云南省水富市第一重点中学2021-2022学年高一上学期9月英语诊断卷（二）（Word版含答案，无听力试题）

云南省水富市第一中学2021-2022学年高一上学期9月英语诊断卷（二）
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Urban
household
assets
reach
average
of
3.18
million
yuan
in
2019
Editors
note:
Urban
residents'
average
household
assets（资产）were
about
3.18
million
yuan
in
China
in
2019
and
that
of
Beijing
residents
was
about
8.93
million
yuan,
the
highest
in
the
country.
Distribution
of
household
assets
of
urban
residents
Urban
residents'
household
assets
are
mainly
physical
assets
with
housing
as
the
main
part,
accounting
for
about
80%
of
the
total.
The
housing
ownership
rate
was
96%,
1.5
sets
for
each
household
on
average.
58.4%
families
have
one
set
of
housing
31.0%
families
have
two
sets
of
housing
10.5%
families
have
three
or
more
sets
of
housing
Household
average
assets
in
eastern
regions
are
higher
than
other
parts
of
China,
with
the
amount
in
Northeast
China
the
lowest,
accounting
for
about
one
third
of
East
China.
Top
three
regions
with
highest
household
assets
in
China
in
2019
are
Beijing,
Shanghai
and
Jiangsu
province.
Middle-aged
and
young
people
and
well-educated
people
are
more
likely
to
have
debts
Average
household
debt:
512,000
yuan
Families
with
householders
aged
65
or
above
are
more
likely
to
invest
in
financial
products
including
wealth
management,
asset
management
and
trust.
The
average
value
was
about
239,000
yuan,
about
1.4
times
the
average.
Household
debt
participation
rate
by
householder's
education
level
Household
debt
participation
rate
by
age
About
73.
1%
of
those
aged
between
26
and
35
have
household
debt.
1．How
many
families
have
more
than
two
sets
of
housing,
according
to
the
passage?
A．58.4%.
B．31.0%.
C．10.5%.
D．96%.
2．Which
region
has
the
highest
household
assets
in
China
in
2019?
A．Beijing.
B．Shanghai.
C．Jiangsu.
D．Northeast
China.
3．Who
does
probably
have
the
most
household
debt,
according
to
the
report?
A．Li
Hua,
graduating
from
high
school,
37
years
old,
working
as
a
self-employed.
B．Sun
Yi,
master’s
degree,
35
years
old,
working
in
a
IT
company.
C．Zhang
Yinyin,
college
degree,
18
years
old,
studying
in
a
key
university.
D．Chen
Rui,
Bachelor’s
degree,
69
years
old,
retired
from
the
work.
B
Jeremy
Locke,
who
owns
a
roofing
and
construction
company
in
Glace
Bay,
Nova
Scotia,
had
always
been
wanting
to
repair
the
roof
of
Jeanette
MacDonald's
home.
Whenever
he
drove
past
the
woman's
home,
he
assumed
that
the
roof
was
under
repair
because
the
job
had
already
been
taken
on
by
another
group
of
repairmen—but
as
the
weeks
wore
on,
the
roof
continued
to
worsen
without
any
signs
of
repair.
“
I
had
it
in
my
mind
that
if
no
one
steps
up
to
help
this
lady
in
our
community,
I’d
be
more
than
happy
to,”
Locke
told
CBC．
When
Locke
finally
reached
out
to
MacDonald
about
fixing
her
roof
for
free,
however,
she
politely
declined
his
offer
because
she
did
not
like
to
accept
charity.
That
being
said,
she
had
already
applied
for
a
government
grant
（补助金）
to
fix
the
roof
and
she
said
she
was
more
than
happy
to
hire
Locke
once
her
grant
application
was
approved.
Unfortunately,
MacDonald
never
received
the
approval.
As
the
stubborn
（固执的）
Canadian
senior
refused
to
accept
any
assistance
from
Locke,
the
sympathetic
construction
worker
played
an
innocent
trick
in
order
to
get
her
to
accept
his
help.
He
invited
MacDonald
to
enter
a
raffle
（抽奖活动）that
his
business
was
holding
for
a
free
roof.
After
the
grandmother
—
of
—
four
accepted
one
of
the
raffle
tickets,
Locke
told
her
that
she
was
the
winner—because
she
was
the
only
one
who
had
entered
the
raffle.
Thanks
to
his
sweet
little
plan,
Locke
and
his
crew
are
starting
work
on
the
roof
this
week,
which
is
expected
to
cost
his
company
about
$9,
000.
MacDonald,
meanwhile,
told
CBC
that
she
doesn't
know
how
to
express
her
gratitude
to
Locke,
saying
that
he
is
her
“guardian
angel”.
"There's
nobody
out
there
like
him,"
she
added.
