UNIT 6 I like music that I can dance to Section A 导学案与试题
一、学习目标
·学会谈论自己的喜好。
·学会表达自己对某事物或某人的好恶及理由。
二、知识概览图
类别
课程标准要求掌握的内容
必备
单词
名词：lyric，heart，string，fisherman，entertainment，feature，photography，gallery，energy，course，laboratory，type，cancer，risk，biscuit 动词：prefer，dislike，sink，miss，suggest，expect，taste，fry，shock 形容词：gentle，honest，sweet，main，tasty
常考
短语
remind sb．of，Yellow River，on display，to be honest，be bad for，stay away from，be in agreement，suit sb．fine，look for，prefer．．．to．．．，get together
经典
句型
1．I like music that I can dance to.
2．I prefer music that has great lyrics.
3．Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
重点
语法
that，who引导的定语丛句
三、新课导引
四、教材精华
SECTION A
1. I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。
（1）that为关系代词，在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词music。that在从句中作主语，不
能省略。
The skirt that is made of silk is very expensive. 这条丝绸做的裙子太贵了。
（2）prefer用作动词，意为“更喜欢”，相当于“like．．．better”。
I prefer English to maths. = I like English better than maths.
与数学相比，我更喜欢英语。
拓展
①prefer sth．To sth．或prefer doing sth．to doing sth．
喜欢（做）某事而不喜欢（做）某事
I prefer staying at home to going out. 我喜欢待在家里，而不喜欢外出。
②prefer to do sth．更喜欢做某事
He prefers to listen to quiet and gentle music. 他更喜欢听轻柔优雅的音乐。
③prefer to do sth．rather that do sth．=would rather do sth．than do sth．
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
I prefer to write rather that read．=I would rather write that read.
我宁愿写而不愿读。
试题自查
【 四川达州】29. When people want to relax themselves, they prefer TV or listen to music rather than newspapers.
?A. watching; read B. watching; to read
?C. to watch; read D. to watch; reading
答案：C
【解析】本题考查prefer…rather than…句型的用法。根据题意，当人们想放松自己时，他们宁愿看电视听音乐也不会去看报纸。prefer后接动词不定式，rather than后接动词原形。故本题选C。
【 无锡】Jane’s mother preferred __________ TV at home to __________ to the concert.
A. to watch; go B. watching; going C. watching; go D. to watch; going
答案：B
【解析】prefer doing sth. to doing sth.“比起……来更喜欢……”，故答案选B。
【 山东?泰安】36. —How about going shopping this weekend, Peter?
—Sorry. I prefer ______ rather than ______.
A. to stay at home, go out B. to go out, stay at home
C. staying at home, go out D. going out, stay at home
答案：A
【解析】动词用法。prefer to do rather than do意为“宁愿---而不愿”。根据句义，“宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去”。
【 安徽省卷】40. -- Do you often watch Man and Nature on TV?
--Sometimes. It's an interesting program, but I______ Sports News.
A. prefer B. want C. enjoy D. miss
答案：A
【解析】词汇辨析。上句意思是：你经常看电视上的《人与自然》吗？答语是：有时候，那是个有趣的节目，但是，我“更喜欢”体育新闻。而B. want 想要；C. enjoy喜欢；D. miss错过。
2. I love music that I can sing along with．我喜欢能随之歌唱的音乐。
along with（together with）意为“伴随着”。
I will go along with you. 我将和你一起去。
The students planted trees along with teachers. 学生和老师们一起植树。
I am going shopping，along with my mother. 我和妈妈准备去购物。
温馨提示
当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with，along with，together with等时，谓语动词与主语保持一致。
3. I like music that I can dance to．我喜欢能随之跳舞的音乐。
that在从句中作介词to的宾语。
dance to意为“随着……的节拍跳舞”，to在这里是介词，意为“按照，随着”。
The girls danced to the beautiful music．
姑娘们随着优美的音乐翩翩起舞。
中考链接
【 广西百色】 34.The policeman caught the thief ______ has stolen Mr. Li’s computer.
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
答案： D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词，which 用于指事儿；whose“谁的”； whom“谁”是宾格； who“谁”，是主格，先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以要用主作格。
(2011桂林）37. The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.
