人教（2019）版高中英语必修第一册第welcome单元限时练
时间：50分钟
分值：100
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节
(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑
A
Denver
Vacation
Packages
Day
1
Your
journey
begins
when
you
arrive
at
Denver
International
Airport.
We'll
take
you
to
some
of
Denver's
famous
attractions
including
Red
Rocks
Park,
Colorado
State
Capitol
and
the
16th
Street
Mall.
Day
2
We'll
start
the
day
by
driving
north
from
Denver
into
Wyoming
and
through
Cheyenne
to
see
the
Crazy
Horse
Memorial.
We'll
also
visit
Mt.
Rushmore
and
Devils
Tower
before
retiring
for
the
evening
in
Gillette.
Day
3
On
this
day
we'll
arrive
at
the
high
point
of
the
tour:
Yellowstone
National
Park.
It
is
home
to
all
manner
of
wildlife.
There
you
will
see
some
of
the
park's
most
popular
attractions
like
Old
Faithful,
Yellowstone
Lake.
Accommodations
for
the
evening
are
in
West
Yellowstone.
Day
4
Relax
and
enjoy
a
scenic
drive
through
Yellowstone
National
Park,
following
the
Snake
River
to
Grand
Teton
National
Park.
Afterwards
we'll
visit
Jackson,
where
the
old
West
way
of
life
is
still
alive.
Day
5
In
the
morning
we'll
drive
from
Salt
Lake
City
to
the
Utah
State
Capitol,
and
then
visit
the
Salt
Lake
Temple,
making
a
stop
at
Great
Salt
Lake
Meridian
before
heading
to
beautiful
Arches
National
Park.
We'll
stay
overnight
in
Grand
Junction.
Day
6
We'll
drive
up
into
the
Rocky
Mountains,
which
were
home
first
to
indigenous
(土生土长的)
peoples
and
famous
for
hunting,
in
the
morning
and
cross
the
Continental
Divide.
We'll
arrive
at
the
Coors
Brewery
around
noon
and
join
a
guided
tour
of
the
brewery.
All
those
over
21
years
of
age
will
be
able
to
sample
three
different
types
of
freshly
made
beer.
1.
What
is
the
most
interesting
part
of
the
tour?
A.
Red
Rocks
Park.
B.
Arches
National
Park.
C.
Grand
Teton
National
Park.
D.
Yellowstone
National
Park.
2.
When
can
people
experience
the
ancient
western
lifestyle?
A.
On
Day
l．
B.
On
Day
2.
C.
On
Day
4.
D.
On
Day
5.
3.
What
can
tourists
do
on
Day
6?
A.
Taste
various
beers
freely.
B.
Go
hunting
with
the
locals.
C.
Watch
wild
animals
closely.
D.
Pay
a
visit
to
a
beer
factory.
B
He
must
have
had
that
nice
window
seat
all
the
way
from
London.
An
Indian,
he
looked
under
40,
medium
height,
slim
and
wore
a
suit.
I
got
an
aisle
seat
next
to
him.
I
looked
at
him
and
tried
to
smile
as
I
sat
down.
But
there
was
a
blank,
distant
look
that
made
me
stop
mid-smile.
One
of
those,
I
thought.
Each
time
I
take
a
flight,
I
try
to
chat
with
a
fellow
passenger.
Most
people
are
responsive
when
they’re
alone
at
40,000
feet.
But
the
man
wearing
the
suit
on
my
left
was
a
puzzle.
One
of
those
non-resident
Indians,
I
thought.
What
do
you
lose
if
you
just
smiled
at
a
fellow
human
being?
Most
of
the
time,
he
stared
fixedly
at
the
seat
in
front
of
him.
Why
are
some
people
so
full
of
themselves?
When
the
stewardess
brought
lunch,
the
unfriendly
man
had
his
eyes
shut.
She
gave
me
a
should-I-wake-him-up
look.
I
didn’t
say
anything,
and
he
didn’t
get
his
lunch.
Serves
him
right.
He
soon
woke
up
and
saw
me
eat.
But
he
didn’t
ask
for
his
meal.
He
could
just
have
pressed
a
button.
That’s
his
problem.
We
still
have
almost
two
hours
of
flying
left.
I
read
a
magazine.
I
try
to
play
a
video
game.
I
listen
to
music.
He
does
nothing.
At
times
our
eyes
meet,
but
he
isn’t
all
there.
He’s
like
no
other
passenger
I’ve
ever
sat
next
to.
By
the
time
our
jet
lands
in
Mumbai,
I
find
his
presence
almost
uncomfortable.
As
we
taxi
down
the
runway,
I
hear
the
man
speak
for
the
first
time—on
his
mobile
phone.
He
seems
to
be
discussing
his
connecting
flight.
About
somebody
receiving
him…
Just
before
the
aircraft
comes
to
a
halt,
he’s
the
first
to
stand
up.
“Excuse
me,”
he
says
to
me.
“May
I
leave?
I
can’t
miss
my
connecting
flight.”
Hmm…!
I
get
up
to
make
way
for
him
when
he
goes
on
mechanically,
“My
wife
and
child
died
in
a
road
accident
in
Delhi.”
I’m
shocked
by
his
words.
Suddenly,
everything
falls
in
place.
Despite
his
terrible
loss
and
the
sufferings
he
has
been
enduring,
he
was
calm,
controlled
throughout.
And,
maybe,
in
the
midst
of
his
soul-crushing
sorrow,
he
didn’t
want
to
burden
a
stranger
with
his
pain.
4.
How
does
the
author
find
the
passenger
in
a
suit
sitting
close
by
during
the
flight?
A.
Dangerous.
B.
Angry.
C.
Troublesome.
D.
Dull.
5.
Which
statement
is
true
according
to
the
text?
A.
The
author
was
guilty
of
not
informing
the
man
of
the
lunch
service.
B.
The
man
showed
little
interest
in
the
author’s
attempt
to
make
acquaintances.
C.
The
man
refused
to
talk
on
the
plane
because
he
had
trouble
connecting
the
flights.
D.
A
car
crash
cost
the
man
his
beloved
family
in
Mumbai.
6.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
mean?
A.
Everything
goes
wrong
to
a
certain
extent.
B.
The
man’s
strangeness
has
an
understandable
reason.
C.
Everyone
on
board
feels
sorry
for
mistaking
the
man.
D.
All
passengers
make
way
for
the
man.
7.
What
lessons
did
the
author
learn
in
the
end?
A.
Never
assume
until
you
walk
in
the
other’s
shoes.
B.
Nothing
is
so
certain
as
the
unexpected.
C.
What’s
done
cannot
be
undone.
D.
Let
bygones
be
bygones.
C
Thinking
of
getting
your
child
to
take
up
a
sport
that
involves
a
coach
or
instructor?
There
is
a
piece
of
good
news.
A
new
study
finds
that
children
who
join
in
organized
physical
activities
at
a
young
age
are
less
likely
to
have
emotional
difficulties
by
the
time
they
turn
12.
“The
primary
school
years
are
a
critical
time
in
child
development,”
said
Frédéric
N.
Brière,
a
professor
of
psycho-education
who
led
the
study.
And
every
parent
wants
to
raise
a
well-adjusted
(适应性强的)
child.
Besides
keeping
children
from
sitting
for
long,
physical
activities,
such
as
structured
sports,
have
the
potential
physical
and
mental
benefits,
Brière
believes,
something
parents
seem
to
know
instinctively
(直觉地).
