
is
broken.
这杯子是破的。(系表结构)
2.
前者可有多种时态，而后者通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：
My
bike
is
being
/
will
be
/
was
repaired.
(被动语态)
我的自行车正在被修理/将被修理/被修理过了。
He
is/was
interested
in
his
work.
(系表结构)
他对他的工作感兴趣。
3.
被动语态可跟by短语，表动作的执行者。如：
The
dress
was
made
by
my
mother.
这件衣服是我妈妈做的。
考点练透
一、单句填空
用括号中所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空。
1.
When
money
__________(spend),
we
can
earn
it
back,
but
when
time
is
lost,
it
will
never
return.
2.
Customers
are
asked
to
make
sure
that
they
__________(give)
the
right
change
before
leaving
the
shop.
3.
Great
changes
__________(take
place)
in
the
city,
and
a
lot
of
factories
__________(set
up).
4.
The
police
found
that
the
house
__________(break
into)
and
a
lot
of
things
__________(steal).
5.
The
discussion
__________(come)
alive
when
an
interesting
topic
was
brought
in.
6.
The
head
teacher
says
that
all
the
preparations
for
the
party
__________(complete)
by
Friday.
7.
The
wet
weather
will
continue
tomorrow
when
a
cold
frost
__________(expect)
to
arrive.
8.
The
careless
driver
is
__________(blame)
for
the
traffic
accident
that
__________(happen)
yesterday.
9.
Flowers
usually
__________(sell)
well
on
Valentine’s
Day,
so
their
flowers
__________(sell)
in
no
time
that
day.
10.
I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
__________(tell)
the
cloth
__________(wash)
well.
11.
Leonardo
da
Vinci
(1452—1519)
__________(say)
to
have
bought
birds
kept
in
cages
in
order
to
have
the
pleasure
of
setting
them
free.
12.
—
Have
you
handed
in
your
schoolwork
yet?
—
Yes,
I
have.
I
guess
it
__________(grade)
now.
13.
If
Newton
lived
today,
he
would
be
surprised
by
what
__________(discover)
in
science
and
technology.
14.
The
work
needs
__________(complete)
by
6
p.m.
15.
The
number
of
deaths
from
heart
disease
__________(reduce)
greatly
if
people
are
persuaded
to
eat
more
vegetables.
16.
We
should
get
into
the
good
habit
of
saving
time
and
never
leave
what
can
__________(do)
today
until
tomorrow.
17.
I
hold
the
belief
that
more
measures
will
__________(take)
to
prevent
loss
of
soil
along
the
Yellow
River.
18.
In
recent
years,
more
and
more
highways
and
overpasses
__________(build
up)
in
Guangzhou.
19.
Many
man-made
satellites
__________(send
up)
into
space
so
far
by
many
countries.
20.
Many
more
trees
__________(plant)
next
year.
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
job
interview
is
an
important
part
of
job
hunting,
as
the
impression
you
create
during
the
job
interview
can
make
the
interviewer
feel
“with
you”
or
“against
you”.
The
job
interview
is
the
time
to
“sell”
1
by
giving
examples
of
experiences
you
have
had
related
to
the
job
and
2
revealing
(展现)
your
good
point.
In
order
to
make
3
solid
impression
with
success,
you
had
better
keep
the
following
two
rules
in
mind:
One
is
to
present
yourself
and
your
4
(able)
to
do
the
job.
However,
don’t
exaggerate
the
truth;
just
be
honest.
Second,
do
more
listening
than
talking.
Listen
carefully
and
get
involved
in
5
the
interviewer
is
saying.
A
good
6
(listen)
is
often
a
considerate
person
and
7
(appreciate)
by
everyone
staying
with
you.
8
it
is
important
to
talk
about
your
successful
experiences,
don’t
come
on
too
strong
and
sound
like
a
boaster
(吹嘘者).
9
you
are
not
sure
what
the
job
will
require
of
you,
ask
questions
to
see
whether
you
do
feel
qualified.
Most
interviewers
will
appreciate
your
questions
10
your
ability
to
listen
and
respond.
助读词汇
interviewer
n.
面试官
solid
adj.
可靠的
present
vt.
呈现；介绍
exaggerate
vt.
夸大
considerate
adj.
体贴的
qualified
adj.
合格的
appreciate
vt.
欣赏
job
hunting
求职
related
to
与……有关
keep…in
mind
记住……
get
involved
in
参与
There
is
no
doubt
that…
毫无疑问……
三、佳作欣赏
下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有动词或动词短语，用心体会其用法。
No
doubt
every
grade
three
student
wishes
to
be
successful
in
the
National
College
Entrance
Examination.
Yet
what
should
we
do
in
order
to
achieve
success?
Here
are
some
suggestions.
First,
it’s
very
important
to
have
a
right
attitude,
for
a
normal
state
of
mind
and
self-confidence
not
only
helps
us
to
relax
but
also
enables
us
to
overcome
difficulties
bravely.
Meanwhile,
we
should
have
a
definite
goal
and
a
correct
estimation
of
ourselves.
Only
in
this
way
will
we
not
be
easily
pleased
or
disappointed
with
what
we
have
known
and
done.
Besides,
we’d
better
sometimes
talk
with
our
parents,
teachers
or
classmates,
who
may
help
us
out
when
we’re
in
trouble.
Finally,
striking
a
proper
balance
between
study
and
rest
keeps
us
energetic
and
a
healthy
diet
is
useful
as
well.
With
these
done,
I
think
we
can
greatly
improve
our
performance.Lesson2
动词的语态
重难点分析
在英语中，被动语态使用得比汉语要多、要普遍，但大多数句子都使用主动语态。被动语态在英语中极为重要。高考中通常把时态和语态结合起来考查。
动词的语态有两种：主动语态(the
active
voice)和被动语态(the
passive
voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：
People
speak
English
all
over
the
world.
全世界的人都在讲英语。(the
active
voice)
English
is
spoken
by
people
all
over
the
world.
(the
passive
voice)
一、动词的被动语态构成一览表(以ask为例)
常用被动语态
构成
常用被动语态
构成
一般现在时
am/is/are
asked
现在完成时
have/has
been
asked
一般过去时
was/were
asked
过去完成时
had
been
asked
一般将来时
will/shall
be
asked
过去将来时
would/should
be
asked
现在进行时
am/is/are
being
asked
过去将来完成时
would/should
have
been
asked
过去进行时
was/were
being
asked
含有情态动词
can/must/may…be
asked
注意事项
被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后面加not；短语动词的被动语态不可漏掉其中的介、副词。固定结构be
going
to,
used
to,
have
to,
had
better变为被动语态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动语态。如：We
are
not
allowed
to
smoke.
不允许我们抽烟。/
He
is
often
made
fun
of
by
his
classmates.
他经常被他的同班同学捉弄。/
Newspaper
used
to
be
sent
here
at
10
a.m.
过去报纸常常是上午10点被送到的。
据说类动词，如：It
is
said/believed/supposed/reported
that…,
It
is
generally
considered
that…,
It
is
well
known
that…等，及It
must
be
admitted/pointed
out
that…等结构常以被动形式出现。
以下主动形式常表被动意义：The
bike
needs/wants/requires
repairing.
这辆自行车需要修理。/
The
film
is
worth
seeing.
这部电影值得看。/
The
door
won’t
shut/open.
这门不能关/开。/
The
play
won’t
act.
这部戏不能演。/
The
clothes
wash
well.
这些衣服很好洗。/
The
book
sells
well.
这本书很畅销。/
The
dish
tastes
delicious.
这份菜尝起来很美味。/
Water
feels
very
cold.
水摸上去很冷。
不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态(即多数的瞬间动词)：appear,
die,
disappear,
end,
fail,
happen,
last,
lie,
remain,
sit,
spread,
stand,
break
out,
come
true,
fall
asleep,
keep
silence,
lose
heart,
take
place等不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,
have,
hold,
marry,
own,
wish,
cost,
notice,
watch,
agree
with,
arrive
at/in,
shake
hands
with,
succeed
in,
suffer
from,
happen
to,
take
part
in,
walk
into,
belong
to等系动词无被动语态(“keep”除外)：be,
appear,
become,
fall,
feel,
get,
grow,
look,
remain,
seem,
smell,
sound,
stay,
taste,
turn等
二、被动语态和系表结构的区别
1.
被动语态表示以主语为承受者的动作，而系表结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如：
The
cup
was
broken
by
a
boy.
这个杯子是被一个男孩打破的。(被动语态)
The
cup
is
broken.
这杯子是破的。(系表结构)
2.
前者可有多种时态，而后者通常只有一般现在时和一般过去时。如：
My
bike
is
being
/
will
be
/
was
repaired.
(被动语态)
我的自行车正在被修理/将被修理/被修理过了。
He
is/was
interested
in
his
work.
(系表结构)
他对他的工作感兴趣。
3.
被动语态可跟by短语，表动作的执行者。如：
The
dress
was
made
by
my
mother.
这件衣服是我妈妈做的。
考点练透
一、单句填空
用括号中所给动词或动词短语的适当形式填空。
1.
