中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit
6
When
was
it
invented?
SectionA
2d&Grammar
focus-4c导学案
【学习目标】
1．掌握下列词汇：project，pleasure，zipper，daily，have
a
point,
bell，musical，instrument，biscuit，fridge，low。
2．根据所学内容，进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。
3．通过开展小组学习活动，培养协作意识。
【学习重难点】
1.
一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。
2.
综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。
【自主预习】
完成句子。
1.
拉链什么时候发明的？When
_____
the
zipper
_________
?
2.
1893年发明的。It
___
_________
in
1893.
3.
它是谁发明的？
Who
______it
______
___
?
4.
Whitcomb
Judson发明的。It
____
_____
___Whitcomb
Judson.
5.
茶什么时候带到韩国的？When
___
tea
______
____Korea？
6.
第六世纪和第七世纪间带到韩国。
It
____
________
_____
Korea
during
the
6th
and
7th
centuries.
7.冰激凌加热勺是做什么用的？
What
_____
the
hot
ice-cream
scoop
______
______?
8.它是用来盛真正冷的冰激凌的。
It____
_____
_____
________
really
cold
ice-cream.
Alexander
Graham
Bell
1876年发明电话。
【合作探究】
探究一:
完成教材2d的任务
1.读2d对话，并回答下面问题。
1).What
is
the
subject
for
their
school
project?
2).
What
kind
of
invention
does
Roy
think
of?
3).
Why
does
Roy
think
it
is
a
great
invention?
4).
Who
and
when
was
the
zipper
invented?
5).
When
did
the
zipper
become
popular?
2.
读对话，并分组进行角色扮演。并在全班面前展示。
3.
根据对话完成下面短文。
Do
you
know
how
small
_________
changed
the
world?
That’s
the
subject
for
my
______
______.
I
want
to
introduce
the
_______.
It
is
______
a
great
invention
______
it
is
often
______
in
our
______
_______.
Zippers
can
______
______
_____
dresses,
______
,
shoes,
bags,
almost
everywhere.
I
have
seen
on
a
________
that
the
_________
of
different
inventions
were
______.
There
it
________
that
the
zipper
was
invented
_____
Whitcomb
Judson
in
1893.
But
it
wasn’t
used
_________
at
that
time.
In
around
1917,
it
became
___________.
探究二
、语法精讲。
1．一般过去时的被动语态的构成
一般过去时的被动语态表示在过去某一时间发生的被动性动作，由“was/were＋及物动词的过去分词＋by＋动作执行者”构成，无须说明动作的执行者时可省略“by＋动作执行者”。如：
The
flowers
were
watered
by
Lucy.这些花是露西浇的水。
The
bridge
was
built
in
1987.这座桥是在1987年建造的。
2．一般过去式的被动语态的基本句式
句式
构成
例句
肯定句
主语＋was/were＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)．
These
cakes
were
made
by
my
sister
last
night.这些蛋糕是我的姐姐昨晚做的。
否定句
主语＋was/were＋not＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)．
The
watch
was
not
found
yesterday
afternoon.那块手表昨天下午没有被找到。
一般疑问句及答语
Was/Were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)?肯定回答：Yes，主语＋was/were.否定回答：主语＋wasn't/weren't.
—Was
the
book
written
in
English？这本书是用英语写的吗？—Yes，it
was.是的，它是。—No，it
wasn't.不，它不是。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋及物动词的过去分词(＋其他)？
When
were
the
photos
taken？这些照片是什么时候拍的？Where
was
the
pet
dog
found？那个宠物狗是在哪儿被发现的？
3.
使用被动语态的注意事项
(1)含有双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要忽略间接宾语前的介词。如：
We
gave
some
flowers
to
Miss
Gao
on
Teachers'
Day.
教师节那天，我们给高老师送了一些花。
→Some
flowers
were
given
to
Miss
Gao
on
Teachers'
Day.
【注意】含有双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。如：
My
mother
gave
me
a
pencil.妈妈送给我一支铅笔。
→I
was
given
a
pencil
by
my
mother.
→A
pencil
was
given
to
me
by
my
mother.
(2)
含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。如：
We
handed
in
our
homework
last
Friday.上周五我们上交了家庭作业。
→Our
homework
was
handed
in
last
Friday.
(3)
在含有使役动词(make，let等)或感官动词(see，watch，notice，hear等)的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但改为被动语态时要把省去的to还原。如：
I
saw
him
cross
the
road
and
enter
the
shop.我看到他穿过马路进入了商店。
→He
was
seen
to
cross
the
road
and
enter
the
shop.