4．What
did
Locke
desire
to
do
for
MacDonald?
A．Repair
her
roof.
B．Find
a
repairman.
C．Run
a
charity.
D．Raise
money.
5．Why
did
MacDonald
refuse
Locke's
offer
initially?
A．She
didn't
trust
him.
B．She
had
won
a
raffle.
C．She
didn't
like
free
help.
D．She
had
got
an
official
grant.
6．How
did
Locke
finally
make
MacDonald
change
her
mind?
A．He
persuaded
her
to
give
up
her
application.
B．He
invited
her
to
enter
his
business.
C．He
gave
her
about
$9,
000.
D．He
told
her
a
white
lie.
7．Which
of
the
following
words
best
describe
Locke?
A．Stubborn
and
tricky.
B．Wealthy
and
innocent.
C．Determined
and
warm-hearted.
D．Different
and
ambitious.
C
People
made
wings
and
strapped
them
to
their
arms.
They
flapped
their
arms
but
couldn’t
fly.
They
built
gliders(滑翔机),
light
aircraft
with
wings.
Some
didn’t
work,
but
some
did.
The
gliders
that
worked
had
special
wings.
These
wings
were
arched
on
both
the
top
and
the
bottom.
The
air
pulled
the
wings
from
above
and
pushed
the
wings
from
below.
When
the
wings
went
up,
so
did
the
glider!
Arched
wings
help
create
a
force
called
lift.
Lift
is
the
force
that
keeps
the
gliders
in
the
air.
Most
gliders
have
long,
thin
wings.
The
wings
create
enough
lift
to
carry
the
aircraft
and
its
passengers.
Gliders
usually
ride
currents
of
air
the
same
way
a
hawk
soars(飞翔).
Gliders
are
very
light,
and
long
wings
and
air
currents
can
give
them
enough
lift
to
fly.
But
to
carry
more
than
just
a
passenger
or
two,
an
aircraft
needs
a
lot
more
lift.
The
question
is:
How
do
you
create
more
lift?
The
engine
is
the
answer!
The
engine
is
a
machine
that
changes
energy
into
movement.
The
forward
movement
that
an
airplane
needs
to
fly
is
called
thrust.
More
thrust
makes
an
airplane
move
forward
faster.
Moving
faster
creates
more
lift.
And
with
more
lift,
an
airplane
can
carry
more
weight
so
an
aircraft
with
an
engine
can
carry
passengers
or
cargo.
In
1903
the
Wright
brothers
figured
out
how
to
get
wings
and
an
engine
to
work
together
in
order
to
give
an
airplane
enough
thrust
to
fly.
They
made
the
first
powered
flight
at
Kitty
Hawk,
North
Carolina.
Since
then
people
have
made
airplanes
that
can
fly
faster
than
sound
can
travel.
They
have
made
airplanes
that
can
fly
all
the
way
around
the
world
without
stopping.
Today,
thousands
of
people
travel
in
airplanes
every
day.
People
really
have
learned
how
to
fly!
8．If
a
flyer
wants
to
stay
in
the
air,
it
needs
enough
________.
A．lift
B．thrust
C．wings
D．engines
9．What
made
the
flyers
moving
forward
in
the
sky?
A．The
air.
B．The
lift.
C．The
thrust.
D．The
wind.
10．An
airplane
can
carry
heavy
weight
and
fly
very
fast
mostly
because
of
________.
A．the
lift
B．the
thrust
C．the
sound
D．the
engine
11．The
whole
passage
mainly
tells
us
________.
A．how
gliders
were
built
B．how
important
the
engine
was
C．how
people
learned
to
fly
D．how
the
first
airplane
was
made
D
When
people
pause
before
replying
to
a
question,
even
for
just
a
few
seconds,
their
an-swers
are
supposed
to
be
less
sincere
and
believable
than
if
they
had
replied
immediately.
And
the
longer
the
hesitation
lasts,
the
less
sincere
the
response
appears.
Researchers
conducted
a
series
of
experiments
involving
more
than
7,
500
individuals.
Participants
either
listened
to
an
audio
record,
viewed
a
video
or
read
an
account
of
a
person
responding
to
a
simple
question.
In
each
case,
the
response
time
varied
from
immediate
to
a
10-second
delay.
Participants
then
rated
the
sincerity
of
the
response
on
a
sliding
scale.
Across
all
14
experiments,
participants
consistently
rated
delayed
responses
as
less
sincere
re-gardless
of
the
question.
The
findings
have
wide
connotations.
Whenever
people
are
interacting,
they
are
judging
each
other's
sincerity.
These
results
can
be
applied
to
a
wide
range
of
interactions,
going
from
workplace
chats
to
couples
and
friends
arguing.