When
money
__________(spend),
we
can
earn
it
back,
but
when
time
is
lost,
it
will
never
return.
2.
Customers
are
asked
to
make
sure
that
they
__________(give)
the
right
change
before
leaving
the
shop.
3.
Great
changes
__________(take
place)
in
the
city,
and
a
lot
of
factories
__________(set
up).
4.
The
police
found
that
the
house
__________(break
into)
and
a
lot
of
things
__________(steal).
5.
The
discussion
__________(come)
alive
when
an
interesting
topic
was
brought
in.
6.
The
head
teacher
says
that
all
the
preparations
for
the
party
__________(complete)
by
Friday.
7.
The
wet
weather
will
continue
tomorrow
when
a
cold
frost
__________(expect)
to
arrive.
8.
The
careless
driver
is
__________(blame)
for
the
traffic
accident
that
__________(happen)
yesterday.
9.
Flowers
usually
__________(sell)
well
on
Valentine’s
Day,
so
their
flowers
__________(sell)
in
no
time
that
day.
10.
I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
__________(tell)
the
cloth
__________(wash)
well.
11.
Leonardo
da
Vinci
(1452—1519)
__________(say)
to
have
bought
birds
kept
in
cages
in
order
to
have
the
pleasure
of
setting
them
free.
12.
—
Have
you
handed
in
your
schoolwork
yet?
—
Yes,
I
have.
I
guess
it
__________(grade)
now.
13.
If
Newton
lived
today,
he
would
be
surprised
by
what
__________(discover)
in
science
and
technology.
14.
The
work
needs
__________(complete)
by
6
p.m.
15.
The
number
of
deaths
from
heart
disease
__________(reduce)
greatly
if
people
are
persuaded
to
eat
more
vegetables.
16.
We
should
get
into
the
good
habit
of
saving
time
and
never
leave
what
can
__________(do)
today
until
tomorrow.
17.
I
hold
the
belief
that
more
measures
will
__________(take)
to
prevent
loss
of
soil
along
the
Yellow
River.
18.
In
recent
years,
more
and
more
highways
and
overpasses
__________(build
up)
in
Guangzhou.
19.
Many
man-made
satellites
__________(send
up)
into
space
so
far
by
many
countries.
20.
Many
more
trees
__________(plant)
next
year.
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
job
interview
is
an
important
part
of
job
hunting,
as
the
impression
you
create
during
the
job
interview
can
make
the
interviewer
feel
“with
you”
or
“against
you”.
The
job
interview
is
the
time
to
“sell”
1
by
giving
examples
of
experiences
you
have
had
related
to
the
job
and
2
revealing
(展现)
your
good
point.
In
order
to
make
3
solid
impression
with
success,
you
had
better
keep
the
following
two
rules
in
mind:
One
is
to
present
yourself
and
your
4
(able)
to
do
the
job.
However,
don’t
exaggerate
the
truth;
just
be
honest.
Second,
do
more
listening
than
talking.
Listen
carefully
and
get
involved
in
5
the
interviewer
is
saying.
A
good
6
(listen)
is
often
a
considerate
person
and
7
(appreciate)
by
everyone
staying
with
you.
8
it
is
important
to
talk
about
your
successful
experiences,
don’t
come
on
too
strong
and
sound
like
a
boaster
(吹嘘者).
9
you
are
not
sure
what
the
job
will
require
of
you,
ask
questions
to
see
whether
you
do
feel
qualified.
Most
interviewers
will
appreciate
your
questions
10
your
ability
to
listen
and
respond.
助读词汇
interviewer
n.
面试官
solid
adj.
可靠的
present
vt.
呈现；介绍
exaggerate
vt.
夸大
considerate
adj.
体贴的
qualified
adj.
合格的
appreciate
vt.
欣赏
job
hunting
求职
related
to
与……有关
keep…in
mind
记住……
get
involved
in
参与
There
is
no
doubt
that…
毫无疑问……
三、佳作欣赏
下面是一篇摘自全国英语高考书面表达的范文，文中有许多精彩且灵活的语言表达，其中也包含有动词或动词短语，用心体会其用法。
No
doubt
every
grade
three
student
wishes
to
be
successful
in
the
National
College
Entrance
Examination.
Yet
what
should
we
do
in
order
to
achieve
success?
Here
are
some
suggestions.
First,
it’s
very
important
to
have
a
right
attitude,
for
a
normal
state
of
mind
and
self-confidence
not
only
helps
us
to
relax
but
also
enables
us
to
overcome
difficulties
bravely.
Meanwhile,
we
should
have
a
definite
goal
and
a
correct
estimation
of
ourselves.
Only
in
this
way
will
we
not
be
easily
pleased
or
disappointed
with
what
we
have
known
and
done.
Besides,
we’d
better
sometimes
talk
with
our
parents,
teachers
or
classmates,
who
may
help
us
out
when
we’re
in
trouble.
Finally,
striking
a
proper
balance
between
study
and
rest
keeps
us
energetic
and
a
healthy
diet
is
useful
as
well.
With
these
done,
I
think
we
can
greatly
improve
our
performance.
参考答案
一、单句填空
1.
is
spent
2.
have
been
given
3.
have
taken
place;
have
been
set
up
4.
had
been
broken
into;
stolen
5.
came
6.
will
have
been
completed
7.
is
expected
8.
to
blame;
happened
9.
sell;
were
sold
10.
have
been
told;
washes
11.
is
said
12.
is
being
graded
13.
has
been
discovered
14.
completing
/
to
be
completed
15.
will
be
reduced
16.
be
done
17.
be
taken
18.
have
been
built
up
19.
have
been
sent
up
20.
will
be
planted
二、语法填空本文作者就如何在工作面试时给别人留下可靠印象给读者提供建议。
1.
yourself
缺少宾语填代词。根据句意可知，此处是指推销自己或推荐自己。故填反身代词yourself符合上下文语境和逻辑。
2.
by
根据空后的revealing和句子成分可知，此处与前面by
giving
examples
of
experiences是两个并列成分。故填by。
3.
a
不定冠词的最基本用法，在此意为“一个(可靠的印象)”。
4.
ability
形容词性物主代词后用名词形式。
5.
what
根据句意可知此处是指，仔细听并参与到面试官所说的东西。因此填what引导宾语从句。
6.
listener
作主语填代词。根据句意可知此处是指倾听者。
7.
is
appreciated
分子句子成分可知，appreciate在此作谓语，故考虑时态和语态。时态是一般现在时，根据空后的by可知应该用被动语态。故填is
appreciated正确。
8.
Although
空后是两个分句，故填连接词。再根据句意可知，此处显然应该填一个表让步的连接词，故填Although。注意首字母要大写。
9.
If
根据句意可知，you
are
not
sure
what
the
job
will
require
of
you是个条件，故填If。注意首字母要大写。
10.
and
分析句子成分可知，your
questions和your
ability是两个并列宾语，且中间无句号、分号等，故一定是填并列连词，关系显然是表联合。故填and。Lesson1
动词的时态
重难点分析
高考中通常把时态和语境结合起来考查（常在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中考查）。题干中往往没有明确的时间状语，需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。英语有16种时态，中学阶段常用的是10种（也是本专题需要讲解的10种）。
一、动词的基本形式一览表
形式
变化规则
构成方法
例词
原形
see,
finish,
teach,
touch
现在时第三人称单数形式
一般情况
加-s
look—looks,
write—writes
以ch,
sh,
s,
x结尾
加-es
teach—teaches,
finish—finishes,
guess—guesses,
mix—mixes
以o结尾
加-es
do—does,
go—goes
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i，加-es
try—tries,
cry—cries
过去式、过去分词规则变化
一般情况
加-ed
stay—stayed,
look—looked
以不发音e结尾
直接加-d
decide—decided,
hope—hoped
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写这个辅音字母再加-ed
stop—stopped,
admit—admitted
以“辅音字母+y”结尾
变y为i，加-ed
carry—carried,
try—tried
现在分词
一般情况
加-ing
go—going,
read—reading
以不发音e结尾
去e，再加-ing
have—having,
write—writing
以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写这个辅音字母再加-ing
cut—cutting,
run—running
二、常用的10种动词时态的构成及其常用时间状语一览表
时态
构成
常用时间状语
一般现在时
动词原形(第三人称单数)
always,
usually,
often,
sometimes,
every等
一般过去时
动词过去式
yesterday,
the
day
before
yesterday,
the
other
day,
last…,
…ago等
一般将来时
will(shall)+动词原形
tomorrow,
the
day
after
tomorrow,
next…,
in…day等
be
going
to+动词原形
be
about
to+动词原形
过去将来时
would+动词原形
多用于间接引语的宾语从句中
现在进行时
am(is,
are)+现在分词
now,
during
these
days等
过去进行时
was(were)+现在分词
at
eight
yesterday,
at
this
time
yesterday等
将来进行时
will(shall)+be+现在分词
at
eight
tomorrow,
at
this
time
tomorrow等
现在完成时
have(has)+过去分词
already,
just,
yet,
since,
for等
过去完成时
had+过去分词
by…,
before等
现在完成进行时
have(has)+been+现在分词
for…,
since…等
三、注意以下几种时态的区别
1.