“We
followed
a
large
representative
population
of
typically
developing
Canadian
children
over
time
to
examine
whether
consistent
participation
in
organized
sports
from
ages
6
to
10
would
lessen
risks
associated
with
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
social
withdrawal
(不合群)
at
age
12,
said
Brière.
“Our
goal
was
to
test
this
question
as
critically
as
possible
by
excluding
pre-existing
child
or
family
conditions
that
could
offer
a
different
explanation.”
To
do
this.
Brière
and
his
team
examined
data
from
children
born
in
1997
or
1998.
From
ages
6
to
10,
mothers
reported
whether
their
child
participated
in
organized
physical
activities.
At
age
12,
teachers
reported
on
the
child's
levels
of
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
and
social
withdrawal
at
school.
“The
results
revealed
that
children
who
participated
in
sports
consistently
from
ages
6
to
10
showed
fewer
cases
of
those
factors
at
age
12
than
their
peers
who
did
not
engage
in
physical
activities
in
a
consistent
way,”
said
Brière.
“We
found
these
benefits
above
and
beyond
pre-existing
individual
and
family
characteristics.”
Brière
concluded,
“Getting
kids
actively
involved
in
organized
sports
seems
to
promote
global
development.
This
involvement
appears
to
be
good
on
a
socio-emotional
level
apart
from
the
physical
benefits
it
brings.
Being
less
emotionally
troubled
between
primary
and
high
school
is
a
priceless
benefit
for
children
,as
they
are
about
to
enter
a
much
larger
universe
with
bigger
academic
challenges.
8.
What
does
Brière's
study
show
about
doing
sports?
A.
It
helps
children
improve
study
efficiency.
B.
It
improves
children's
personality
development.
C.
It
strengthens
children’s
relationship
with
their
parents
D.
It
helps
prevent
children
from
having
emotional
problems.
9.
What
can
we
know
about
the
study
process?
A
It
investigates
children
from
similar
backgrounds.
B.
It
takes
children's
personal
habits
into
consideration.
C.
It
focuses
on
how
children
fit
in
with
the
environment.
D.
It
requires
cooperation
from
children's
parents
and
teachers.
10.
What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Children’s
personal
and
family
characteristics.
B.
Children’s
performances
in
the
study.
C.
Children’s
emotional
problems.
D.
Children’s
daily
activities.
11.
Why
is
emotional
health
important
to
children
in
the
years
between
primary
and
high
school?
A.
They
are
too
busy
to
participate
in
sports.
B.
They
go
through
a
quick
development.
C.
They
will
soon
face
great
academic
stress.
D.
They
are
more
likely
to
have
mental
problems.
D
If
you
feel
like
you
can't
even
consider
consuming
a
candy
bar
without
checking
its
caloric
content,
you're
right.
The
same
thing
goes
for
just
about
every
piece
of
packaged
food
you
see
in
stores,
plus
every
bottled
or
canned
beverage:
A
Nutrition
Facts
label
shows
detailed
information
on
the
amounts
of
fat,
sugar,
sodium
and
more
found
inside.
But
while
your
favorite
sodas
and
sandwich
fixings
have
this
type
of
in-your-face
transparency,
you
may
have
noticed
that
alcohol
is
not
the
case.
Why?
The
answer
lies
in
the
powers
behind
that.
While
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
regulates
the
safety
of
food,
including
non-alcoholic
beverages,
it
doesn't
govern
the
alcohol
industry.
It
is
because
of
the
Alcohol
and
Tobacco
Tax
and
Trade
Bureau(TTB),
an
agency
that
doesn't
require
labeling.
The
reasons
behind
different
labeling
requirements
of
the
FDA
and
TTB
go
back
to
Prohibition.
While
beer,
wine
and
spirits
companies
aren't
legally
required
to
print
the
nutritional
information
on
their
products,
consumer
advocates
have
been
calling
for
the
TTB
to
change
that.
And
it
has,
sort
of.
In
2013,the
TTB
made
nutrition
labels
optional
for
alcohol.
But
some
health
experts
don't
feel
the
move
was
brave
enough.
Sara
Bleich,
a
public
health
researcher,
said,
“Many
adults
take
in
a
lot
of
calories
from
alcohol,
and
they
have
no
idea.”
Her
work
revealed
that
the
average
American
regularly
consumes
400
calories
a
day
from
alcohol
alone.
The
public
should
be
given
the
power
to
make
informed
decisions
about
their
health.
At
present,
substances
that
people
might
be
sensitive
to
have
to
be
labeled,
but
other
ingredients
do
not.
Wines
that
contain
14
percent
alcohol
or
more
have
to
display
alcohol
content,
while
wines
from
7
to
14
percent
don't
have
to
list
alcohol
content.
What
about
wines
with
less
than
7
percent
alcohol?
Those
aren't
regulated
by
the
TTB
at
all—those
are
under
the
control
of
the
FDA
and
so
they're
required
to
display
Nutrition
Facts
labels.
Change
is
going
on
though,
at
least
the
beer
industry
has
agreed
to
voluntarily
display
nutrition
facts
next
year.
Cheers!
12.
What
does
Paragraph
2
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
reason
why
alcohol
is
free
of
labeling.
B.
The
different
responsibilities
of
the
FDA
and
TTB.
C.
The
influence
of
Prohibition
on
the
food
industry.
D.
The
historical
background
of
the
TTB's
establishment.
13.
What
did
the
TTB
encourage
the
alcohol
industry
to
do
in
response
to
consumer
advocates?
A.
Make
alcohol
products
more
affordable.
B.
Label
alcohol
products
with
nutrition
facts.
C.
Add
more
nutritional
elements
to
alcohol
products.
D.
Give
consumers
a
variety
of
options
for
alcohol
products.
14.
What
was
Sara
Bleich's
attitude
towards
alcohol
labeling?
A.
Approving.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Concerned.
D.
Ambiguous.
15.
What
can
be
inferred
about
the
current
labeling
rules?
A.
They
are
outdated.
B.
They
are
unnecessary.
C.
They
might
make
people
sensitive.
D.
They
are
a
bit
messy
and
complicated.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Encouraging
Positive
Relationships
Choosing
one’s
friends
is
an
important
part
of
growing
up.
And
although
you
can’t
choose
your
children’s
friends,
you
can
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
relationships
they
make
throughout
their
formative
years.
Use
the
following
strategies
to
help
your
children
to
build
positive
relationships
with
their
friends.●
Encourage
diversity._____16_____In
addition
to
exposing
your
kids
to
more
diversity,
it
will
also
help
them
learn
more
about
themselves.●
Avoid
criticism.
Avoid
criticizing
friendships,
but
be
honest
with
your
kids
when
you’re
concerned._____17_____This
may
make
them
defensive
and
less
receptive
to
what
you
have
to
say.
Do
be
open
and
willing
to
listen
to
what
they
have
to
say,
and
talk
about
what
makes
you
nervous.●____18____If
you
feel
that
one
of
your
child’s
friends
is
having
a
negative
influence
on
him,
invite
that
friend
to
spend
time
with
you
and
your
child
together
so
that
you
can
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
relationship.●
Engage
in
community
service.
Engage
your
family
in
service
and
volunteering
(or
join
a
social
group)
through
a
local
church,
school,
or
other
nonprofit
organization._____19_____●____20____When
talking
about
a
friend
who
has
a
negative
influence
on
your
child,
focus
your
comments
on
that
friend’s
behaviors,
not
on
her
personality.