Further,
in
job
interviews
and
in
court
hear-ings
and
trials,
people
are
often
tasked
with
judgments
of
sincerity.
Here,
too,
response
speed
could
play
a
part.
In
general,
whenever
there
is
a
response
that
requires
an
answer,
such
as
in
a
job
interview,
delayed
responses
can
be
thought
as
less
sincere.
It
would
be
unfair
for
the
responder,
such
as
a
crime
suspect,
if
the
response
delay
was
sorted
by
mistake
into
thought
control
or
answer
making
up
when
it
was
in
fact
caused
by
a
different
factor,
such
as
simply
being
distracted
or
thoughtful.
The
experiment
also
found
that
definitely
instructing
participants
to
ignore
delayed
response
reduced,
but
did
not
com-pletely
remove,
the
effect
of
delayed
response
on
judgment
of
sincerity
or
guilt.
Nevertheless,
on
the
whole,
a
fast
response
seems
to
be
regarded
as
more
sincere,
while
a
response
that
is
delayed
for
even
a
couple
of
seconds
may
be
considered
a
slow
lie.
12．What
does
the
reliability
of
answers
lie
on
according
to
the
study?
A．The
response
time.
B．The
answer
content.
C．The
tone
of
speakers.
D．The
difficulty
of
questions.
13．What
does
the
underlined
word
“connotations”
in
paragraph
3
probably
mean?
A．Choices.
B．Responsibilities.
C．Meanings.
D．Possibilities.
14．What
effects
does
the
study
result
have
on
our
life?
A．It
is
a
test
to
judge
honesty.
B．It
can
prevent
a
lot
of
crimes.
C．It
improves
skills
in
asking
questions.
D．It
promotes
the
harmony
between
people.
15．What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph?
A．Delayed
answers
are
lies.
B．It
is
unfair
to
require
all
to
answer
slowly.
C．Delayed
answers
can
lead
to
misjudgment.
D．Delayed
response
should
be
ignored
completely.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Useful
Memory
Strategies
Form
associations
between
new
and
remembered
information.
If
you
can
link
new
ideas
with
previously
established
ones,
then,
you
can
increase
the
chance
that
new
memories
will
be
formed.
Try
coming
up
with
a
familiar
picture,
song,
joke,
or
rhyme.
16．
Form
a
picture
in
your
mind
that
includes
the
new
fact.
17．
It
may
be
boring,
but
simply
repeating
new
information
over
and
over
in
different
ways
will
help
it
stick
in
your
brain
better,
especially
if
you
space
out
the
repetition
over
time.
For
example,
if
you’re
trying
to
remember
the
definition
of
a
new
word,
read
it
several
times
to
yourself.
Then
speak
the
definition
out
loud
a
couple
times,
and
try
writing
it
down
once
or
twice.
Teach
someone
else
the
information
you’re
trying
to
learn.
Teaching
others
can
help
you
remember
and
understand
things
better.
Find
a
classmate
or
co-worker
who
needs
to
learn
the
same
information,
form
a
study
group,
and
take
turns
teaching
each
other
different
concepts.
18．!
Test
yourself
after
learning
something
new.
19．
You
have
to
actually
practice
finding
the
information
from
your
memory
in
order
to
strengthen
the
connections
within
your
brain.
20．
In
this
way,
you
can
make
sure
you’ve
got
them
right.
If
you
answer
something
wrong,
you
will
be
more
likely
to
remember
it
incorrectly
in
the
future
as
well,
so
instantly
correct
yourself
and
repeat
the
right
answer
a
few
more
times.
A．Be
sure
to
immediately
check
your
answers.
B．Make
sure
that
the
basic
information
is
right.
C．And
you
can
associate
them
with
the
new
material.
D．Repeat
new
facts
as
soon
as
you
come
across
them.
E.Simply
re-reading
the
same
information
isn’t
good
enough.
F.Then
keep
trying
effective
methods
and
cooperation
with
others.
G.Alternately,
ask
your
friends
if
they’re
willing
to
learn
something
new
from
you.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；
每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
can
still
remember
the
afternoon
when
we
climbed
the
mountain
as
if
it
were
yesterday.
It
was
a
sunny
day.
____21____
to
spend
some
time
outdoors,
I
went
up
the
mountain
with
Uncle
Jimmy.
The
mountain
was
not
easy
to
climb
and
had
tough
rocks
and
streams
on
it.
In
the
end,
____22____
and
hot,
I
couldn’t
go
any
further.
____23____,
we
went
back
down
the
mountain
in
the
end.
On
the
way
back
down,
Uncle
Jimmy
asked
me
a
question,
which
____24____
me
speechless
for
a
second:
“What’s
your
dream,
young
lady?”
