初中英语复习专题课件 虚拟语气

(共42张PPT)
Subjunctive
mood
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Forms
of
subjunctive
mood
Modal
Auxiliary
Verbs
Inverted
conditional
clause
Exercises
Contents
First
thing
is…
How
can
a
verb
have
a
“mood”?
According
to
Troyka
and
Hesse,
“Mood
in
verbs
conveys
an
attitude
toward
the
action
in
a
sentence.”
In
English,
there
are
three
moods:
Indicative,
Imperative,
and
Subjunctive.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Uses
of
Subjunctive
The
subjunctive
is
used
in
English
to
express
a
command,
desire,
hypothesis,
purpose,
doubt,
or
supposition.
The
Subjunctive
Mood
is
being
used
less
and
less
in
every
day
dialogue,
but
still
must
be
known
for
academic
writing.
Content
clauses
expressing
commands,
requests,
or
suggestions
commonly
use
the
present
subjunctive.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Uses
of
Subjunctive
such
a
clause
may
be
introduced
by
a
verb
like
:
propose,
suggest,
recommend,
move
(in
the
parliamentary
sense),
demand,
or
mandate,
by
an
adjective
like
imperative,
important,
adamant,
or
necessary,
or
by
a
noun
like
insistence
or
proposal.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Present:
1.
If
I
were
tired,
I
would
have
a
rest.
Past:
1.
If
he
had
set
out
earlier,
he
would
have
caught
the
early
bus.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Future:
If
I
should
have
time
tomorrow,
I
would
go
to
the
library.
If
he
were
to
come
here
this
evening,
we
would
invite
him
to
attend
the
party.
If
it
rained
this
afternoon,
the
football
match
would
be
postponed
until
next
Saturday.
To
express
a
wish
The
past
subjunctive
is
used
after
the
verb
to
wish:
I
wish
he
were
here
or
I
wished
he
were
there.
This
use
of
the
subjunctive
is
sometimes
known
as
the
"volitional"
subjunctive.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
For
example:
If
I
were
a
millionaire,
I
would
buy
a
sports
car.
If
he
had
a
car
with
him,
he
could
drive
us
there.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
Uses
of
Subjunctive
To
express
a
hypothesis
The
past
subjunctive
is
used
after
the
conjunction
if
in
a
contrary-to-fact
protasis.
Uses
of
Subjunctive
By
far
the
most
common
use
of
the
subjunctive
is
the
use
of
the
subjunctive
after
"if"
clauses
that
state
or
describe
a
hypothetical
situation.
Forms
of
subjunctive
mood
Subjunctive
in
set
phrases
It
is
(high,
about)
time
(that)…
I
would
rather
/
sooner
(that)…
If
only…
…as
if
/
as
though…
I
wish
(that)…
01
BE-subjunctive
02
WERE-subjunctive
Two
forms
of
subjunctive
mood
subjunctive
mood
BE-subjunctive:
realized
by
the
base
form
of
a
verb
WERE-subjunctive:
realized
by
the
verb
“were”(past
tense
form)
BE-subjunctive
1.
Decide,
decree,
suggest,
move
2.
advisable,
appropriate,
essential,
imperative
3.
decision,
decree,
instruction,
requirement
BE-subjunctive
It
is
imperative
that
the
new
law
be
implemented.
If
the
rumor
be
true,
everything
is
possible.
If
the
rumor
were
true,
everything
would
be
possible.
If
the
rumor
should
be
true,
everything
is
possible
Were-subjunctive
simple
past
if
…should
if
…were
to
Were-subjunctive
If
I
were
in
school
again,
I
would
wok
harder.
Were
I
in
school
again,
I
would
work
harder.
If
I
were
rich,
I
would
build
up
a
large
house
for
poor
people.
Indicative
vs.
Subjunctive
Conjugation
Present
Tense
Singular
Plural
I
Am
We
Are
You
Are
You
Are
He,
She,
It
Is
They
Are
Singular
Plural
That
I
Be
That
We
Be
That
You
Be
That
You
Be
That
He,
She,
It,
Be
That
They
Be
Indicative
vs.