一般过去时和现在完成时
(1)
一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，常和表过去的时间状语连用，即仅谈过去，不谈现在。如：
I
wrote
a
letter
this
morning.
今天早上我写了一封信。(只说明写过一封信的事实，现在不是早上了)
(2)
现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或状态，但和现在有联系，可能刚结束，也可能继续下去。不能和表过去的时间状语连用，译成汉语时可加“已经”。如：
I
have
written
a
letter
this
morning.
今天早上我已经写了一封信。(已经写了一封信，有继续写第二封的可能，现在还是早上)
2.
一般过去时和过去进行时
(1)
一般过去时侧重于说明发生某动作的事实。如：
It
rained
heavily
last
night.
昨晚下的雨很大。(强调下雨，并不强调持续时间)
(2)
过去进行时侧重于强调在过去某个特定时间某动作的持续过程或表示动作正在进行。如：
It
was
raining
cats
and
dogs
last
night.
昨晚一直在下倾盆大雨。(强调没停，一直持续)
3.
现在完成时和现在完成进行时
(1)
现在完成时在含义上着重表示动作的结果。如：
I
have
read
the
book.
我已经读了那本书。(已读完)
(2)
现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性。如：
I
have
been
reading
that
book
all
the
morning.
今天早上我一直在读那本书。(还没读完)
考点练透
一、单句填空
用所给动词或根据汉语提示填入动词的正确形式。
1.
(1)
—
Remember
the
first
time
we
__________
(meet)?
—
Of
course.
You
__________
(study)
in
Beijing
University
then.
(2)
Cathy
is
taking
notes
of
the
grammatical
rules
in
class
at
Sunshine
School,
where
she
__________
(study)
English
for
a
year.
2.
(1)
The
government
__________
two
factories
in
this
region
since
the
end
of
last
year.
(2)
The
government
__________
two
factories
in
this
region
by
the
end
of
this
year.
(build)
3.
(1)
It
__________
ten
years
since
we
left
school.
(2)
It
__________
two
years
before
we
leave
school.
(be)
4.
They
__________
(work)
on
the
program
for
almost
one
week
before
I
joined
them,
and
now
we
__________
(still
work)
on
it
as
no
good
results
have
come
out
so
far.
5.
The
pen
I
__________
(think)
I
__________
(lose)
is
on
my
desk,
right
under
my
nose.
6.
If
their
marketing
plans
succeed,
they
__________
(increase)
their
sales
by
20
percent.
7.
She
said
that
it
__________
(be)
the
second
time
she
__________
(see)
the
film.
8.
I
don’t
really
work
here.
I
__________
(just
help)
out
until
the
new
secretary
arrives.
9.
Look
at
the
timetable.
Hurry
up!
Flight
2039
__________
(take)
off
at
18:40.
10.
—
How
are
you
today?
—
Oh,
I
__________
(not
feel)
as
ill
as
I
do
now
for
a
very
long
time.
11.
(1)
My
good
friend
__________
from
Guangdong.
(2)
My
good
friend
__________
from
Guangdong
last
week.
(come)
12.
(1)
Where
__________
(be)
you?
(你在哪儿？)
(2)
Where
__________
you
__________?
(be)
(你去了哪？)
(3)
Where
__________
he
__________?
(go)
(他去哪了？)
13.
(1)
Mr.
John
__________
(teach)
English
in
China
for
two
years.
(不在中国了)
(2)
Mr.
John
__________
(teach)
English
in
China
for
two
years.
(也许仍在中国)
14.
(1)
I
__________
(read)
that
novel.
(读过那本小说了)
(2)
I
__________
(read)
that
novel
all
the
morning.
(一直在读那本小说)
15.
(1)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work.
(做完那工作了)
(2)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work
carefully.
(正在认真地做工作)
(3)
When
I
got
there,
he
__________
the
work.
(刚要做工作)
二、语篇填空
用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
When
he
was
a
little
boy,
Christopher
Cockerell
once
watched
his
mother
turning
the
wheel
of
her
sewing
machine
with
her
hand.
“Wouldn’t
it
work
quickly
if
a
machine
1
(turn)
the
wheel
for
you?”
he
asked.
“I
suppose
I
would,”
said
his
mother,
without
paying
any
attention
to
him.
Christopher
2
(know)
she
always
had
a
lot
of
work,
and
he
wanted
to
help.
In
his
bedroom
there
was
a
toy
steam-engine
which
his
father
3
(buy)
him
as
a
gift.
“I
4
(make)
better
use
of
it,”
little
Christopher
said
to
himself.
So,
when
his
mother
5
(not
use)
her
sewing
machine,
he
fixed
the
toy
steam-engine
onto
it.
When
the
job
6
(finish),
he
was
quite
pleased,
thinking
his
mother
7
(like)
it.
“Very
clever,”
his
mother
said,
when
she
saw
it.
Then
she
sat
down
and
went
on
turning
the
wheel
by
hand.
“I
8
(work)
like
this
for
too
many
years,”
she
explained.
This
taught
Christopher
the
lesson
that
anyone
who
9
(try)
to
improve
anything
10
(have)
to
learn:
Many
people
don’t
like
new
ideas.
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,
在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every
student
will
be
faced
with
the
same
question
when
he
passes
the
College
Entrance
Examination:
should
he
choose
a
good
major
1
a
good
university?
Different
people
will
come
up
2
different
answers.
Some
students
3
(choose)
a
good
major.
What
they
really
care
is
what
they
like
most.
To
their
mind,
4
or
not
the
university
is
famous
doesn’t
matter
—
as
long
as
he
works
hard,
he
can
learn
well
in
any
university,
and
5
bright
future
is
awaiting
him.
Other
students
pay
more
attention
to
the
fame
and
quality
of
the
universities.
They
pay
great
attention
to
the
university
6
a
good
university
is
a
symbol
of
good
job
prospects.
How
can
you
have
a
broad
horizon
if
you
receive
your
7
(high)
education
at
a
small
college
or
in
a
little
town?
In
my
personal
opinion,
the
best
8
(choose)
is
a
good
major
at
a
good
university.
9
is
known
to
all,
only
if
we
try
our
best
to
study
can
we
get
the
chance.
If
we
cannot
obtain
10
,
I
think
the
first
thing
to
consider
is
a
good
major
itself.
助读词汇
await
vt.
等待
fame
n.
名声
obtain
vt.
获得
to
one’s
mind
依某人来看
pay
more
attention
to
更加注意
job
prospect
工作前景
broad
horizon
广阔的视野
College
Entrance
Examination
高考
参考答案
考点练透
一、单句填空
1.
met,
were
studying;
has
been
studying
2.
has
built;
will
have
built
3.
has
been;
will
be
4.
had
been
working;
are
still
working
5.
thought;
had
lost
6.
will
increase
7.
was;
had
seen
8.
am
just
helping
9.
takes
10.
haven’t
felt
11.
comes;
came
12.
are;
have,
been;
has,
gone
13.
taught;
has
taught
14.
have
read;
have
been
reading
15.
had
done;
was
doing;
was
about
to
do
二、语篇填空
1.
turned
2.
knew
3.
had
bought
4.
will/shall
make
5.
was
not
using
6.
was
finished
7.
would
like
8.
have
been
working
9.
tries
10.
has
三、语法填空
高考后所有学生都面临一个问题——到底是选专业还是选学校？对此，不同的人有不同的看法。作者认为在好的大学读好的专业是最好的，如果不能二者兼之，那么还是先考虑专业。
1.
or
根据文章主题和第二、三段首句可知此处是填表“选择”关系的并列连词。
2.
with
习惯搭配come
up
with意为“提出、想出”。
3.
will
choose
根据首段Every
student
will
be
faced
with和Different
people
will
come
up
2
different
answers.可知，文章是针对即将高中毕业的高中生所写。根据空后的a
good
major可知是此处指大学阶段，故此题用一般将来时。
4.
whether
根据空后的or
not可知，whether在此引导主语从句。
5.
a
不定冠词的最基本用法，在此意为“一个(灿烂的未来)”。
6.
because
空的前后是两个分句，故填连接词。根据两句间的关系可知，
6
a
good
university
is
a
symbol
of
good
job
prospects表原因，故填because引导原因状语从句。
7.
higher
分析句子成分可知，
7
(high)
education作宾语，因此括号中的high
既不作动词也不是词类转化，只能是形容词的比较等级。higher
education意为“高等教育”。
8.
choice
作主语用名词形式。
9.
As
此处As引导的是定语从句，并在从句中作主语，指代后面only
if
we
try
our
best
to
study
can
we
get
the
chance整个情况。
10.
both
根据句意可知，此处是指如果不能二者兼之(a
good
major和a
good
university)，故填不定代词both。(共23张PPT)
do
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
写出下列时态对应的被动语态（以do为例）
do
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
am/is/are
done
am/is/are
being
done
have/has
been
done
have/has
been
being
done
过去
was/were
done
was/were
being
done
had
been
done
had
been
being
done
将来
will
be
done
will
be
being
done
will
have
been
done
will
have
been
being
done
过去将来
would
be
done
would
be
being
done
would
have
been
done
would
have
been
being
done
1.