For
example,
instead
of
calling
your
child’s
friend
irresponsible
for
smoking,
you
could
point
out
that
the
behavior
has
a
negative
effect
on
her
health
and
recommend
ways
for
your
child
to
help
her
quit.
A
Offer
advice.
B.
Get
involved.
C.
Don’t
condemn
your
child’s
friends.
D.
Help
your
kids
find
the
group
that
they
fit
with.
E.
These
events
can
be
great
places
to
meet
new
friends.
F.
It’s
important
to
develop
positive
relationships
with
family
members
as
well.
G.
Challenge
your
children
to
get
to
know
kids
from
many
different
backgrounds.
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
had
to
work
as
a
substitute
teacher
(代课老师)
before
finding
a
full-time
teaching
job.
One
day,
I
____21____my
first
substitute
job
at
a
school.
The
___22___
said
that
I
had
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00
am
when
I
would
sign
in.
As
it
was
my
___23___
day
at
this
school,
I
made
sure
of
leaving
plenty
of
___24___
to
get
to
school.
I
got
up
early
so
I
___25___
at
the
school
at
about
7:50
am.
I
sat
in
my
car
for
ten
minutes
playing
with
my
phone
to
___26___
time.
Then
I
walked
into
the
teaching
building
and
up
to
the
reception
(接待)
desk
at
8:00.
When
I
told
the
receptionist
my
___27___
,
she
shouted
at
me
for
being
___28___
and
said
that
the
headmaster
was
managing
the
class
until
I
___29___.
I
said
the
email
I
received
____30____
told
me
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00,
but
the
receptionist
said
what
I
said
was
a(n)
____31____.
I
finally
gave
up
trying
to
____32____
with
her,
went
up
to
the
classroom,
and
took
over
the
class
from
the
____33____.
During
the
____34____,
I
was
sitting
in
the
office
when
the
headmaster
____35____
and
asked
why
I
was
late.
I
____36____
that
the
email
had
given
the
wrong
information.
He
said
that
even
though
that
was
what
the
email
said,
I
____37____
should
have
gotten
to
school
before
8:00
am
because
that’s
what
____38____
people
do,
in
case
something
unexpected
might
happen.
The
headmaster’s
____39____
had
a
strong
influence
on
me,
and
then
I
____40____
to
become
a
smart
person.
Since
then
I
have
never
been
late
for
school.
21.
A.
created
B.
lost
C.
did
D.
got
22.
A.
email
B.
pack
C.
call
D.
report
23.
A.
busy
B.
big
C.
first
D.
hard
24.
A.
power
B.
time
C.
money
D.
space
25.
A.
arrived
B.
taught
C.
pointed
D.
shouted
26.
A.
set
B.
check
C.
save
D.
kill
27.
A.
survey
B.
number
C.
name
D.
address
28.
A.
polite
B.
careless
C.
strong
D.
late
29.
A.
gave
in
B.
looked
around
C.
showed
up
D.
dropped
out
30.
A.
clearly
B.
repeatedly
C.
openly
D.
usually
31.
A.
trap
B.
result
C.
excuse
D.
fact
32.
A.
agree
B.
argue
C.
go
D.
compare
33.
A.
guard
B.
student
C.
professor
D.
headmaster
34.
A.
rest
B.
training
C.
study
D.
meeting
35.
A.
stopped
B.
escaped
C.
entered
D.
laughed
36.
A.
remembered
B.
explained
C.
guessed
D.
hoped
37.
A.
only
B.
still
C.
even
D.
almost
38.
A.
funny
B.
honest
C.
kind
D.
clever
39.
A.
spelling
B.
words
C.
suffering
D.
books
40.
A.
decided
B.
happened
C.
failed
D.
refused
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
.
Smell,
more
than
any
other
sense,
is
deeply
rooted
in
memory.
It
is
believed
by
scientists
___41___
smells
can
recall
feelings
of
distant
memories.
The
scientists
say
___42___
area
of
the
brain
assigns
memories
to
smells
and
stores
___43___
(they)
for
decades.
The
area
can
instantly
recall
the
memories
with
great
clearness
years
later
if
a
person
encounters
the
smell
again.
Christina
Strauch,
from
the
Ruhr
University
in
Germany,
says
smells
___44___(store)
in
the
olfactory
brain.
The
word
“olfactory”
means
anything
related
___45___
the
sense
of
smell.
Many
smells
can
transport
us
back
to
our
childhood.
Smells
from
cookies
baking
in
the
kitchen
or
the
smell
of
a
home?made
dish
can
bring
back
___46___(amaze)
memories
of
growing
up.
Some
smells
can
take
you
away
to
another
point
in
time.
Some
smells
can
make
you
wish
you
___47___
(be)
back
in
the
past,
or
make
you
want
to
escape,
which
depends
on
whether
the
smell
has
a
positive
or
negative
___48___
(associate).
Some
doctors
partly
depend
on
this
for
their
patients.
Smells
can
even
encourage
you
___49___
(buy)
things
in
stores.
Many
stores
introduce
certain
smells
to
awake
particular
memories,
____50____
can
make
people
buy
things
they
loved
years
ago.人教（2019）版高中英语必修第一册第welcome单元限时练
时间：50分钟
分值：100
第一部分
阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节
(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑
A
Denver
Vacation
Packages
Day
1
Your
journey
begins
when
you
arrive
at
Denver
International
Airport.
We'll
take
you
to
some
of
Denver's
famous
attractions
including
Red
Rocks
Park,
Colorado
State
Capitol
and
the
16th
Street
Mall.
Day
2
We'll
start
the
day
by
driving
north
from
Denver
into
Wyoming
and
through
Cheyenne
to
see
the
Crazy
Horse
Memorial.
We'll
also
visit
Mt.
Rushmore
and
Devils
Tower
before
retiring
for
the
evening
in
Gillette.
Day
3
On
this
day
we'll
arrive
at
the
high
point
of
the
tour:
Yellowstone
National
Park.
It
is
home
to
all
manner
of
wildlife.
There
you
will
see
some
of
the
park's
most
popular
attractions
like
Old
Faithful,
Yellowstone
Lake.
Accommodations
for
the
evening
are
in
West
Yellowstone.
Day
4
Relax
and
enjoy
a
scenic
drive
through
Yellowstone
National
Park,
following
the
Snake
River
to
Grand
Teton
National
Park.
Afterwards
we'll
visit
Jackson,
where
the
old
West
way
of
life
is
still
alive.
Day
5
In
the
morning
we'll
drive
from
Salt
Lake
City
to
the
Utah
State
Capitol,
and
then
visit
the
Salt
Lake
Temple,
making
a
stop
at
Great
Salt
Lake
Meridian
before
heading
to
beautiful
Arches
National
Park.
We'll
stay
overnight
in
Grand
Junction.
Day
6
We'll
drive
up
into
the
Rocky
Mountains,
which
were
home
first
to
indigenous
(土生土长的)
peoples
and
famous
for
hunting,
in
the
morning
and
cross
the
Continental
Divide.
We'll
arrive
at
the
Coors
Brewery
around
noon
and
join
a
guided
tour
of
the
brewery.
All
those
over
21
years
of
age
will
be
able
to
sample
three
different
types
of
freshly
made
beer.
1.
What
is
the
most
interesting
part
of
the
tour?
A.
Red
Rocks
Park.
B.