A. that B. where C. who D. when
37.答案：A
【解析】连词的用法。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断，先行词为人时用who或that，先行词为物时用which或that.此题中先行词basketball为物因此用that，故选A。
【河北省2011】43. The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。who 指代人，在从句做主语和宾语；whom指代人，在从句做宾语；whose指代谁的，在从句做定语；which指代物，在从句做主语和宾语。此处修饰先行词是“人”而且在从句中作主语，用who引导。故选A。
【 河南省】32. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_____ you had with your dad yesterday.
what B. which C. when D. who
32.答案：考查定语从句。该句的先行词为the discussion，故用which做关系代词，在从句中做宾语。语意：…告诉我你和你父亲讨论的结果。注意：what不是关系词；when做关系副词在从句中做时间状语；who做关系代词时，先行词必须是人。
【 黑龙江绥化市】（）18. This is the camera______my uncle gave me for my birthday.
which B. who C. what
答案：A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句中先行词是名词camera，故用that或which。
【 广西南宁市】31. My grandparents like to live in a house _______ is not very big but bright and comfortable.
A. that B. who C. what D. whose
31. 答案：A
【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断，先行词为人时用who或that，先行词为物时用which或that.此题中先行词house为物因此用that，故选A。
【 贵州贵阳】41. Mary Smith says she likes to have friends_________ are different from her.
A. whose B. which C. who
答案：C
【解析】这里考查的是定语从句，先行词是人，故排除B，同时又在从句中作主语，故应用who。
【 湖南湘西】24. Do you know the girl _________ is singing in the classroom?
A. when B. who C. which
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词 定语从句修饰人时用that 和 who，这里只能选B.
(2011湖南岳阳中考) 30.I can’t forget the time the earthquake happened in Yushu.
A. when B. which C. where
解析：本题考查定语从句。the time表时间，故答案选A。
【 山东滨州】33. I hate people _________don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. whose D. where
答案：A
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。由先行词people 决定定语从句的引导词指人，并且作主语，因此排除B，D。whose“谁的”，用作定语，故选A。
【浙江湖州】 21.— What kind of movies do you like?
— I like the movies ____ are about Chinese history.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
答案：D
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。句意：－你喜欢哪种电影？－我喜欢关于中国历史的影片。先行词the movies为物，要用指物的关系代词that。排除其他选项。故选D。
【 浙江衢州】23. The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Beijing so famous.
A. what B. which C. who D. why
答案：B
【解析】定语从句。定语从句修饰 the rich culture, 先行词是物，用which。
【 四川成都】34. The old man asked the girl to take another seat he wanted to sit next to his wife.
A. because B. so that C. so
答案：B
【解析】考查连词及状语从句。由句意知:那位老人让那个女孩坐另一座位的“目的”就是想坐到妻子旁边。故用so that（以便）引导目的状语从句。
【 四川成都】42. Kate was so glad she received a Christmas gift from his grandparents away in Thailand.
A. that B. when C. if
答案：B
【解析】考查连词及状语从句。句意：Kate收到她远在泰国的祖父母的礼物时，是那么的高兴。注意:不要误认为是“so...that”引导的结果状语从句。因为后面从句不是前面主句的结果。
【 四川绵阳】14. The girl catches the flowers on a wedding will be the next to get married.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
答案：C
【解析】考查定语从句的用法。Whom指人，作从句的宾语；which指物，作从句的主语或宾语；who指人，作从句的主语或宾语；whose即指人也指物，作从句的定语，后跟名词。根据动词“catches”可推断关系词作从句的主语，而“the girl”指人，故选C。
12.【 扬州】One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou ________ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.
A. what B. who C. that D. /
答案：C
【解析】定语从句。根据句意：被外国旅游者参观的最著名的地方是西湖。Are often visited by foreigners修饰先行词places。
【 湖北黄冈】38. —Who is your new head teacher this semester?
—The woman _______ is wearing a red skirt.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
答案：B
【解析】关系代词的用法。本题先行词“the woman”为“人”，故选择关系代词who。
【 铜仁】32. Li Mei is the student _________ handwriting is the best in our class.
A. whose B. whom C. who D. that
答案：A
【解析】定语从句的用法。who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。由handwriting可推断关系代词做定语，故选A。
【 呼和浩特】10. ---- Is there anyone here name isBetty?