被动语态的一般结构：be
done
2.
被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)带情态动词的被动结构：情态动词＋be
done
例:
The
baby
should
be
taken
good
care
of
by
the
baby-sitter.
2)
含双宾语的主动句变被动时，将直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动句的主语皆可。注意：如果将直接宾语（物）改为主语，则在间接宾语（人）前加适当的介词。
例:
His
mother
gave
him
a
present
on
his
birthday.
=
He
was
given
a
present
by
his
mother
on
his
birthday.
=A
present
was
given
to
him
by
his
mother
on
his
birthday.
一.
被动语态的常用结构
give
sb
sth--->
sb
be
given
sth.
或
sth
be
given
to
sb
buy
sb.
sth--->
sb
be
bought
sth
或
sth
be
bought
for
sb
【考点归纳】
give
sb.
sth.
pass
sb.
sth.
sell
sb.
sth.
lend
sb.
sth.
bring
sb.
sth.
make
sb.
sth.
buy
sb.
sth.
Sth
be
given
to
sb.
Sth
be
passed
to
sb.
Sth
be
sold
to
sb.
Sth
be
lent
to
sb.
Sth
be
brought
to
sb.
Sth
be
made
for
sb.
Sth
be
bought
for
sb.
主动
被动
2.
被动语态的特殊结构形式
3)
当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动，这时宾语补足语变为主语补足语。
例：Someone
caught
the
boy
smoking
a
cigarette.
=The
boy
was
caught
smoking
a
cigarette.
4)
有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，其中的介词或副词不能省略。
例：The
meeting
is
to
be
put
off
till
Friday.
一.
被动语态的常用结构
2.
被动语态的特殊结构形式
5）在使役动词have,
make,
get以及感官动词see,
watch,
notice,
hear,
feel,
observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。
例：Someone
saw
a
stranger
walk
into
the
building.
=A
stranger
was
seen
to
walk
into
the
building.
一.
被动语态的常用结构
【典例剖析】.They_________
play
football
just
now.
A.
were
seen
to
B.
were
seen
C.
is
being
seen
D.
is
being
seen
to
A
主动语态
被动语态
使役动词
make
sb
do
sth
sb
be
made
to
do
sth
have
sb
do
sth
sb
be
had
to
do
sth
let
sb
do
sth
sb
be
let
to
do
sth
感观动词
see
sb
do
sth
see
sb
doing
sth
sb
be
seen
to
do
sth
sb
be
seen
doing
sth
watch
sb
do
sth
sb
be
watched
to
do
sth
hear
sb
do
sth
hear
sb
doing
sth
sb
be
heard
to
do
sth
sb
be
heard
doing
sth
notice
sb
do
sth
sb
be
noticed
to
do
sth
1.）系动词look,
sound,
feel,
smell,
taste,
appear,
seem,
go,
prove,
turn,
stay,
become,
fail,
get,
grow,
keep等+adj./n.构成系表结构。
例：
Your
reason
sounds
reasonable.?你的理由听起来很合理。
The
book
is
worth
reading.
这本书值得一读。
2.）表示开始、结束、运动的动词，如begin,
finish,
start,
open,
close,
stop,
end,
shut,
run,
move等。
3.）表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，如read,
write,
act,
cut,
draw,
drive,
sell,
wash,
clean,
wear,
open,
cook,
lock,
shut,
eat,
drink等，与副词如well,
easily
,
perfectly
(十分地)等连用
,描会事物的特性，用主动表被动，结构是主语（物）+动词+副词。
例：
That
book
sells
well.
书卖得好。
4.）少数动词的主动进行式表被动，如print,
hang,
fry,
cook等。
例：The
new
house
is
building=The
new
house
is
being
built.
新房在建造中。
二.
主动形式表被动意义
6.）
need,
want,
require（要求，需要）,
deserve
(应得，值得),
be
worth
(值得），not
bear
(经不住)
后面接doing主动表被动。
二.
主动形式表被动意义
7.）在be
to
do
sth结构中,
不定式通常用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义:
例：Who
is
to
blame
for
starting
the
fire?
这场火灾应由谁负责?
例：Your
hair
wants/needs
cutting
(=needs
to
be
cut).
你的头发该剪了。
The
book
is
worth
reading.
这本书值得一读。
5.）介词in,
on,
under+n.构成介词短语表被动（常见的有under
control/repair
/discussion/construction;
beyond
belief/reach/imagination;
on
sale/show;
out
of
control/sight/reach等）
例：The
building
is
under
construction
(=is
being
constructed).
The
rumor
is
beyond
belief（=can’t
be
believed）．
二.
主动形式表被动意义
8.）一些与can’t
(不能)
或won’t
(不会)
连用的动词。常用的有:
lock
(锁住),
shut
(关上)
,
open
(打开),
act
(上演),
write
(写)，cut
(砍，切)，wear
(穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。
例：The
door
won’t
open.
这门打不开
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
试比较：The
door
won't
lock．
（指门本身有毛病）
The
door
won't
be
locked．
（指不会有人来锁门,
指“门没有锁”是人的原因）
9.）不定式作定语，放在被修饰词后面，与前面被修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，又在句子中与另一名词或代词有主谓关系，不定式要用主动表被动含义。
例：I
have
much
work
to
do.
我有许多要做的事情。
（与work有动宾关系，与I有主谓关系）
Exercises:
choose
the
best
choice.
There
are
many
good
films
played
by
ChengLong
that
are
worth
_____.
A.
to
be
seen
B.
being
seen
C.
seeing
D.
to
see
2.
The
food
_____
easily
and
sells
_____.
A.
cooks
;
well
B.
is
cooking;
good
C.
is
cooked;
well
D.
cooked;
good
3.
The
windows
of
the
building
can’t
_____.
A.
be
closed
B.
close
C.
be
closing
D.
closed
C
A
B
1.）不及物动词（短语）不用于被动语态，如：happen,
last,
take
place,
occur,
break
out,
come
out,
come
about,
come
true,
run
out,
give
out,
turn
out,
spread等。
例
How
do
the
newspapers
come
out?
这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？
2.）表示状态的动词（短语）不用于被动语态，如含“容纳、适合、缺少”等
意义的词hold,
contain,
fit,
lack,
benefit,
cost,
join,
mean,
last,
look
like,
consist
of等。
例：
The
room
can
hold
200
people.
这个房间可容纳200人。
3.）表示归属的动词（短语）不用于被动语态，如have,
belong
to,
own等。
例：
That
book
belongs
to
me.
书属于我。
三.
不用被动语态的情况
被动语态与系表结构的区别：
当“be+过去分词”作被动语态时表示主语承受的动作；作系表结构时表示
主语的特点或所处的状态时，be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。
其区分办法如下：
1．如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为
被动语态，否则为系表结构。
例：The
glass
is
broken．
（系表结构）
The
glass
was
broken
by
the
boy．
（被动语态）
2．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
例：The
door
is
locked．
（系表结构）
The
door
has
already/just
been
locked．（被动语态）
系表结构中的过去分词常有其固定的介词搭配，这时过去分词都变成了形容词,
因此也是看似被动实际表主动。如：
be
interested
(in…)，be
surprised
at,
be
excited
about,
be
satisfied/
pleased
with,
be
disappointed,
be
shocked,
be
moved,
be
amazed,
be
frightened,
be
delighted,
be
ashamed
等。
3．一些特殊结构
1)
be
seated
=
sit
down,
take
one’s
seat
就座
The
woman
seated
by
the
window
is
his
mother.
=
The
woman
sitting
by
the
window
is
his
mother.
这样的动词本来就是及物动词，而且后面可跟反身代词做宾语．
类似的词还有dress,
lose,
apply,
devote等。
She
seated
herself
on
the
sofa.
=
She
was
seated
on
the
sofa.
她坐在沙发上。
I
dress
myself
in
clean
clothes.
=
I
get/am
dressed
in
clean
clothes.
我穿上了干净衣服。
2)
be
prepared
(for…)
=
prepare
(for…);
be
ready
(for…)
（为…)准备好
eg:
She
was
prepared
for
anything
to
happen.
她已准备好应付一切.
Well-prepared
for
the
exam,
all
the
students
took
it
confidently.
3)
be
worried
(about
…
)
=
worry
(about…)
对…担心
eg:
She
was
worried
about
her
missing
son.
=
She
worried
herself
about
her
missing
son.
她担心她失踪的儿子。
4)
be
concerned
(about/
with…
)
=
care
about…/
be
relevant
to…关心…;
与…有关联
eg:
We
are
all
concerned
about
his
health.?
【对...担忧】
我们都担心他的健康
We're
all
concerned
for
her
safety.
【对...关注】
我们都关注她的安危
This
book
is
concerned
with
the
adolescent
crime.
【与...有关；涉及...】
这本书与青少年犯罪有关。
5.
be
supposed
(to…)
=
should
应该
eg:
Am
I
supposed
to
clean
all
the
rooms
or
just
this
one?
=
Should
I
clean
all
the
rooms
or
just
this
one?
