Unit
1
Food
Matters测试
（B卷·提升能力）
（时间：100分钟，满分：120分）
第一部分
阅读(共两节,
满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,
满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2021·湖北襄阳·）
The
Fall
2020
Cookbooks
Worth
Your
Time
(and
Money)
Be
My
Guest
From
Priya
Basil,
this
book
is
a
self-reflection
on
how
food
and
the
act
of
serving
it
are
used
to
express
love
and
support.
Basil
reflects
on
some
of
her
earliest
memories
of
food
and
how
it
affected
her
upbringing
and
relationship
with
her
parents.
Now
a
parent
herself,
she
centers
food
in
her
book's
exploration
of
that
change
of
identity.
East
From
Guardian
columnist
Meera
Sodha
comes
a
cookbook
centered
on
vegetables.
The
book
features
recipes
that
cover
a
variety
of
Asian
cuisines.
Sodha
showcases
the
diversity
of
vegetarian
cooking
with
dishes
like
eggplant
larb,
mushroom
bao,
Singapore
noodles
and
so
much
more.
I
Cook
in
Color
A
follow-up
from
her
first
cookbook
My
Two
Souths,
Asha
Gomez
focuses
on
the
rainbow
of
vegetables
to
create
desserts
and
cross-cultural
dishes
that
associate
cooking
traditions
of
her
mother's
Keralite
kitchen
and
Gomez's
travel
experiences.
Time
to
Eat
If
you're
a
fan
of
The
Great
British
Baking
Show
and
Nadiya
Hussain's
Netflix
series,
you'll
be
just
as
excited
for
the
American
release
of
this
book
of
time-saving
tips
for
home
cooks
on
a
budget.
It's
a
book
to
go
to
for
inspiration
that
doesn't
involve
countless
hours
of
sweating
over
a
hot
stove.
1．What
can
we
learn
about
the
author
of
Be
My
Guest?
A．She
had
a
bad
relationship
with
her
parents.
B．She
began
to
cook
food
in
her
early
childhood.
C．She
considers
food
a
means
of
expressing
affection.
D．She
explores
in
the
book
how
to
be
a
grandparent.
2．What
do
the
East
and
I
Cook
in
Color
have
in
common?
A．They
offer
recipes
about
Asian
cuisines.
B．They
center
on
cooking
vegetables.
C．They
are
the
author's
first
cookbooks.
D．They
are
based
on
the
author's
travel
experiences.
3．Which
book
can
you
refer
to
if
you
just
have
limited
time
for
cooking?
A．Be
My
Guest.
B．East.
C．I
Cook
in
Color.
D．Time
to
Eat.
B
（2021·广东广州·高二期末）
Why
bother
cooking?
You
don’t
have
time,
of
course
(or
you
think
you
don’t);
that’s
the
big
reason.
But
you
also
don’t
do
it
as
well
as
the
professionals,
so
just
let
them
handle
it
for
you.
Or
at
least
let
them
give
you
a
head
start
in
the
form
of
meal-assembly
shops(食品组装店)and
canned,
frozen
and
pre-chopped
ingredients.
Michael
Pollan
thinks
you
should
bother.
His
latest
book,
Cooked,
is
a
powerful
argument
for
a
return
to
home
cooking.
Scores
of
food
writers
and
editors,
myself
included,
have
long
mourned
for
the
increase
of
companies
on
the
public’s
diet.
We
have
seen
the
slow
retreat(撤退)from
the
kitchen
as
primary
contributor
to
America’s
obesity
and
other
health
and
environmental
problems.
But
perhaps
only
Pollan
can
so
effectively
pick
up
the
clues
of
so
many
food
movements,
philosophies
and
research
papers
and
turn
them
into
a
persuasive
narrative
with
a
clear
message.
He
writes,
“The
best
way
to
recover
the
reality
of
food,
to
return
it
to
its
proper
place
in
our
lives
is
by
attempting
to
master
the
physical
processes
by
which
it
has
traditionally
been
made.”
Don’t
challenge
him.
Because
of
the
power
of
his
writing,
Cooked
may
prove
to
be
just
as
influential
as
Pollan’s
other
book,
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma,
possibly
the
single
most-quoted
text
by
those
caring
about
how
our
eating
choices
affect
the
planet.
As
in
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma,
Pollan
knows
that
his
reliability
depends
on
a
willingness
to
practice
what
he
urges,
so
in
Cooked
he
takes
just
as
much
of
a
hands-on
approach
as
he
suggests
his
readers
do.
He
divides
the
book
into
four
sections:
in
this
case,
the
classical
elements
of
fire,
water,
air
and
earth.
Each
represents
a
type
of
cooking—barbecue,
braising(炖),
bread
baking
and
fermentation—and,
as
the
book’s
subtitle
promises,
explores
cooking
as
no
less
than
a
transformation
of
nature
into
food
and
drink.
4．Which
of
the
following
is
Pollan’s
advice?
A．Turning
to
professionals
for
help.
B．Learning
the
processes
of
cooking.
C．Carrying
out
many
food
movements.
D．Understanding
philosophies
about
food.
5．What
can
we
infer
according
to
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma?
A．This
book
is
about
the
dilemma
of
home
cooking.
B．The
author
advocates
a
practice-oriented
approach.
C．The
author
aims
to
express
concern
over
the
planet.
D．This
book
shows
the
author’s
reliability
on
willingness.
6．Which
section
is
likely
to
mention
“fermentation”
(in
para.
4)
in
Cooked?
A．air
B．fire
C．earth
D．water
7．Where
does
the
text
most
likely
originate
from?
A．A
book
review.
B．A
recipe
book.
C．A
health
guidebook.
D．A
scientific
journal.
C
（2022·江苏省如东高级中学高二期末）
Butter
coffee,
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
bulletproof
coffee,
is
almost
exactly
what
it
sounds
like.
Take
a
cup
of
black
coffee
and
drop
a
bit
of
butter
into
it.
Though
the
name
doesn't
indicate
this,
you
also
need
to
add
a
little
coconut
oil.
Upon
hearing
about
butter
coffee,
people
generally
all
into
one
of
two
camps.
Either
you
are
disgusted
at
the
notion
and
determine
never
to
try
it
or
you
are
more
laid-back
and
think
"Sure,
why
not?"
If
you
are
still
puzzled
about
why
this
drink
exists,
here's
a
bit
of
backstory.
In
2009,
Dave
Asprey,
a
businessman,
launched
and
trademarked
Bulletproof
coffee.
He
got
the
idea
during
his
travels
in
Tibet,
where
yak
butter
(酥油)
tea
is
common.
He
marketed
and
sold
the
concept
as
a
low-carbon,
high-fat
breakfast
alternative
that
would
help
people
lose
weight
and
be
energized.
Despite
all
of
Asprey's
claims,
there
are
not
many
benefits
to
butter
coffee,
especially
if
anyone
skips
meals
and
replaces
them
with
the
drink.
While
cutting
out
carbohydrates
(碳水化合物)
may
be
good
for
people
with
type2
diabetes,
a
low-carbon
diet
is
usually
only
recommended
for
a
short
period
of
time.
And
though
the
fat
from
the
butter
may
keep
you
feeling
full
for
a
while,
there
are
a
number
of
downsides
to
adding
a
couple
of
tablespoons
to
your
morning
coffee.
Doctors
point
out
that
the
amount
of
fat
in
butter
coffee
is
higher
than
most
recommended
daily
amounts.
Additionally,
a
breakfast
of
butter
and
coffee
does
not
contain
nutrients
that
are
essential
to
a
healthy
diet.
8．What
does
the
author
mean
by
"two
camps"
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．The
campsites
where
Asprey
tried
yak
butter
tea.
B．The
areas
where
one
can
buy
fresh
butter
coffee.
C．The
two
versions
of
butter
coffee
that
are
popular.
D．The
opposing
views
people
have
about
butter
coffee.
9．Asprey
got
the
inspiration
for
Bulletproof
coffee
when
he
was_________.
A．vacationing
in
Tibet
B．suffering
from
diabetes
C．starting
his
business
D．selling
coffee
beans
overseas
10．Which
of
the
following
is
mentioned
as
a
supposed
benefit
of
butter
coffee?
A．It
wil1
help
cure
diabetes.
B．It
serves
as
a
meal
replacement.
C．It
may
make
people
feel
energetic.
D．It
is
good
for
those
who
need
to
put
on
weight.
11．What
do
doctors
think
of
butter
coffee?
A．The
drink
offers
sufficient
nutrients.
B．It
is
recommended
as
part
of
breakfast.
