中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
5
What
are
the
shirts
made
of?
SectionA
2d&Grammar
focus-4c导学案
【学习目标】
1．掌握单词：Germany，surface，material，traffic，postman，cap，glove。
2．根据所学内容，进一步掌握一般现在时的主动语态与被动语态。
3．通过开展小组学习活动，培养协作意识。
【学习重难点】
学会灵活运用主动语态和被动语态及其变化规律。
【自主预习】
完成句子。
1.
你的衬衫是棉的吗？
____
your
shirts
_____
____
cotton?
2.
是的,
而且它们产于美国。Yes,
they
are.
And
they
were
_____
___
the
US.
3.
飞机模型是由什么制成？
______
the
model
plane
______
of?
4.
它是由旧木头和玻璃制成.It’s
made
of
____
_____
and
______.
5.
茶产自中国哪里？______
___
tea
_________
in
China?
6.
茶产自很多不同的地区。It’s
produced
in
many
________
_____.
7.
茶是如何制成的？_____
is
tea
__________?
8.
茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后,
它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Tea
plants
____
______
on
the
sides
of
the
mountains.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
____
______
by
hand
and
then
____
_____
for
processing.
9.
在杭州人们种植茶叶。
People
_____
____
in
Hangzhou.
Tea
___
______
(by
people)
in
Hangzhou.
【合作探究】
探究一:
完成教材2d的任务
1.读2d对话，并回答下面问题。
1).
Which
city
is
well-known
for
its
tea?
2).
Where
is
tea
grown?
3).
How
are
tea
leaves
picked?
4).
Where
is
tea
sent?
5).
Why
is
tea
drunk
all
over
the
world?
2.How
is
tea
produced?
First,
tea
plants
__________
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
Next,
tea
plants
_________
by
hand,
when
_________
are
ready.
Then,
tea
plants
_______
for
processing.
Finally,
the
tea
_________
and
_____
to
many
different
countries
and
places
around
China.
3.
读对话，并分组进行角色扮演。并在全班面前展示。
4.
根据对话完成下面短文。
China
______________
tea.
Tea
__________
in
many
different
places
in
China.
For
example,
Anxi
and
Hangzhou
____________________
their
tea.
As
far
as
we
know,
tea
plants
_________
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
_________
by
hand
and
then
________for
processing.
Then
the
tea
__________
and
________
to
many
different
countries
and
places
around
China.
It
seems
that
people
all
over
the
world
drink
Chinese
tea.
Because
tea
__________
both
health
and
business.
探究二
、浏览课本P150，了解动词语态相关知识。
动词的语态是表示句子主语与谓语动词之间关系的一种动词形式。英语中的动词语态有两种：_______语态和________语态。主动语态表示的主语是动作的_______，被动语态表示的主语是动作的________。
探究二、
仔细观察下列例句，试着总结被动语态在一般现在时中的句式结构。
1）Rice
_________
__________
in
southern
China.
大米在中国南方被种植。
Paper__________
____________
from
wood.
纸是用木头制造的。
The
Olympic
Games
__________
__________
every
four
years.
奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。
总结：一般现在时的被动语态的陈述句结构：主语+__________+动词的________
形式+（其他）.
e.g.
The
shirts
（make）of
cotton.
Tea
plants
(grow)
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
2）The
room
________________
every
day.
这个房间不是每天被打扫的。
I
_________________
because
of
the
different
language.
我因为语言不同而不被理解。
The
animals
_________________
everyday.
动物们每天都没有被很好地照顾。
总结：一般现在时的被动语态的否定句结构：主语+_______
+_______+动词的
____
形式+其他.
e.g.
I
_________________
(not
allow)
to
go
out
with
friends
on
school
nights.
Many
students
________________
(not
give)
chances
to
show
themselves
in
class
because
the
class
size
is
too
big.
3）_________
Lily
___________
in
the
news?
Lily在那则新闻中被提到了吗？
—Yes,
she
is.是的。/
No,
she
isn’t.
不是。
_________
I
_________
at
a
nice
seat?
我被安排到了好位子上吗？
—Yes,
you
are.是的。/
No,
you
aren’t.
不是。
_________
you
___________
by
the
students?
学生能听清楚你的话吗？
—Yes,
I
am.
是的。
/
No,
I
am
not.
不是。
总结：一般现在时的被动语态的一般疑问句结构：________+主语+动词的______
形式+（其他）？
肯定回答：Yes,
________+_________
否定回答：No,
________+_________
e.g.
Are
tea
plants
grown
on
the
sides
of
mountains?