“I
have
no
idea,”
I
answered
after
thinking
for
a
while.
Then
he
smiled
and
told
me
about
his
____25____.
He
didn’t
___26____
well
at
school
when
he
was
a
student.
Although
____27____
thought
he
could
succeed,
he
knew
____28____
what
his
dream
was
—
to
be
a
____29____.
“I
knew
I
wasn’t
____30____
when
it
came
to
studying,
so
I
tried
to
buy
snacks
from
a
nearby
market
and
sell
them
after
class,”
he
told
me.
After
he
left
school,
he
started
selling
different
items
to
____31____
which
one
was
most
attractive
to
customers.
Of
course,
he
often
had
no
money
in
his
pocket,
but
___32____
difficult
life
was,
he
never
gave
up.
“There
is
no
____33____
that
a
person
who
puts
in
a
great
deal
of
___34____
to
reach
his
or
her
goal
will
have
good
luck
at
some
point.
The
meaning
of
life
is
to
chase
your
dream,”
he
said
gently.
That
night
I
could
not
fall
asleep.
With
my
eyes
wide
open,
I
lay
in
bed
tossing
and
turning,
asking
myself,
“What’s
my
motivation?”
I
wanted
to
be
a
top
student,
but
the
hard
work
____35____
meant
putting
everything
into
following
my
____36____.
If
I
find
myself
____37____
willpower,
what
should
I
do?
Leaving
home
early
the
next
morning,
I
climbed
the
mountain
again
all
by
myself.
It
made
me
think:
If
we
don’t
____38____
the
climb,
how
can
we
get
to
enjoy
the
scenery
on
the
top
of
the
mountain?
At
last,
I
reached
the
top
and
was
____39____
by
the
warm
breeze
and
sunshine.
Nothing
could
be
more
____40____
than
that.
21.
A.
Hesitant
B.
Unwilling
C.
Satisfied
D.
Eager
22A.
worried
B.
anxious
C.
exhausted
D.
scared
23.
A.
Consequently
B.
However
C.
Meanwhile
D.
Furthermore
24.
A.
caused
B.
left
C.
pushed
D.
brought
25.
A.
career
B.
story
C.
idea
D.
confusion
26.
A.
behave
B.
perform
C.
respond
D.
impress
27.
A.
somebody
B.
everybody
C.
nobody
D.
anybody
28.
A.
shortly
B.
directly
C.
clearly
D.
rapidly
29.
A.
chef
B.
scholar
C.
deliveryman
D.
businessman
30.
A.
gifted
B.
skilled
C.
diligent
D.
knowledgeable
31.
A.
make
sure
B.
check
in
C.
figure
out
D.
count
on
32.
A.
whatever
B.
however
C.
wherever
D.
whichever
33.
A.
need
B.
doubt
C.
wonder
D.
possibility
34.
A.
talent
B.
potential
C.
ambition
D.
effort
35.
A.
directed
B.
connected
C.
pulled
D.
involved
36.
A.
passion
B.
ability
C.
strength
D.
demand
37.
A.
lacking
B.
sharing
C.
desiring
D.
possessing
38.
A.
grasp
B.
approach
C.
experience
D.
recognize
39.
A.
shocked
B.
amused
C.
honored
D.
greeted
40.
A.
pleasant
B.
unexpected
C.
relaxing
D.
challenging
第二节
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Moving
around
Bogota
can
be
a
bit
of
an
extreme
experience.
On
the
one
hand,
this
city
has
a
bad
reputation
for
having
the
world's
41．
(bad)
traffic.
Yet,
on
the
other,
its
cycling
infrastructure-
42．
(onsider)
a
model
of
sustainable
urban
traffic.
This
city
even
has
a
special
movement
called
Ciclovia,
43．
(encourage)
l.5
million
people
to
bike
for
128
km
on
car-free
streets
each
Sunday
morning.
Carlos
Pardo,
44．
local
cycling
supporter
at
the
New
Urban
Traffic
Union
says:
“Everyone
starts
using
a
bicycle
because
we
have
this
bike
culture
thanks
to
the
Ciclovia.
”
Biking
has
regained
45．
(popular)
around
the
world
as
urban
residents
avoid
using
public
transport
ever
since
the
outbreak
of
coronavirus.
Now,
many
supporters
are
working
with
the
local
government
46．
the
hope
of
turning
these
pandemic
response
measures
into
lasting
changes,
which
will
47．
(dramatical)
change
the
way
people
travel
across
cities.
Next
48．
(come)
the
question
of
how
government
can
keep
citizens
cycling
to
work
once
the
coronavirus
passes.
Local
authorities
need
49．
(improve)
the
bike
networks,
ensuring
that
they
are
well
maintained
even
in
poor
weather.