---- Sorry, I don’t know.
A. who B. which C.whom D. whose
【答案】D
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词anyone 是人，在定语从句中做name的定语，所以应用关系代词whose。
【 四川达州】24.—Where did you go last week?
? —I went to Zhang Aiping’s hometown and visited the house he was born in.
? A. that B. there C. who D. whose
答案：A
【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。根据上下文语境语意：-上个星期你去哪了？-我去了张爱萍的家乡，参观了她出生的地方。先行词“that”修饰“house”，故本题选A。
【 四川南充】26. Is that the man_______ helped us a lot after the earthquake?
A. which B. who C. whom
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句及关系代词用法辨析。句中先行词为the man,又因为关系词需要做helped的主语，故选who。注意：用which时，先行词只能是物；而whom只能做宾语。
（2011四川资阳）20.—I hear that Lily’s brother is a worker here.
—Look, the man _________ is working over there is her brother.
A. who B. whom C. what D. which
答案：A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系代词。who “代替人”作主语或者宾语；whom “代替人”作宾语；what不用于宾语从句；which“代替物”作主语或者宾语；先行词为人， 在从句中作主语。?故选A。
【 天津】44. John is the boy_____ legs were badly hurt in the accident.
A. whose B. that C. who D. which
答案：A
【解析】 定语从句。 先行词是人排除D，根据句意：谁的腿，用Whose。
【 清远】33. Have you read the book _____ is about the moon?
A. what B. it C. / D. which
答案D
【解析】考查定语从句引导词。前置语为the book名词，用which代替。it 和what不能作定语从句的引导词。
【 宁夏】( )23. —Do you know the girl __is talking to our English teacher?
—Yes. She's my sister.
who B. whom C. which D. Whose
答案：A
【2011河源】32.I hate those ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A.who B.which C.what D.where
答案：A
【 哈尔滨】29. "Get new knowledge by reviewing the old" is a famous saying by Confucius(孔子). He was a great thinker words still have a great effect on millions of people around the world today.
A. who B. who's C. whose
答案：C
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为人(thinker)，引导词后的成分(words)，words的定语为先行词。故用whose。
【 乌鲁木齐】30. We don't like people _ talk too much but never do anything.
A. whose B. who C. when D. which
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词people是人，在定语从句中做主语，故用关系代词who.
【2011梧州】43. –Do you know the boy ___ is standing under the tree? -- Yes, he is my friend, Peter.
A. what B. who C. whom D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】定语从句的考察 先行词the boy是“人”，在定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词who.
【 福建莆田】( ) 37. —What did he say just now?
—He asked me_________,
A. when my sister came back
B. when did my sister come back
C. when will my sister come back
答案A
【解析】宾语从句的考查。宾语从句应该是陈述句语序，主句中he asked me是一般过去时，故从句也应该是过去时态总的一种。
【 黑龙江齐齐哈尔】( )31.—Do you know the girl in white is?
—I’m not sure. Maybe she is a doctor.
A. how B. where C. what
答案：C
【2011浙江杭州】23. Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there?
A. that B. which C. whose D. What
答案：A
【解析】定语从句的用法。句意：那边正在读书的人是谁？先行词man指人，从句中缺少主语，用that。whose做从句的定语。which做引导词时，先行词必须指物。故选A。
【 浙江金华】26.?? — Do you know??????? ?
— Sorry, I don't have a watch.
A.?? whose watch this is????????????????????????? B.?? whose watch is this
C.?? what time it is?????????????????????????????? D.?? what time is it
答案：C
【解析】考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应为陈述语序。排除B和D。由答语句意“我没有手表”可推断问句提问的是时间。故选C。
【 山东临沂】24. Peter likes music _________is very loud and energetic.
A. that B. who C. whom D. /
答案：A
【解析】定语从句引导词的用法。由句意“彼得喜欢声音大而且有力量的音乐”可知后句为定语从句。that 用来指人或物，who 用来指人，which 用来指物。先行词为物，在句中作主语，且不可省略，用that。故选A。
【 浙江舟山】23. There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week.
A. who B. when C. which D. what
答案：C
【解析】关系代词的用法。 此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum。
【 四川内江】35. I'm going to start a club to help students _____ are not interested in schoolwork.