Arches
National
Park.
C.
Grand
Teton
National
Park.
D.
Yellowstone
National
Park.
2.
When
can
people
experience
the
ancient
western
lifestyle?
A.
On
Day
l．
B.
On
Day
2.
C.
On
Day
4.
D.
On
Day
5.
3.
What
can
tourists
do
on
Day
6?
A.
Taste
various
beers
freely.
B.
Go
hunting
with
the
locals.
C.
Watch
wild
animals
closely.
D.
Pay
a
visit
to
a
beer
factory.
【答案】1.
D
2.
C
3.
D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了以Denver为起点的一个六日游的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day
3部分中的“On
this
day
we'll
arrive
at
the
high
point
of
the
tour:
Yellowstone
National
Park”可知，旅途中最精彩的部分是黄石国家公园。本题的难点在于考生能否准确理解本句中“high
point”的含义，其在此意为“最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分”。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day
4部分中的“Afterwards
we'll
visit
Jackson,
where
the
old
West
way
of
life
is
still
alive”可知，Jackson仍然保有古老的美国西部的生活方式。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Day
6部分中的“We'll
arrive
at
the
Coors
Brewery
around
noon
and
join
a
guided
tour
of
the
brewery”可知，在第六天时，游客可以参观一个啤酒厂。故选D项。
【点睛】解答阅读理解题，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．例如小题1考查细节理解。根据Day
3部分中的“On
this
day
we'll
arrive
at
the
high
point
of
the
tour:
Yellowstone
National
Park”可知，旅途中最精彩的部分是黄石国家公园。本题的难点在于考生能否准确理解本句中“high
point”的含义，其在此意为“最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分”。
故选D项。
B
He
must
have
had
that
nice
window
seat
all
the
way
from
London.
An
Indian,
he
looked
under
40,
medium
height,
slim
and
wore
a
suit.
I
got
an
aisle
seat
next
to
him.
I
looked
at
him
and
tried
to
smile
as
I
sat
down.
But
there
was
a
blank,
distant
look
that
made
me
stop
mid-smile.
One
of
those,
I
thought.
Each
time
I
take
a
flight,
I
try
to
chat
with
a
fellow
passenger.
Most
people
are
responsive
when
they’re
alone
at
40,000
feet.
But
the
man
wearing
the
suit
on
my
left
was
a
puzzle.
One
of
those
non-resident
Indians,
I
thought.
What
do
you
lose
if
you
just
smiled
at
a
fellow
human
being?
Most
of
the
time,
he
stared
fixedly
at
the
seat
in
front
of
him.
Why
are
some
people
so
full
of
themselves?
When
the
stewardess
brought
lunch,
the
unfriendly
man
had
his
eyes
shut.
She
gave
me
a
should-I-wake-him-up
look.
I
didn’t
say
anything,
and
he
didn’t
get
his
lunch.
Serves
him
right.
He
soon
woke
up
and
saw
me
eat.
But
he
didn’t
ask
for
his
meal.
He
could
just
have
pressed
a
button.
That’s
his
problem.
We
still
have
almost
two
hours
of
flying
left.
I
read
a
magazine.
I
try
to
play
a
video
game.
I
listen
to
music.
He
does
nothing.
At
times
our
eyes
meet,
but
he
isn’t
all
there.
He’s
like
no
other
passenger
I’ve
ever
sat
next
to.
By
the
time
our
jet
lands
in
Mumbai,
I
find
his
presence
almost
uncomfortable.
As
we
taxi
down
the
runway,
I
hear
the
man
speak
for
the
first
time—on
his
mobile
phone.
He
seems
to
be
discussing
his
connecting
flight.
About
somebody
receiving
him…
Just
before
the
aircraft
comes
to
a
halt,
he’s
the
first
to
stand
up.
“Excuse
me,”
he
says
to
me.
“May
I
leave?
I
can’t
miss
my
connecting
flight.”
Hmm…!
I
get
up
to
make
way
for
him
when
he
goes
on
mechanically,
“My
wife
and
child
died
in
a
road
accident
in
Delhi.”
I’m
shocked
by
his
words.
Suddenly,
everything
falls
in
place.
Despite
his
terrible
loss
and
the
sufferings
he
has
been
enduring,
he
was
calm,
controlled
throughout.
And,
maybe,
in
the
midst
of
his
soul-crushing
sorrow,
he
didn’t
want
to
burden
a
stranger
with
his
pain.
4.
How
does
the
author
find
the
passenger
in
a
suit
sitting
close
by
during
the
flight?
A.
Dangerous.
B.
Angry.
C.
Troublesome.
D.
Dull.
5.
Which
statement
is
true
according
to
the
text?
A.
The
author
was
guilty
of
not
informing
the
man
of
the
lunch
service.
B.
The
man
showed
little
interest
in
the
author’s
attempt
to
make
acquaintances.
C.
The
man
refused
to
talk
on
the
plane
because
he
had
trouble
connecting
the
flights.
D.
A
car
crash
cost
the
man
his
beloved
family
in
Mumbai.
6.
What
does
the
underlined
sentence
mean?
A.
Everything
goes
wrong
to
a
certain
extent.
B.
The
man’s
strangeness
has
an
understandable
reason.
C.
Everyone
on
board
feels
sorry
for
mistaking
the
man.
D.
All
passengers
make
way
for
the
man.
7.
What
lessons
did
the
author
learn
in
the
end?
A.
Never
assume
until
you
walk
in
the
other’s
shoes.
B.
Nothing
is
so
certain
as
the
unexpected.
C.
What’s
done
cannot
be
undone.
D.
Let
bygones
be
bygones.
【答案】4.
D
5.
B
6.
B
7.
A
【解析】
本文为夹叙夹议文。作者在飞机上的邻座是一个穿西装的男子，一路上非常奇怪，不愿与人交流，眼光呆滞，即使与他偶尔对视，也似乎什么也看不见，我觉得他无趣。最后却知道他的妻子孩子在事故中死去，正值巨大的痛苦之中，但他却一直保持镇定，不想给别人带来痛苦负担。作者最后得到的教训是要设身处地的为别人着想。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。文中作者用了许多细节来描述坐在旁边穿西装的乘客。如第一段中的作者对他微笑，但他却给作者一种冷漠的，茫然的眼神。第二段描述这个乘客说Most
of
the
time,
he
stared
fixedly
at
the
seat
in
front
of
him.大部分时间他盯着前面的座位，这和平常坐飞机的人不一样，第四段根据He
does
nothing.
At
times
our
eyes
meet,
but
he
isn’t
all
there.
He’s
like
no
other
passenger
I’ve
ever
sat
next
to可知，他坐在那儿无所事事，偶尔与他对视，他也像是什么也看不见。根据这几处可推断出作者认为这个人很无趣的，有点呆滞的。分析选项，Dangerous危险的；Angry生气的；Troublesome令人烦恼的，引起麻烦的；Dull无趣的；呆滞的。由此可推断出D项正确，故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的I
looked
at
him
and
tried
to
smile
as
I
sat
down.
But
there
was
a
blank,
distant
look
that
made
me
stop
mid-smile.可知，作者对他微笑但这个人对他却是表情漠然的，由此可知这个男子对于作者想认识他没有一点兴趣。第四段根据He
does
nothing.
At
times
our
eyes
meet,
but
he
isn’t
all
there.