Yes,
_______
________.
No,
________
_______
Is
the
classroom
cleaned
by
students
every
day?
Yes,
_______
________.
No,
_______
________
4）________
the
model
plane
_________
__________?
________
_________
tea
_________
in
China?
_________
__________
tea
__________?
总结：一般现在时的被动语态的特殊疑问句结构：
______
+
+主语+动词的
____
探究三、语法精讲
一般现在时的被动语态
1．语态
语态是动词的一种形式，用于说明主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态中的执行者可由介词by引出。如：
Lots
of
students
love
this
English
song.许多学生喜爱这首英文歌曲。(主动语态，句子的主语lots
of
students是动作love的执行者)
→This
English
song
is
loved
by
lots
of
students.(被动语态，句子的主语this
English
song是动作love的承受者)
2．一般现在时的被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成，其中的助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化。一般现在时的被动语态的各种句式如下：
句式
构成
例句
肯定句
主语＋am/is/are＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)
English
is
widely
used
all
over
the
world.
否定句
主语＋am/is/are＋not＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)
The
uniforms
are
not
worn
by
students
every
day.
一般疑问句
Am/Is/Are＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)
Are
you
asked
to
stay
at
the
room
alone？
3.
主动语态变被动语态的方法
把主动语态的句子转换为被动语态的句子，需遵循以下几个步骤：先找出谓语动词；再找出谓语动词后的宾语；把宾语用作被动语态句子中的主语(宾语若是人称代词，须将宾格变为主格)；再将主动语态的句子中的主语置于介词by之后(主语若是人称代词，须将主格变为宾格)；注意人称、时态和数等的变化。如：
We
plant
trees
every
year.
我们每年种树。→Trees
are
planted
(by
us)
every
year.
4．注意事项
(1)
不及物动词(短语)如happen，rise，appear，come
out，take
place等没有被动语态。
(2)
动词短语如talk
about，pay
attention
to，take
care
of等在变为被动语态时，其中的介词不可漏掉。
(3)
在主动语态的句子中，感官动词和使役动词后面接省略to的动词不定式；但在变为被动语态时，不能省略to。
(4)
有些动词的主动语态形式可以表示被动意义。如：
These
books
sell
well.这些书卖得很好。
探究四：
完成4a－4c的任务
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共37张PPT)
Unit5
What
are
the
shirts
made
of
?
人教新目标版
九年级上
SectionA
2d
Grammar
Focus-4c公开课
Warming-up
New
drills
1.
What
do
you
know
about
tea?
2.
How
many
kinds
of
tea
do
you
know
of?
3.
What
place
is
famous
for
Tieguanyin/Longjing
tea?
Liu
Jun
and
Pam
are
talking
about
Chinese
tea.
1.
Which
city
is
well-known
for
its
tea?
2.
Where
is
tea
grown?
3.
How
are
tea
leaves
picked?
4.
Where
is
tea
sent?
5.
Why
is
tea
drunk
all
over
the
world?
Tea
plants
are
grown
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
Anxi
and
Hangzhou
are
widely
known
for
their
tea.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
are
picked
by
hand.
The
tea
is
sent
to
many
different
countries
and
places
around
China.
Because
tea
is
good
for
both
health
and
business.
Read
2d
carefully
and
answer.
Tea
plants
____________
Tea
leaves
________________
Then
tea
leaves
___________________
The
tea
____________
Finally
the
tea
_________
many
countries
and
places
around
China.
are
grown.
are
picked
by
hand.
are
sent
for
processing.
is
packed.
is
sent
to
How
is
tea
produced?
被动语态结构:
be动词+V过去分词
Fill
in
the
blanks.
Turn
the
verbs
into
past
tense
and
past
participle
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
pick
pack
produce
send
know
grow
picked
packed
produced
sent
knew
grew
picked
packed
produced
sent
known
grown
Pam:
China
is
famous
for
tea,
right?
Liu
Jun:
Yes,
both
in
the
past
and
now.
Pam:
Where
is
tea
produced
in
China?
Liu
Jun:
Well,
in
many
different
areas.
For
example,
Anxi
and
Hangzhou
are
widely
known
for
their
tea.
Pam:
How
is
tea
produced?
Liu
Jun:
Well,
as
far
as
I
know,
tea
plants
are
grown
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
2d
Listen
again
and
repeat.
be
widely
known
for因为…众所周知
as
far
as
I
know据我所知
on
the
sides
of
mountains在山坡上
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
are
picked
by
hand
and
then
are
sent
for
processing.
Pam:
What
happens
next?
