人教版（2019）必修三单元专练：Unit 3 Diverse Cultures（含答案）

　必修第三册　Unit
3　Diverse
Cultures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
[2021·郑州模拟]Would
you
go
to
war
for
your
country?
Millions
of
people
do.
But
occasionally,
some
refuse
to
fight.
They're
known
as
conscientious
objectors
(拒服兵役者).
One
of
the
most
famous
from
the
USA
is
Muhammad
Ali.
Muhammad
Ali
was
a
professional
boxer
and
one
of
the
most
outstanding
sports
figures
of
the
20th
century.
He
was
born
on
17th
January
1942
in
Louisville
(Kentucky)
and
began
training
as
an
amateur
boxer
when
he
was
12
years
old.
At
the
age
of
18,
he
won
a
gold
medal
in
the
light
heavy?weight
division
at
the
1960
Summer
Olympics
in
Rome.
He
turned
professional
later
that
year.
At
the
age
of
22,
he
became
the
world
heavyweight
champion.
In
1965,
he
converted
to
Islam
(伊斯兰教)
and
officially
changed
his
name
to
Muhammad
Ai.
Shortly
after,
he
was
called
up
for
military
service
to
fight
in
the
Vietnam
War.
He
was
firmly
against
the
idea.
“My
enemy
is
the
white
people,
not
the
Viet
Cong
(越共)，”
he
explained.
“You
may
oppose
when
I
want
freedom.
You
may
oppose
when
I
want
justice.
You
may
oppose
when
I
want
equality…You
want
me
to
go
somewhere
and
fight,
but
you
won't
even
stand
up
for
me
here
at
home？”
After
refusing
to
_enlist_
during
a
sign?up
ceremony
in
April
1967,
Muhammad
was
arrested.
He
was
found
guilty
of
draft
evasion,
and
deprived
of
his
boxing
titles.
As
a
result,
he
didn't
fight
from
March
1967
to
October
1970.
He
later
became
a
symbol
of
the
anti?war
movement
and
racial
injustice.
In
1971,
his
conviction
was
overturned
by
the
US
Supreme
Court.
Muhammad
Ali
died
on
3rd
June
2016.
1．When
was
Ali
awarded
the
world
heavyweight
champion?
A．In
1960.　　　　　　　
B．In
1965.
C．In
1964.
D．In
1967.
2．From
what
Ali
said,
we
can
infer
that
________.
A．He
felt
uncomfortable
at
home
B．He
was
afraid
of
fighting
in
the
war
C．He
changed
his
name
because
of
the
war
D．He
didn't
get
treated
fairly
because
of
his
color
3．Which
of
the
following
can
best
replace
the
underlined
word
“enlist”
?
A．Accept
the
invitation.
B．Join
the
army.
C．Take
up
boxing.
D．Attend
the
meeting.
4．Why
did
Ali
stop
boxing
from
1967
to
1970?
A．He
wasn't
allowed
to
box.
B．He
was
too
weak
to
box.
C．He
served
in
the
army.
D．He
wanted
to
have
a
break.
B
[2021·上海模拟]ARCHAEOLOGISTS
(考古学家)
GUIDED
BY
laser
images
of
a
remote
region
of
northern
Guatemala
have
discovered
20?foot?high
walls,
watchtowers,
and
other
evidence
that
ancient
Maya
societies
had
been
annoyed
by
warfare
threat
over
many
years.
The
finds
have
upended
long?established
impressions
of
a
civilization
that
it
tamed
the
jungle
and
built
thriving
cities，then
declined
and
disappeared
quietly
beneath
the
dense
tropical
forest.
Among
the
most
surprising
discoveries
was
a
large
stone
complex
now
called
La
Cuemavilla.
Built
on
a
steep
ridge,
the
heavily
fortified
site
included
high
walls.
Moats
which
serves
as
the
largest
defensive
system
ever
discovered
in
the
region.
This
was
surprising
says
an
archaeologist,
“because
we
had
a
tendency
to
romanticize
Maya
warfare
as
something
that
was
largely
ritualized.
But
the
fortifications
were
seeing
suggest
an
elevated
level
of
antagonism
over
centuries.
Rulers
were
so
deeply
alarmed
that
they
felt
the
need
to
invest
in
all
these
hilltop
fortifications.
There
is
an
almost
visible
sense
of
fear
in
this
landscape.”
All
these
findings
owe
credit
to
PACUNAM
LIDAR
Initiative,
a
laser
survey
of
some
800
square
miles
of
the
Maya
Biosphere
Reserve
in
northern
Guatemala.
Using
revolutionary
Laser
technology,
the
survey
revealed
the
long?hidden
ruins
of
a
sprawling
pre?Columbian
civilization
that
was
far
more
complex
and
interconnected
than
most
Maya
specialists
had
supposed.