A. whose B. who C. whom
答案：B
【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意，我打算创办一个兴趣小组去帮助那些对学习不感兴趣的学生。从help students看出应该使用指人的关系代词，而且作从句的主语。故选B。
【 株洲】Gina loves singers _______ write their own music.
A. which B. who C. has worked
答案：B
【解析】定语从句的用法。本句意思为“吉娜喜欢自己作曲的歌手”，后面write their own music “自己作曲”做定语修饰singer“歌手”，而which一般引导事物，who一般用于引导人，本题用于修饰singer是一个人，因此空格处的关系代词为who。
【2011?广州】( )4. The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.
whose B. who C. that D. where
4.答案:C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在报纸上我读的故事是关于青少年一个普遍的问题。先行词指物，且做宾语，故选C。
【 湖北十堰】38. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school __________ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which
答案：A
【解析】定语从句。从several of the students看出应用关系代词who指人。故选A。
【2011肇庆】30. People from different places come to visit Zhaoqing ______ is famous for its beautiful mountains and lakes.
A. what B. which C. who
答案：B
【解析】定语从句的引导词。先行词是Zhaoqing，是地方，排除C；what不能作定语从句的引导词。【2011湖南长沙】28. ---What are you looking for?
---I’m looking for the book ________ you lent me yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whose
答案：A
【解析】定语从句。句意：你在找什么？我在找你昨天借给我的那本书。you lent me yesterday做定语修饰the book，故应该用that引导，故答案为A。
【 广东】44. The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.
A. which B. that C. why D. who
答案： B
【解析】本题考查定语从句that的用法。在定语从句中先行词为当先行词是不定代词all, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one, thing时，不定代词用that. 在定语从句中当先行词为物时，用which或that; C项为副词，在定语从句充当状语，与题意不符，故排除。D项当先行词为人时，用who或whom. 故选B。
【 本溪】10. He is a person ______ is easy to get along with.
A. who B. which C. whom D. what
答案：A
【2011山东菏泽】31. I’ ll never forget the day_____ the great scientist came to our school and gave us a speech.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
答案： C
【解析】定语从句的用法。句意：我从来不会忘记这位伟大的科学家来我们学校给我们做演讲的这一天。从句中有主语，也有宾语，可判断先行词做状语，表示时间用when。that和which是关系代词，做主语或宾语；where做状语时表示地点。故选C。
( 河北中考) There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip.
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
【解析】选B
（2010.自贡中考）Jim dislikes people ______talk much but never do anything .
A.who B.whom C.whose
【解析】选A
（ 南京中考）—I hear Sam has gone to Qiandiao for his holiday.
--Oh,how nice!Do you know when he_______?
A.left B.was leaving C.has left D.had left
【解析】选A
( 衢州中考)We are trying to help those children _____ lost their parents in Yushu , Qinghai Province.
A. which B. when C. who D. whose
【解析】选C
( 长沙中考)Do you know the girl _______is singing in the classroom?
A.who B.which C.when
【解析】选A
（ 通化中考）Jim dislikes people _______talk much but never do anything.
A.whom B.when C.whose D.who
【解析】选D
（ 扬州中考）—The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.
--Yes.They are helping the people ______are suffering from the earthquake.
A.which B.what C./ D.who
【解析】选D
（ 成都中考）Have you found the answer to the question ______I asked you this morning?
A.when B.what C.that
【解析】选C
（2010·河南中考）Friends are those make you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed
A which B what C whom D who
【解析】选D
（ 十堰中考）I began to work in Shanghai in the year _______HongKong was returned to China.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
【解析】选D
( 河北中考) Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.
A. what B. who C. whom D. which
【解析】选D。考查which引导的定语从句。由表示物的先行词the coat可选出正确答案为D。
(2009·山东中考) This is the novel ______ is written by Guo Jingming.
A. who B. what C. that D. /
【解析】选C。考查关系代词that引导的定语从句。由表示物的先行词the novel可排除A、B二项；另因为关系代词在从句中做主语，所以不能省略，故舍D选C。
( 通化中考) Jim dislikes people ______ talk much but never do anything.