我应该打扫所有的房间还是仅一间？
6.
be
devoted
to
(doing)
=be
loving
or
loyal
热爱的;
忠实的
eg:
She
is
devoted
to
her
children.
她深爱她的孩子.
Her
life
was
devoted
to
caring
for
the
sick
and
needy.?
她一生都致力于关心照顾贫病交迫的人。
7.
be
addicted
(to…)
=
be
strongly
interested
(in…)对…上瘾
He
was
addicted
to
smoking.
8.
be
used
(to…)
习惯于…
After
three
weeks
she
had
got
used
to
the
extreme
heat.
9.
be
accustomed
(to…)
=be
used
(to…)
习惯（于….)
I
soon
got
accustomed
to
his
strange
ways.
我不久就习惯了他那些奇怪的做法.
以上词组中的to均为介词，其后动词用doing形式
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
proper
form
of
the
given
verbs:
1.__________(
dress)
in
white,
he
looks
like
a
doctor.
2.
After
_________
(stay)
here
for
1
year,
he
_______________
(accustom)
to
the
hot
weather.
3.
You
_____________
(suppose)
to
arrive
here
before
8
o’clock.
4.
You
can
pass
the
exam
as
long
as
you
________________
(prepare,
well)
for
it.
5.
After
all
the
people
____________
(seat),
the
chairman
announced
the
start
of
the
meeting.
Dressed
staying
is
accustomed
are
supposed
are
well-prepared
were
seated
Exercise:
choose
the
best
answer
1.The
construction
of
the
two
new
railway
lines______by
now.
A.has
completed
B.have
completed
C.have
been
completed
D.has
been
completed
2.The
traffic
in
our
city
is
already
good
and
it________
even
better.
A.
gets
B.
got
C.
has
got
D.
is
getting
3.You
can't
move
in
right
now.The
house
_______.
A.has
painted
B.is
painted
C.is
being
painted
D.is
painting
4.I
have
no
idea
what
_______
while
I
was
asleep.
A.
has
happened
B.
was
happened
C.
had
happened
D.
happened
C
D
C
D
Exercise:
choose
the
best
answer
5.-
Do
you
like
the
new
pen?
-
Yes,it
_______
very
well.
A.is
written
B.is
writing
C.writes
D.wrote
6.They
believed
that
by
using
computers
the
production
of
their
factory
________.
A.will
greatly
increase
B.would
greatly
increase
C.would
be
increased
greatly
D.will
have
been
greatly
increased
7.ls
this
the
third
time
that
you
_______
late?
A.have
been
B.am
C.was
D.had
been
C
C
A
Exercise:
choose
the
best
answer
8.Do
I
have
to
take
this
medicine?
It
_______
so
terrible.
A.tastes
B.is
tasting
C.is
tasted
D.has
tasted
9.Don't
take
the
magazine
away.It
_______
me.
A.is
belonged
to
B.belongs
to
C.was
belonged
to
D.is
belonging
to
10.He
will
have
learned
English
for
eight
years
by
the
time
he
_________
from
the
university
next
year.
A.will
graduate
B.will
have
graduated
C.graduates
D.is
to
graduate
11.I
feel
it
is
your
husband
who
_______
for
the
spoiled
child.
A.is
to
blame
B.is
going
to
blame
C.is
to
be
blamed
D.should
blame
A
B
A
C
Thanks
for
listening(共39张PPT)
Lesson
1
动词的时态
do
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
过去
将来
过去将来
do
一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在
do/does
am/is/are
doing
have/has
done
have/has
been
doing
过去
did
was/were
doing
had
done
had
been
doing
将来
will
do
will
be
doing
will
have
done
will
have
been
doing
过去将来
would
do
would
be
doing
would
have
done
would
have
been
doing
英语的16种时态列表（以do为例）[考纲要求掌握10种时态]
①表示习惯性、经常性或永久性的动作，常与often，usually，always，sometimes，once
a
week，frequently,
every
day/week/month等时间状语连用。
例如：He
often
goes
to
work
by
bus.
他经常乘公共汽车去上班。
②表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在的事实
(在主从复合句中，即使主句为一般过去时，从句也遵循此用法)。
例如：My
teacher
told
me
yesterday
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
我的老师昨天告诉我地球围绕太阳转。
③表示能力、特征或现时的情况或状态。
例如：She
lives
in
a
villa
at
the
foot
of
the
hill.
她住在山脚下的一幢别墅里。
1.
一般现在时（do/does）
④在时间状语从句、让步状语从句和条件状语从句中，用于代替一般将来时。
例如：I
will
tell
her
when
she
comes
tomorrow.
她明天来的时候我会告诉她的
⑤表示按时刻表或日程表将要发生的动作或事件，或者事先安排好的动作。有此用法的多为表示“方位移动”“开始/结束”等的短暂性动词（短语），如：
go,
come,
leave,
start,
begin,
arrive,
stop,
finish,
take
off等。
例如：The
train
leaves
at
six
tomorrow
morning.
火车明天早上六点出发。
1.
一般现在时（do/does）
练一练
1.
Look
at
the
timetable.
Hurry
up!
Flight
4026_______(take)
off
at
9:00.
2.
If
it
_______(rain)
tomorrow,
I
won't
go
to
school.
3.
When
fat
and
salt
_______
(remove)
from
food，the
food
tastes
as
if
it
is
missing
something.
takes
rains
are
removed
①表示此刻正在进行的动作或发生的事，常与now,
at
the
moment,
It's
+几点钟，look,
listen等词连用
。
例如：We
are
waiting
for
you.
我们正在等你。
②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或发生的事。有时与时间状语these
days等连用。例如：
Mr.
Green
is
writing
another
novel. 格林先生在写另一部小说。
(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。)
③表示某个按最近的计划或安排将要进行的动作，或表示即将开始或结束的动作。有此用法的动词（短语）有：go,
start,
begin,
leave,
arrive,
come,
return,
run
out等。
例如：I
am
leaving
for
Shanghai
the
day
after
tomorrow.
我打算后天前往上海。
2.
现在进行时（am/is/are+doing）
④常与always,
constantly,
forever
等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩，表达满意、不满、厌恶等强烈的感彩。
例如：You
are
always
changing
your
mind.
你总是改变注意。
2.
现在进行时（am/is/are+doing）
不宜用现在进行时的常见动词
1.
表示感官的动词：feel,
look,
see,
hear,
sound,
taste,
smell等；
2.
表示情感的动词：like,
love,
hate,
fear,
prefer等；
3.
表示存在的动词：exist,
lie（位于），remain等；
4.
表示心理或思想的动词：agree,
hope,
wish,
believe,
understand,
know,
want,
need等；
5.
表示拥有或从属的动词：have,
posses,
own,
consist,
belong等。
①表示过去某个时间或某一段时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday,
last
week/month/year,
just
now,
the
other
day,
three
days
ago等时间状语连用。
例如：Where
did
you
go
just
now?
你刚才去哪儿了？
②表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作。
【注】“used
to
+动词原形
”
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，而现在已不再发生
例如：
When
I
was
a
child,
I
often
played
football
in
the
street.
当我小时候，我经常在街上踢足球。
He
used
to
go
to
work
by
bike.
他过去常骑自行车去上班。
3.
一般过去时（did）
③在表示时间、条件、让步等的状语从句中，用于代替过去将来时。
例如：We
would
not
leave
until
she
came
back.
直到她回来我们才会离开。
She
would
not
go
with
us
if
it
rained
the
next
day.
如果第二天下雨，她就不跟我们一起去。
④表示委婉语气。该用法通常仅限于hope,want,
think,
wonder等少数几个动词及情态动词could,would等。
例如：I
wondered
if
you
could
help
me.
我想知道你是否可以帮我。
Could
you
lend
me
your
bike?
你能借我你的自行车吗
⑤用于一些固定句型中表示虚拟语气，如：It
is
time
that
sb
did
sth.
(是某人做......的时候了)，If
only
sb
did
sth（要是某人...就好了）
3.
一般过去时（did）
练一练
1.
Translated
fiction
sales
in
the
United
Kingdom
______(rise)
by
5.5
percent
last
year,
with
a
grwoing
demand
for
Chinese
titles,
said
Nielsen
Book
on
Wednesday.
2.
The
sun
was
setting
when
my
car
_______
(break)
down
near
a
remote
village.
3.
I
still
remember
visiting
a
friend
who’d
lived
here
for
five
years
and
I
________(shock)
when
I
learnt
she
hadn’t
cooked
once
in
all
that
time.
rose
broke
was
shocked
[解析]
此句型中的when意为at
that
time,
因此可判断此谓语应用一般过去时。同时此句也是一个特殊的句型：...was/were
doing...
when...
did...
①表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或某一段时间内一直在进行的动作。
例如：What
were
you
doing
at
this
time
yesterday?
你昨天这个时间在做什么？
②表示过去的一个动作发生时另一个动作正在进行或表示过去的两个动作
同时进行。
例如：
When
I
came
home,
she
was
cooking
dinner.
当我到家时，她正在做饭。
He
was
reading
newspapers
while
I
was
studying.