C．The
drink
is
not
fully
healthy
for
people.
D．It
should
be
avoided
because
of
deadly
chemicals.
D
（2021·山东德州·高二期末）
As
you
cut
into
the
steak
at
table,
it
can
ruin
your
appetite
to
think
of
the
fate
of
the
cattle.
This
could
be
a
dilemma
for
those
who
love
animals
but
reject
their
desire
of
the
meat.
However,
guilt-free
sausages
coming
from
animals
that
are
still
alive
could
be
on
the
menu
next
year
under
plans
to
produce
pork
in
tanks.
Technology,
which
was
developed
at
Oxford
University
and
originally
intended
to
grow
human
cells
for
medical
applications,
has
been
adapted
to
reproduce
muscle
and
fat
cells
taken
from
a
pig.
The
process
involves
cutting
two
cubic
centimeters-one
of
fat
and
the
other
of
muscle-from
the
leg
of
an
anaesthetized
（麻醉的）pig
and
placing
cells
from
the
samples
in
separate
tanks
kept
at
37℃
and
supplied
with
nutrients,
minerals
and
vitamins.
The
university
has
agreed
to
introduce
the
technology
to
a
company
called
Ivy
Farm
Technologies,
which
is
seeking
?16
million
to
build
a
research
and
development
facility
in
the
city.
Next
year
it
plans
to
open
a
plant
in
London
where
visitors
will
be
able
to
see
the
technology
and
taste
the
sausages
,
which
would
also
be
on
sale.
It
plans
to
produce
12,000
tons
of
pork
a
year
by
2025,
equal
to
170,000
pigs
on
the
farm.
Ivy
expects
its
sausages
to
cost
about
25
percent
more
than
the
sausages
from
outdoor-farmed
pigs.
It
has
begun
discussions
with
the
Food
Standards
Agency
to
gain
authorisation（核准）for
the
sausages.
It
also
plans
to
develop
beef
burgers
and
meatballs.
Nick
Allen,
chief
executive
of
the
British
Meat
Processors
Association,
said,
“It
could
be
the
future
but
we
need
to
make
sure
it's
not
rushed
to
market
without
understanding
hidden
results.
You
start
with
one
little
culture
of
meat
and
then
grow
it
rapidly
and
you
have
to
be
certain
that
it
is
safe
in
future.”
12．What
are
the
guilt-free
sausages
made
of?
A．A
new
hi-tech
material.
B．Outdoor-farmed
animals.
C．Vegetable
with
a
taste
of
meat.
D．A
kind
of
man-made
meat.
13．How
can
scientists
keep
the
samples
alive
while
growing
cells?
A．Offering
them
a
lot
of
anaesthetics.
B．Putting
them
in
several
different
cans.
C．Extracting
them
from
fatty
samples.
D．Keeping
them
in
the
specific
conditions.
14．What
does
the
involvement
of
Ivy
Farm
Technologies
mean?
A．Traditional
farming
is
quite
out
of
date.
B．The
scientists
fail
to
grow
human
cells.
C．The
new
technology
is
probably
practical.
D．The
government
doesn't
offer
support.
15．What
does
Nick
think
of
the
sale
of
the
guilt-free
sausages?
A．A
little
too
soon.
B．Very
profitable.
C．Unavailable
now.
D．Obviously
illegal.
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,
满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2021·江苏高二期中）
People
have
always
had
to
find
ways
to
keep
food
safe
to
eat.
Methods
to
dry,
smoke
and
salt
food
were
invented
thousands
of
years
ago.
16．
This
storage
method
keeps
food
safe
to
eat
for
long
periods
of
time.
Today,
canning
is
one
of
the
most
popular
methods
of
storing
food.
Clean
fruits
or
vegetables
are
placed
in
glass
bottles.
The
food
can
be
put
into
the
bottles
either
hot
or
cold.
The
cold
method
is
used
for
soft
fruits
and
vegetables
that
could
lose
their
shape
or
taste.
17．
They
take
up
less
space
in
the
bottles.
After
the
food
has
been
placed
in
glass
bottles,
boiling
water
is
poured
into
the
bottles
to
about
three
centimeters
below
the
top.
18．
The
bottles
are
placed
in
a
large
container
filled
with
warm
water
that
is
then
brought
to
a
boil.
The
water
must
completely
cover
the
bottles,
from
three
to
five
centimeters
over
the
top.
When
the
water
boils,
any
air
in
the
bottles
will
be
expelled.
The
boiling
continues
for
several
minutes.
Then
the
bottles
are
allowed
to
cool.
Finally,
they
are
placed
briefly
into
cold
water.
19．
In
other
words,
a
vacuum
（真空）is
created.
When
the
bottles
are
completely
cool,
notes
can
be
placed
on
them
to
identify
what
is
inside.
The
bottles
can
then
be
stored
in
a
cool,
dark
place
at
a
temperature
of
between
4℃
and
21℃.
20．
It
is
also
a
good
way
to
store
food
for
six
months
to
a
year,
or
even
several
years,
in
case
of
an
emergency.
It
does
not
cost
much
to
continue
canning
every
year
once
the
equipment
has
been
purchased.
A．The
process
of
canning
is
much
more
recent.
B．This
makes
a
strong
barrier
to
keep
the
air
out.
C．One
popular
method
of
canning
uses
a
water
bath.
D．Firmer
fruits
and
most
vegetables
are
usually
cooked.
E．Canning
uses
heat
to
kill
bacteria
that
cause
poisons
to
form
in
food.
F．Then
covers
are
placed
on
the
bottles,
but
they
are
not
turned
all
the
way.
G．Canning
allows
your
family
to
enjoy
foods
that
might
not
come
fresh
throughout
the
year.
第二部分
语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2021·全国）I
was
a
fat
kid
and
I
enjoyed
almost
all
kinds
of
delicious
food.
Sundays
were
the
best.
That's
when
we
had
our
big
21
，and
there
were
so
many
people
around
laughing
and
talking.
It
was
easy
to
22
how
much
you
were
eating.
And
if
I
23
a
second
part
of
anything，my
mother's
response
was，“What's
the
matter？You
don't
like
my
24
？”At
that
time，consuming
lots
of
bread，pasta
and
desserts
never
let
me
feel
self-indulgent
(放纵自己的)．I
25
carried
this
high
calorie-diet
into
adulthood.
It
wasn't
until
my
mid?30s
that
I
26
something
had
to
change.
I
had
little
energy，and
because
my
fat
body
didn't
want
to
do
anything，it
seemed
27
was
passing
me
by.
When
a
friend
28
I
start
each
day
with
oatmeal(燕麦片)for
breakfast，I
said，“You've
got
to
be
kidding！”But
this
friend
was
very
enthusiastic
and
told
me
that
it
would
make
me
keep
full
without
being
29
in
calories
or
fat，so
I
took
her
advice.
I'm
not
exaggerating(夸张)when
I
say
oatmeal
has
30
the
quality
of
my
life.
I
used
to
get
hungry
between
breakfast
and
lunch，reaching
for
a
cup
of
coffee
and
its
charming
companion，the
cake.
Now，I
don't
even
31
food
until
lunchtime.
After
a
year
of
eating
oatmeal
for
breakfast，I
32
over
15
pounds.
I
have
more
energy
to
do
things，such
as
taking
a
walk
after
getting
home
from
work
instead
of
33
．
My
friends
and
colleagues
have
noted
the
positive
34
of
oatmeal.
So
if
you
want
to
35
，why
not
eat
oatmeal?
21．A．families
B．dinners
C．houses
D．bodies
22．A．forget
B．remind
C．remember
D．count
23．A．refused
B．asked
C．demanded
D．accepted
24．A．acting
B．dressing
C．teaching
D．cooking
25．A．sadly
B．carefully
C．secretly
D．naturally
26．A．promised
B．required
C．realized
D．argued
27．A．hope
B．life
C．problem
D．reason
28．A．opposed
B．suggested
C．begged
D．failed
29．A．low
B．high
C．deep
D．short
30．A．expected
B．invented
C．remained
D．changed
31．A．throw
about
B．worry
about
C．look
about
D．think
about
32．A．raised
B．covered
C．lost
D．moved
33．A．singing
B．writing
C．sleeping
D．learning
34．A．results
B．designs
C．views
D．directors
35．A．lose
weight
B．give
up
C．take
exercise
D．stay
up
第二节
(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2021·湖南郴州·高二期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
research
shows
that
body
weight
36．
(correspond)
with
the
eating
habits.