Guided
by
the
new
Laser
treasure
maps,
the
LIDAR
team
deployed
through
the
jungle
over
the
past
year
to
conduct
hands?on
investigations
of
more
than
a
dozen
of
the
most
promising
sites,
most
of
which
would
have
been
imperceptible
without
LIDAR.
“You
could
walk
over
the
top
of
a
major
ruin
and
miss
it,
”says
an
archaeologist
who's
part
of
the
PACUNA
project.
But
LIDAR
picks
up
the
patterns
and
makes
the
features
pop
out
with
surprising
clarity.
Three?dimensional
maps
generated
by
the
survey
yielded
surprises
even
at
Tikal,
the
largest
and
most
extensively
explored
archaeological
site
in
Guatemala.
The
ancient
city
was
at
least
four
times
bigger
than
previously
thought,
and
surrounded
by
a
massive
ditch
and
fortified
base
stretching
for
miles.
Archaeologists
stress
that
LIDAR,
for
all
its
utility,
will
never
see
below
the
ground
or
yield
direct
dates
of
occupation.
We
still
need
to
dig
and
hack
our
way
through
the
jungle,
but
now
we
have
a
very
accurate
map
to
guide
us.
5．How
did
people
think
of
Maya
before
the
discovery
of
the
defense
ruins?
A．It
was
the
most
advanced
civilization
in
the
history
of
mankind.
B．It
was
long
under
the
threat
of
large?scale
wars.
C．Its
rise
and
decline
were
under
way
peacefully.
D．It
was
finally
destroyed
by
a
large?scale
war.
6．The
underlined
word
antagonism
is
closest
in
meaning
to
________.
A．misery
B．revolution
C．population
decrease
D．opposition
7．Which
of
the
following
statements
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．The
military
mechanism
found
in
La
Cuemavilla
was
intended
for
occupying
more
lands.
B．The
new
laser
technology
was
mainly
used
to
enlarge
the
original
site
size.
C．The
LIDAR
helps
to
avoid
the
traditional
digging
task
in
site
exploration.
D．The
Tikal
site
was
found
to
be
protected
by
certain
defense
works.
8．The
passage
is
mainly
about
________.
A．people'
s
long?time
misunderstanding
of
Maya
civilization
B．discovery
of
Maya
military
works
aided
by
new
explore
technology
C．the
finding
of
a
big
warfare
resulting
in
the
disappearance
of
Maya
civilization
D．The
various
advantages
of
new
technologies
in
the
field
of
archaeology
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2021·青岛模拟]Most
of
us
go
through
some
hardships
in
life.
But
few
things
match
the
__1__
brought
upon
people
by
the
genocide
(种族灭绝)
of
Jews
during
World
War
II
and
it's
still
__2__
people
nowadays.
Luckily,
today's
story
has
a
happy
__3__
for
two
men
and
their
families.
The
two
cousins
__4__
got
to
meet
after
being
separated
75
years
ago
during
the
holocaust
(大屠杀)．
Morris
and
Simon
were
best
friends
as
kids
__5__
the
Nazis
invaded
their
country
Romania
in
1940.
However,
their
families
lost
__6__
as
they
didn't
flee
the
country
together.
Both
grew
up
believing
the
other
died.
Until
some
time
ago
their
children
__7__
the
two
families
on
Facebook.
Morris'
niece
came
across
Simon's
daughter
while
__8__
for
relatives
online
only
to
find
out
that
Simon
is
__9__
in
the
UK.
Morris
settles
in
Israel.
It
took
some
time
but
they
organized
a
__10__
for
the
two
long?lost
men
in
Tel
Aviv,
Israel.
Someone
recorded
a
video
of
this
emotional
meeting
and
__11__
it
online,
leaving
people
all
over
the
world
__12__.
__13__
the
fact
that
both
men
are
in
their
80s,
they
plan
to
keep
in
touch
and
see
each
other
often,
reconstructing
the
beautiful
__14__
they
had
as
children.
And
it
will
surely
not
__15__
with
time.
1．A.gains
B．embarrassment
C．sufferings
D．hope
2．A.encouraging
B．reaching
C．leading
D．affecting
3．A.ending
B．plot
C．background
D．design
4．A.hurriedly
B．eventually
C．suddenly
D．unwillingly
5．A.since
B．before
C．but
D．though
6．A.contact
B．relation
C．news
D．approach
7．A.found
B．responded
C．called
D．reconnected
8．A.searching
B．asking
C．hoping
D．waiting
9．A.happy
B．sociable
C．alive
D．safe
10．A.party
B．dinner
C．reunion
D．travel
11．A.mailed
B．shared
C．donated
D．supplied
12．A.in
silence
B．in
doubt
C．in
panic
D．in
tears
13．A.Despite
B．Beyond
C．Though
D．In
case
of
14．A.wishes
B．understanding
C．friendship
D．ideas
15．A.pass
B．come
C．show
D．decline
Ⅲ.语法填空
[2021·临沂模拟]China's
Liangzhu
Archaeological
Site
1.________
(declare)
on
the
list
of
World
Heritage
sites
on
Saturday
by
UNESCO's
World
Heritage
Committee
during
its
43rd
session
in
Baku,
the
capital
of
Azerbaijan.