He’s
like
no
other
passenger
I’ve
ever
sat
next
to可知，他坐在那儿无所事事，偶尔与他对视，他也像是什么也看不见。由此可判断出B项正确。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。前面描述了邻座的男子一路上对人一直冷漠，即使和他对视也旁若无人，作者认为他和平常的坐飞机的人不一样，不想与人交谈，作者一直认为他是一个无趣的人，最后才知他的孩子和妻子死于事故中。到此时作者知道他一路上的心不在焉联系在一起。分析原因可知B项（这个人的奇怪有一个可以理解的原因）
【7题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段作者认为尽管这个男子遭受了巨大的痛苦，但他始终保持冷静。也许，在他内心痛苦的悲伤中，他不想用痛苦来负担陌生人。所以我们要设身处地的为别人着想.。A项（设身处地的为别人着想）；B项（天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福）；C项（覆水难收，木已成舟）；D项（过去的就让它过去），故A项符合题意。
C
Thinking
of
getting
your
child
to
take
up
a
sport
that
involves
a
coach
or
instructor?
There
is
a
piece
of
good
news.
A
new
study
finds
that
children
who
join
in
organized
physical
activities
at
a
young
age
are
less
likely
to
have
emotional
difficulties
by
the
time
they
turn
12.
“The
primary
school
years
are
a
critical
time
in
child
development,”
said
Frédéric
N.
Brière,
a
professor
of
psycho-education
who
led
the
study.
And
every
parent
wants
to
raise
a
well-adjusted
(适应性强的)
child.
Besides
keeping
children
from
sitting
for
long,
physical
activities,
such
as
structured
sports,
have
the
potential
physical
and
mental
benefits,
Brière
believes,
something
parents
seem
to
know
instinctively
(直觉地).
“We
followed
a
large
representative
population
of
typically
developing
Canadian
children
over
time
to
examine
whether
consistent
participation
in
organized
sports
from
ages
6
to
10
would
lessen
risks
associated
with
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
social
withdrawal
(不合群)
at
age
12,
said
Brière.
“Our
goal
was
to
test
this
question
as
critically
as
possible
by
excluding
pre-existing
child
or
family
conditions
that
could
offer
a
different
explanation.”
To
do
this.
Brière
and
his
team
examined
data
from
children
born
in
1997
or
1998.
From
ages
6
to
10,
mothers
reported
whether
their
child
participated
in
organized
physical
activities.
At
age
12,
teachers
reported
on
the
child's
levels
of
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
and
social
withdrawal
at
school.
“The
results
revealed
that
children
who
participated
in
sports
consistently
from
ages
6
to
10
showed
fewer
cases
of
those
factors
at
age
12
than
their
peers
who
did
not
engage
in
physical
activities
in
a
consistent
way,”
said
Brière.
“We
found
these
benefits
above
and
beyond
pre-existing
individual
and
family
characteristics.”
Brière
concluded,
“Getting
kids
actively
involved
in
organized
sports
seems
to
promote
global
development.
This
involvement
appears
to
be
good
on
a
socio-emotional
level
apart
from
the
physical
benefits
it
brings.
Being
less
emotionally
troubled
between
primary
and
high
school
is
a
priceless
benefit
for
children,as
they
are
about
to
enter
a
much
larger
universe
with
bigger
academic
challenges.
8.
What
does
Brière's
study
show
about
doing
sports?
A.
It
helps
children
improve
study
efficiency.
B.
It
improves
children's
personality
development.
C.
It
strengthens
children’s
relationship
with
their
parents
D.
It
helps
prevent
children
from
having
emotional
problems.
9.
What
can
we
know
about
the
study
process?
A
It
investigates
children
from
similar
backgrounds.
B.
It
takes
children's
personal
habits
into
consideration.
C.
It
focuses
on
how
children
fit
in
with
the
environment.
D.
It
requires
cooperation
from
children's
parents
and
teachers.
10.
What
does
the
underlined
part
in
Paragraph
4
refer
to?
A.
Children’s
personal
and
family
characteristics.
B.
Children’s
performances
in
the
study.
C.
Children’s
emotional
problems.
D.
Children’s
daily
activities.
11.
Why
is
emotional
health
important
to
children
in
the
years
between
primary
and
high
school?
A.
They
are
too
busy
to
participate
in
sports.
B.
They
go
through
a
quick
development.
C.
They
will
soon
face
great
academic
stress.
D.
They
are
more
likely
to
have
mental
problems.
【答案】8.
D
9.
D
10.
C
11.
C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍与孩子情绪问题有关的事宜。一项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性更小。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A
new
study
finds
that
children
who
join
in
organized
physical
activities
at
a
young
age
are
less
likely
to
have
emotional
difficulties
by
the
time
they
turn
12.(一项新的研究发现，在很小的时候就参加有组织的体育活动的孩子在他们12岁时出现情绪问题的可能性更小)”可知，Brière关于做运动的研究表明它有助于防止儿童出现情绪问题。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Besides
keeping
children
from
sitting
for
long,
physical
activities,
such
as
structured
sports,
have
the
potential
physical
and
mental
benefits,
Brière
believes,
something
parents
seem
to
know
instinctively
(直觉地).(除了防止孩子长时间坐着，体育活动，如有组织的运动，对身体和心理都有潜在的好处，Brière相信，这一点家长们似乎本能地知道)”和第三段中“From
ages
6
to
10,
mothers
reported
whether
their
child
participated
in
organized
physical
activities.
At
age
12,teachers
reported
on
the
child’s
levels
of
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
and
social
withdrawal
at
school.(从6岁到10岁，母亲们报告她们的孩子是否参加有组织的体育活动。12岁时，老师报告了孩子在学校的情绪困扰、焦虑、害羞和社交退缩的程度)”可知，关于研究过程需要孩子的父母和老师的合作。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“From
ages
6
to
10,
mothers
reported
whether
their
child
participated
in
organized
physical
activities.
At
age
12,
teachers
reported
on
the
child's
levels
of
emotional
distress,
anxiety,
shyness,
and
social
withdrawal
at
school.(从6岁到10岁，母亲们报告她们的孩子是否参加有组织的体育活动。12岁时，老师报告了孩子在学校的情绪困扰、焦虑、害羞和社交退缩的程度)”推知，第四段中划线部分指代的是“儿童的情绪问题”。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Being
less
emotionally
troubled
between
primary
and
high
school
is
a
priceless
benefit
for
children,
as
they
are
about
to
enter
a
much
larger
universe
with
bigger
academic
challenges.(对孩子们来说，在小学和高中之间少一些情感上的困扰是一个无价的好处，因为他们即将进入一个更大的世界，面临更大的学术挑战)”可知，情绪健康之所以对小学和高中阶段的孩子很重要，是因为他们不久将面临巨大的学业压力。故选C。
D
If
you
feel
like
you
can't
even
consider
consuming
a
candy
bar
without
checking
its
caloric
content,
you're
right.
The
same
thing
goes
for
just
about
every
piece
of
packaged
food
you
see
in
stores,
plus
every
bottled
or
canned
beverage:
A
Nutrition
Facts
label
shows
detailed
information
on
the
amounts
of
fat,
sugar,
sodium
and
more
found
inside.
But
while
your
favorite
sodas
and
sandwich
fixings
have
this
type
of
in-your-face
transparency,
you
may
have
noticed
that
alcohol
is
not
the
case.
Why?
The
answer
lies
in
the
powers
behind
that.
While
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
regulates
the
safety
of
food,
including
non-alcoholic
beverages,
it
doesn't
govern
the
alcohol
industry.