People
who
eat
after
6
pm,
37．
(compare)
with
those
having
the
largest
meal
at
breakfast
or
lunch,
have
higher
body
weights.
Besides,
a
higher
blood
sugar
results
38．
meals
consumed
in
the
evening.
So,
what
does
this
mean
to
you?
To
get
a
healthy
weight
39．
(lose),
you
may
consider
rearranging
your
meals
so
more
calories
40．
(consume)
in
the
morning
when
people
have
the
best
insulin
(胰岛素)
function.
This
could
mean
eating
a
larger
breakfast,
a
medium-sized
lunch
41．
no
dinner
at
all.
You
could
also
experiment
with
skipping
one
meal
each
day,
42．
allows
your
cells
to
recharge
and
use
all
the
available
fuel.
Then,
the
insulin
function
remains
at
43．
(it)
highest
point
the
next
morning.
Of
course,
this
approach
isn’t
for
everyone.
People
who
keep
44．
(high)
active
lifestyles
might
not
benefit.
However,
along
with
plant
-
based
eating
patterns
and
daily
exercise,
this
approach
works
very
well
for
those
eager
45．
(reach)
and
keep
a
healthy
body
weight.
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
应用文写作（满分15分)
（2021·河北师范大学附属中学）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在你微信上看到你发的“公筷行动(serving
chopsticks)”的图片，发邮件向你咨询。请你给他回复，内容提要：
1.
“公筷行动”简介；
2.
你的看法。
注意：1.
写作词数应为80左右；
2.
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear
Jim，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
（2021·浙江高二月考）The
hamburger
has
become
a
worldwide
cultural
icon（符号）.
Eating
meat,
especially
beef,
is
a
key
part
of
many
diverse
cultures.
Studies
show,
however,
that
the
consumption
of
large
quantities
of
meat
is
a
major
contributing
factor
towards
a
great
many
deaths,
including
the
unnecessarily
high
number
of
deaths
from
heart-related
problems.
Although
it
has
become
popular
on
slowly,
vegetarianism
is
a
way
of
life
that
shows
several
advantages.
Surprising
as
it
may
sound,
vegetarianism
can
have
beneficial
effects
on
the
environment.
Because
demand
for
meat
animals
is
so
high,
cattle
are
being
raised
in
areas
where
rain
forests
once
stood.
As
rain
forest
land
is
cleared
to
make
room
for
cattle
farms,
the
environment
balance
is
upset;
this
imbalance
could
have
serious
consequences
for
humans.
The
article
Deforestation:
The
hidden
cause
of
global
warming
by
Daniel
Howden
explains
that
much
of
the
current
global
warming
is
due
to
the
decrease
of
rain
forests.
More
important
at
an
individual
level
is
the
question
of
how
eating
meat
affects
a
person's
health.
Meat,
unlike
vegetables,
can
contain
very
large
amounts
of
fat.
Eating
this
fat
has
been
connected
to
certain
kinds
of
cancer.
If
people
cut
down
on
the
amounts
of
meat
they
eat,
they
would
be
more
likely
to
lower
their
risks
of
cancers.
Furthermore,
eating
animal
fats
can
lead
to
obesity,
and
obesity
can
cause
numerous
health
problems.
For
example,
obesity
can
cause
people
to
slow
down
and
their
heart
to
have
to
work
harder.
This
results
in
high
blood
pressure.
With
so
much
meat
consumption
worldwide,
it
is
no
wonder
that
heart
disease
is
a
leading
killer.
If
people
followed
vegetarian
diets,
they
would
not
only
be
healthier
but
also
live
longer.
Eating
certain
kinds
of
vegetables
has
been
shown
to
reduce
the
chance
of
contracting
colon
cancer
later
in
life.
Vegetables
do
not
contain
the
“bad”
fats
that
meat
does.
Vegetables
do
not
contain
cholesterol（胆固醇）,
either.
Furthermore,
native
inhabitants
of
areas
of
the
world
where
people
eat
more
vegetables
than
meat,
notably
certain
areas
of
Central
Asia,
routinely
live
to
be
over
one
hundred.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit
1
Food
Matters测试
（B卷·提升能力）
（时间：100分钟，满分：120分）
第一部分
阅读(共两节,
满分50分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,
满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2021·湖北襄阳·）
The
Fall
2020
Cookbooks
Worth
Your
Time
(and
Money)
Be
My
Guest
From
Priya
Basil,
this
book
is
a
self-reflection
on
how
food
and
the
act
of
serving
it
are
used
to
express
love
and
support.
Basil
reflects
on
some
of
her
earliest
memories
of
food
and
how
it
affected
her
upbringing
and
relationship
with
her
parents.
Now
a
parent
herself,
she
centers
food
in
her
book's
exploration
of
that
change
of
identity.
East
From
Guardian
columnist
Meera
Sodha
comes
a
cookbook
centered
on
vegetables.
The
book
features
recipes
that
cover
a
variety
of
Asian
cuisines.
Sodha
showcases
the
diversity
of
vegetarian
cooking
with
dishes
like
eggplant
larb,
mushroom
bao,
Singapore
noodles
and
so
much
more.
I
Cook
in
Color
A
follow-up
from
her
first
cookbook
My
Two
Souths,
Asha
Gomez
focuses
on
the
rainbow
of
vegetables
to
create
desserts
and
cross-cultural
dishes
that
associate
cooking
traditions
of
her
mother's
Keralite
kitchen
and
Gomez's
travel
experiences.
Time
to
Eat
If
you're
a
fan
of
The
Great
British
Baking
Show
and
Nadiya
Hussain's
Netflix
series,
you'll
be
just
as
excited
for
the
American
release
of
this
book
of
time-saving
tips
for
home
cooks
on
a
budget.
It's
a
book
to
go
to
for
inspiration
that
doesn't
involve
countless
hours
of
sweating
over
a
hot
stove.
1．What
can
we
learn
about
the
author
of
Be
My
Guest?
A．She
had
a
bad
relationship
with
her
parents.
B．She
began
to
cook
food
in
her
early
childhood.
C．She
considers
food
a
means
of
expressing
affection.
D．She
explores
in
the
book
how
to
be
a
grandparent.
2．What
do
the
East
and
I
Cook
in
Color
have
in
common?
A．They
offer
recipes
about
Asian
cuisines.
B．They
center
on
cooking
vegetables.
C．They
are
the
author's
first
cookbooks.
D．They
are
based
on
the
author's
travel
experiences.
3．Which
book
can
you
refer
to
if
you
just
have
limited
time
for
cooking?
A．Be
My
Guest.
B．East.
C．I
Cook
in
Color.
D．Time
to
Eat.
【答案】CBD
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个值得你花时间或金钱的2020秋季食谱。
1．细节理解题。根据Be
My
Guest部分中的“From
Priya
Basil,
this
book
is
a
self-reflection
on
how
food
and
the
act
of
serving
it
are
used
to
express
love
and
support.(这本书由Priya
Basil撰写，是一本关于如何用食物和上菜的行为来表达爱和支持的自我反思)”可知，Be
My
Guest的作者认为食物可用来表达爱。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据East部分中的“From
Guardian
columnist
Meera
Sodha
comes
a
cookbook
centered
on
vegetables.(《卫报》专栏作家米拉·索达出版了一本以蔬菜为中心的食谱)和I
Cook
in
Color部分中的“A
follow-up
from
her
first
cookbook
My
Two
Souths,
Asha
Gomez
focuses
on
the
rainbow
of
vegetables
to
create
desserts
and
cross-cultural
dishes
that
associate
cooking
traditions
of
her
mother's
Keralite
kitchen
and
Gomez's
travel
experiences.(继她的第一本烹饪书《我的两个南方》之后，Asha
Gomez专注于用彩虹般的蔬菜创造甜点和跨文化菜肴，将她母亲的Keralite厨房烹饪传统和Gomez的旅行经历联系起来)”可知，East和I
Cook
in
Color均是以蔬菜为中心的食谱。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据Time
to
Eat部分中的“you'll
be
just
as
excited
for
the
American
release
of
this
book
of
time-saving
tips
for
home
cooks
on
a
budget.
It’s
a
book
to
go
to
for
inspiration
that
doesn't
involve
countless
hours
of
sweating
over
a
hot
stove.(你会同样兴奋地看到这本为家庭烹饪节省时间的小窍门的书在美国的发行。这是一本可以找到灵感的书，它不需要你在火炉边无数个小时的出汗)”可知，Time
to
Eat提供了省时的家庭烹饪技巧，适合做饭时间有限的人参考。故选D。
B
（2021·广东广州·高二期末）
Why
bother
cooking?