The
site,
2.________
is
located
in
Yuhang
District
in
Hangzhou
City
in
China's
eastern
Zhejiang
Province,
showcases
the
civilization
of
prehistoric
rice
agriculture
between
3,300
B．C.
3.________
2,300
B．C.
The
ruins
of
ancient
Liangzhu
city
were
discovered
in
2007,
and
then
large
dam
sites
4.________
(surround)
the
Liangzhu
ancient
city
were
unearthed
continuously
after
2009.
It
was
5.________
(official)
submitted
to
UNESCO
in
2019,
hoping
to
win
6.________
(recognize)
as
a
World
Cultural
Heritage
Site.
The
site
7.________
(include)
archaeological
remains
and
unearthed
cultural
relics
of
the
Liangzhu
Ancient
City
as
well
as
a
wetland
that
covers
8.________
area
of
908.
89
hectares
in
a
plain
river
network.
It
is
also
found
that
the
Liangzhu
ancestors
started
to
use
characters
about
5,000
years
ago,
1,000
years
9.________
(early)
than
previously
thought,
according
to
Colin
Renfrew,
a
retired
professor
of
archaeology
at
the
University
of
Cambridge.
The
World
Heritage
Committee
added
Liangzhu
to
the
UNESCO
list
10.________
(encourage)
better
protection
of
the
site,
considered
to
be
of
“outstanding
universal
value”
to
humanity.
详解答案
必修第三册　Unit
3　Diverse
Cultures
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述美国最有名的拳王穆罕默德·阿里拒服兵役的故事。
1．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段He
was
born
on
17th
January
1942
in
Louisville
(Kentucky)和At
the
age
of
22,
he
became
the
world
heavyweight
champion.阿里出生于1942年，22岁时成为世界重量级冠军。可知，阿里成为世界重量级冠军是在1964年。故选C。
2．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“My
enemy
is
the
white
people,
not
the
Viet
Cong(越共)
，”
he
explained.可知，阿里认为，他的敌人是白人，而不是越共。从而可以推断出，因为他的肤色，他没有得到公平的对待。故选D。
3．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据上文中Shortly
after,
he
was
called
up
for
military
service
to
fight
in
the
Vietnam
War.
He
was
firmly
against
the
idea.他被征召入伍参加越南战争。他坚决反对这个想法，和下文中He
was
found
guilty
of
draft
evasion,
and
deprived
of
his
boxing
titles.
他被判逃避兵役，可以猜测出，这里为“穆罕默德拒绝入伍，随后被逮捕。”之意。故选B。
4．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段He
was
found
guilty
of
draft
evasion,
and
deprived
of
his
boxing
titles.
As
a
result,
he
didn't
fight
from
March
1967
to
October
1970.
他被判逃避兵役，并被剥夺了拳击冠军，可知从1967年3月到1970年10月，不允许他打拳击。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普类短文阅读。文章主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现了玛雅军工厂。
5．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据文章第一段The
finds
have
upended
long?established
impressions
...
beneath
the
dense
tropical
forest.可知，发现颠覆了长久以来人们对文明的印象。文明曾驯服丛林，建设繁荣的城市，然后衰落，静静地消失在茂密的热带森林之下。从而可以推断出，在发现防御遗址之前，人们都认为玛雅的崛起和衰落都是和平进行的。故选C。
6．答案与解析：D　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段This
was
surprising
says
an
archaeologist,
“because
we
had
a
tendency
to
romanticize
Maya
warfare
as
something
that
was
largely
ritualized.考古学家一直倾向于把玛雅战争浪漫化，认为它在很大程度上是仪式化的，及转折词but
提示，可知，这些防御工事表明，几个世纪以来双方的对抗程度有所上升。从而猜测出antagonism
在文中是“对抗；敌对”的意思。故选D。
7．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Three?dimensional
maps
generated
by
the
survey
yielded
...