我在学习时，他在看报。
③类比现在进行时，表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的动作，或与always,
constantly,
forever
等词连用，表达强烈的感彩。
4.
过去进行时（was/were+doing）
4.
过去进行时（was/were+doing）
课堂延伸
1.
由when引导的时间状语从句，若主句的动作正在进行，这时从句的动作发生了，则主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。
例句：It
was
raining
when
they
left
the
station.
2.由while引导的时间状语从句，当从句的动作正在进行，这时主句的动作发生了，则从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。若主从句的动作在过去同时进行，则主从句均用过去进行时。
例句：My
brother
fell
while
he
was
riding
his
bicycle
and
hurt
himself.
①表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow，next
week(year...)，in
the
future，in+时间段，soon等连用。
【注】shall通常用于第一人称，will通常用于各种人称。
例如：He
will
graduate
from
college
next
year.
他明年将大学毕业。
We
shall
finish
our
work
as
quickly
as
possible.
我们会尽快完成工作。
②在时间状语从句、让步状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来
某些动词用现在进行时表示将来
5.
一般将来时（will/shall+do）
【典例】
Meanwhile,
as
the
construction
goes
on,
more
roads
________(build)
and
the
metro
system
will
be
expanded,
which
can
reduce
traffic
jams.
【答案】will
be
built。
形式
意义
例句
be
going
to
do
打算、计划、准备要做某事
What
are
you
going
to
do
tomorrow?
明天你打算干什么？
有迹象表明要发生的动作
It
looks
as
if
it
is
going
to
rain
看起来好像要下雨了。
be
to
do
按计划或安排要做某事
We
are
to
discuss
the
report
next
Saturday.
我们打算下周六讨论这个报告。
表示义务、命令、禁止等
You
are
to
hand
in
your
application
form
within
three
days.三天之内你必须递交你的申请表
表示注定要发生的事
Her
plan
is
to
be
a
failure.
她的计划注定要失败。
be
about
to
do/be
on
the
point
of
+n/doing
即将或正要做某事
He
is
about
to
leave
for
Beijing.
他正要前往北京。
一般将来时的其他表达形式
①表示将来某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的或持续的动作。
例如：What
will
you
be
doing
at
this
time
next
Monday?
下周一的这个时候你将在做什么？
②表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的动作。
例如：I'll
be
taking
my
holidays
soon.
我不久即将度假。
【注】shall通常用于第一人称，will通常用于各种人称。
6.
将来进行时（will/shall+be+doing）
【典例】
At
this
time
tomorrow
______
over
the
Atlantic.
A.
we're
going
to
fly
B.
we'll
be
flying
C.
we'll
fly
D.
we're
to
fly
【答案】at
this
time
tomorrow是将来进行时的标志词，选B。
时间
现在
过去
将来
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
尝试将所学时态在时间轴上表示出来：
一般时往往用以叙述一个单纯的事实，时间可以很不具体。
而进行时强调动作发生的时刻点，描述性强，比较具体生动。
【注】（其中
would
用于各种人称，
should
常用于第一人称）。
①表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。
例如：He
said
his
mother
would
buy
a
bike
for
him.
他说他的妈妈将会为他买个自行车。
②类比现在进行时，某些动词的过去进行时（如
go，come，
leave，start，
open，begin
等）也可用于表示过去将来。
③在时间和条件状语从句中，常用一般过去时来表示过去将来时（同一般现在时）
④其他表达形式：a.
was/were
going
to
do
b.
was/were
about
to
do
c.
was/were
to
do
7.
过去将来时（would/should+do）
时间
现在
过去
将来
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
过去将来时在时间轴上如何表示呢？
过去将来时
过去将来时：必须保证时间的起点在过去，即从过去某时看，将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
【注】（其中
would
用于各种人称，
should
常用于第一人称）。
①表示在过去将来某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态，它应和表过去将来的时间
连用，也常用在间接引语中。
例如：Bruce
told
me
that
he
would
be
living
in
China
some
day.
布鲁斯告诉我将来有一天他会在中国居住。
He
called
me
in
New
York
to
let
me
know
what
time
he'd
be
arriving.
他打电话到纽约，告诉我他将到达的时间。
They
planned
they
would
be
building
another
big
and
modern
shopping
center
the
next
year.
他们计划第二年再建一家大型现代化购物中心。
8.
过去将来进行时（would/should+be+doing）
He
said
that
he
__________(watch)
TV
at
this
time
tomorrow
【答案】时间起点said为过去，从过去来看，将来的某一个时刻点
进行的动作，用过去将来进行时would
be
watching。
①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是这个影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already,
before,
yet,
never,
ever，recently，lately，twice等状语连用。
例如：
She
has
already
finished
the
work.
她已经完成了工作。
②表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用，如so
far，for+时间段，since+过去时间点
,up
to
now,
in
the
past
few
years,
these
years等
。
例如：She
has
learnt
English
for
3
years.
她学英语三年了
9.
现在完成时（have/has+done）
常用句型
①
It/This
is
the
first(second...)
time
+
(that)从句+
现在完成时
②
It/This
is
the
+
最高级
+
n
+
that从句+现在完成时
③
It
is/has
been
+
一段时间
+
since
+
从句（一般过去时）
考点一
非延续性动词（短语）leave,get
married,come,go,die,buy,borrow
等，在现在完成时的肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，要进行相应的转换才能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
例如：The
man
died
for
4
years.
(×)
The
man
died
4
years
ago.
(√
)
The
man
has
been
dead
for
4
years.
(√
)
但在否定句中，一些非延续性动词可与表示一段时间的状语连用，表示过程或结果。
例如：I
haven't
bought
anything
for
a
year.
我一年没买任何东西了。
非延续性动词
延续性动词
非延续性动词的完成时
borrow
/
lend
keep
have
kept
buy
have
have
had
die
be
dead
have
been
dead
marry
/
get
married
be
married
have
been
married
open
be
open
have
been
open
close
be
closed
have
been
closed
leave
be
away
(from)
have
been
away
(from)
return
be
back
have
been
back
go
there
be
there
have
been
there
join
be
in/a
member
have
been
in(a
member)
常见非延续性动词与延续动词之间的转换：
考点二
have
been
(to)和have
gone
(to)的区别：
★
have
/
has
been
(to)
表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。
★
have
/
has
gone
(to)
表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。
(不与时间段连用)
试比较：
He
has
been
to
Beijing.
他曾去过北京。
（人已回来，可能在这儿）
He
has
gone
to
Beijing.
他已经去了北京。
（人已走，不在这儿）
★
have
/
has
been
(in)
表示“某人已经在某地”，表示已经在某地待了多久,常与“for
+
时间段，
since
+
过去时间”等连用。
例如：He
has
been
in
the
Party
for
one
year.
他入党有一年了。
考点三
一般过去时与现在完成时之比较
1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；
现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
试比较：
I
saw
this
film
yesterday.
（强调看的动作发生过了。）
I
have
seen
this
film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用；
而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
◎
一般过去时的时间状语有：yesterday,
last
week，…ago,
in1980,
just
now等。
◎
现在完成时的时间状语有：for+时间段，since+过去时间点，so
far,
up
to
now,
in
the
past/last
few
years,
recently等。
时间
现在
过去
将来
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
请将现在完成时在时间轴上标出来：
过去将来时
现在完成时：起点在过去，止点在现在。
动作时间包含过去和现在
现在完成时
①表示在过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前已经完成的动作或状态,
时间定位是“过去的过去”。
例如：
I
had
learnt
5000
words
before
I
entered
the
university.
在我进入大学以前，我已经学了5000个词。
②表示从过去某一时刻
开始，一直持续到过去另一时刻的动作或状态，常与for,
by,
until,
before等构成的时间状语连用。
例如：By
then
he
had
learnt
English
for
3
years.
到那时，他已经学英语三年了。
③常用在told,
said,
knew,
heard,
thought等动词后的宾语从句中。
She
said
(that)
she
had
never
been
to
Paris.
她说她还没去过巴黎。
10.
过去完成时（had+done）
④在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
When
the
police
arrived,
the
thieves
had
run
away.
当警察到达的时候，小偷们已经跑了。
⑤表示意向的动词，如hope,
wish,
expect,
think,
intend,
mean,
suppose等，用过去完成时表达"原本打算做…，而实际未能…"
例如：We
had
intended
to
come
and
see
you.
我们本打算来看你。
10.
过去完成时（had+done）
常用句型
①
It/This
was
the
first(second...)
time
+
(that)
...had
done
②
It
was
+
一段时间
+
since
...had
done
③
主语+had
hardly/scarcely(no
sooner)+done+when(than)从句（一般过去时）
时间
现在
过去
将来
一般过去时
一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
请将过去完成时在时间轴上标出来：
过去将来时
过去完成时：起点在过去，止点也在过去。
动作发生在“过去的过去”
现在完成时
过去完成时
常用句型：
1、当某人正在做某事，这时发生了什么：
【sb.
be
doing
sth
when...】
例：I
was
doing
homework
when
my
mother
came
home.