Plus,
they
can
carry
out
simple
policies
50．
can
encourage
cycling,
including
cutting
down
tax,
reducing
healthcare
costs
or
offering
workers
compensation
packages
that
include
benefits
for
bike
riders.
第三部分
写作（共两节，满分30分）
第一节
短文改错（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）
一、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
?In
my
childhood,
my
parents
sent
me
to
learn
Chinese
calligraphy.
However,
things
are
quite
opposite?to
their
expectations.
Not
only
I
get
bored
with
hours
of
practice
but
also
I
doubted
about
the
valuable
of
it.
Nevertheless,
when
I
entered
high
school,
write
calligraphy
proved
both
essential
or
beneficial.
It
was
at
that
time
when
I
realized
how
important
it
is
to
master
a
certain
skill.
Judging
from
my
own
experience,
I
want
to
say
a
few
word
to
those
children
who
have
a
same
trouble
as
I
did.
Do
not
refuse
to
learn
a
s
第二节
书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，你校正在选拔交换生去英国St.Mary
School学习。请你给英语老师
Mr.Smith
写信推荐自己，要点如下：
1．推荐自己；
2.
自荐理由（性格、能力等方面）。
关注：
1．写作回数应为80左右：
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear
Mr
Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li
Hua
A
这是一篇新闻报道。2019年中国城镇居民平均家庭资产(资产)约为318万元。文章从四个方面对此进行了分析。其中北京居民约为893万元，居全国首位。
1．C
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Distribution
of
household
assets
of
urban
residents中的10.5%
families
have
three
or
more
sets
of
housing.
10.5%家庭拥有三套或三套以上住房。由此可知，超过两套及以上房产的家庭有10.5%。故选C。
2．A
细节理解题。根据第二段Distribution
of
household
assets
of
urban
residents中的
Top
three
regions
with
highest
household
assets
in
China
in
2019
are
Beijing,
Shanghai
and
Jiangsu
province.
2019年中国家庭资产最高的前三个地区是北京、上海和江苏省。由此可知，2019年中国家庭资产最高的地区是北京。故选A。
3．B
推理判断题。根据Household
debt
participation
rate
by
householder's
education
level中的图表可知，家庭债务参与率最高的是有master’s
degree（博士学位）的人，由此可推知，B项（Sun
Yi,
master’s
degree,
35
years
old,
working
in
a
IT
company）可能家庭债务率最高。故选B。
B
这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Jeremy
Locke为Jeanette
MacDonald免费修理屋顶的经历。
4．C
细节理解题。根据第一段“Jeremy
Locke,
who
owns
a
roofing
and
construction
company
in
Glace
Bay,
Nova
Scotia,
had
always
been
wanting
to
repair
the
roof
of
Jeanette
MacDonald's
home.”可知，Jeremy
Locke一直都很想修理Jeanette
MacDonald家的屋顶，A项切合题意。故选A项。
5．C
推理判断题。根据第三段“she
politely
declined
his
offer
because
she
did
not
like
to
accept
charity.”可知，她礼貌地拒绝了Locke的帮助是因为他不想接受免费的帮助，C项切题。故选C项。
6．D
推理判断题。根据第五段中“As
the
stubborn
（固执的）
Canadian
senior
refused
to
accept
any
assistance
from
Locke,
the
sympathetic
construction
worker
played
an
innocent
trick
in
order
to
get
her
to
accept
his
help”可知，因为这位固执的加拿大老人拒绝Locke的帮助，这个有同情心的建筑工人玩了一个善意的伎俩来让她接受帮助，意在表明Locke说了一个善意的谎言使得MacDonald改变了主意，D项切题。故选D项。
7．C
推理判断题。根据第二段中“I
had
it
in
my
mind
that
if
no
one
steps
up
to
help
this
lady
in
our
community,
I’d
be
more
than
happy
to”可知如果没人出面帮这位女士修屋顶，Locke非常愿意帮忙修理，表明Locke乐于助人，很热心。结合下文第五段中“As
the
stubborn
（固执的）
Canadian
senior
refused
to
accept
any
assistance
from
Locke,
the
sympathetic
construction
worker
played
an
innocent
trick
in
order
to
get
her
to
accept
his
help.”可知为了让MacDonald接受帮助，Locke说了一个善意的谎言，意在表明Locke是一个很有决心的人，C项“有决心、热心”符合题意。故选C项。
C
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的。
8．A
细节理解题。根据第二段的Lift
is
the
force
that
keeps
the
gliders
in
the
air.
升力是使滑翔机保持在空中的力。由此可知，如果一个飞行器想要停留在空中，它需要足够的升力，故选A。
9．C
细节理解题。根据第六段的The
forward
movement
that
an
airplane
needs
to
fly
is
called
thrust.