You
don’t
have
time,
of
course
(or
you
think
you
don’t);
that’s
the
big
reason.
But
you
also
don’t
do
it
as
well
as
the
professionals,
so
just
let
them
handle
it
for
you.
Or
at
least
let
them
give
you
a
head
start
in
the
form
of
meal-assembly
shops(食品组装店)and
canned,
frozen
and
pre-chopped
ingredients.
Michael
Pollan
thinks
you
should
bother.
His
latest
book,
Cooked,
is
a
powerful
argument
for
a
return
to
home
cooking.
Scores
of
food
writers
and
editors,
myself
included,
have
long
mourned
for
the
increase
of
companies
on
the
public’s
diet.
We
have
seen
the
slow
retreat(撤退)from
the
kitchen
as
primary
contributor
to
America’s
obesity
and
other
health
and
environmental
problems.
But
perhaps
only
Pollan
can
so
effectively
pick
up
the
clues
of
so
many
food
movements,
philosophies
and
research
papers
and
turn
them
into
a
persuasive
narrative
with
a
clear
message.
He
writes,
“The
best
way
to
recover
the
reality
of
food,
to
return
it
to
its
proper
place
in
our
lives
is
by
attempting
to
master
the
physical
processes
by
which
it
has
traditionally
been
made.”
Don’t
challenge
him.
Because
of
the
power
of
his
writing,
Cooked
may
prove
to
be
just
as
influential
as
Pollan’s
other
book,
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma,
possibly
the
single
most-quoted
text
by
those
caring
about
how
our
eating
choices
affect
the
planet.
As
in
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma,
Pollan
knows
that
his
reliability
depends
on
a
willingness
to
practice
what
he
urges,
so
in
Cooked
he
takes
just
as
much
of
a
hands-on
approach
as
he
suggests
his
readers
do.
He
divides
the
book
into
four
sections:
in
this
case,
the
classical
elements
of
fire,
water,
air
and
earth.
Each
represents
a
type
of
cooking—barbecue,
braising(炖),
bread
baking
and
fermentation—and,
as
the
book’s
subtitle
promises,
explores
cooking
as
no
less
than
a
transformation
of
nature
into
food
and
drink.
4．Which
of
the
following
is
Pollan’s
advice?
A．Turning
to
professionals
for
help.
B．Learning
the
processes
of
cooking.
C．Carrying
out
many
food
movements.
D．Understanding
philosophies
about
food.
5．What
can
we
infer
according
to
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma?
A．This
book
is
about
the
dilemma
of
home
cooking.
B．The
author
advocates
a
practice-oriented
approach.
C．The
author
aims
to
express
concern
over
the
planet.
D．This
book
shows
the
author’s
reliability
on
willingness.
6．Which
section
is
likely
to
mention
“fermentation”
(in
para.
4)
in
Cooked?
A．air
B．fire
C．earth
D．water
7．Where
does
the
text
most
likely
originate
from?
A．A
book
review.
B．A
recipe
book.
C．A
health
guidebook.
D．A
scientific
journal.
【答案】BBCA
【分析】这是一篇书评。文章介绍了一本烹饪类书籍--Cooked。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Michael
Pollan
thinks
you
should
bother.
His
latest
book,
Cooked,
is
a
powerful
argument
for
a
return
to
home
cooking.”（Michael
Pollan认为你应该费心。他的新书《烹饪》是回归家庭烹饪的有力论据）和第二段中
“He
writes,
“The
best
way
to
recover
the
reality
of
food,
to
return
it
to
its
proper
place
in
our
lives
is
by
attempting
to
master
the
physical
processes
by
which
it
has
traditionally
been
made.””（他写道，
“让食物回归现实，让它回到我们生活中合适的位置，最好的方法是尝试掌握食物传统制作的物理过程。”）可知，Pollan建议大家学习烹饪，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As
in
The
Omnivore’s
Dilemma,
Pollan
knows
that
his
reliability
depends
on
a
willingness
to
practice
what
he
urges,
so
in
Cooked
he
takes
just
as
much
of
a
hands-on
approach
as
he
suggests
his
readers
do.”（在《杂食者的困境》中，波伦知道他的可靠性取决于他是否愿意去实践他所敦促的事情，所以在《烹饪》一书中，他就像他建议读者那样，采取了亲身实践的方法）可知，作者提倡以实践为导向的方法，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“He
divides
the
book
into
four
sections:
in
this
case,
the
classical
elements
of
fire,
water,
air
and
earth.
Each
represents
a
type
of
cooking—barbecue,
braising(炖),
bread
baking
and
fermentation—and,
as
the
book’s
subtitle
promises,
explores
cooking
as
no
less
than
a
transformation
of
nature
into
food
and
drink.”（他把这本书分为四个部分:在这里，火，水，气和土的经典元素。每个代表一种烹饪方式：烤、炖、烘焙和发酵，这本书的副标题承诺，探索烹饪不少于自然的转换成食品和饮料）可知，fermentation对应的是“earth”部分，故选C。
7．推理判断题。通读文章，根据第一段中“Michael
Pollan
thinks
you
should
bother.
His
latest
book,
Cooked,
is
a
powerful
argument
for
a
return
to
home
cooking.”（Michael
Pollan认为你应该费心。他的新书《烹饪》是回归家庭烹饪的有力论据）结合下文对这本书上主要内容的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了一本新书-Cooked，故而可以判断该篇最有可能源于一篇书评，故选A。
C
（2022·江苏省如东高级中学高二期末）
Butter
coffee,
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
bulletproof
coffee,
is
almost
exactly
what
it
sounds
like.
Take
a
cup
of
black
coffee
and
drop
a
bit
of
butter
into
it.
Though
the
name
doesn't
indicate
this,
you
also
need
to
add
a
little
coconut
oil.
Upon
hearing
about
butter
coffee,
people
generally
all
into
one
of
two
camps.
Either
you
are
disgusted
at
the
notion
and
determine
never
to
try
it
or
you
are
more
laid-back
and
think
"Sure,
why
not?"
If
you
are
still
puzzled
about
why
this
drink
exists,
here's
a
bit
of
backstory.
In
2009,
Dave
Asprey,
a
businessman,
launched
and
trademarked
Bulletproof
coffee.
He
got
the
idea
during
his
travels
in
Tibet,
where
yak
butter
(酥油)
tea
is
common.
He
marketed
and
sold
the
concept
as
a
low-carbon,
high-fat
breakfast
alternative
that
would
help
people
lose
weight
and
be
energized.
Despite
all
of
Asprey's
claims,
there
are
not
many
benefits
to
butter
coffee,
especially
if
anyone
skips
meals
and
replaces
them
with
the
drink.
While
cutting
out
carbohydrates
(碳水化合物)
may
be
good
for
people
with
type2
diabetes,
a
low-carbon
diet
is
usually
only
recommended
for
a
short
period
of
time.
And
though
the
fat
from
the
butter
may
keep
you
feeling
full
for
a
while,
there
are
a
number
of
downsides
to
adding
a
couple
of
tablespoons
to
your
morning
coffee.
Doctors
point
out
that
the
amount
of
fat
in
butter
coffee
is
higher
than
most
recommended
daily
amounts.
Additionally,
a
breakfast
of
butter
and
coffee
does
not
contain
nutrients
that
are
essential
to
a
healthy
diet.
8．What
does
the
author
mean
by
"two
camps"
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．The
campsites
where
Asprey
tried
yak
butter
tea.
B．The
areas
where
one
can
buy
fresh
butter
coffee.
C．The
two
versions
of
butter
coffee
that
are
popular.
D．The
opposing
views
people
have
about
butter
coffee.
9．Asprey
got
the
inspiration
for
Bulletproof
coffee
when
he
was_________.
A．vacationing
in
Tibet
B．suffering
from
diabetes
C．starting
his
business
D．selling
coffee
beans
overseas
10．Which
of
the
following
is
mentioned
as
a
supposed
benefit
of
butter
coffee?
A．It
wil1
help
cure
diabetes.
B．It
serves
as
a
meal
replacement.
C．It
may
make
people
feel
energetic.
D．It
is
good
for
those
who
need
to
put
on
weight.
11．What
do
doctors
think
of
butter
coffee?
A．The
drink
offers
sufficient
nutrients.
B．It
is
recommended
as
part
of
breakfast.
C．The
drink
is
not
fully
healthy
for
people.
D．It
should
be
avoided
because
of
deadly
chemicals.
