外研版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit 5 Revealing nature Discovering Useful Structures课后作业（）

课后作业(十四)　Unit
5
Section
Ⅱ　Discovering
Useful
Structures　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In
the
short
time
Steve
and
Zach
had
been
inside
their
tent
packing
their
tools,
wind blown
flame
had
skipped
from
the
top
of
one
tree
to
another.
The
long
dry
summer
had
turned
the
forest
into
a
tinderbox.
“Let's
go!
We
can
make
it
back
to
the
river
we
crossed
today！”
Steve
kept
Brady
on
the
lead
and
their
heads
down
against
the
fire wind.
But
Brady
barked
a
sharp
warning.
Ahead
of
them
lay
a
thick
curtain
of
smoke
across
the
track.
They
would
never
make
it
through
that.
The
dog
was
pulling
at
his
lead
trying
to
draw
them
away
from
the
smoke,
and
yet
Steve
was
uneasy.
It
seemed
to
him
that
they
were
moving
away
from
the
river.
Suddenly,
Zach
cried.
“Zach！”
Steve
shouted.
“Are
you
OK
Where
are
you？”
Then
Brady
pulled
Steve
down
a
sharp
slope
(斜坡).
At
its
base,
Zach
was
rubbing
his
ankle.
As
Steve
helped
his
friend
to
his
feet,
Brady
lifted
his
head
and
snuffed
(嗅)
the
smoke laden
wind.
Next
moment,
the
dog
bounded
away
and
disappeared.
The
boys
shouted
for
him,
but
he
didn't
come
back.
Steve
couldn't
blame
Brady
for
panicking.
He
himself
wanted
to
run
even
though
he
didn't
have
a
clue
which
way
to.
Steve
and
Zach
hadn't
gone
far
when
there
was
a
familiar
bark,
and
Brady
came
bounding,
stopped
directly
in
front
of
Steve
and
hit
him
with
his
head,
pushing
him
back
toward
the
slope
they'd
just
climbed.
But
Steve
didn't
get
it.
Then
Brady
grabbed
the
boy's
jeans
and
started
pulling.
The
message
was
clear,
but
Steve
hesitated.
Of
course
he
remembered
Brady
saving
his
uncle's
life
when
the
dog
was
much
younger.
Was
he
still
sharp
enough
to
get
them
through
this
Nearby,
a
pine
went
up
in
a
whoosh
of
smoke.
Brady
pulled
again,
urgently.
“OK,
the
big
guy，”
Steve
gritted
his
teeth
(咬紧牙关).
Brady
led
them
back
down
the
slope
and
into
the
trees.
Not
far
from
them
fire
was
touching
underbrush.
Several
times
the
big
dog
stopped.
Often
he
changed
directions.
Steve
was
so
tired
that
he
just
wanted
to
rest,
but
Brady
wouldn't
have
it.
The
dog
bullied
both
boys
into
going
on.
Steve
had
no
idea
how
long
they'd
walked.
He
was
almost
numb
when
he
heard
it—the
wonderful
sound
of
rushing
water!
1．What
happened
to
Steve
and
Zach
at
first
A．They
got
injured.
B．They
lost
their
dog.
C．They
were
trapped.
D．They
became
separated.
2．Brady
ran
away
to
________.
A．seek
help
B．find
a
way
out
C．rescue
Zach
D．escape
3．How
did
Steve
feel
after
Brady
pulled
his
jeans
A．Uneasy.
B．Impatient.
C．Numb.
D．Uncertain.
4．The
passage
basically
describes
________.
A．an
adventure
B．an
exploration
C．an
escape
game
D．a
training
program
B
A
warm
drink
of
milk
before
bed
has
long
been
the
best
choice
for
those
wanting
a
good
night's
sleep.
But
now
a
study
has
found
it
really
does
help
people
nod
off—if
it
is
milked
from
a
cow
at
night.
Researchers
have
discovered
that
“night
milk”
contains
more
melatonin
(褪黑激素),
which
has
been
proven
to
help
people
feel
sleepy
and
reduce
anxiety.
The
study,
by
researchers
from
Seoul,
South
Korea,
involved
mice
being
fed
with
dried
milk
powder
made
from
cows
milked
both
during
the
day
and
at
night.
Those
given
night
milk,
which
contained
10
times
the
amount
of
melatonin,
were
less
active
and
less
anxious
than
those
fed
with
the
milk
collected
during
daytime,
according
to
the
study
published
in
The
Journal
of
Medicinal
Food.
Night
milk
quickened
the
start
of
sleep
and
caused
the
mice
to
sleep
longer.
While
the
effect
of
cows
milk
harvested
at
different
time
has
not
been
tested
on
humans
up
to
now,
taking
melatonin
drugs
has
been
suggested
to
those
who
are
struggling
to
fall
asleep
at
night.