2、当某人刚做完某事，这时发生了什么：
【sb.
had
just
done
sth
when...did...】
例：I
had
just
finished
my
report
when
someone
knocked
at
the
door.
3、当某人正要做某事，这时发生了什么：
【sb.
be
about
to
do
sth
when...】【be
on
the
point
of
doing
when...】
例：One
day,
I
was
about
to
do
some
shopping
when
he
telephoned
me.
①表示在将来某时/某动作之前已经完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响或结果。常与时间状语“by/before
+将来的时间”等连用。
例如：By
this
time
tomorrow
you
will
have
arrived
in
Shenyang.
到明天
这个时候你就会到达沈阳了。
I
shall
have
finished
writing
the
article
by
the
end
of
this
week.
我将在本周末前写完这篇文章。
11.
将来完成时（will/shall
have
done）
【典例】By
the
time
Jane
gets
home,
her
aunt
_______
for
London
to
attend
a
meeting.
A.
will
leave
B.
leaves
C.
will
have
left
D.
left
【解析】by短语常与完成时连用，这里的gets
home是用现在时表将来，
实际上是指一个将来的时间，故主句用将来完成时。句意：到Jane到家
的时候，她的姑姑已经离开家去伦敦参加一个会议了。
①表示在过去将来某一时间或在此以前发生的动作。
例如：Andy
told
me
he
would
have
finished
it
by
9.
安迪告诉我他将在九点前完成。
The
football
team
would
have
arrived
by
6
o'clock.
足球队将于6点前到达。
②用于虚拟语气。
例如：If
you
had
not
helped
me,
I
wouldn't
have
succeeded.
如果你不帮我，我是不会成功的。
12.
过去将来完成时（would/should
have
done）
He
said
that
he
_________(read)
3
books
by
next
Friday.
【解析】根据语境said来看，时间的起点为过去，到将来的某一时间
之前要完成的动作，应用过去将来完成时，故为would
have
read.
①表示动作从过去某时开始一直持续到现在，并有可能持续下去。也可表示到目前为止的一段时间内动作时断时续、反复发生。这个时态通常多限于无限动词，如stay,
wait,
sit,
stand,
lie,
study,
live等，并常与all
this
time,
all
night,
all
the
morning等状语以及since（自从），during等引导的状语或从句连用。
例如：Tom
has
been
working
hard
since
the
new
term
began.
自新学期开始以来，汤姆一直在努力学习。
②有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如be，love，know，see，hear等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能用现在完成时。
例如：I
have
not
seen
you
for
ages.
我好久没有见到你了。
13.
现在完成进行时（have/has+been+doing）
【典例】-Excuese
me,
which
movie
are
you
waiting
for?
-The
new
Star
Wars.
We
______(wait)
here
for
more
than
two
hours.
【解析】表示从过去开始一直等到现在，并且可能还会继续等，故用现在完成进行时have
been
waiting。
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
用法
例句
区别1
现在完成进行时强调动作的未完成性
I
have
been
thinking
it
over.
我一直在仔细考虑这件事
现在完成时强调过去某个动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果
I
have
thought
it
over.
我已经仔细考虑过这件事了。
区别2
现在完成进行时表示动作的反复性
Have
you
been
meeting
him
recently?
你最近经常见他吗？
现在完成时不表示动作的反复性
Have
you
met
him
recently?
你最近见过他吗？
区别3
现在完成进行时可以表示某种感彩
I
have
been
waiting
for
you
for
three
hours.
我已等了你三个小时。（暗含不满的语气）
现在完成时往往只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，不带有感彩
I
have
waited
for
you
for
three
hours.
我已等了你三个小时。（说明一个事实）
①表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到过去这一时间。动作是否还会
继续下去，要由上下文决定。
例如：Bill
said
he
had
been
doing
experiments
those
days.
比尔说他那几天一直在做实验。
The
telephone
had
been
ringing
for
three
minutes
before
it
was
answered.
电话铃响了三分钟才有人接。
I
had
been
looking
for
my
bike
for
days
before
I
found
it.
我找了很多天才找到我的的车子。
14.
过去完成进行时（had+been+doing）
【典例】The
crazy
fans
_______(wait)
patiently
for
two
hours,
and
they
would
wait
till
the
movie
star
arrived.
【解析】从and后的分句可知电影明星还没有到，所以当时还在“等”，体现了进行时态；从主句的时间状语for
two
hours可知是过去完成时，由此可知用过去完成进行时。had
been
waiting
①表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。动作是否还会继续下去，要由上下文决定，常与表示将来某一时间的状语连用。
例如：In
another
month's
time,
Mr
Henry
will
have
been
teaching
here
for
exactly
thirty
years.
再过一个月，亨利先生将在这里从事教学三十年了。
I
shall
have
been
living
here
for
15
years
by
the
end
of
this
month.
到这月底，我就将在这里住够十五年了。
15.
将来完成进行时（will/shall
have
been
doing）
16.
过去将来完成进行时（would/should
have
been
doing）
①表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去将来某一时间的动作。
例如：He
said
that
by
the
end
of
the
Spring
term
he
would
have
been
studying
English
for
three
years.
他说到了春季学期末，他将学了三年英语。
Exercise:
choose
the
best
answer
1.You
_______
television.
Why
not
do
something
more
active?
A.
always
watch
B.
are
always
watching
C.
have
always
watched
D.
have
always
been
watching
2.I
thought
I
_______
the
door,
but
it
is
still
open
A.
had
closed
B.
was
closing
C.
have
closed
D.
would
close
3.By
the
time
you
arrive
in
London,
we
_______
in
Europe
for
two
weeks.
A.
had
stayed
B.
shall
stay
C.
will
have
stayed
D.
have
been
staying
4.Shortly
after
we
______,
a
waiter
came
over
to
our
table
with
a
smile.
A.seated
B.were
seated
C.sat
ourselves
D.had
seated
B
A
C
B
Exercise:
choose
the
best
answer
5.
You
don't
need
to
describe
her.I
______
her
several
times.
A.
had
met
B.
have
met
C.
met
D.
meet
6.When
Jack
arrived,
he
learned
Mary_____for
about
an
hour.
A.had
gone
B.had
set
off
C.had
left
D.had
been
away
7.As
she
_______the
newspaper,
Granny________
asleep.
A.read;
was
falling
B.was
reading;
fell
C.was
reading;
was
flling
D.read;
fell
8.-
Oh,
it's
you?
I
didn't
recognize
you.
-
I
________
my
hair
cut,
and
I
_______
new
glass.
A.had;
was
wearing
B.have
had;
am
wearing
C.had;
wore
D.have
had;
wear
D
B
B
B
9.Someone
_______
my
book.I
______
for
it
for
the
last
ten
minutes
but
I
can't
see
it
anywhere.
A
took;
have
been
looking
B
has
taken；am
looking
C
took;
was
looking
D
has
taken；have
been
looking
10.After
driving
for
thirty
miles,
she
suddenly
realized
that
she______in
the
wrong
direction.
A.had
been
driving
B.has
been
driving
C.drove
D.had
driven
11.No
sooner_______
than
the
accident
happened.
A.
he
had
gone
B.
had
he
gone
C.
his
going
D.
he
went
12.Jane
can’t
attend
the
meeting
at
3
o’clock
this
afternoon
because
she
___________
a
class
at
that
time.
A.
will
teach
B.
would
teach
C.
has
taught
D.
will
be
teaching
D
B
A
D
Thanks
for
listening高中英语时态&语态专项练习
1.
---
Oh,
dear.
I
forgot
the
air
tickets.
---
You
______
something.
?
A.
have
left
B.
are
always
leaving
?
C.
are
leaving
D.
always
left
2.
---
I
______
so
busily
recently
that
I
______
no
time
to
help
you
with
your
math.
---
That’s
OK.
I
can
manage
it
by
myself.
A.
have
been
working;
have
B.
have
worked;
had
C.
am
working;
will
have
D.
had
been
working;
had
had
3.
Remember
to
send
me
a
photo
of
us
next
time
you
______
to
me.
A.
are
writing
B.
will
write
C.
has
written
D.
write
4.
He
______
at
the
meeting,
but
his
heart
attack
prevented
him.
A.
will
speak
B.
is
going
to
speak
C.
had
to
speak
D.
was
going
to
speak
5.
---
I
beg
your
pardon,
but
I
didn’t
quite
catch
you.
---
Oh,
I
______
myself.
A.
am
talking
to
B.
talked
about
C.
have
talked
to
D.
was
talking
to
6.
I
______
ping-pong
quite
well,
but
I
haven’t
had
time
to
play
since
the
New
Year.
A.
will
play
B.
have
played
C.
played
D.
play
7.
I
first
met
Tom
10
years
ago.
He
______
in
a
radio
factory
at
that
time.
A.
had
worked
B.
has
worked
C.
was
working
D.
has
been
working
8.
---
What
______
when
I
phoned
you?
---
I
______
my
work,
and
I
wanted
to
go
out.
A.
have
you
done;
finished
B.
were
you
doing;
have
finished
C.
did
you
do;
had
just
finished
D.
were
you
doing;
had
just
finished
9.
---
Have
you
finished
the
report?
---
No.