【答案】DACC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。黄油咖啡，有时也被称为防弹咖啡。文章介绍了黄油咖啡的由来及人们对它的不同看法。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Upon
hearing
about
butter
coffee,
people
generally
all
into
one
of
two
camps.Either
you
are
disgusted
at
the
notion
and
determine
never
to
try
it
or
you
are
more
laid-back
and
think
"Sure,
why
not?"
(一听说黄油咖啡，人们通常会分成两个阵营。要么你讨厌这个想法，决定永远不去尝试，要么你更悠闲，想“当然，为什么不呢？”)”可知，在第一段中提到的“两个阵营”是指人们对黄油咖啡的相反观点。故选D。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In
2009,
Dave
Asprey,
a
businessman,
launched
and
trademarked
Bulletproof
coffee.
He
got
the
idea
during
his
travels
in
Tibet,
where
yak
butter
(酥油)
tea
is
common.
(2009年，商人Dave
Asprey推出了防弹咖啡，并注册了商标。他在西藏旅行时产生了这个想法，那里牦牛酥油茶很常见)”可知，Asprey在去西藏度假时获得了防弹咖啡的灵感。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He
marketed
and
sold
the
concept
as
a
low-carbon,
high-fat
breakfast
alternative
that
would
help
people
lose
weight
and
be
energized.
(他把这种低碳、高脂肪的早餐作为一种可以帮助人们减肥和获得能量的替代品来推销)”可知，黄油咖啡的好处之一是它可以使人感到精力充沛。故选C。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Doctors
point
out
that
the
amount
of
fat
in
butter
coffee
is
higher
than
most
recommended
daily
amounts.
Additionally,
a
breakfast
of
butter
and
coffee
does
not
contain
nutrients
that
are
essential
to
a
healthy
diet.
(医生指出，黄油咖啡中的脂肪含量高于大多数推荐的每日摄入量。此外，一份黄油和咖啡的早餐并不包含健康饮食所必需的营养物质)”可知，医生们认为黄油咖啡对人们并不完全健康。故选C。
D
（2021·山东德州·高二期末）
As
you
cut
into
the
steak
at
table,
it
can
ruin
your
appetite
to
think
of
the
fate
of
the
cattle.
This
could
be
a
dilemma
for
those
who
love
animals
but
reject
their
desire
of
the
meat.
However,
guilt-free
sausages
coming
from
animals
that
are
still
alive
could
be
on
the
menu
next
year
under
plans
to
produce
pork
in
tanks.
Technology,
which
was
developed
at
Oxford
University
and
originally
intended
to
grow
human
cells
for
medical
applications,
has
been
adapted
to
reproduce
muscle
and
fat
cells
taken
from
a
pig.
The
process
involves
cutting
two
cubic
centimeters-one
of
fat
and
the
other
of
muscle-from
the
leg
of
an
anaesthetized
（麻醉的）pig
and
placing
cells
from
the
samples
in
separate
tanks
kept
at
37℃
and
supplied
with
nutrients,
minerals
and
vitamins.
The
university
has
agreed
to
introduce
the
technology
to
a
company
called
Ivy
Farm
Technologies,
which
is
seeking
?16
million
to
build
a
research
and
development
facility
in
the
city.
Next
year
it
plans
to
open
a
plant
in
London
where
visitors
will
be
able
to
see
the
technology
and
taste
the
sausages
,
which
would
also
be
on
sale.
It
plans
to
produce
12,000
tons
of
pork
a
year
by
2025,
equal
to
170,000
pigs
on
the
farm.
Ivy
expects
its
sausages
to
cost
about
25
percent
more
than
the
sausages
from
outdoor-farmed
pigs.
It
has
begun
discussions
with
the
Food
Standards
Agency
to
gain
authorisation（核准）for
the
sausages.
It
also
plans
to
develop
beef
burgers
and
meatballs.
Nick
Allen,
chief
executive
of
the
British
Meat
Processors
Association,
said,
“It
could
be
the
future
but
we
need
to
make
sure
it's
not
rushed
to
market
without
understanding
hidden
results.
You
start
with
one
little
culture
of
meat
and
then
grow
it
rapidly
and
you
have
to
be
certain
that
it
is
safe
in
future.”
12．What
are
the
guilt-free
sausages
made
of?
A．A
new
hi-tech
material.
B．Outdoor-farmed
animals.
C．Vegetable
with
a
taste
of
meat.
D．A
kind
of
man-made
meat.
13．How
can
scientists
keep
the
samples
alive
while
growing
cells?
A．Offering
them
a
lot
of
anaesthetics.
B．Putting
them
in
several
different
cans.
C．Extracting
them
from
fatty
samples.
D．Keeping
them
in
the
specific
conditions.
14．What
does
the
involvement
of
Ivy
Farm
Technologies
mean?
A．Traditional
farming
is
quite
out
of
date.
B．The
scientists
fail
to
grow
human
cells.
C．The
new
technology
is
probably
practical.
D．The
government
doesn't
offer
support.
15．What
does
Nick
think
of
the
sale
of
the
guilt-free
sausages?
A．A
little
too
soon.
B．Very
profitable.
C．Unavailable
now.
D．Obviously
illegal.
【答案】DDCA
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了根据罐中猪肉的生产计划，明年的菜单上可能会出现来自仍然活着的动物的无内疚香肠。这种无罪恶感的香肠是用一种人造肉做成的。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“However,
guilt-free
sausages
coming
from
animals
that
are
still
alive
could
be
on
the
menu
next
year
under
plans
to
produce
pork
in
tanks.
Technology,
which
was
developed
at
Oxford
University
and
originally
intended
to
grow
human
cells
for
medical
applications,
has
been
adapted
to
reproduce
muscle
and
fat
cells
taken
from
a
pig.”（然而，根据罐中猪肉的生产计划，明年的菜单上可能会出现来自仍然活着的动物的无内疚香肠。牛津大学开发的技术最初是为了培养用于医疗的人类细胞，如今已被用于复制取自猪的肌肉和脂肪细胞）可知，无内疚香肠是用一种人造肉做成的。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The
process
involves
cutting
two
cubic
centimeters-one
of
fat
and
the
other
of
muscle-from
the
leg
of
an
anaesthetized
（麻醉的）pig
and
placing
cells
from
the
samples
in
separate
tanks
kept
at
37℃
and
supplied
with
nutrients,
minerals
and
vitamins.”（这个过程包括从一只被麻醉的猪的腿上切下两立方厘米，一是脂肪，一是肌肉，然后将样本中的细胞放在不同的容器中，这些容器保持在37℃，并提供营养、矿物质和维生素）可知，科学家通过把细胞放在特定的条件下，在培养细胞的同时保持样本的活力。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“The
university
has
agreed
to
introduce
the
technology
to
a
company
called
Ivy
Farm
Technologies,
which
is
seeking
?16
million
to
build
a
research
and
development
facility
in
the
city.
Next
year
it
plans
to
open
a
plant
in
London
where
visitors
will
be
able
to
see
the
technology
and
taste
the
sausages
,
which
would
also
be
on
sale.”（牛津大学已经同意将这项技术介绍给常春藤农场技术公司，该公司正在寻求1600万英镑在该市建立一个研发机构。
明年，该公司计划在伦敦开设一家工厂，参观者可以在那里看到这项技术并品尝到这种香肠，这种香肠也将上市销售）可推知，常春藤农场技术公司的参与意味着这项新技术可能是实用的。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nick
Allen,
chief
executive
of
the
British
Meat
Processors
Association,
said,
“It
could
be
the
future
but
we
need
to
make
sure
it's
not
rushed
to
market
without
understanding
hidden
results.
You
start
with
one
little
culture
of
meat
and
then
grow
it
rapidly
and
you
have
to
be
certain
that
it
is
safe
in
future.””（英国肉类加工协会首席执行官尼克·艾伦说：“这可能是未来的趋势，但我们需要确保它不会在不了解潜在结果的情况下仓促上市。你从一个小的肉培养开始，然后迅速生长，你必须确保它将来是安全的）可推知，尼克认为这种无负罪感香肠的销售有点太早了。故选A。
第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,
满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,
从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2021·江苏高二期中）
People
have
always
had
to
find
ways
to
keep
food
safe
to
eat.
Methods
to
dry,
smoke
and
salt
food
were
invented
thousands
of
years
ago.
16．
This
storage
method
keeps
food
safe
to
eat
for
long
periods
of
time.
Today,
canning
is
one
of
the
most
popular
methods
of
storing
food.
Clean
fruits
or
vegetables
are
placed
in
glass
bottles.
The
food
can
be
put
into
the
bottles
either
hot
or
cold.