飞机飞行所需要的向前运动叫做推力，由此可知，推力使飞行器在空中向前移动，故选C。
10．D
细节理解题。根据第六段的And
with
more
lift,
an
airplane
can
carry
more
weight
so
an
aircraft
with
an
engine
can
carry
passengers
or
cargo.
随着升力的增加，飞机可以承载更多的重量，所以有引擎的飞机可以承载乘客或货物。由此可知，一架飞机能够携带重物并且飞得很快，这主要是因为它的发动机，故选D。
11．C
主旨大意题。浏览全文以及文章最后一段的People
really
have
learned
how
to
fly人们真的学会了飞行，可知本文主要告诉人们是怎样学会飞行的，故选C。
D
这是一篇说明文。当人们在回答问题前稍做停顿时，即使只有几秒钟，他们的回答也会被认为不如立即回答来得真诚和可信。犹豫的时间越长，回应就显得越不真诚。
12．A
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Across
all
14
experiments,
participants
consistently
rated
delayed
responses
as
less
sincere
regardless
of
the
question.(在所有的14个实验中，参与者一致认为不管问题是什么，延迟的回答都不够真诚)”可知，答案的可靠性取决于响应时间。故选A。
13．C
词句猜测题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“These
results
can
be
applied
to
a
wide
range
of
interactions,
going
from
workplace
chats
to
couples
and
friends
arguing.
Further,
in
job
interviews
and
in
court
hear-ings
and
trials,
people
are
often
tasked
with
judgments
of
sincerity.(这些结果可以应用于广泛的互动，从工作聊天到夫妻和朋友之间的争吵。此外，在工作面试、法庭听证和审判中，人们经常被要求做出真诚的判断)”可知，这些发现有广泛的含义。由此推知，划线词connotations意为“含义”。故选C。
14．A
细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Nevertheless,
on
the
whole,
a
fast
response
seems
to
be
regarded
as
more
sincere,
while
a
response
that
is
delayed
for
even
a
couple
of
seconds
may
be
considered
a
slow
lie.(然而，总的来说，一个快速的反应似乎被认为是更真诚的，而一个反应延迟甚至几秒钟可能被认为是一个缓慢的谎言)”可知，这个研究的结果在我们生活中的影响是这是一种判断诚实与否的考验。故选A。
15．C
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“It
would
be
unfair
for
the
responder,
such
as
a
crime
suspect,
if
the
response
delay
was
sorted
by
mistake
into
thought
control
or
answer
making
up
when
it
was
in
fact
caused
by
a
different
factor,
such
as
simply
being
distracted
or
thoughtful.(如果把反应延迟误归为思想控制或编造答案，而实际上是由于其他原因，如分心或考虑太多，这对应答者来说是不公平的，比如犯罪嫌疑人)”可知，延迟的回答会导致错误的判断。故选C。
【点睛】
做细节题时，用题干直接在文章中进行定位，与题干意思相符的原文或是在原文附近就是答案的位置。如第二题，根据题干What
made
the
flyers
moving
forward
in
the
sky?可定位在原文的第六段的The
forward
movement
that
an
airplane
needs
to
fly
is
called
thrust.既是答案所在。
21.D
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为渴望户外的时光，我与Jimmy叔叔一起去爬山。A.
Hesitant犹豫的；B.
Unwilling不情愿的；C.
Satisfied感到满意的；D.
Eager渴望的。根据后文“to
spend
some
time
outdoors,
I
went
up
the
mountain
with
Uncle
Jimmy”可知阳光明媚的美好天气下，应该是户外游玩的好时候，作者渴望在这样好的日子里去户外，故选D。
22.C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我又累又热，再也走不动了。A.
worried担忧的；
B.
anxious
焦虑的；C.
exhausted感到疲劳的；D.
scared害怕的。根据后文“and
hot,
I
couldn’t
go
any
further”可知，作者最后是因为感到劳累与天气热而放弃这次爬山。故选C。
23.A
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，最后我们下山返回了。A.
Consequently因此；B.
However然而；C.
Meanwhile期间，同时；D.