Liu
Jun:
The
tea
is
packed
and
sent
to
many
different
countries
and
places
around
China.
Pam:
It
seems
that
many
people
all
over
the
world
drink
Chinese
tea.
Liu
Jun:
Yes,
people
say
that
tea
is
good
for
both
health
and
business!
by
hand用手，亲手
be
sent
for被送去做
be
sent
to被送到某地
It
seems
that
…似乎...,
看来好像
...
be
good
for有益于…
新中国十大名茶
西湖龙井、
江苏碧螺春、
安徽黄山毛峰、
江西庐山云雾茶
安徽六安瓜片、
湖南君山银针
河南信阳毛尖
福建武夷岩茶、
福建安溪铁观音
安徽祁门红茶
常见茶种类：green
tea绿茶
black
tea红茶
oolong
tea
乌龙茶
white
tea
白茶
yellow
tea
黄茶
dark
tea
黑茶
1.China
is
famous
for
tea.中国因为茶而闻名。
be
famous
for
因为……而闻名
同义词组
be
known
for.
be
famous
/known
as
为“作为……而闻名”
be
known/famous
to
为人知晓
，为人熟悉
?
Hong
Kong
is
known
for
its
shopping
streets.
香港因它的购物街出名。
?
Hong
Kong
is
known
as
a
shopping
city.
香港作为一个购物城市出名。
?
Hong
Kong
is
known
to
people
all
over
the
world.
香港为全世界的人所知晓。
2.Where
is
tea
produced
in
China?
注意：produce,
grow和plant均可用来描述农作物及植物的“种植；生产；生长”。
?
These
trees
can
produce
very
good
apples.
这些树能结出优质的苹果。（produce指农作物产量化地“出产”，或自然地“生长；长出；结出果实”）
?
These
plants
grow
from
seeds.
这些植物从种子生长而来。（grow表示“种植；使生长”，着重指种植以后的栽培、生长过程）
?
They
planted
tomatoes
and
carrots
in
their
backyard.
他们在后院栽种了西红柿和胡萝卜。（plant侧重“栽种；播种”这一行为，指把种子或秧苗种到土壤里使之生长。）
3.
It
seems
that
Chinese
tea
is
drunk
all
over
the
world.
It
seems
that
…：“似乎...,
看来好像
...”，it
：形式主语；
seems
：系动词,
that
引导表语从句
seem:
连系动词或不及物动词，
“似乎；好像”
：
1.主语+
seem
+(to
be
)+表语（表语:名词或形容词，其他的词或短语，说明主语的特征或状态）
2.
主语+
seem
+
不定式，（seem与不定式构成复合谓语）
3.
There
+
seem
to
be
+名词（to
be
可省略；seem
的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定）
4.
seem
like
＋名词
“看起来好像是
…
”
【活学活用】
1)
似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。
2）汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。
3）格林夫人似乎不太喜欢这个主意。
4）看来没有再等的必要了。
5）看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。
It
seems
that
no
one
knows
what
has
happened
in
the
park.
Tom
seems
(to
be)
a
very
clever
boy.
Mrs
Green
doesn’t
seem
to
like
the
idea.
There
seems
no
need
to
wait
longer.
There
doesn’t
seem
(to
be)
much
hope
of
our
beating
that
team.
China
______________
tea.
Tea
__________
in
many
different
places
in
China.
For
example,
Anxi
and
Hangzhou
____________________
their
tea.
As
far
as
we
know,
tea
plants
_________
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
_________
by
hand
and
then
________for
processing.
Then
the
tea
__________
and
________
to
many
different
countries
and
places
around
China.
It
seems
that
people
all
over
the
world
drink
Chinese
tea.
Because
tea
__________
both
health
and
business.
Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
conversation.
is
famous
for
is
produced
are
widely
known
for
are
grown
are
picked
are
sent
is
packed
is
good
for
sent
Consolidation
Role-play
the
conversation.
Pam:
China
is
...?
Liu
Jun:
Yes,
....
Pam:
Where...?
Liu
Jun:
Well,
....
For
example,
....
Pam:
How
...?
Liu
Jun:
Well,
....
When...
.
Pam:
What
happens
next?
Liu
Jun:
The
tea
....
Pam:
It
seems
....
Liu
Jun:
Yes,
...!
Liu
Jun
Pam
Role
play
1.
你的衬衫是棉的吗？
____
your
shirts
_____
____
cotton?
2.
是的,
而且它们产于美国。
Yes,
they
are.
And
they
were
_____
___
the
US.
3.
飞机模型是由什么制成？
______
the
model
plane
______
of?
