新人教（2019）必修二第二单元
Section
Ⅲ Reading
for
Writing
&
Assessing
Your
Progress
重点词汇讲解
Point1
survive
用法详解
(1)vi.生存;存活;继续存在
survive
from从……(时期)留存下来
survive
on靠……为生(=live/feed
on)
Of
the
six
people
injured
in
the
crash,only
two
survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中,只有两人活了下来。
I
can’t
survive
on
￡40
a
week.一星期40英镑,我无法维持生活。
(2)vt.幸存;幸免于难;艰难度过,其后接宾语。
The
company
managed
to
survive
the
crisis.公司设法渡过了危机。
Many
birds
didn’t
survive
the
severe
winter.很多鸟没有挺过这次严冬。
(3)vt.比……活(或存在)的时间长
(=outlive)
survive…by…years比……多活……年
She
survived
her
husband
by
ten
years.她比她的丈夫多活了十年。
归纳拓展
survival
n.生存;存活;幸存
survivor
n.生存者;存活者;幸存者
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
only
way
for
us
(survive)
on
the
earth
is
to
live
in
harmony
with
nature.
(2)Several
buildings
in
the
town
have
survived
the
Han
Dynasty.
(3)If
cancers
are
found
early,there’s
a
high
chance
of
(survive).
2.单句写作
(1)他们能在车祸中幸免于难真是幸运。
They
were
lucky
.
(2)据说大多数女性比男性活得久。
It’s
said
that
.
Point2
cut
down
用法详解
(1)砍倒;砍伐
It
was
difficult
to
cut
the
tree
down
with
a
knife.
用一把刀很难把这棵树砍倒。
(2)缩小(尺寸)
;改小(衣服)
She
is
cutting
down
her
dress
for
her
younger
sister.
她正把自己的衣服改小,准备给妹妹穿。
(3)削减,其后可接介词on。
She
is
trying
to
cut
down
her
weight.她正设法减肥。
The
doctor
told
him
to
cut
down
on
his
drinking.医生劝他少喝酒。
归纳拓展
cut
across抄近路穿过;走近路
cut
in
(on)打断(谈话);插嘴
cut
off
中断(电话通话等);割掉;剪掉;隔绝
cut
out删除;删去;停止;剪下
cut
up切碎;剁碎
经典例题
用cut的相关短语填空
(1)The
water
supply
has
been
cut
because
the
workers
are
repairing
one
of
the
main
pipes.
(2)My
uncle
hasn’t
been
able
to
quit
smoking,but
at
least
he
has
cut
.
(3)—Tony,why
are
your
eyes
red
—I
have
been
cutting
peppers
for
the
last
five
minutes.
(4)I
cut
the
article
from
the
newspaper
and
stuck
it
to
my
notebook.
Point3
stir
up
用法详解
(1)激励;鼓动
The
coach’s
encouraging
talk
stirred
up
the
team
to
win.
教练的鼓动性讲话激励全队去赢得胜利。
(2)激起(感情);挑起,煽动(争执或事端)
stir
up
hatred激起仇恨
stir
up
a
debate挑起争论
The
leader
was
accused
of
using
intemperate
language
to
stir
up
hatred
and
violence.这个领导者因为使用过激的语言煽动仇恨和暴力而受到指控。
(3)(水或空气中)搅起;吹起
The
wind
stirred
up
a
lot
of
dust.风吹起大量尘土。
归纳拓展
stir
sth.with
sth.用……搅拦……
stir
sth.into
sth.把……拌入……
stir
the
soup/tea搅动汤/茶
经典例题
1.写出stir
up的含义
(1)Bob
stirred
up
a
fight
between
Tom
and
Bill.
(2)The
car
stirred
up
cloud
of
dust
and
sped
by.
(3)The
teacher
stirred
up
students
to
set
higher
goals.
2.翻译句子
(1)她喜欢挑事。
____________________________
(2)她搅了搅茶,然后喝光了。
_____________________________________
Point4
emotion
用法详解
emotion
n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;情绪
mixed
emotion复杂的感情
with
emotion
激动地
Love,joy,hate,fear
and
grief
are
all
emotions.