It
is
because
of
the
Alcohol
and
Tobacco
Tax
and
Trade
Bureau(TTB),
an
agency
that
doesn't
require
labeling.
The
reasons
behind
different
labeling
requirements
of
the
FDA
and
TTB
go
back
to
Prohibition.
While
beer,
wine
and
spirits
companies
aren't
legally
required
to
print
the
nutritional
information
on
their
products,
consumer
advocates
have
been
calling
for
the
TTB
to
change
that.
And
it
has,
sort
of.
In
2013,the
TTB
made
nutrition
labels
optional
for
alcohol.
But
some
health
experts
don't
feel
the
move
was
brave
enough.
Sara
Bleich,
a
public
health
researcher,
said,
“Many
adults
take
in
a
lot
of
calories
from
alcohol,
and
they
have
no
idea.”
Her
work
revealed
that
the
average
American
regularly
consumes
400
calories
a
day
from
alcohol
alone.
The
public
should
be
given
the
power
to
make
informed
decisions
about
their
health.
At
present,
substances
that
people
might
be
sensitive
to
have
to
be
labeled,
but
other
ingredients
do
not.
Wines
that
contain
14
percent
alcohol
or
more
have
to
display
alcohol
content,
while
wines
from
7
to
14
percent
don't
have
to
list
alcohol
content.
What
about
wines
with
less
than
7
percent
alcohol?
Those
aren't
regulated
by
the
TTB
at
all—those
are
under
the
control
of
the
FDA
and
so
they're
required
to
display
Nutrition
Facts
labels.
Change
is
going
on
though,
at
least
the
beer
industry
has
agreed
to
voluntarily
display
nutrition
facts
next
year.
Cheers!
12.
What
does
Paragraph
2
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
reason
why
alcohol
is
free
of
labeling.
B.
The
different
responsibilities
of
the
FDA
and
TTB.
C.
The
influence
of
Prohibition
on
the
food
industry.
D.
The
historical
background
of
the
TTB's
establishment.
13.
What
did
the
TTB
encourage
the
alcohol
industry
to
do
in
response
to
consumer
advocates?
A.
Make
alcohol
products
more
affordable.
B.
Label
alcohol
products
with
nutrition
facts.
C.
Add
more
nutritional
elements
to
alcohol
products.
D.
Give
consumers
a
variety
of
options
for
alcohol
products.
14.
What
was
Sara
Bleich's
attitude
towards
alcohol
labeling?
A.
Approving.
B.
Doubtful.
C.
Concerned.
D.
Ambiguous.
15.
What
can
be
inferred
about
the
current
labeling
rules?
A.
They
are
outdated.
B.
They
are
unnecessary.
C.
They
might
make
people
sensitive.
D.
They
are
a
bit
messy
and
complicated.
【答案】12.
A
13.
B
14.
A
15.
D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要就为什么酒精没有标签这一现象展开了说明，解释了这背后的原因以及现行的酒精标签所存在的一些问题。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“The
answer
lies
in
the
powers
behind
that.
While
the
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
regulates
the
safety
of
food,
including
non-alcoholic
beverages,
it
doesn't
govern
the
alcohol
industry.
It
is
because
of
the
Alcohol
and
Tobacco
Tax
and
Trade
Bureau(TTB),
an
agency
that
doesn't
require
labeling.
The
reasons
behind
different
labeling
requirements
of
the
FDA
and
TTB
go
back
to
Prohibition.
(答案就在于背后的力量。虽然食品和药品管理局（FDA）监管食品安全，包括不含酒精的饮料，但它并不管理酒精行业。这是因为美国烟酒税贸易局（TTB）这个机构不要求贴标签。FDA和TTB不同的标签要求背后的原因可以追溯到禁酒令)”可知，第二段主要讲了为什么酒精是没有标签的。故选A。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“While
beer,
wine
and
spirits
companies
aren't
legally
required
to
print
the
nutritional
information
on
their
products,
consumer
advocates
have
been
calling
for
the
TTB
to
change
that.
And
it
has,
sort
of.
In
2013,the
TTB
made
nutrition
labels
optional
for
alcohol.
(虽然法律没有要求啤酒、葡萄酒和烈性酒公司在其产品上印制营养信息，但消费者权益倡导者一直在呼吁TTB改变这一做法。某种程度上来说，它确实这么做了。2013年，TTB将酒精饮料的营养标签列为可选选项)”可知，TTB通过鼓励制酒业在酒精产品上标注营养成分，来应对消费者权益保护问题。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Sara
Bleich,
a
public
health
researcher,
said,
“Many
adults
take
in
a
lot
of
calories
from
alcohol,
and
they
have
no
idea.”
Her
work
revealed
that
the
average
American
regularly
consumes
400
calories
a
day
from
alcohol
alone.
The
public
should
be
given
the
power
to
make
informed
decisions
about
their
health.
(公共卫生研究员Sara
Bleich说：“许多成年人从酒精中摄入了大量热量，他们对此并不知情。”她的研究表明，美国人平均每天仅从酒精中就摄入400卡路里的热量。所以应该赋予公众权力，让他们在知情的情况下对自己的健康做出决定)”可推知，Sara
Bleich对酒精标签持支持态度。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“At
present,
substances
that
people
might
be
sensitive
to
have
to
be
labeled,
but
other
ingredients
do
not.
Wines
that
contain
14
percent
alcohol
or
more
have
to
display
alcohol
content,
while
wines
from
7
to
14
percent
don't
have
to
list
alcohol
content.
What
about
wines
with
less
than
7
percent
alcohol?
Those
aren't
regulated
by
the
TTB
at
all—those
are
under
the
control
of
the
FDA
and
so
they're
required
to
display
Nutrition
Facts
labels.
(目前，人们可能会敏感的物质必须标示，但其他成分则不必标示。酒精含量在14%以上的葡萄酒必须显示酒精含量，而7%到14%的葡萄酒则不必列出酒精含量。那么酒精含量低于7%的葡萄酒呢？这些根本不受TTB的监管——这些酒由FDA控制，所以它们必须显示营养成分标签)”可推知，现行的标签规则有点凌乱和复杂。故选D。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Encouraging
Positive
RelationshipsChoosing
one’s
friends
is
an
important
part
of
growing
up.
And
although
you
can’t
choose
your
children’s
friends,
you
can
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
relationships
they
make
throughout
their
formative
years.
Use
the
following
strategies
to
help
your
children
to
build
positive
relationships
with
their
friends.●
Encourage
diversity._____16_____In
addition
to
exposing
your
kids
to
more
diversity,
it
will
also
help
them
learn
more
about
themselves.●
Avoid
criticism.
Avoid
criticizing
friendships,
but
be
honest
with
your
kids
when
you’re
concerned._____17_____This
may
make
them
defensive
and
less
receptive
to
what
you
have
to
say.
Do
be
open
and
willing
to
listen
to
what
they
have
to
say,
and
talk
about
what
makes
you
nervous.●____18____If
you
feel
that
one
of
your
child’s
friends
is
having
a
negative
influence
on
him,
invite
that
friend
to
spend
time
with
you
and
your
child
together
so
that
you
can
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
relationship.●
Engage
in
community
service.
Engage
your
family
in
service
and
volunteering
(or
join
a
social
group)
through
a
local
church,
school,
or
other
nonprofit
organization._____19_____●____20____When
talking
about
a
friend
who
has
a
negative
influence
on
your
child,
focus
your
comments
on
that
friend’s
behaviors,
not
on
her
personality.