The
cold
method
is
used
for
soft
fruits
and
vegetables
that
could
lose
their
shape
or
taste.
17．
They
take
up
less
space
in
the
bottles.
After
the
food
has
been
placed
in
glass
bottles,
boiling
water
is
poured
into
the
bottles
to
about
three
centimeters
below
the
top.
18．
The
bottles
are
placed
in
a
large
container
filled
with
warm
water
that
is
then
brought
to
a
boil.
The
water
must
completely
cover
the
bottles,
from
three
to
five
centimeters
over
the
top.
When
the
water
boils,
any
air
in
the
bottles
will
be
expelled.
The
boiling
continues
for
several
minutes.
Then
the
bottles
are
allowed
to
cool.
Finally,
they
are
placed
briefly
into
cold
water.
19．
In
other
words,
a
vacuum
（真空）is
created.
When
the
bottles
are
completely
cool,
notes
can
be
placed
on
them
to
identify
what
is
inside.
The
bottles
can
then
be
stored
in
a
cool,
dark
place
at
a
temperature
of
between
4℃
and
21℃.
20．
It
is
also
a
good
way
to
store
food
for
six
months
to
a
year,
or
even
several
years,
in
case
of
an
emergency.
It
does
not
cost
much
to
continue
canning
every
year
once
the
equipment
has
been
purchased.
A．The
process
of
canning
is
much
more
recent.
B．This
makes
a
strong
barrier
to
keep
the
air
out.
C．One
popular
method
of
canning
uses
a
water
bath.
D．Firmer
fruits
and
most
vegetables
are
usually
cooked.
E．Canning
uses
heat
to
kill
bacteria
that
cause
poisons
to
form
in
food.
F．Then
covers
are
placed
on
the
bottles,
but
they
are
not
turned
all
the
way.
G．Canning
allows
your
family
to
enjoy
foods
that
might
not
come
fresh
throughout
the
year.
【答案】ADFBG
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，讲述了如何制作罐头来延长食品的保质期。
16．空格前一句Methods
to
dry,
smoke
and
salt
food
were
invented
thousands
of
years
ago.(干燥、烟熏和加盐的方法是几千年前发明的保存食物的方法)讲到了传统保存食物的方法。空格后Today,
canning
is
one
of
the
most
popular
methods
of
storing
food.(今天，罐头是最流行的储存食物的方法之一)讲到了现代的事物保存方法。由此我们可以推断出，横线处应该是讲从传统的方法到现在的保存法。那么A项The
process
of
canning
is
much
more
recent.
(装罐的过程是最近才开始的)很好地起到了过渡的作用。故此题选A
17．本段讲到了食物储存会放入两种罐子中。空格前一处讲到The
cold
method
is
used
for
soft
fruits
and
vegetables
that
could
lose
their
shape
or
taste.
(冷法是用来处理软的水果和蔬菜，它们可能会失去形状或味道)那么空格后应该将用热法来储存质地较硬的事物。那么D项Firmer
fruits
and
most
vegetables
are
usually
cooked.(较硬的水果和大多数蔬菜通常是煮熟的)满足这一意义。故此题选D。
18．前文说到After
the
food
has
been
placed
in
glass
bottles,
boiling
water
is
poured
into
the
bottles
to
about
three
centimeters
below
the
top.(把食物放进玻璃瓶后，把开水倒进瓶子里，大约在瓶口以下三厘米处)可知这一句话是在讲如何制作罐头。空格后讲到这些瓶子被放在一个装满温水的大容器里。所以我们推断出横线处还是在讲装食物的瓶子的具体情况。所以F项Then
covers
are
placed
on
the
bottles,
but
they
are
not
turned
all
the
way.
(然后在瓶子上盖上盖子，但它们不会一直转动)具体讲瓶子里装好水后的下一步，就是盖上盖子，满足此处过渡。故此题选F。
19．通过下一句In
other
words,
a
vacuum
is
created.(换句话说真空就形成了)我们可以得知，上一句是在讲如何创造真空。那么B项This
makes
a
strong
barrier
to
keep
the
air
out.(这就形成了一个强大的屏障来阻止空气)满足制造真空的条件。故此题选B。
20．横线下一句It
is
also
a
good
way
to
store
food
for
six
months
to
a
year,
or
even
several
years,
in
case
of
an
emergency.(这也是一个很好的方法，以储存粮食半年至一年，甚至数年，以防紧急情况)可知，横线前一句应该是在讲罐头事物的保存时间，那么G项Canning
allows
your
family
to
enjoy
foods
that
might
not
come
fresh
throughout
the
year.(罐头可以让你的家人享受可能一年都不新鲜的食物)就是在讲罐头食物的保质期。故此题选G.
第二部分
语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2021·全国）I
was
a
fat
kid
and
I
enjoyed
almost
all
kinds
of
delicious
food.
Sundays
were
the
best.
That's
when
we
had
our
big
21
，and
there
were
so
many
people
around
laughing
and
talking.
It
was
easy
to
22
how
much
you
were
eating.
And
if
I
23
a
second
part
of
anything，my
mother's
response
was，“What's
the
matter？You
don't
like
my
24
？”At
that
time，consuming
lots
of
bread，pasta
and
desserts
never
let
me
feel
self-indulgent
(放纵自己的)．I
25
carried
this
high
calorie-diet
into
adulthood.
It
wasn't
until
my
mid?30s
that
I
26
something
had
to
change.
I
had
little
energy，and
because
my
fat
body
didn't
want
to
do
anything，it
seemed
27
was
passing
me
by.
When
a
friend
28
I
start
each
day
with
oatmeal(燕麦片)for
breakfast，I
said，“You've
got
to
be
kidding！”But
this
friend
was
very
enthusiastic
and
told
me
that
it
would
make
me
keep
full
without
being
29
in
calories
or
fat，so
I
took
her
advice.
I'm
not
exaggerating(夸张)when
I
say
oatmeal
has
30
the
quality
of
my
life.
I
used
to
get
hungry
between
breakfast
and
lunch，reaching
for
a
cup
of
coffee
and
its
charming
companion，the
cake.
Now，I
don't
even
31
food
until
lunchtime.
After
a
year
of
eating
oatmeal
for
breakfast，I
32
over
15
pounds.
I
have
more
energy
to
do
things，such
as
taking
a
walk
after
getting
home
from
work
instead
of
33
．
My
friends
and
colleagues
have
noted
the
positive
34
of
oatmeal.
So
if
you
want
to
35
，why
not
eat
oatmeal?
21．A．families
B．dinners
C．houses
D．bodies
22．A．forget
B．remind
C．remember
D．count
23．A．refused
B．asked
C．demanded
D．accepted
24．A．acting
B．dressing
C．teaching
D．cooking
25．A．sadly
B．carefully
C．secretly
D．naturally
26．A．promised
B．required
C．realized
D．argued
27．A．hope
B．life
C．problem
D．reason
28．A．opposed
B．suggested
C．begged
D．failed
29．A．low
B．high
C．deep
D．short
30．A．expected
B．invented
C．remained
D．changed
31．A．throw
about
B．worry
about
C．look
about
D．think
about
32．A．raised
B．covered
C．lost
D．moved
33．A．singing
B．writing
C．sleeping
D．learning
34．A．results
B．designs
C．views
D．directors
35．A．lose
weight
B．give
up
C．take
exercise
D．stay
up
【答案】BAADD
CBBBD
DCCAA
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了在朋友的建议下，自己通过坚持每天早餐只吃燕麦而成功减肥的个人经历。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：星期天是最好的。那是我们吃大餐的时候，周围有那么多人在谈笑风生。A.
families家庭；B.
dinners正餐；C.
houses房子；D.
bodies身体。根据前文“I
enjoyed
almost
all
kinds
of
delicious
food”以及后文“It
was
easy
to
___22___how
much
you
were
eating.”可知，此处与吃有关，是指吃“大餐”的时候。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很容易忘记你吃了多少。A.
forget忘记；B.
remind提醒；C.
remember记住；D.
count数。根据前文“there
were
so
many
people
around
laughing
and
talking”可知，谈笑之间容易“忘记”吃了多少。故选A项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我拒绝再吃一些，我母亲的回答是，“怎么了？你不喜欢我做的饭?”A.
refused拒绝；B.
asked问，请求；C.
demanded要求；D.
accepted接受。根据文意可知，作者正在谈论吃饭。结合后文母亲的问话“What's
the
matter？You
don't
like
my
___24___？”可知，此处指如果作者拒绝再吃一些，妈妈会不高兴。故选A项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我拒绝再吃一些，我母亲的回答是，“怎么了？你不喜欢我做的饭?”A.