Furthermore而且。上文提到作者因为感到劳累与天气热走不动，后文则说下山返回了，为因果关系，Consequently符合语境。故选A。
24.B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在下山返回的路上，Jimmy叔叔问了我一个问题
，使我一时无言以对，他说：“你的梦想是什么，小姐？”。A.
caused
引起；B.
left留下；C.
pushed推；D.
brought带来。根据后文“me
speechless
for
a
second”可知，是叔叔的话作者无言以对。短语“leave
sb.
adj”，形容词speechless
作宾补，其他选项无此用法。故选B。
25.B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他笑着给我讲了他自己的故事。A.
career事业；B.
story故事；C.
idea主意；D.
confusion困惑。结合后面讲叔叔上学时的经历，可知是他给作者讲的是他本人的故事，故选B。
26.B
考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生时期他在校表现不好。A.
behave行为；B.
perform表现；C.
respond回应；D.
impress印象。根据后文“well
at
school
when
he
was
a
student”可知，是指学生时期在校表现不好。故选B。
27.C
考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会功，但是他清楚的知道自己的梦想是什么。A.
somebody某人；B.
everybody每人；C.
nobody没有人；D.
anybody任何人。上文提到叔叔在校表现不好，所以是没有人会认为他会成功。故选C。
28.C
考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A.
shortly简短地；
B.
directly直接地；C.
clearly清楚地；D.
rapidly快速地。根据后文“what
his
dream
was
to
be
a”可知，叔叔清楚地知道自己的梦想是做一名商人。故选C。
29.D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有人认为他会成功，但他清楚地知道他的梦想是什么——成为一个商人。A.
chef厨师；B.
scholar学者；C.
deliveryman送货员；
D.
businessman商人。结全下文“I
tried
to
buy
snacks
from
a
nearby
market
and
sell
them
after
class”他卖各种东西可知，他的梦想是做一名商人。故选D。
30.A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道我在学习方面没有天赋。A.
gifted有天赋的；B.
skilled技术娴熟的；C.
diligent勤劳的；D.
knowledgeable有学识的。根据上文“He
didn’t…well
at
school
when
he
was
a
student.
”可知，叔叔在学校表现不好，说明他在学习上没有天赋。故选A。
31.C
考查动词短语辨析。句意：离开学校后，他开始出售不同的商品，以弄清楚哪种商品最能吸引顾客。
A.
make
sure确保；B.
check
in登记入住；C.
figure
out理解，弄明白；D.
count
on依赖。根据后文“which
one
was
most
attractive
to
customers.”可知，此处是指叔叔搞清楚顾客最想买什么，故选C。
32.B
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当然，他的口袋里经常没有钱，但无论生活多么困难，他从不放弃。A.
whatever无论什么；B.
however不管怎样，无论如何；C.
wherever无论哪里；D.
whichever无论哪个。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论多么困难”应用however。故选B。
33.B
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A.
need需要；B.
doubt怀疑；C.
wonder奇迹；D.
possibility可能性。此处为固定句型there
is
no
doubt
that…“毫无疑问……”。故选B。
34.D
考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，一个人如果付出了巨大的努力去实现他或她的目标，他会在某个时候拥有好运。A.
talent天赋；B.
potential潜能；
C.
ambition雄心壮志；D.
effort付出，努力。结合后文“to
reach
his
or
her
goal”以及常识可知，指人要付出努力，才能实现梦想。故选D。
35.D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A.
directed被指导；B.
connected被连接；C.
pulled被拉；D.
involved涉及。结合上文“I
wanted
to
be
a
top
student,
but
the
hard
work”可知，要想成为尖子生，就要涉及到投入艰辛的工作。故选D。
36.A
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想当一名尖子生，但是所涉及的艰辛工作意味着我所做的每件事都要跟随我的激情。A.
passion激情，酷爱的事物；B.
ability能力；C.
strength优点；D.
demand需求。结合上文可知，追求自己的梦想，就该跟随自己内心的激情，做自己喜爱的事物，故选A。
37.A
考查动词词义辨析句意：如果发现自己缺乏意志力，我该怎么办？
A.
lacking缺乏；B.
sharing分享；C.
desiring渴望；D.
possessing拥有。结合上文作者登山半途要返回，可知，作者发现自己缺乏意志力，故选A。
38.C
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不经历攀登，我们怎能享受到顶峰上的风景？A.
grasp抓住；；B.
approach靠近；C.
experience经历；D.
recognize辨认。根据“I
climbed
the
mountain
again
all
by
myself.”可知，只有经历攀爬之艰辛，才有机会领略到顶峰上的美景，故选C。
39.D
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我到达了山顶，迎接我的是温暖的微风和阳光。A.
shocked震惊；B.
amused娱乐；C.
honored荣誉；D.
greeted问候，迎接。根据“I
reached
the
top”以及“by
the
warm
breeze
and
sunshine.”可知，此处作者站在顶峰上，迎接作者的是顶峰的美景，greet符合语境。故选D。
40.A
考查形容词义辨析。句意：没有比这更令人愉快的了。A.
pleasant愉悦的；B.
unexpected意料之外的；C.
relaxing放松的；D.