Subjunctive
Conjugation
Past
Tense
Singular
Plural
I
Was
We
Were
You
Were
You
Were
He,
She,
It
Was
They
Were
Singular
Plural
If
I
Were
If
We
Were
If
You
Were
If
You
Were
If
She,
He,
It
Were
If
They
Were
Modal
Auxiliary
Verbs
Modal
Auxiliary
Verbs:
would,
could,
might,
&
should.
These
words
can
convey
speculation
and
therefore
are
used
in
the
Subjunctive
Mood.
NOTE:
Do
NOT
use
a
modal
auxiliary
verb
in
both
the
dependent
and
independent
clause
.
Modal
Auxiliary
Verbs
If
I
were
a
little
bit
taller,
I
would
be
a
baller.
She
might
lie
to
my
face,
as
if
I
were
nothing.
Examples:
Not
every
clause
introduced
with
these
key
words
will
be
subjunctive.
Make
sure
the
clause
expresses
a
speculation
or
a
condition
contrary
to
fact.
NOTE!!!
Inverted
conditional
clause
Inverted
conditional
clause
Were…
Were
you
in
my
position,
you
would
do
the
same.
Had…
Had
I
time,
I
would
come.
Should…
Exercises
Exercises
1、It
is
hard
for
me
to
imagine
what
I
would
be
doing
today
if
I
______
in
love,
at
the
age
of
seven,
with
the
Melinda
Cox
Library
in
my
hometown.
wouldn't
have
fallen
B.
had
not
fallen
C.
should
fall
D.
were
to
fall
Exercises
1、It
is
hard
for
me
to
imagine
what
I
would
be
doing
today
if
I
______
in
love,
at
the
age
of
seven,
with
the
Melinda
Cox
Library
in
my
hometown.
wouldn't
have
fallen
B.
had
not
fallen
C.
should
fall
D.
were
to
fall
A
2.
If
it_____
for
the
snow,
we_____
the
mountain
yesterday.
were
not;
could
have
climbed
were
not;
could
climb
C.
had
not
been;
could
have
climbed
D.
had
not
been;
could
climb
Exercises
2.
If
it____
for
the
snow,
we____
the
mountain
yesterday.
were
not;
could
have
climbed
were
not;
could
climb
C.
had
not
been;
could
have
climbed
D.
had
not
been;
could
climb
Exercises
C
C
3.
I
didn't
see
your
sister
at
the
meeting.
If
she
______,
she
would
have
met
my
brother.
has
come
B.came
C.
did
come
D.
had
come
Exercises
3.
I
didn't
see
your
sister
at
the
meeting.
If
she
______,
she
would
have
met
my
brother.
has
come
B.came
C.
did
come
D.
had
come
Exercises
D
4.
I
_______
through
that
bitter
period
without
your
generous
help.
couldn’t
have
gone
B.
didn’t
go
C.
wouldn’t
go
D.
hadn’t
gone
Exercises
4.
I
_______
through
that
bitter
period
without
your
generous
help.
couldn’t
have
gone
B.
didn’t
go
C.
wouldn’t
go
D.
hadn’t
gone
Exercises
A
5.
I
would
have
gone
to
visit
him
in
the
hospital
had
it
been
at
all
possible,
but
I
fully
occupied
the
whole
of
last
week.
were
had
been
been
D.
was
Exercises
5.
I
would
have
gone
to
visit
him
in
the
hospital
had
it
been
at
all
possible,
but
I
fully
occupied
the
whole
of
last
week.
were
had
been
been
.
was
Exercises
D
Post-Assignment
Please
write
a
paragraph
containing
at
least
five
uses
of
the
Subjunctive
Mood.
You
can
write
your
paragraph
over
the
following
topics
or
with
a
topic
of
your
choice.
What
if
you
were
a
millionaire?
What
would
you
do
if
you
were
a
genie?
How
would
your
life
now
be
different
if
you
were
living
in
America
during
the
1970s?