A. whom B. when C. whose D. who
【解析】选D。考查关系代词who引导的定语从句。先行词people指人，故正确答案为D。
(2009·德州中考) The girl _________ is sitting under the big tree is Lynn’s cousin.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【解析】选A。考查关系代词who引导的定语从句。由表示人的先行词The girl可先排除D；另由于该空在句中做主语，故舍B、C二项，选A。
( 河南中考) It’s time to say goodbye to my school. I’ll always remember the people _______ have helped me.
A. who B. what C. which D. where
【解析】选A。考查关系代词who引导的定语从句。由表示人的先行词the people可排除B、C、D三项，故选A。
( 绍兴中考) The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease ______ has caused many deaths.
A. who B. which C. whom D. what
【解析】选B。考查关系代词which引导的定语从句。由表示物的先行词a disease可知要用关系代词which，故排除A、C、D三项，选B。
( 绵阳中考) Disney is an amusement park _______ you can find all the normal attractions and Disney movies and characters.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
【解析】选B。考查where引导的定语从句。由表示地点的先行词an amusement park可排除A、C、D三项，故选B。
( 东营中考) The young lady ________ we met yesterday is our new math teacher.
A. what B. whose C. who D. which
【解析】选C。考查关系代词who引导的定语从句。由指人的先行词The young lady可排除A、B、D三项，故选C。
( 孝感中考) The skirt _________ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.
A. what B. / C. that D. it
【解析】选C。考查关系代词that引导的定语从句。先行词skirt指物，故正确答案为C。
( 兰州中考) I like the teacher ________ classes are very interesting and creative.
A. which B. who C. what D. whose
【解析】选D。考查关系代词whose引导的定语从句。结合题意“我很喜欢那个老师，他的课非常有趣，非常有创意”可知关系代词在句中作classes的定语，故排除A、B、C三项，选D。
( 河南中考) Shaolin Temple ________ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad.
A. where B. which C. who D. what
【解析】选B。考查which引导的定语从句。由指物的先行词Shaolin Temple可选B。
( 厦门中考) Jack, there is someone in the office ______ would like to speak with you.
A. who B. which C. whom
【解析】选A。考查who引导的定语从句。由指人的先行词someone知答案选A。
( 陕西中考) We should give love to the children _______ lost their parents in the earthquake (地震).
A. who B. whom C. those D. which
【解析】选A。考查who引导的定语从句。由指人的先行词the children可选A。
( 哈尔滨中考) -The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isn’t it?
-Yes, it has built many schools ________ those children can study happily.
A. where B. when C. which
【解析】选A。考查where引导的定语从句。由指地点的先行词schools可直接选A。
( 咸宁中考) -There are many volunteers ________ are helping the children in Sichuan.
-And most of them are college students
A. which B. when C. whose D. who
【解析】选D。考查who引导的定语从句。由题中表示人的先行词volunteers可排除A、B、C三项，所以选D。
( 长沙中考) -What are you looking for?
-I am looking for the book ________ I bought yesterday.
A. who B. which C. whose
【解析】选B。考查which引导的定语从句。先行词the book指物，故答案是B。
( 恩施中考) We know Jackie Chan ________ movies are very popular with the young.
A. whose B. that C. who D. which
【解析】选A。考查whose引导的定语从句。由表示人的先行词Jackie Chan可先排除D；另结合题意“我们都知道成龙，他的电影非常受年轻人欢迎”可知填作定语的关系代词，故排除B、C二项，选A。
( 衡阳中考) Is this university_______ your elder brother will choose this year?
A. the one B. that C. where
【解析】选A
(2008·梧州中考) -Do you know the boy _______ is standing under the tree?
-Yes. He’s Peter. He’s new in our class.
A. where B. what C. who D. whose
【解析】选C。考查who引导的定语从句。由指人的先行词man可直接选C。
定语从句
定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
?
1. 关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose （of which） cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.
农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）
The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）
2. 关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。例如：
There are occasions when （on which） one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where（in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why （for which） he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：
His father died the year （that / when / in which） he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which） he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
3. 判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village （which） I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days （which） I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where B. that C. on which D. the one
答案：例1 D，例2 A
例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。
而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。
关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 （ where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语） 。
4. 限制性和非限制性定语从句
1） 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：
This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）
2） 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。
This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3） 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。
Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。
说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。
5. 介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
6. as, which 非限定性定语从句
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。
典型例题
1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..