For
example,
instead
of
calling
your
child’s
friend
irresponsible
for
smoking,
you
could
point
out
that
the
behavior
has
a
negative
effect
on
her
health
and
recommend
ways
for
your
child
to
help
her
quit.
A
Offer
advice.
B.
Get
involved.
C.
Don’t
condemn
your
child’s
friends.
D.
Help
your
kids
find
the
group
that
they
fit
with.
E.
These
events
can
be
great
places
to
meet
new
friends.
F.
It’s
important
to
develop
positive
relationships
with
family
members
as
well.
G.
Challenge
your
children
to
get
to
know
kids
from
many
different
backgrounds.
【答案】16.
G
17.
C
18.
B
19.
E
20.
A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章就鼓励孩子与他人建立积极的人际关系提出了建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Encourage
diversity”是说“鼓励多样化”，下文又说“In
addition
to
exposing
your
kids
to
more
diversity”
除了让你的孩子接触更多的多样性。所以diversity与G答案中的“many
different
backgrounds.”话题一致。故G选项“挑战你的孩子去了解来自许多不同背景的孩子。”切题。故选G项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Avoid
criticizing
friendships,
but
be
honest
with
your
kids
when
you’re
concerned”是说“避免批评友谊，但当你担心的时候，要对你的孩子诚实”与C答案“不要责备你孩子的朋友”承接自然。Avoid
criticizing呼应Don’t
condemn。故选C项。
【18题详解】
选项为本段的标题，根据下文“If
you
feel
that
one
of
your
child’s
friends
is
having
a
negative
influence
on
him,
invite
that
friend
to
spend
time
with
you
and
your
child
together
so
that
you
can
have
a
positive
influence
on
the
relationship”如果你觉得你孩子的朋友对你的孩子有负面的影响的话，你就把那个朋友邀请过来和你以及你的孩子一起度过一段时间以便你对他们的关系施加积极的影响”，说明给你的建议就是“介入其中”。B选项“介入其中”为本段标题。故选B项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Engage
your
family
in
service
and
volunteering
(or
join
a
social
group)
through
a
local
church,
school,
or
other
nonprofit
organization”
通过当地的教堂、学校或其他非盈利组织，让你的家人参与服务和志愿服务(或加入一个社会团体)。文讲了要参加一系列活动，而参加这些活动的地点就是“结识新朋友”的场所。故E选项“这些活动是结识新朋友的好地方”切题。a
local
church,
school,
or
other
nonprofit
organization呼应great
places。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“When
talking
about
a
friend
who
has
a
negative
influence
on
your
child,
focus
your
comments
on
that
friend’s
behaviors,
not
on
her
personality.”可知，当谈论一个对你的孩子有负面影响的朋友时，你的评论集中在那个朋友的行为上，而不是她的个性上。下文提供的都是建议。所以本段的标题为“提供意见”。故选A项。
第二部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I
had
to
work
as
a
substitute
teacher
(代课老师)
before
finding
a
full-time
teaching
job.
One
day,
I
____21____my
first
substitute
job
at
a
school.
The
___22___
said
that
I
had
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00
am
when
I
would
sign
in.
As
it
was
my
___23___
day
at
this
school,
I
made
sure
of
leaving
plenty
of
___24___
to
get
to
school.
I
got
up
early
so
I
___25___
at
the
school
at
about
7:50
am.
I
sat
in
my
car
for
ten
minutes
playing
with
my
phone
to
___26___
time.
Then
I
walked
into
the
teaching
building
and
up
to
the
reception
(接待)
desk
at
8:00.
When
I
told
the
receptionist
my
___27___
,
she
shouted
at
me
for
being
___28___
and
said
that
the
headmaster
was
managing
the
class
until
I
___29___.
I
said
the
email
I
received
____30____
told
me
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00,
but
the
receptionist
said
what
I
said
was
a(n)
____31____.
I
finally
gave
up
trying
to
____32____
with
her,
went
up
to
the
classroom,
and
took
over
the
class
from
the
____33____.
During
the
____34____,
I
was
sitting
in
the
office
when
the
headmaster
____35____
and
asked
why
I
was
late.
I
____36____
that
the
email
had
given
the
wrong
information.
He
said
that
even
though
that
was
what
the
email
said,
I
____37____
should
have
gotten
to
school
before
8:00
am
because
that’s
what
____38____
people
do,
in
case
something
unexpected
might
happen.
The
headmaster’s
____39____
had
a
strong
influence
on
me,
and
then
I
____40____
to
become
a
smart
person.
Since
then
I
have
never
been
late
for
school.
21.
A.
created
B.
lost
C.
did
D.
got
22.
A.
email
B.
pack
C.
call
D.
report
23.
A.
busy
B.
big
C.
first
D.
hard
24.
A.
power
B.
time
C.
money
D.
space
25.
A.
arrived
B.
taught
C.
pointed
D.
shouted
26.
A.
set
B.
check
C.
save
D.
kill
27.
A.
survey
B.
number
C.
name
D.
address
28.
A.
polite
B.
careless
C.
strong
D.
late
29.
A.
gave
in
B.
looked
around
C.
showed
up
D.
dropped
out
30.
A.
clearly
B.
repeatedly
C.
openly
D.
usually
31.
A.
trap
B.
result
C.
excuse
D.
fact
32.
A.
agree
B.
argue
C.
go
D.
compare
33.
A.
guard
B.
student
C.
professor
D.
headmaster
34.
A.
rest
B.
training
C.
study
D.
meeting
35.
A.
stopped
B.
escaped
C.
entered
D.
laughed
36.
A.
remembered
B.
explained
C.
guessed
D.
hoped
37.
A.
only
B.
still
C.
even
D.
almost
38.
A.
funny
B.
honest
C.
kind
D.
clever
39.
A.
spelling
B.
words
C.
suffering
D.
books
40.
A.
decided
B.
happened
C.
failed
D.
refused
【答案】21.
D
22.
A
23.
C
24.
B
25.
A
26.
D
27.
C
28.
D
29.
C
30.
A
31.
C
32.
B
33.
D
34.
A
35.
C
36.
B
37.
B
38.
D
39.
B
40.
A
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一天做代课工作迟到后所得到的教训。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在一所学校找到了第一份代课工作。A.
created创造；B.
lost丢失；C.
did做；D.
got得到。根据下文“The
___22___
said
that
I
had
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00
am
when
I
would
sign
in.”可知，作者被要求去学校签到，可推测，作者得到了一份代课老师的工作。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：邮件上说我必须早上8点到学校签到。A.
email邮件；B.
pack包裹；C.
call电话；D.
report报名。根据下文“I
___16___
that
the
email
had
given
the
wrong
information.”可知，作者是接收到了一封邮件。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A.
busy忙碌的；B.
big大的；C.
first第一的；D.
hard困难的。根据“One
day,
I
____1____my
first
substitute
job
at
a
school.”和“I
made
sure
of
leaving
plenty
of
4
to
get
to
school.