fortified
base
stretching
for
miles.可知，蒂卡尔遗址被一条巨大的壕沟和绵延数英里的防御基地所包围，受其保护。故选D。
8．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段ARCHAEOLOGISTS
(考古学家)
GUIDED
BY
laser
images
of
a
remote
region
of
northern
Guatemala...beneath
the
dense
tropical
forest.及其全文可知，本文主要讲了在新科技的帮助下发现玛雅军工厂。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两个老人在75年后再续从前的友谊。因为纳粹的入侵Morris和Simon这两个儿时的好朋友，被迫离开家园，从此分离，再也没有联系，而且都以为对方已经过世。一次偶然的机会，他们的下一代得知他们都还活着，所以在以色列让他们重聚。两位老人虽然已经80来岁，但决定以后都要保持联系，并且经常见面。
1．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的Most
of
us
go
through
some
hardships
in
life.可知此处用“苦难”符合语境，hardship和suffering是同义词复现，故选C。
2．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。结合常识可知，纳粹给犹太人带来的苦难，影响了他们几代人，encouraging鼓励；
reaching达到；leading通向；
affecting影响。故选D。
3．答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的The
two
cousins
__4__
got
to
meet
after
being
separated
75
years
ago
during
the
holocaust
(大屠杀)．可知两兄弟在75年后见面了，这是个幸福的结局，ending结局；plot情节；
background背景；
design设计。故选A。
4．答案与解析：B　考查副词词义辨析。根据下文的after
being
separated
75
years
ago
during
the
holocaust
(大屠杀)．可知此处用“最终”符合语境，hurriedly匆忙地；
eventually最终；
suddenly突然；
unwillingly不乐意地。故选B。
5．答案与解析：B　考查连词词义辨析。根据下文they
didn't
flee
the
country
together.可知他们后来分开了，所以此处讲述的纳粹入侵之前的事情，故选B。
6．答案与解析：A　考查名词词义辨析。根据下文的they
didn't
flee
the
country
together可知此处用“失去联系”符合语境，contact联系；relation关系；
news新闻；approach方法，途径。故选A。
7．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的they
plan
to
keep
in
touch
and
see
each
other
often可知两个老人取得了联系，由此推测，他们的孩子使两个家庭重新联系上了，found发现；responded回答；called打电话；
reconnected重新联系。故选D。
8．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。根据上文的Facebook和下文的online可知此处用“搜索”符合语境，故选A。
9．答案与解析：C　考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文的Both
grew
up
believing
the
other
died.可知此处用“活着的”符合语境，die和alive是反义词对比，故选C。
10．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的the
two
long?lost
men可知此处用“重聚”符合语境，reunion重聚。故选C。
11．答案与解析：B　考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的it
online可知，此处是指把视频分享到了网上，mailed邮寄；shared分享；
donated捐赠；supplied提供。故选B。
12．答案与解析：D　考查介词短语辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指两个老人75年后重聚的场面让人们流下了激动的泪水。in
silence安静地；in
doubt怀疑地；
in
panic恐慌地；in
tears流着泪。故选D。
13．答案与解析：A　考查介词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，此处是指尽管年龄很大了，但两位老人还是决定要保持联系。though也有此意，但它是连词，而此处需要介词，故选A。
14．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。根据上文的Morris
and
Simon
were
best
friends
as
kids可知此处用“友谊”符合语境，wishes愿望；understanding理解；
friendship友谊；
ideas主意。故选C。
15．答案与解析：D　考查动词词义辨析。结合上下文可知，两位老人的友谊在75年后还保持不变，那么在将来也不会随着时间而消退，decline消退。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。主要说明了联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在阿塞拜疆首都巴库举行的第43届会议上，于周六宣布中国良渚遗址为世界遗产。同时说明了良渚遗址的一些情况。
1．答案与解析：was
declared　考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且根据时间状语on
Saturday可知为一般过去时，主语为Liangzhu
Archaeological
Site，谓语动词用单数形式。故填was
declared。
2．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句关系词。本句为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词site，且先行词在从句中做主语，表示“遗址”故用关系代词which。故填which。
3．答案与解析：and　考查连词。根据固定短语between...and...“在……之间”。故填and。
4．答案与解析：surrounding　考查非谓语动词。句意：2007年发现良渚古城遗址，2009年以后，围绕良渚古城的大型水坝遗址陆续出土。分析句子结构可知surround在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语dam
sites构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填surrounding。
5．答案与解析：officially　考查副词。句意：它于2019年正式提交联合国教科文组织，希望获得世界文化遗产的认可。修饰句中动词submit应用副词，故填officially。
6．答案与解析：recognition　考查名词。此处做win的宾语，且表示“认可”应用名词recognition。故填recognition。
7．答案与解析：includes　考查动词时态。本空为句子的谓语动词，且结合语境描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为site，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填includes。
8．答案与解析：an　考查冠词。area为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且area为元音音素开头的单词。cover
an
area
of指占地面积，故填an。
9．答案与解析：earlier　考查形容词比较级。根据后文than
previously
thought可知应用形容词比较级，故填earlier。
10．答案与解析：to
encourage　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词added，分析句子结构可知encourage在句中做非谓语动词，且做目的状语故用不定式。故填to
encourage。