爱、喜、恨、惧、悲都是情感。
They
expressed
mixed
emotions
at
the
news.
他们对这个消息表现出复杂的感情。
Her
voice
trembled
with
emotion.她的声音因情绪激动而颤抖。
归纳拓展
emotional
adj.感情的;情感的;情绪的
emotionally
adv.感情上地;情绪上地;冲动地
mentally
adv.精神上地
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Mothers
are
often
the
ones
who
provide
(emotion)
support
for
the
family.
(2)When
I
heard
this
news
I
was
overcome
emotion.
(3)She
could
no
longer
hold
her
(emotion)
and
she
burst
into
tears.
2.翻译句子
他对于这件事情有复杂的心情。
_________________________________________
Point5
carry
out
用法详解
(1)履行;实施;执行
carry
out
a
promise/a
plan/an
order把承诺/计划
/命令付诸行动
He
has
made
a
lot
of
promises,but
none
of
them
have
been
carried
out.
他做出了很多承诺,但是没有哪一个被付诸行动。
(2)抬出去
Soon
they
carried
the
wounded
out
and
sent
them
to
hospital
immediately.
不久他们把伤员抬出来,立即送往医院。
归纳拓展
carry
on继续
carry
away带走,搬走;使激动,使着迷;冲走
carry
off成功完成;赢得,获得(奖项、奖杯)
经典例题
用carry的相关短语填空
(1)He
champion
easily
in
the
competition.
(2)They
were
abroad
during
the
months
when
we
the
investigation.
(3)I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
a
conversation
with
her.
(4)The
rising
flood
everything
they
had.
Point6
bring
about
用法详解
bring
about导致;引起,及物动词短语,后接名词或代词。
What
brought
about
the
change
in
his
attitude 什么导致他改变了态度
His
success
was
brought
about
by
hard
work
and
good
luck.
他的成功靠的是努力和好运气。
归纳拓展
bring
back把……送回;归还;使回忆起
bring
down减少;降低;使(飞机)着陆
bring
in赚得;挣;引进
bring
on促使(作物、水果等)成长
bring
out使显现;使表现出;阐明
bring
up抚养;养育;教养
经典例题
用bring的相关短语填空
(1)Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
(2)It
is
uncertain
what
side
effect
the
medicine
will
,although
about
two
thousand
patients
have
taken
it.
(3)He
by
his
aunt
after
his
parents
died.
(4)We
aim
to
prices
on
all
our
mobile
phones.
(5)Your
article
sad
memories
for
me.
Point7
help
out
用法详解
(1)帮忙,不及物动词短语,其后可接介词with。
I
don’t
work
here.I
just
help
out
at
the
moment.
我不在这儿工作。我现在只是帮忙。
I
help
out
with
the
secretarial
work.我帮着做些秘书的工作。
(2)帮助……摆脱困境,及物动词短语,后接宾语。
help
sb.out
of帮助某人摆脱困境
We
will
do
everything
we
can
to
help
him
out
of
trouble.
我们将竭尽全力来帮他走出困境。
(3)借钱给……,及物动词短语,后接宾语。
help
sb.out
with
a
loan借给了某人一笔钱
Jason
had
helped
him
out
with
a
series
of
loans,until
he
could
get
through
it.贾森接连借了几笔钱给他,直到他能挺过去。
归纳拓展
(1)can
not
help
doing
sth.忍不住做某事
can
not
help
but
do
sth.只好做某事
can
not
help
(to)
do
sth.不能帮忙做某事
give/lend
a
helping
hand帮助;伸出援助之手
with
one’s
help在某人帮助下
of
great
help很有帮助
(2)helper
n.帮手;助手
helpful
adj.有帮助的
helpless
adj.无助的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
teacher
is
(help)
to
the
students,and
hard-working.
(2)Newspapers,magazines
and
books
have
been
valuable
help
to
me
in
my
job.