”可推测，作者是第一天到学校上班。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我在这所学校的第一天，我确保留下足够的时间到校。A.
power力量；B.
time时间；C.
money钱；D.
space空间。根据后文“I
sat
in
my
car
for
ten
minutes
playing
with
my
phone
to
___6___
time.”可知，作者在第一天到学校时给自己留下了充足的时间。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我起得很早，所以大约早上7点50分到学校。A.arrived到达；B.
taught教；C.
pointed指；D.
shouted大叫。这里指作者在7点50分到达（arrived）学校。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。A.
set放置；B.
check检查；C.
save救；D.
kill消磨。此处为固定搭配kill
time消磨时间。作者坐在车里玩了十分钟的手机来消磨时间。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A.
survey问卷；B.
number数字；C.
name名字；D.
address地址。根据上文“The
___2___
said
that
I
had
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00
am
when
I
would
sign
in.”可知，此处作者告诉接待员自己的名字用以签到。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A.
polite礼貌的；B.
careless粗心的；C.
strong强壮的；D.
late迟到的。根据下文“During
the
___14___,
I
was
sitting
in
the
office
when
the
headmaster
___15___
and
asked
why
I
was
late.
”可知，作者是迟到了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我告诉接待员我的名字时，她对我大吼大叫，因为我迟到了，说校长一直在管理班级，直到我出现。A.
gave
in屈服；B.
looked
around环视；C.
showed
up出现；D.
dropped
out退出。根据下文“I
finally
gave
up
trying
to
___12___
with
her,
went
up
to
the
classroom,
and
took
over
the
class
from
the
___13___.”可知，在作者出现之前是校长在管理班级。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A.
clearly清楚地；B.
repeatedly重复的；C.
openly公开地；D.
usually通常。根据句意可知，此处是邮件上清楚地（clearly）说明要求作者8点到学校。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我说我收到的邮件清楚地告诉我八点到学校，但是接待员说我说的是一个借口。A.
trap圈套；B.
result结果；C.
excuse借口；D.
fact事实。接待员认为作者在找借口以掩饰自己迟到的事实。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A.
agree同意；B.
argue争论；C.
go走；D.
compare比较。根据上文“I
said
the
email
I
received
___10___
told
me
to
arrive
at
school
at
8:00,
but
the
receptionist
said
what
I
said
was
a(n)
___11___.
”可知，作者之前在和接待员争论自己是否迟到这件事。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最终放弃了和她争论，走到教室，从校长手中接管了这个班。A.
guard警卫；B.
student学生；C.
professor教授；D.
headmaster校长。根据上文“
When
I
told
the
receptionist
my
___7___
,
she
shouted
at
me
for
being
___8___
and
said
that
the
headmaster
was
managing
the
class
until
I
___9___.”可知，作者到达学校后从校长手中接管了班级。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A.
rest休息；B.
training训练；C.
study学习；D.
meeting会议。根据“I
was
sitting
in
the
office”可知，作者坐在办公室，可推测，校长是在休息的时候找作者谈话。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：休息的时候，我正坐在办公室里，校长进来问我为什么迟到。A.
stopped停止；B.
escaped逃脱；C.
entered进入；D.
laughed大笑。根据“I
was
sitting
in
the
office”和“and
asked
why
I
was
late”可知作者在办公室里，因此校长进入办公室找作者谈话。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释说这封邮件提供的信息是错误的。A.
remembered记住；B.
explained解释；C.
guessed推测；D.
hoped希望。根据“During
the
___14___,
I
was
sitting
in
the
office
when
the
headmaster
___15___
and
asked
why
I
was
late.”和“that
the
email
had
given
the
wrong
information”可知，校长问作者迟到的原因，因此作者要对迟到做出解释。故选B项。
【37题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A.
only仅仅；B.
still仍然；C.
even甚至；D.
almost几乎。校长认为不管邮件怎么说，作者仍然要提前到学校。故选B项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说即使邮件里是这么说的，我还是应该在早上8点前赶到学校，因为聪明的人都会这么做，以防意外的事情发生。A.
funny搞笑的；B.
honest诚实的；C.
kind善良的；D.
clever聪明的。根据下文“The
headmaster’s
___19___
had
a
strong
influence
on
me,
and
then
I
___20___
to
become
a
smart
person.”可知，校长认为提前到校是聪明人的做法。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A.
spelling拼写；B.
words话；C.
suffering痛苦；D.
books书。根据下文“Since
then
I
have
never
been
late
for
school.”可知，校长的话使得作者再也没有迟到过，校长说的话对我产生了很大的影响。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：校长的话对我产生了很大的影响，于是我决定成为一个聪明的人。A.
decided决定；B.
happened发生；C.
failed失败；D.
refused拒绝。根据下文“Since
then
I
have
never
been
late
for
school.”可知，作者已经做出了改变，决定成为一个聪明人。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
.
Smell,
more
than
any
other
sense,
is
deeply
rooted
in
memory.
It
is
believed
by
scientists
___41___
smells
can
recall
feelings
of
distant
memories.
The
scientists
say
___42___
area
of
the
brain
assigns
memories
to
smells
and
stores
___43___
(they)
for
decades.
The
area
can
instantly
recall
the
memories
with
great
clearness
years
later
if
a
person
encounters
the
smell
again.
Christina
Strauch,
from
the
Ruhr
University
in
Germany,
says
smells
___44___(store)
in
the
olfactory
brain.
The
word
“olfactory”
means
anything
related
___45___
the
sense
of
smell.
Many
smells
can
transport
us
back
to
our
childhood.
Smells
from
cookies
baking
in
the
kitchen
or
the
smell
of
a
home?made
dish
can
bring
back
___46___(amaze)
memories
of
growing
up.
Some
smells
can
take
you
away
to
another
point
in
time.
Some
smells
can
make
you
wish
you
___47___
(be)
back
in
the
past,
or
make
you
want
to
escape,
which
depends
on
whether
the
smell
has
a
positive
or
negative
___48___
(associate).
Some
doctors
partly
depend
on
this
for
their
patients.
Smells
can
even
encourage
you
___49___
(buy)
things
in
stores.
Many
stores
introduce
certain
smells
to
awake
particular
memories,
____50____
can
make
people
buy
things
they
loved
years
ago.
【答案】41.
that
42.
an
43.
them
44.
are
stored
45.
to
46.
amazing
47.
were
48.
association
49.
to
buy
50.
which
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气味在人的大脑中的储存机制。
【41题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：科学家们相信气味能唤起遥远记忆的感觉。空处引导主语从句，it为形式主语，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用that引导。故填that。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：科学家们说，大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味，并将它们储存几十年。area为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且area是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：科学家们说，大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味，并将它们储存几十年。空处作动词store的宾语，应用they的宾格形式them。故填them。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：德国鲁尔大学的Christina
Strauch说，气味储存在嗅觉大脑中。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为smells，谓语动词用复数。故填are
stored。
【45题详解】
考查介词。句意：“olfactory”这个词是指任何与嗅觉有关的东西。结合句意表示“与……有关”可知短语为be
related
to。故填to。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：厨房里烘烤的饼干的香味，或者家里做的菜的香味，都能勾起成长的美好回忆。修饰后文名词memories，应用形容词amazing，作定语。故填amazing。
47题详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：有些气味会让你希望回到过去，或者让你想要逃离，这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时，故be动词应用were。故填were。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：有些气味会让你希望回到过去，或者让你想要逃离，这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。根据上文“has
a
positive
or
negative”可知应填单数名词association，作宾语。故填association。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：气味甚至可以促使你去商店购物。结合句意表示“促使某人做某事”可知短语为encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.。故填to
buy。
【50题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：许多商店会引入某种气味来唤起特定的记忆，让人们购买多年前喜欢的东西。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