acting行动，表现；B.
dressing穿；C.
teaching教学；D.
cooking烹饪，做饭。根据前文“It
was
easy
to
___22___how
much
you
were
eating.”可知，此处和“吃”有关，结合母亲的第一个问句“What's
the
matter？”可知，此处妈妈说的是“你难道不喜欢吃我做的饭？”故选D项。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自然而然地把这种高热量的饮食带到了成年期。A.
sadly伤心地；B.
carefully认真地；C.
secretly秘密地；D.
naturally自然地。根据前文“At
that
time，consuming
lots
of
bread，pasta
and
desserts
never
let
me
feel
self-indulgent(放纵自己的)”可知，作者从未意识到吃高热量的食物是在放纵自己，所以“自然地”吃着这些长大了。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我30多岁的时候，我才意识到有些事情需要改变。A.
promised承诺；B.
required要求；C.
realized意识到；D.
argued争论。根据后文“I
had
little
energy，and
because
my
fat
body
didn't
want
to
do
anything，it
seemed___27___was
passing
me
by.”可知，作者的身体状况让作者意识到必须做出改变。故选C项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有多少精力，而且因为我肥胖的身体不想做任何事，生活似乎在与我擦肩而过。A.
hope希望；B.
life生活；C.
problem问题；D.
reason理由。根据句意可知，因为作者胖得没有精力做事，所以感觉好像自己未受到生活的眷顾。后文“I'm
not
exaggerating(夸张)when
I
say
oatmeal
has___30___the
quality
of
my
life.”作者生活的变化，也是提示。故选B项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个朋友建议我每天早餐吃燕麦片时，我说:
“你一定是在开玩笑!”A.
opposed反对；B.
suggested建议；C.
begged祈求；D.
failed失败。根据后文（该段最后）“so
I
took
her
advice”可知，朋友应该是建议作者每天早餐吃燕麦片。故选B项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是这个朋友非常热心，告诉我吃这个可以让我保持饱腹感，同时又不会有高热量和脂肪，所以我接受了她的建议。A.
low低的；B.
high高的；C.
deep深的；D.
short短的。根据上文（第一段结尾）“I
___25___carried
this
high-calorie
diet
into
adulthood.”可知，此处指要减肥应该是吃热量不“高”但能充饥的食物。故选B项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说燕麦片改变了我的生活质量，这并不夸张。A.
expected预料，期望；B.
invented发明；C.
remained保持；D.
changed变化。根据下文“I
used
to
get
hungry
between
breakfast
and
lunch，reaching
for
a
cup
of
coffee
and
its
charming
companion，the
cake.
Now，I
don't
even___31___food
until
lunchtime.”的内容可知，燕麦片“改变”了作者的生活质量。此处与前文“It
wasn't
until
my
mid?30s
that
I
___26___something
had
to
change.”中的change相呼应。故选D项。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我甚至在午餐前都不会想到食物。A.
throw
about到处扔；B.
worry
about担心；C.
look
about四下环顾；D.
think
about考虑，想到。根据前文第三段中“it
would
make
me
keep
full
without
being
___29___in
calories
or
fat”可知，作者早餐吃了燕麦片之后，有饱腹感，所以在午餐之前都不会“想到”食物。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一年的早餐吃燕麦片后，我瘦了15磅多。
A.
raised举起；B.
covered覆盖；C.
lost丢失，使损失；D.
moved移动。此处指作者减了15磅。根据后文“I
have
more
energy
to
do
things，such
as
taking
a
walk
after
getting
home
from
work
instead
of___33___．”可知，作者减肥成功，所以此处指，减掉15磅多。故选C项。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有更多的精力去做事情，比如下班回家后散步，而不是睡觉。A.
singing唱；B.
writing写；C.
sleeping睡；D.
learning学习。根据前文“I
have
more
energy
to
do
things”可知，作者减肥后有精力做事了，下班回家后会去散步，而不是去睡觉。故选C项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友和同事已经注意到了燕麦片的积极作用。A.
results结果，成果；B.
designs设计；C.
views观点，视野；D.
directors导演。根据上一段“After
a
year
of
eating
oatmeal
for
breakfast，I___32___over
15
pounds.
I
have
more
energy
to
do
things，such
as
taking
a
walk
after
getting
home
from
work
instead
of___33___．”可知，作者早餐吃了一年燕麦片后，发生了很大变化，所以此处指朋友和同事都注意到了燕麦片的积极效果。故选A项。
35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：那么，如果你想减肥，为什么不吃燕麦片呢？A.
lose
weight减肥；B.
give
up放弃；C.
take
exercise进行锻炼；D.
stay
up熬夜。根据文意以及上文中“After
a
year
of
eating
oatmeal
for
breakfast，I___32___over
15
pounds.
I
have
more
energy
to
do
things，such
as
taking
a
walk
after
getting
home
from
work
instead
of___33___．”可知，燕麦片帮作者成功减肥。所以，此处指如果你想“减肥”的话，就吃燕麦片吧。故选A项。
第二节
(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2021·湖南郴州·高二期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
research
shows
that
body
weight
36．
(correspond)
with
the
eating
habits.
People
who
eat
after
6
pm,
37．
(compare)
with
those
having
the
largest
meal
at
breakfast
or
lunch,
have
higher
body
weights.
Besides,
a
higher
blood
sugar
results
38．
meals
consumed
in
the
evening.
So,
what
does
this
mean
to
you?
To
get
a
healthy
weight
39．
(lose),
you
may
consider
rearranging
your
meals
so
more
calories
40．
(consume)
in
the
morning
when
people
have
the
best
insulin
(胰岛素)
function.
This
could
mean
eating
a
larger
breakfast,
a
medium-sized
lunch
41．
no
dinner
at
all.
You
could
also
experiment
with
skipping
one
meal
each
day,
42．
allows
your
cells
to
recharge
and
use
all
the
available
fuel.
Then,
the
insulin
function
remains
at
43．
(it)
highest
point
the
next
morning.
Of
course,
this
approach
isn’t
for
everyone.
People
who
keep
44．
(high)
active
lifestyles
might
not
benefit.
However,
along
with
plant
-
based
eating
patterns
and
daily
exercise,
this
approach
works
very
well
for
those
eager
45．
(reach)
and
keep
a
healthy
body
weight.
【答案】
36．corresponds
37．compared
38．from
39．loss
40．are
consumed
41．and
42．which
43．its
44．highly
45．to
reach
【分析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明体重与饮食习惯有关，建议读者考虑重新安排饮食达到健康减肥的目的。
36．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一项研究表明体重与饮食习惯有关。分析句子可知，此处是that宾语从句的谓语动词，主语是body
weight，根据主句谓语动词
shows可知此处时态也是一般现在时，故应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填corresponds。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：与早餐或午餐吃得最多的人相比，下午6点以后吃东西的人体重更高。根据句中已有谓语动词have且无连接词，可知此处要用非谓语动词，由People与compare之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词。故填compared。
38．考查介词。句意：此外，高血糖是由晚上进食造成的。固定短语result
from“起因于，由……造成”。故填from。
39．考查名词。句意：为了健康减肥，你可以考虑重新安排你的饮食，让更多的卡路里在早晨消耗，因为早上的胰岛素功能最好。根据a
healthy
weight
可知此处要用名词作get的宾语。故填loss。
40．考查时态和语态。句意：为了健康减肥，你可以考虑重新安排你的饮食，让更多的卡路里在早晨消耗，因为早上的胰岛素功能最好。分析句子可知，此处是so连接的句子的谓语，主语是more
calories，与consume之间是被动关系，可知要用被动语态；根据上文谓语may
consider可知此处时态也是一般现在时。故填are
consumed。
41．考查连词。句意：这可能意味着早餐要多吃一点，午餐要中等大小，晚餐不要吃。根据a
larger
breakfast,
a
medium-sized
lunch和no
dinner
at
all之间是并列关系，可知此处要用并列连词and。故填and。
42．考查定语从句的关系词。句意：你也可以尝试每天不吃一顿饭，这样你的细胞就可以充电并使用所有可用的燃料。分析句子可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是skipping
one
meal
each
day，指物，定语从句
42
allows
your
cells
to
recharge中缺少主语，故此处要用关系代词which。故填which。
43．考查代词。句意：然后，胰岛素功能在第二天早上保持在最高点。根据名词point可知此处要用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
44．考查副词。句意：保持高度活跃生活方式的人可能不会从中受益。修饰形容词active可知此处要用副词。故填highly。
45．考查动词不定式。句意：然而，加上以植物为基础的饮食模式和日常锻炼，这种方法对那些渴望达到并保持健康体重的人非常有效。固定短语be
eager
to
do“渴望做某事”，此处省略be，用形容词短语作后置定语，修饰代词those。故填to
reach。
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分40分）
应用文写作（满分15分)
（2021·河北师范大学附属中学）假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在你微信上看到你发的“公筷行动(serving
chopsticks)”的图片，发邮件向你咨询。请你给他回复，内容提要：
1.