探究三：
完成4a－4c的任务
HYPERLINK
"http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
"
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共31张PPT)
Unit
6
When
was
it
invented?
人教新目标版
九年级上
SectionA
2d
Grammar
Focus-4c公开课
Warming-up
Thomas
Edison
was
a
famous
American
inventor.
More
than
1,000
inventions
were
made
by
Edison.
Invention
Inventor
Time
Usage
(用途)
telephone
Bell
1876
making
phone
calls
computer
an
American
1976
getting
information
light
bulb
Edison
1879
giving
light
camera
a
Frenchman
1839
taking
pictures
bike
a
German
1817
riding
Make
conversations
according
to
the
table.
A:
When
was...
invented?
B:
It
was
invented
by...
in...
A:
What
is
it
used
for?
B:
It
is
used
for...
Lead-in
What
do
these
things
have
in
common?
They
all
have
zippers.
zipper
n.
拉链；拉锁
New
drills
The
zipper
is
a
small
and
normal
invention
in
our
daily
lives.
However,
we
can
see
zippers
almost
everywhere!
Lead-in
Paul
is
preparing
for
his
school
project.
Roy
comes
to
help
him.
Read
the
conversations
between
them
and
find
out
something
about
the
zipper.
project
n.
课题；项目
What
is
the
subject
for
their
school
project?
2.
What
kind
of
invention
does
Roy
think
of?
3.
Why
does
Roy
think
it
is
a
great
invention?
4.
Who
and
when
was
the
zipper
invented?
5.
When
did
the
zipper
become
popular?
Small
inventions
that
changed
the
world.
The
zipper.
Because
it
is
often
used
in
our
daily
lives.
Whitcomb
Judson
invented
it
in
1893.
Around
1917.
Read
2d
carefully
and
answer.
Whitcomb
L.
Judson?
(1846
–1909)
was
an?American?machine
salesman,
mechanical
engineer
and
inventor.
He
developed
and
invented
the
zipper
in
1890.?
2d
Listen
again
and
repeat.
Paul:
Hey
Roy,
the
subject
for
my
school
project
is
“Small
inventions
that
changed
the
world.”
Can
you
help
me
think
of
an
invention?
Roy:
My
pleasure!
Let
me
think…
hmm…
I
know!
The
zipper!
Paul:
The
zipper?
Is
it
really
such
a
great
invention?
Roy:
Think
about
how
often
it’s
used
in
our
daily
lives.
You
can
see
zippers
on
dresses,
trousers,
shoes,
bags…
almost
everywhere!
My
pleasure!乐意效劳！
如此伟大的一项发明
在我们的日常生活
Paul:
Well,
you
do
seem
to
have
a
point…
Roy:
Of
course!
I
thought
about
it
because
I
saw
a
website
last
week.
The
pioneers
of
different
inventions
were
listed
there.
For
example,
it
mentioned
that
the
zipper
was
invented
by
Whitcomb
Judson
in
1893.
But
at
that
time,
it
wasn’t
used
widely.
Paul:
Really?
So
when
did
it
become
popular?
Roy:
Around
1917.
有道理
不同发明的先驱者
1.——Can
you
help
me
think
of
an
invention?——My
pleasure!
pleasure
n.
高兴,
愉快
with
pleasure
高兴地
My
pleasure也可说成It’s
a
/
my
pleasure.或
A
pleasure，意思是“我的荣幸；愿为你效劳；这是件愉快的事”。
take
pleasure
in
sth.\doing
sth.很高兴做=It’s
a
pleasure
to
do
sth.
Language
points
【活学活用】1)
我会愉快地记着这次的会晤。
2）我非常高兴和你一起学习。
I
will
remember
this
meeting
with?pleasure.
I
take
great
pleasure
in
studying
with
you.=It’s
a
great
pleasure
to
study
with
you.
2.Well,
you
do
seem
to
have
a
point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，“的确，确实”在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。
have
a
point指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。
【活学活用】1)
他昨天下午的确来这儿了。
2）也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
He
did
come
here
yesterday
afternoon.
Perhaps
you
have
a
point
there,
but
the
problem
is
that
we
don’t
have
a
choice.
3.
For
example,
it
mentioned
that
the
zipper
was
invented
by
Whitcomb
Judson
in
1893.
mention表示“提到；提及”，是及物动词，其后接名词或代词作宾语时，无需用任何介词；另外注意不接双宾语。
若后接动词，要用动名词，mention
doing
sth.