4.
它是由旧木头和玻璃制成。
It’s
made
of
____
_____
and
______.
5.
茶产自中国哪里？______
___
tea
_________
in
China?
6.
茶产自很多不同的地区。
It’s
produced
in
many
________
_____.
Practice
Fill
in
the
blanks.
made
in
Are
made
of
What’s
made
Where
is
produced
different
areas
used
wood
glass
7.
茶是如何制成的？
_____
is
tea
__________?
8.
茶树种植在山坡上。当茶叶长成后,
它们被手工采摘下来，然后送去加工。
Tea
plants
____
______
on
the
sides
of
the
mountains.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
____
______
by
hand
and
then
____
_____
for
processing.
9.
在杭州人们种植茶叶。
People
_____
____
in
Hangzhou.
Tea
___
______
(by
people)
in
Hangzhou.
How
produced
are
grown
are
picked
are
sent
grow
tea
is
grown
Are
your
shirts
made
of
cotton?
Yes,
they
are.
And
they
were
made
in
the
US.
What’s
the
model
plane
made
of?
It’s
made
of
used
wood
and
glass.
Where
is
tea
produced
in
China?
It’s
produced
in
many
different
areas.
How
is
tea
produced?
Tea
plants
are
grown
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
When
the
leaves
are
ready,
they
are
picked
by
hand
and
then
are
sent
for
processing.
Active
voice:
People
grow
tea
in
Hangzhou.
Passive
voice:
Tea
is
grown
(by
people)
in
Hangzhou.
一般现在时的被动语态
Grammar
Focus
英语中有两种语态。即主动语态
(The
Active
Voice)与被动语态（The
Passive
Voice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者.
eg:Many
people
speak
English.
（主动语态,
句子的主语many
people是动作speak的执行者）
English
is
spoken
by
many
people.
（被动语态,
句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者）
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。其人称、数和时态的变化都是通过助动词be的不同形式表现出来的。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语形式为“am/
is/
are+及物动词的过去分词”。
This
jacket
is
made
of
cotton.
这件夹克是棉的。
Many
trees
are
planted
by
us
every
year.
我们每年种很多树。
Tea
is
grown（by
people）in
Hangzhou.
杭州产茶。
被动语态要说明动作的发出者就加上by+sb（被某人，由某人）
动词过去分词的变化:
1.规则动词的过去分词：
1)一般情况在动词原形后加-ed
watch---watched
2)以不发音e结尾的加-d
practice---practiced
3)以辅音加y结尾的，去y变i加-ed
study---studied
4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加-ed
stop---stopped
drop---dropped
英语重读闭音节就是闭音节中为重读音节的音节，重读闭音节中元音字母不是发它本身的字母音，而是发短元音。
2.不规则动词的过去分词：
如：am/is/are______
was/were_____
have/has_____
do_____
go_______
write______
eat____
leave_____
drink______
take_____
break______
speak______
steal______
see______
give______
get______
bring______
know______
had
done
gone
been
been
written
eaten
left
drunk
taken
broken
spoken
stolen
seen
given
gotten/got
brought
known
规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。部分不规则动词的过去分词形式也和过去式一样。
一般现在时的被动语态的句式结构
1.
肯定句:
主语
+
be
+及物动词的过去分词+
(by…)
The
news
is
published
by
the
government.
2.
否定句:
主语
+
be
+
not
+及物动词的过去分词+
(by…)
The
news
isn’t
published
by
the
government.
3.
一般疑问句：Be
+
主语
+及物动词的过去分词+(by…)?
Is
the
news
published
by
the
government?
特殊疑问句：疑问词
+
be
+
主语
+及物动词的过去
分词+
(by…)?
When
is
the
news
published
by
the
government?
使用被动语态的情况
（1）当动作的执行者不必或不易说出时，用被动语态。
The
flowers
are
watered
every
morning.
（2）需要突出动作的承受者时，用被动语态。动作的执行者由by引出且置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。
The
new
teacher
is
liked
by
all
the
students.
（3）表示“据说，据报道，人们相信”等，常用“It
is
+过去分词+
that从句”句型。
It
is
believed
that
both
of
the
chairs
were
repaired
by
him.
（4）文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语也常使用被动语态。
Teachers
Wanted.
(省略了are)
招聘老师。
不能使用被动语态的情况
（1）系动词get，turn，become，seem，look，sound，smell，taste，feel等后接形容词作表语时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
)
That
dog
looks
dangerous.
（2）动词need，want以及短语be
worth
等后接动词-ing时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
My
flowers
need
watering.