Previous
studies
have
also
indicated
that
milk
can
be
excellent
for
helping
sleep
because
of
the
calcium
content,
which
helps
people
to
relax.
Milk
is
also
sugar free
and
additive free
with
nutritionists
recommending
skimmed
milk
as
the
best
choice
before
bed
as
it
is
the
least
fattening.
The
more
fat
you
take
in
before
bedtime,
the
greater
burden
you
will
put
on
your
body
at
night.
5．According
to
the
text,
the
mice
fed
with
daytime
milk
________.
A．started
sleep
more
easily
B．were
more
anxious
C．were
less
active
D．woke
up
later
6．Which
of
the
following
is
true
of
melatonin
according
to
the
text
A．It's
been
tested
on
mice
for
ten
times.
B．It
can
make
people
more
energetic.
C．It
exists
in
milk
in
great
amount.
D．It's
used
in
sleeping
drugs.
7．What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text
A．Night
Milk
and
Sleep
B．Fat,
Sugar
and
Health
C．An
Experiment
on
Mice
D．Milk
Drinking
and
Health
8．How
does
the
author
support
the
theme
of
the
text
A．By
giving
examples.
B．By
stating
arguments.
C．By
explaining
statistical
data.
D．By
providing
research
results.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Savannah
Phillips
sat
into
her
window
seat
on
a
United
Airlines
flight
to
Illinois.
She
__1__
at
her
seatmate.
He
was
in
his
60s
and
was
busy
texting.
The
words
were
__2__
large
and
the
screen
was
bright,
making
it
easy
for
Phillips
to
__3__
what
he
was
tapping
out：“Hey
Babe,
I'm
sitting
next
to
a
smelly
fatty.”
“It
was
like
confirmation
of
the
negative
__4__
I
think
about
myself
per
day，”
the
33 year old
mother
wrote
in
a
Facebook
post
after
the
flight.
Soon
tears
__5__
down
her
cheeks
as
she
hugged
the
cabin
wall
tightly.
Sitting
a
row
__6__
them
was
Chase
Irwin.
He
could
see
the
man's
texts
and
Phillips.
“I
__7__
her
looking
at
his
phone.
I
was
sick
to
my
stomach.
I
could
not
have
this
guy
sit
next
to
her
and
her
thinking
he's
__8__
her，”
he
told
Nashville's
News
Channel
5.
__9__，
Irwin
had
unfastened
his
seat
belt
and
was
hovering
(徘徊)
over
the
texter.
“Hey,
I
need
to
talk
to
you，”
Irwin
told
him.
“We
are
__10__
seats,
now.”
When
the
texter
asked
__11__.
Irwin
said,
“You're
texting
about
her,
and
I'm
not
__12__
that.”
The
texter
__13__
quickly.
Irwin
sat
beside
Phillips
and
was
soon
cheering
up
his
new
seatmate.
“He
encouraged
me
not
to
let
that
guy
get
to
me
and
that
everything
was
going
to
be
__14__，”
Phillips
wrote.
And
he
was
right.
She
and
Irwin
spent
the
rest
of
the
flight
chatting
like
old
friends.
With
her
__15__
in
humanity
restored,
Phillips
wrote
on
Facebook,
“The
flight
attendant
told
him
that
he
was
her
hero.
He
was
mine,
too.”
1．A.stared
B．guessed
C．glanced
D．wondered
2．A.unusually
B．strongly
C．preciously
D．attractively
3．A.watch
B．master
C．read
D．predict
4．A.effects
B．things
C．characters
D．actions
5．A.streamed
B．jumped
C．followed
D．wandered
6．A.outside
B．beyond
C．across
D．behind
7．A.imagined
B．prevented
C．noticed
D．left
8．A.getting
hold
of
B．taking
control
of
C．taking
advantage
of
D．making
fun
of
9．A.Instantly
B．Hesitantly
C．Cautiously
D．Proudly
10．A.fixing
B．designing
C．switching
D．cleaning
11．A.how
B．why
C．when
D．what
12．A.breaking
up
with
B．putting
up
with
C．coming
up
with
D．keeping
up
with
13．A.reacted
B．replied
C．agreed
D．shook
14．A.beautiful
B．gone
C．possible
D．fine
15．A.faith
B．value
C．gratitude
D．achievement
详解答案
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　文章属于记叙文，讲述Steve和Zach在森林宿营时遇到大火，他们的狗Brady竭尽全力救二人脱险的经历。
1．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第三段Suddenly,
Zach
cried.“Zach！”
Steve
shouted.“Are
you
OK
Where
are
you？”Then
Brady
pulled
Steve
down
a
sharp
slope
(斜坡).