提到做某事
口语中Don’t
mention
it.
主要用来回答感谢，意为“不客气”；
有时也用来回答道歉，意为“没关系”。
【活学活用】1)
他从未向我提及他有个女朋友。
2）我一提起踢足球，他就说太忙。
He
never
mentioned
his
girl
friend
to
me.
Whenever
I
mention
playing
football,
he
says
he’s
too
busy.
Do
you
know
how
small
_________
changed
the
world?
That’s
the
subject
for
my
______
______.
I
want
to
introduce
the
_______.
It
is
______
a
great
invention
______
it
is
often
______
in
our
______
_______.
Zippers
can
______
______
_____
dresses,
______
,
shoes,
bags,
almost
everywhere.
I
have
seen
on
a
________
that
the
_________
of
different
inventions
were
______.
There
it
________
that
the
zipper
was
invented
_____
Whitcomb
Judson
in
1893.
But
it
wasn’t
used
_________
at
that
time.
In
around
1917,
it
became
___________.
inventions
school
project
zipper
such
that
used
daily
lives
be
seen
on
trousers
website
pioneers
listed
mentioned
by
widely
popular
Fill
in
the
blanks
according
to
the
conversation.
Consolidation
Role-play
the
conversation.
Paul:
Hey
Roy,
...
Can
...?
Roy:
My
pleasure!
Let
…
hmm…
I
know!
The
...!
Paul:
The
...?
Is
...?
Roy:
Think
about
....
You
can
...!
Paul:
Well,
you
…
Roy:
Of
course!
I
thought
....
The
....
For
example,
....
But
....
Paul:
Really?
So
...?
Roy:
...
Roy
Paul
Role
play
Practice
1.
拉链什么时候发明的？
When
_____
the
zipper
_________
?
2.
1893年发明的。It
___
_________
in
1893.
3.
它是谁发明的？
Who
______it
______
___
?
4.
Whitcomb
Judson发明的。
It
____
_____
___Whitcomb
Judson.
5.
茶什么时候带到韩国的？
When
___
tea
______
____Korea？
was
invented
was
invented
was
invented
by
was
invented
by
was
brought
to
6.
第六世纪和第七世纪间带到韩国。
It
____
________
_____
Korea
during
the
6th
and
7th
centuries.
7.冰激凌加热勺是做什么用的？
What
_____
the
hot
ice-cream
scoop
______
______?
8.它是用来盛真正冷的冰激凌的。
It____
_____
_____
________
really
cold
ice-cream.
9.Alexander
Graham
Bell
1876年发明电话。
was
brought
to
is
used
for
is
used
for
serving
Alexander
Graham
Bell
invented
the
telephone
in
1876.
The
telephone
was
invented
(by
Alexander
Graham
Bell)
in
1876.
When
was
the
zipper
invented?
It
was
invented
in
1893.
Who
was
it
invented
by?
It
was
invented
by
Whitcomb
Judson.
When
was
tea
brought
to
Korea?
It
was
brought
to
Korea
during
the
6th
and
7th
centuries.
What
is
the
hot
ice-cream
scoop
used
for?
It’s
used
for
serving
really
cold
ice-cream.
Active
Voice:
Alexander
Graham
Bell
invented
the
telephone
in
1876.
Passive
Voice:
The
telephone
was
invented
(by
Alexander
Graham
Bell)
in
1876.
一般过去时的被动语态
Grammar
Focus
一般过去时的被动语态由“was/
were
+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
The
mobile
phone
has
greatly
influenced
people’s
life
since
it
was
invented.
These
books
were
written
for
children.
一般过去时的被动语态的构成
用法
示例
表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者
The
house
was
built
in
1990.
这所房子建于1990年。
讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者
He
was
honored
with
the
name
“
Father
of
Hybrid
Rice”.
他被授予“杂交水稻之父”的称号。
一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+
was/
were
+过去分词+
(by…).
The
club
was
set
up
in
2010.
否定句
主语+
wasn’t/
weren’t
+过去分词+
(by…).
1
wasn’t
told
to
attend
the
meeting
yesterday.
一般疑问句及回答
Was/Were+主语+过去分词?
肯定回答:
Yes,
主语+
was/
were.
否定回答:
No,
主语+wasn’t/
weren’t.
—
Were
the
trees
planted
last
year?