“公筷行动”简介；
2.
你的看法。
注意：1.
写作词数应为80左右；
2.
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear
Jim，
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li
Hua
【答案】Dear
Jim，
I'm
more
than
delighted
to
hear
from
you,
learning
that
you
are
interested
in
the
picture
I
posted
in
my
WeChat
moments.
I'm
writing
to
share
with
you
some
detailed
information.
As
you
can
see,
it
is
about
Serving
Chopsticks,
used
to
move
food
from
a
serving
plate
to
the
other’s
bowl
when
friends
or
family
have
dinner
together.
Chinese
people
often
eat
communally
and
share
their
dishes
with
others
in
order
to
show
their
kindness
or
hospitality.
So
we
advocate
that
each
diner
on
the
table
should
have
their
own
serving
chopsticks
and
spoons
so
as
to
prevent
sharing
of
any
manner
of
viruses
and
bacteria.
Apparently,
I
am
strongly
for
the
idea
to
use
serving
chopsticks,
passing
love
but
preventing
people
from
spreading
diseases
to
others.
What
do
you
think
of
it?
If
you
want
to
know
more
about
it,
please
feel
free
to
drop
me
a
line.
Looking
forward
to
your
reply.
Yours，
Li
Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生发邮件回复英国朋友Jim咨询的有关“公筷行动(serving
chopsticks)”的事情。
【详解】
第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1.
“公筷行动”简介；
2.
你的看法。
第二步:列提纲
（重点词组）
detailed
information;
eat
communally;
kindness
or
hospitality;
one's
own
;
be
strongly
for
the
idea;
prevent
sb.
from
doing
sth.;look
forward
to
第三步：连词成句
1.
I'm
writing
to
share
with
you
some
detailed
information.
2.
Chinese
people
often
eat
communally
and
share
their
dishes
with
others
in
order
to
show
their
kindness
or
hospitality.
3.
We
advocate
that
each
diner
on
the
table
should
have
their
own
serving
chopsticks
and
spoons
so
as
to
prevent
sharing
of
any
manner
of
viruses
and
bacteria.
4.
I
am
strongly
for
the
idea
to
use
serving
chopsticks，passing
love
but
preventing
people
from
spreading
diseases
to
others.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
表因果关系：So
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
I'm
more
than
delighted
to
hear
from
you，learning
that
you
are
interested
in
the
picture
I
posted
in
my
WeChat
moments.（现在分词作状语。）
[高分句型2]
As
you
can
see，it
is
about
Serving
Chopsticks，used
to
move
food
from
a
serving
plate
to
the
other’s
bowl
when
friends
or
family
have
dinner
together.（as引导非限制性定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。）
[高分句型3]
So
we
advocate
that
each
diner
on
the
table
should
have
their
own
serving
chopsticks
and
spoons
so
as
to
prevent
sharing
of
any
manner
of
viruses
and
bacteria.（advocate后跟从句用虚拟语气。）
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
（2021·浙江高二月考）The
hamburger
has
become
a
worldwide
cultural
icon（符号）.
Eating
meat,
especially
beef,
is
a
key
part
of
many
diverse
cultures.
Studies
show,
however,
that
the
consumption
of
large
quantities
of
meat
is
a
major
contributing
factor
towards
a
great
many
deaths,
including
the
unnecessarily
high
number
of
deaths
from
heart-related
problems.
Although
it
has
become
popular
on
slowly,
vegetarianism
is
a
way
of
life
that
shows
several
advantages.
Surprising
as
it
may
sound,
vegetarianism
can
have
beneficial
effects
on
the
environment.
Because
demand
for
meat
animals
is
so
high,
cattle
are
being
raised
in
areas
where
rain
forests
once
stood.
As
rain
forest
land
is
cleared
to
make
room
for
cattle
farms,
the
environment
balance
is
upset;
this
imbalance
could
have
serious
consequences
for
humans.
The
article
Deforestation:
The
hidden
cause
of
global
warming
by
Daniel
Howden
explains
that
much
of
the
current
global
warming
is
due
to
the
decrease
of
rain
forests.
More
important
at
an
individual
level
is
the
question
of
how
eating
meat
affects
a
person's
health.
Meat,
unlike
vegetables,
can
contain
very
large
amounts
of
fat.
Eating
this
fat
has
been
connected
to
certain
kinds
of
cancer.
If
people
cut
down
on
the
amounts
of
meat
they
eat,
they
would
be
more
likely
to
lower
their
risks
of
cancers.
Furthermore,
eating
animal
fats
can
lead
to
obesity,
and
obesity
can
cause
numerous
health
problems.
For
example,
obesity
can
cause
people
to
slow
down
and
their
heart
to
have
to
work
harder.
This
results
in
high
blood
pressure.
With
so
much
meat
consumption
worldwide,
it
is
no
wonder
that
heart
disease
is
a
leading
killer.
If
people
followed
vegetarian
diets,
they
would
not
only
be
healthier
but
also
live
longer.
Eating
certain
kinds
of
vegetables
has
been
shown
to
reduce
the
chance
of
contracting
colon
cancer
later
in
life.
Vegetables
do
not
contain
the
“bad”
fats
that
meat
does.
Vegetables
do
not
contain
cholesterol（胆固醇）,
either.
Furthermore,
native
inhabitants
of
areas
of
the
world
where
people
eat
more
vegetables
than
meat,
notably
certain
areas
of
Central
Asia,
routinely
live
to
be
over
one
hundred.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
Compared
with
eating
meat
that
exerts
a
negative
impact
on
health,
vegetarianism
actually
is
advantageous
in
the
following
three
ways.
First,
vegetarianism
is
beneficial
to
environmental
conservation
because
it
prevents
rain
forests
from
being
destroyed
for
building
cattle
farms.
Besides,
vegetarianism
promotes
individual
health
by
reducing
the
chances
of
developing
cancers
and
obesity.
Moreover,
vegetarian
diets
contributes
to
lengthening
people’s
life
expectancy.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，与吃肉对健康产生负面影响相比，素食主义实际上在以下三个方面是有利的。首先，素食主义有利于环境保护，因为它可以防止雨林被破坏，以建设养牛场。此外，素食主义通过减少患癌症和肥胖的机会来促进个人健康。此外，素食有助于延长人们的预期寿命。
【详解】
1.要点摘录①Studies
show,
however,
that
the
consumption
of
large
quantities
of
meat
is
a
major
contributing
factor
towards
a
great
many
deaths,
including
the
unnecessarily
high
number
of
deaths
from
heart-related
problems.
②Although
it
has
become
popular
on
slowly,
vegetarianism
is
a
way
of
life
that
shows
several
advantages.
③Surprising
as
it
may
sound,
vegetarianism
can
have
beneficial
effects
on
the
environment.
④As
rain
forest
land
is
cleared
to
make
room
for
cattle
farms,
the
environment
balance
is
upset;
⑤
Furthermore,
eating
animal
fats
can
lead
to
obesity,
and
obesity
can
cause
numerous
health
problems.
⑥
If
people
followed
vegetarian
diets,
they
would
not
only
be
healthier
but
also
live
longer.
2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4和5、6两个要点进行整合。
3.遣词造句Compared
with
eating
meat
that
exerts
a
negative
impact
on
health,
vegetarianism
actually
is
advantageous
in
the
following
three
ways.
First,
vegetarianism
is
beneficial
to
environmental
conservation
because
it
prevents
rain
forests
from
being
destroyed
for
building
cattle
farms.
Besides,
vegetarianism
promotes
individual
health
by
reducing
the
chances
of
developing
cancers
and
obesity.
Moreover,
vegetarian
diets
contributes
to
lengthening
people’s
life
expectancy.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]：Compared
with
eating
meat
that
exerts
a
negative
impact
on
health,
vegetarianism
actually
is
advantageous
in
the
following
three
ways.运用过去分词作状语结构。
[高分句型2]：First,
vegetarianism
is
beneficial
to
environmental
conservation
because
it
prevents
rain
forests
from
being
destroyed
for
building
cattle
farms.运用because引导原因状语从句。