At
its
base,
Zach
was
rubbing
his
ankle.可知二人分开了。
2．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容可知Brady凭借自己的敏锐为Steve和Zach寻找到了去河边的安全通道。
3．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第五段中But
Steve
didn't
get
it.
Then
Brady
grabbed
the
boy's
jeans
and
started
pulling.
The
message
was
clear,
but
Steve
hesitated.可知Steve犹豫不决。
4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。根据全文内容可知这是一个冒险经历。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。晚上睡前喝一杯热牛奶有助于睡眠是一个常识，那么睡前喝在夜间收集的牛奶对睡眠有哪些影响呢？让我们一起来看看研究者的新发现吧。
5．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第四段“Those
given
night
milk...during
daytime.”可知，喝了白天挤出来的牛奶的老鼠更活跃，也很少焦虑。
6．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第六段第一句“...taking
melatonin...at
night”可知，安眠类药品里含有褪黑激素。故选D。
7．答案与解析：A　标题概括题。本文主要介绍了喝晚上挤出来的牛奶对睡眠的好处，因为晚上挤出来的牛奶中含有更多的褪黑激素，所以喝晚上挤出来的牛奶有助于睡眠，还能减轻身体负担。故A项“晚上挤出来的牛奶和睡眠”最能概括文章主旨，适合作标题。故选A。
8．答案与解析：D　写作手法题。本文先用睡前喝牛奶有助睡眠这一传统观点引出主题，即睡前喝晚上挤出来的牛奶不仅有助睡眠，还能减轻身体负担，然后引用了具体的研究结果来进一步论证主题，阐释观点。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Savannah
Phillips在飞往Illinois的飞机上，无意间看到邻座发短信称她为臭胖子，这让她感到非常痛苦。Savannah后排的乘客Irwin看到了这一切，然后将座位换到了她的旁边来鼓励她的故事。
1．答案与解析：C　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“The
words
were
________
large
and
the
screen
was
bright”可知，Phillips瞥见了邻座手机上的信息。glance意为“瞥见”，符合语境。故选C。
2．答案与解析：A　考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，男人手机的字体特别大。unusually意为“特别地，不寻常地”，符合语境。故选A。
3．答案与解析：C　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“The
words
were
________
large
and
the
screen
was
bright”可知，男人手机上的字体很大且屏幕很亮，因此Phillips很容易看到邻座屏幕上的字。read意为“读取”，符合语境。故选C。
4．答案与解析：B　考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，男人的话就像Phillips每天对自己的消极看法的证据。thing意为“事情”，符合语境。故选B。
5．答案与解析：A　考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“tears”及语境可知，泪水沿着她的面颊流了下来。stream意为“流”，符合语境。故选A。
6．答案与解析：D　考查介词辨析。根据第三段第二句“He
could
see
the
man's
texts
and
Phillips.”可推知，Irwin坐在他们后排。behind意为“在……后”，符合语境。故选D。
7．答案与解析：C　考查动词辨析。根据第三段第二句“He
could
see
the
man's
texts
and
Phillips.”可知，Irwin注意到Phillips在看那个男人的手机。notice意为“注意到”，符合语境。故选C。
8．答案与解析：D　考查动词短语辨析。根据第一段最后一句中的“I'm
sitting
next
to
a
smelly
fatty”可知，那个邻座男人在嘲笑Phillips。make
fun
of意为“嘲笑”，符合语境。故选D。
9．答案与解析：A　考查副词辨析。根据下文中的“Irwin
had
unfastened
his
seat
belt”及语境可知，Irwin立即采取了行动。instantly意为“迅速地”，符合语境。故选A。
10．答案与解析：C　考查动词辨析。根据第五段第二句中的“Irwin
sat
beside
Phillips”可知，Irwin与男子换了座位。switch意为“交换”，符合语境。故选C。
11．答案与解析：B　考查连词辨析。根据下文中的“Irwin
said，‘You're
texting
about
her’”可知，Irwin解释了他换座位的原因。由此可推知，对方在询问Irwin换座的原因。故选B。
12．答案与解析：B　考查动词短语辨析。根据第三段最后一句中的“I
could
not
have
this
guy
sit
next
to
her”可知，Irwin无法容忍这个男人的行为。put
up
wih意为“忍受”，符合语境。故选B。
13．答案与解析：C　考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Irwin
sat
beside
Phillips”可知，那个男人同意了换座。agree意为“同意”，符合语境。故选C。
14．答案与解析：D　考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，Irwin在鼓励Phillips，一切都会好起来，fine意为“好的”，符合语境。故选D。
15．答案与解析：A　考查名词辨析。根据最后一段最后一句“He
was
mine,
too.”可知，Irwin的举动使Phillips对人性重拾了信心。faith意为“信心”，符合语境。故选A。