challenging挑战的。结合通篇全文，作者最后登上了山顶，领略到顶峰上的美景，战胜自己，明白了叔叔的鼓励，为追求梦想，坚定了自己的意志力，所以此时的内心感觉是愉悦的。故选A。
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍波哥大有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声，然而它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。
41．worst
考查形容词最高级。句意：一方面，这个城市有着世界上交通最糟糕的坏名声。前面有范围，所以用形容词最高级作定语。故填
worst。
42．is
considered
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，另一方面，它的自行车基础设施被认为是可持续的城市交通模式。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态。consider和句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数。故填is
considered。
43．encouraging
考查现在分词。句意：这个城市甚至有一项专门运动名为
Ciclovia，鼓励1500万人在每个周日早上在无车街道上骑行128公里。encourage和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
encouraging。
44．a
考查冠词。句意：新城市交通联盟(New
Urban
Traffic
Union)的当地自行车支持者卡洛斯帕尔多(
Carlos
Pardo)说：“每个人都开始使用自行车，因为多亏了
Ciclovia，我们才有了这种自行车文化。”泛指一个，所以用不定冠词。故填a。
45．popularity
考查名词的数。句意：自冠状病毒爆发以来，随着城市居民避免使用公共交通工具，自行车在世界各地重新流行起来。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填popularity。
46．with
考查介词。句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。
with
the
hope
of抱着……的希望。故填with。
47．dramatically
考查副词。句意：现在，许多支持者正在与当地政府合作，希望将这些应对疫情的措施转化为持久的变化，这将极大地改变人们在城市中穿行的方式。修饰动词，所以用副词。故填dramatically。
48．comes
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：接下来的问题是，一旦新冠肺炎过去，政府如何让公民骑自行车上班。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，主语为单数名词
the
question，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填
comes。
49．to
improve
考查非谓语动词。句意：当地政府需要改善自行车网络，确保它们即使在恶劣天气也能得到良好的维护。need
to
do
sth.需要做某事。故填to
improve。
50．which/that
考查定语从句。句意：此外，他们还可以实施一些鼓励骑车的简单政策，包括减税、降低医疗成本或向员工提供包括骑车者福利在内的补偿方案。先行词为物，在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
①考查动词的时态。由上下文可知此处应用一般过去时,故将are改为were。
②考查倒装句。在not
only...but
also...结构中,若not
only置于句首,含not
only的分句用部分倒装;根据上下文的时态可知,在主语I前加助动词did构成倒装。
③?考査名词。此处表示“书法练习的价值”,应将形容词valuable改为其名词形式value.
④?考查非谓语动词动名词。短语writing
calligraphy作主语。
⑤?考查并列连词。both...and...是习惯搭配。
⑥?考查强调句。此句在对时间状语at
that
time进行强调,根据强调句的结构
“It
is/was+被强调部分+that+其他成分”可知,应将when改为that
⑦?考查名词。word表示“言语,话”时是可数名词,a
few提示word应使用复数形式。
⑧?考査冠词。形容词same前习惯搭配定冠词the。
⑨?考査介词短语.
in
the
long
run是固定短语,意为“从长远来看”.
⑩?考査代词。此处代词指代上文中的a
skill,故将them改为it。
Dear
Mr
Smith,
More
than
thrilled,
I'm
writing
to
recommend
myself
for
the
exchange
student
program.
With
a
mild
and
outgoing
personality,
coupled
with
my
independent
character,
I
find
myself
confident
to
blend
into
any
new
and
challenging
environment,
let
alone
an
alien
one.
Besides,
the
sound
academic
performance
in
every
subject,
English
in
particular,
allows
me
the
competence
to
handle
any
task
to
be
assigned
in
the
project.
I
have
always
longed
for
a
chance
to
experience
foreign
cultures,
hence
feeling
it
a
must
to
grasp
this
opportunity
to
present
myself.
And
you
may
rest
assured
that
I
won't
fail
you.
Thanks
for
your
time.
Your
favorable
consideration
will
be
highly
appreciated.
Li
Hua
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语老师
Mr.Smith
写信推荐自己，争取成为交换生，去英国St.Mary
School学习。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
兴奋的：excited→
thrilled
加上：together
with→
coupled
with
融入：fit
into→
blend
into
渴望：desire→
long
for
因此：thus→
hence
抓住：catch→
grasp
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I
have
always
longed
for
a
chance
to
experience
foreign
cultures,
hence
feeling
it
a
must
to
grasp
this
opportunity
to
present
myself.
拓展句：I
have
always
longed
for
a
chance
to
experience
foreign
cultures,
which
makes
it
a
must
to
grasp
this
opportunity
to
present
myself.
【点睛】
[高分句型1]
More
than
thrilled,
I'm
writing
to
recommend
myself
for
the
exchange
student
program.（运用了形容词作方式状语）
[高分句型2]
And
you
may
rest
assured
that
I
won't
fail
you.（运用了由that引导的宾语从句作rest
assured的宾语）