—
Yes,
they
were./
No,
they
weren’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+
was/were+主语+过去分词?
When
was
the
bridge
completed?
一般过去时的被动语态的句式
（1）含双宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要忽略间接宾语前的介词。
We
gave
some
flowers
to
Miss
Gao
on
Teachers’
Day.
→
Some
flowers
were
given
to
Miss
Gao
on
Teachers’
Day.
（2）含有动词短语的主动结构变被动结构时，不要漏掉短语中的介词或副词。
We
handed
in
our
homework
last
Friday.
→
Our
homework
was
handed
in
last
Friday
(by
us).
使用被动语态时的注意事项
（3）在含有使役动词make或感官动词（see,
watch,
notice,
hear
等）的主动语态的句子中，这些词后常跟省略to的动词不定式，但是改为被动语态时则要把省去的to还原。
I
saw
him
cross
the
road
and
enter
the
shop.
→
He
was
seen
to
cross
the
road
and
enter
the
shop
(by
me).
使用被动语态时的注意事项
（4）含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，既可将间接宾语转化为主语，也可将直接宾语转化为主语。若将间接宾语转化为主语，则保留直接宾语；若将直接宾语转化为主语，则保留间接宾语，且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for。
My
mother
gave
me
a
pencil.
→
I
was
given
a
pencil
by
my
mother.
→
A
pencil
was
given
to
me
by
my
mother.
使用被动语态时的注意事项
（5）其他：
There
be
结构没有被动语态。
Happen,
rise,
appear,
come
out,
take
place等不及物动词没有被动语态。
主动句中宾语为反身代词的没有被动语态。
Look,
sound,
smell等系动词或sell，write，wash等表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的不及物动词可以用主动形式表被动含义。
例：这些书卖得很好。These
books
sell
well.
使用被动语态时的注意事项
Rewrite
the
sentences
using
the
passive
voice.
4a
1.They
sold
the
fridge
at
a
low
price.
2.Somebody
stole
my
camera
from
my
hotel
room.
3.Where
did
you
take
these
photos?
4.Our
parents
advised
us
not
to
go
out
alone.
5.Different
writers
translated
the
book
into
different
languages.
Where
were
these
photos
taken
?
The
fridge
was
sold
at
a
low
price.
My
camera
was
stolen
from
my
hotel
room.
We
were
advised
not
to
go
out
alone
by
our
parents.
The
book
was
translated
into
different
languages
by
different
writers.
Complete
the
sentences
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
verbs
in
the
box.
4b
eat
lock
like
ring
invite
break
tell
bring
You
_____________
to
the
party
last
night,
weren’t
you?
Why
didn’t
you
go?
2.
The
earthquake
happened
all
of
a
sudden,
but
luckily
the
villagers
_____________
to
a
safe
place.
3.
The
door
___________
when
we
arrived,
so
we
______
the
bell.
4.
The
students
________
not
to
eat
or
drink
in
class.
But
Ruby
_______
the
rule
when
she
started
eating
a
biscuit
in
science
class.
5.
The
cookies
_________
by
the
hungry
kids
in
less
than
20
minutes,
and
they
really
_____
them.
were
invited
were
brought
was
locked
rang
were
told
broke
were
eaten
liked
all
of
a
sudden:
突然；猛地
Decide
whether
active
or
passive
forms
should
be
used
in
these
sentences.
Write
the
correct
forms
in
the
blanks.
4c
The
telephone
_____________(invent)
by
Alexander
Graham
Bell.
He
__________
(born)
in
1847.
Mr.
Bell
________
(work)
on
the
invention
of
the
telephone
with
Thomas
Watson.
In
1875,
Mr.
Bell
_______
(learn)
how
to
send
musical
notes
through
an
instrument
similar
to
a
telephone.
Finally,
the
telephone
____________
(invent)
in
1876.
The
first
sentence
that
________
(say)
on
the
telephone
by
Mr.
Bell
was
“Mr.
Watson,
come
here;
I
want
to
see
you.”
Today
the
telephone
________
(use)
around
the
world.
is
used
was
said
worked
learned
was
invented
was
invented
was
born
Top
10
“inventions”
that
changed
the
world
3.
The
Bar
code
(条形码)
4.
TV
Dinners
(冷冻快餐)
5.
PlayStation
(家庭电视机游戏)
1.
GPS
Technology
2.
The
Sony
Walkman
8.
Electronic
Money
7.
Text
messages
9.
Microwaves
10.
Trainers
6.
Social
Networking
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