I
______
it
all
this
week.
A.
will
do
B.
had
done
C.
have
done
D.
have
been
doing
10.
I
can
guess
you
were
in
a
hurry.
You
______
your
sweater
inside
out.
????
A.
had
worn
B.
wore
C.
were
wearing
D.
are
wearing
11.
---
We
______
that
you
would
fix
the
TV
set
this
week.
---
I’m
sorry.
I
______
to
fix
it
this
week,
but
I’ve
been
too
busy.
A.
had
expected;
had
intended
B.
are
expecting;
had
intended
C.
expect;
intend
D.
expected;
intended
12.
---
Why?
Tom,
your
shirt
is
so
dirty!
---
Mum,
I
______
my
storeroom
downstairs.
A.
cleaned
B.
have
cleaned
C.
was
cleaning
D.
have
been
cleaning
13.
They
won’t
buy
new
clothes
because
they
______
money
to
buy
a
new
house.
A.
save
B.
are
saving
C.
have
saved
D.
were
saving
14.
The
traffic
in
our
city
is
already
good
and
it
______
even
better.
A.
gets
B.
got
C.
has
got
D.
is
getting
15.
---
I
will
come
to
attend
your
lecture
at
10:00
tomorrow.
---
I’m
sorry,
by
then
my
lecture
will
have
ended
and
I
______
my
guests
in
my
office.
A.
is
being
met
B.
will
meet
C.
will
be
meeting
D.
will
have
met
16.
---
Alice
came
back
home
the
day
before
yesterday.
---
Really?
Where
______?
A.
has
she
been
B.
had
she
been
C.
has
she
gone
D.
had
she
gone
17.
I
know
Mr.
Brown;
we
______
to
each
other
at
an
international
conference.
A.
are
introduced
B.
are
been
introduced
C.
were
introduced
D.
had
been
introduced
18.
---
Where
do
you
think
______
he
______
the
computer?
---
Sorry.
I
have
no
idea.
A.
has;
bought
B.
不填;
bought
C.
did;
buy
D.
不填;
buys
19.
Don’t
bother
to
look
for
my
dictionary
---
it
______
some
day.
A.
turns
up
B.
has
turned
up
C.
will
turn
up
D.
is
going
to
turn
up
20.
---
What
do
you
think
of
this
kind
of
TV
set,
which
______
in
Shanghai?
---
Well,
I
don’t
care
about
such
things.
A.
was
made
B.
is
made
C.
has
been
made
D.
had
been
made
21.
---
Did
he
notice
you
enter
the
room?
---
I
don’t
think
so.
He
______
to
the
radio
with
his
eyes
shut.
A.
listened
B.
was
listening
C.
has
listened
D.
had
listened
22.
The
plane
______
at
7:00
pm,
so
I
have
to
be
at
the
airport
by
6:40
at
the
latest.
A.
has
left
B.
would
leave
C.
will
have
left
D.
leaves
23.
The
train
___
at
the
present
speed
until
it
reaches
the
foot
of
the
mountain
at
about?nine
o’clock
tonight.
A.
went
B.
is
going
C.
goes
D.
will
be
going
24.
I
used
to
drink
a
lot
of
tea
but
these
days
I
______
coffee.
A.
prefer
B.
preferred
C.
had
preferred
D.
am
preferring
25.
The
vegetables
didn’t
taste
very
good.
They
______
too
long.
A.
had
been
cooked
B.
were
cooked
C.
have
cooked
D.
cooked
26.
---
Remember
the
first
time
we
met,
Jim?
---
Of
course
I
do.
You
______
in
the
library.
A.
were
reading
B.
had
read
C.
have
read
D.
read
27.
I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
______
the
cloth
______
well.
A.
have
told;
washes
B.
have
been
told;
washes
C.
was
told;
washed
D.
have
been
told;
is
washed
28.
---
Is
Tom
still
smoking?
---
No.
By
next
Saturday
he
______
for
a
whole
month
without
smoking
a
single
cigarette.
A.
will
be
B.
will
have
gone
C.
will
have
been
D.
has
been
going
29.
---
______
Betty
this
morning?
---
Not
yet,
but
she
is
sure
to
be
here
before
noon.
A.
Have
you
seen
B.
Will
you
see
C.
Do
you
see
D.
Did
you
see?
30.
Jim
talked
for
about
half
an
hour
yesterday.
Never
______
him
talk
so
much.
A.
I
heard
B.
did
I
hear
C.
I
had
heard
D.
had
I
heard
31.
---
Look
at
the
black
clouds.
It
______
soon.
---
Sure.
If
only
we
______
out.
A.
is
raining;
didn’t
come
B.
is
to
rain;
won’t
start
C.
will
rain;
haven’t
started
D.
is
going
to
rain;
hadn’t
come
32.
He
___
articles
for
our
wall-newspaper
these
three
years,
and
he
____
about
forty
articles.
A.
has
been
writing;
has
written
B.
has
been
writing;
wrote
C.
is
writing;
has
been
writing
D.
has
written;
has
written
33.
She
______
to
the
office
than
she
got
down
to
writing
the
report.
A.
has
no
sooner
got
B.
had
hardly
got
C.
no
sooner
got
D.
had
no
sooner
got
34.
When
he
was
alive,
the
old
scientist
used
to
say
that
knowledge
______
from
practice
and
he
gained
his
experience
by
doing
a
lot
of
practical
work.
A.
was
coming
B.
had
come
C.
comes
D.
would
come
35.
---
Don’t
forget
to
bring
my
new
books
tomorrow
afternoon.
---
No,
I
______.
A.
don’t
B.
do
C.
won’t
D.
will
36.
I
decided
to
go
to
the
library
as
soon
as
I
______.
A.
finished
what
I
was
doing
B.
finished
what
I
did
C.
would
finish
what
I
was
doing
D.
finish
what
I
did
37.
You
won’t
know
whether
the
coat
fits
you
until
you
______
it
on.
A.
will
try
B.
have
tried
C.
tried
D.
are
trying
38.
My
dictionary
______.
I
have
looked
for
it
everywhere
but
still
______it.
A.
has
lost;
don’t
find
B.
is
missing;
don’t
find
C.
has
lost;
haven’t
found
D.
is
missing;
haven’t
found
39.
______
it
with
me
and
I’ll
see
what
I
can
do.
A.
When
left
B.
Leaving
C.
If
you
leave
D.
Leave
40.
---
How
are
you
planning
to
travel
to
Shanghai?
---
I
______
yet,
but
I
______
taking
a
train.
A.
didn’t
decide;
am
considering
B.
haven’t
decided;
consider
C.
haven’t
decided;
am
considering
D.
hadn’t
decided;
have
considered
41.
---
Excuse
me,
sir.
Would
you
do
me
a
favour?
---
Of
course.
What
is
it?
---
I
______
if
you
could
take
me
to
the
station.
A.
would
wonder
B.
did
wonder
C.
was
wondering
D.
had
wondered
42.
---
Got
your
driving
license?
---
No.
I
______
too
busy
to
have
enough
practice,
so
I
didn’t
take
the
driving
test
last
week.
I’m
going
to
next
week.
A.
was
B.
have
been
C.
am
D.
had
been
43.
With
the
development
of
science,
more
new
technology
______
to
the
field
of
IT.
A.
has
introduced
B.
is
being
introduced
C.
is
introduced
D.
was
introduced
44.
---
Who’s
the
man
over
there?
---
It’s
Jack.
---
Oh?
______
in
Italy.
A.
I
think
he’s
B.
I’ve
thought
he’s
been
C.
I
thought
he
was
D.
I’d
thought
he’d
been
45.
---
I
dropped
in
at
your
house
at
about
ten
last
night,
but
you
weren’t
in.
---
I
______
regular
exercises
at
the
club.
A.
did
B.
was
doing
C.
had
done
D.
have
been
doing
46.
---
Each
of
the
students,
working
hard
at
their
lessons,
______
the
book.
---
So
have
I.
?
A.
is
reading
B.
has
read
C.
reading
D.
reads
47.
The
baby
is
generally
healthy,
but
every
now
and
then
he
______
a
cold.
A.
has
caught
B.
is
catching
C.
will
catch
D.
does
catch
48.
It
is
when
the
plane
______
that
you’d
better
find
out
at
the
booking
office.
A.
would
take
off
B.
had
taken
off
C.
was
taking
off
D.
is
taking
off
49.
---
I’m
sorry,
but
there’s
no
smoking
on
this
flight.
---
Oh,
I
______
that.
Sorry,
I
won’t
again.
A.
don’t
know
B.
didn’t
know
C.
won’t
know
D.
haven’t
known
50.
I
thought
Jim
would
say
something
about
his
school
report,
but
he
______
it.
A.
doesn’t
mention
B.
hadn’t
mentioned
C.
didn’t
mention
D.
hasn’t
mentioned
?
高中英语时态专项习题（50）答案：
1-5
BADDD
6-10
DCDDD
11-15
DDBDC
16-20
BCBCB
21-25
BDDAA
26-30
ABBAD
31-35
DADCC
36-40
ABDDC
41-45
CDBCB
46-50
BDDBC