A. that B. which C. as D. it
答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：
（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。
（2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。
as 的用法
例1. the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如：
I have got into the same trouble as he （has）. 我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。
例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。例如：
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。
7. 先行词和关系词二合一
1） Whoever spits in public will be punished here. （Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）
2） The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）
8. what/whatever; that/what; who/whoever
1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：
What you want has been sent here. 你要的动词都送来了。
Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。
2） who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如：
（错）Who breaks the law will be punished.
（错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
（对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. 王子犯法，与庶民同罪。
（对）Who robbed the bank is not clear. 谁抢了银行还不清楚。
3） that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如：
I think（that）you will like the stamps. 我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。
What we need is more practice. 我们需要的是更多的实践。
9. 关系代词that 的用法
1）不用that的情况
a） 引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：
（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
b） 介词后不能用。例如：
We depend on the land from which we get our food. 我们依赖土地获得食物。
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
2） 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
a） 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
b） 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
c） 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。
d） 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.
e） 先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。
Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
4. Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music．
卡门喜欢能演奏不同类型乐曲的音乐家。
（1）musician是名词，复数形式为musicians，意为“音乐家，乐师，作曲家”。
（2）who为关系代词，在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词musicians。who在从句中作
主语。
中考链接
( 杭州) You can’t wake a person is pretending to be asleep．
A. who B. which C. he D. /
解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为a person“一个人”，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用who或that，故选A。 答案：A
（3）different是形容词，意为“不同的”，其名词形式为difference“不同”，反义词为same
“同样的，相同的”。常用短语为：be different from“与……不同”。
English names are different from Chinese ones. 英文名字与中文名字不同。
5. What does it remind you of？它让你想起了什么?
（1）remind sb．of．．．“使某人想起……”，remind意为“提醒，使记起，使想起”，后跟sb．of/that从句。
The pictures remind me of my school days．这些照片使我想起了我的学生时代。
I remind him that he must go home before dark．
我提醒他必须在天黑之前回家。
（2）remind sb．to do sth．提醒某人做某事
My parents often remind me to study hard．父母经常提醒我要努力学习。
6. I listened to one called Heart Strings. 我听了一张名叫《心弦》的CD。
（1）one是代词，代指上文提到的CD。
（2）called Heart Strings在句中作定语，修饰前面的one，called相当于named。
I know a boy called Jim. 我认识一个叫吉姆的男孩。
7. What do you think of it? 你觉得它怎么样?
What do you think of．．．?是常用句型，意为“你认为/觉得……怎么样?”相当于How do you like．．．?
What do you think of the hook? =How do you like the book?
你觉得这本书怎么样?
拓展
How do you enjoy．．．? 你觉得……怎么样?
What/How about doing．．．? 做……怎么样?
Shall we do．．．? 我们做……好吗？
Would you like to do．．．? 你想做……吗？
8. I can’t stand music that．．．我不能忍受……的音乐。
stand是动词，意为“忍受，经受；容忍”。can’t stand（doing）sth．/sb．意为“不能忍受(做)某事/某人”。
Do you think she can stand the pace of work here?
你认为她能够忍受这儿的工作节奏吗?
温馨提示
stand作“忍受”讲时，常用在否定句或疑问句中，不与进行时态连用。
I can’t stand this hot weather. 我忍受不了这种热天气。
She can’t stand waiting for a long time. 她不能忍受等很长时间。
五、课堂检测
Ⅰ.单项填空
1. Judy likes music very much. She likes music she can dance to．
A. what B. who C. that D. where
2. There are many works of art in the museum we will visit tomorrow.
A. where B. who C. which D. what
3. The beautiful girl we met yesterday is my deskmate.
A. what B. whose C. whom D. which
4. He is the only man helped the girl out of the water.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. which
5. They prefer soccer rather than kites.
A. playing；flying B. to play；flying C. to play；fly D. play；fly
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Here is the boy （call）Tony.
2. I can play different （kind）of sports.
3. He prefers （play）basketball to （watch）TV.
4. He dislikes （learn）English because he thinks it’s hard for him.
5. I prefer music that has great （lyric）.
答案速递
Ⅰ.1～5 CCCAC
Ⅱ.1. called 2. kinds 3. playing，watching 4. learning 5. lyrics
六、学后反思