（3）某些表示主语质地特征的不及物动词，如write，wash，sell，read，clean，drive
等，它们的主语为物时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
This
kind
of
skirt
sells
well
here.
（4）不及物动词或词组没有被动结构，如：take
place
（发生），happen（发生），come
out（发生），break
out（爆发），
appear（出现），
disappear（消失），last（持续）等。
主动语态变被动语态
主动句：
主语
+
及物动词
+
宾语
被动句：
主语
+
be
+
p.p.
+
by
+
宾语
口诀：
原宾变现主
谓语变被动
加之by引导
English
is
spoken
by
most
people
in
the
world.
Most
people
in
the
world
speak
English.
一般现在时的被动语态：主语+am
/
is
/
are
(not)
+done
主动变被动解题步骤:
1.
找宾语
----即动作的承受者
2.
判断新主语的单复数
----即be动词的单复数
3.
根据原动词的时态
----即be动词的时态
4.
修改谓语的时态
----即原句动词改为过去分词
5.
原句主语
后移
变为by+宾格/名词
They
make
shoes
in
that
factory.
Shoes
are
were
made
by
them
in
that
factory.
注意：1.在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。
例如：
(1)
The
boss
makes
them
work
ten
hours
a
day.
?
(2)
Tom
lets
his
little
sister
water
flowers
every
day.??
→
They
are
made
to
work
ten
hours
a
day.
→
His
little
sister
is
let
to
water
flowers
every
day
by
Tom.
2.如果主句中有两个宾语（间接宾语和直接宾语），可以将其中任何一个变成被动句主语。
常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send
/bring/
lend/teach/buy
例如：The
teacher
gives
the
pupils
some
advice.
直接宾语
间接宾语
→The
pupils
are
given
some
advice
by
the
teacher.
→Some
advice
is
given
to
the
pupils
by
the
teacher.
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
brackets.
4a
1.
Children
under
18
_______________
(not
allowed)
to
watch
this
show
without
their
parents.
2.
We
_________
(pay)
by
the
boss
on
the
last
Friday
of
each
month.
3.
A:
What
language
___________
(speak)
in
Germany?
B:
Most
people
speak
German,
but
many
can
speak
English,
too.
4.
Most
of
the
earth’s
surface
__________
(cover)
by
water.
5.
The
classroom
needs
to
_________
(clean)
every
day.
are
not
allowed
are
paid
is
spoken
is
covered
be
cleaned
boss
n.
老板;
上司
Germany
n.
德国
surface
n.
表面;
表层
be
(not)
allowed
to
do
sth.
（不）被允许做某事
be
（not）
allowed
to
do
sth.是（not）
allow
sb.to
do
sth.的被动形式。
My
parents
are
different
from
others.
I’m
allowed
to
make
my
own
decisions.
（1）allow
sb.
to
do
sth.
允许某人做某事。
Please
allow
me
to
introduce
Mr.
White.
（2）
allow
doing
sth.
允许做某事。
We
don’t
allow
smoking
in
the
hall.
Children
under
18
aren’t
allowed
to
watch
this
show
without
their
parents.
Rewrite
the
sentences
using
the
passive
voice.
4b
Farmers
plant
the
tea
on
the
sides
of
mountains.
_____________________________________________
2.
This
shop
uses
the
best
materials
to
make
dresses.
_____________________________________________
3.
Careless
driving
causes
many
traffic
accidents.
_____________________________________________
4.
The
postman
brings
letters
and
postcards
to
people’s
homes.
_____________________________________________
5.
Our
family
does
not
use
this
silver
plate
very
often.
_____________________________________________
The
tea
is
planted
on
the
sides
of
mountains
by
farmers.
The
best
materials
are
used
to
make
dresses
by
this
shop.
Many
traffic
accidents
are
caused
by
careless
driving.
Letters
and
postcards
are
brought
to
people’s
homes.
This
silver
plate
is
not
used
very
often
in
our
family.
pencil,
jacket,
sweater,
T-shirt,
shoes,
cap,
gloves,
ring,
earrings
...
It’s
made
of
wood.
What’s
your
pencil
made
of?
Where
was
it
made?
It
was
made
in
Shanghai.
Ask
five
classmates
about
something
they
are
wearing
or
have
in
their
schoolbags.
The
list
of
words
below
may
help
you.
4c
glove
作名词，常成对出现，a
pair
of
gloves“一副手套”
。
I’m
searching
for
a
pair
of
blue
gloves
to
match
my
new
coat.
英语中，成对出现的常用词有：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php