(3)Some
days
you
need
a
(help)
hand
and
someone
will
help
you
.
(4)I
can’t
help
(feel)
sorry
for
the
poor
man.
(5)He
is
such
a
famous
professor
that
you
can’t
help
but
(respect)
him.
2.翻译句子
(1)在他的帮助下,我取得了很大的进步。
___________________________________________
(2)它们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。
_________________________________________
Point8
so
far
用法详解
so
far到目前为止,做状语,常与现在完成时连用。
So
far
we
have
done
a
lot
to
build
a
low-carbon
economy.
到目前为止,我们为建设低碳经济做了很多(工作)。
So
far
they
have
not
found
a
way
to
fight
the
virus.
迄今为止,他们还没有找到一种对抗该病毒的方法。
归纳拓展
as
far
as远到;就……而言
by
far(与比较级或最高级连用)
大大地;……得多
far
and
wide到处;各处;广泛地
far
from
远非
go
too
far走得太远;做得过分
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Despite
the
previous
rounds
of
talks,no
agreement
(reach)
so
far
by
the
two
sides.
(2)Planning
so
far
ahead
(make)
no
sense—so
many
things
will
have
changed
by
next
year.
2.用far的相关短语填空
(1)His
picture
is
perfect,but
looks
beautiful.
(2)This
applicant
is
the
better
than
that
one. 新人教（2019）必修二第二单元
Section
Ⅲ Reading
for
Writing
&
Assessing
Your
Progress
重点词汇讲解
Point1
survive
用法详解
(1)vi.生存;存活;继续存在
survive
from从……(时期)留存下来
survive
on靠……为生(=live/feed
on)
Of
the
six
people
injured
in
the
crash,only
two
survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中,只有两人活了下来。
I
can’t
survive
on
￡40
a
week.一星期40英镑,我无法维持生活。
(2)vt.幸存;幸免于难;艰难度过,其后接宾语。
The
company
managed
to
survive
the
crisis.公司设法渡过了危机。
Many
birds
didn’t
survive
the
severe
winter.很多鸟没有挺过这次严冬。
(3)vt.比……活(或存在)的时间长
(=outlive)
survive…by…years比……多活……年
She
survived
her
husband
by
ten
years.她比她的丈夫多活了十年。
归纳拓展
survival
n.生存;存活;幸存
survivor
n.生存者;存活者;幸存者
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
only
way
for
us
(survive)
on
the
earth
is
to
live
in
harmony
with
nature.
(2)Several
buildings
in
the
town
have
survived
the
Han
Dynasty.
(3)If
cancers
are
found
early,there’s
a
high
chance
of
(survive).
2.单句写作
(1)他们能在车祸中幸免于难真是幸运。
They
were
lucky
.
(2)据说大多数女性比男性活得久。
It’s
said
that
.
参考答案
1.(1)to
survive
(2)from
(3)survival
2.(1)to
survive
the
accident
(2)most
women
survive
man
Point2
cut
down
用法详解
(1)砍倒;砍伐
It
was
difficult
to
cut
the
tree
down
with
a
knife.
用一把刀很难把这棵树砍倒。
(2)缩小(尺寸)
;改小(衣服)
She
is
cutting
down
her
dress
for
her
younger
sister.
她正把自己的衣服改小,准备给妹妹穿。
(3)削减,其后可接介词on。
She
is
trying
to
cut
down
her
weight.她正设法减肥。
The
doctor
told
him
to
cut
down
on
his
drinking.医生劝他少喝酒。
归纳拓展
cut
across抄近路穿过;走近路
cut
in
(on)打断(谈话);插嘴
cut
off
中断(电话通话等);割掉;剪掉;隔绝
cut
out删除;删去;停止;剪下
cut
up切碎;剁碎
经典例题
用cut的相关短语填空
(1)The
water
supply
has
been
cut
because
the
workers
are
repairing
one
of
the
main
pipes.
(2)My
uncle
hasn’t
been
able
to
quit
smoking,but
at
least
he
has
cut
.
(3)—Tony,why
are
your
eyes
red
—I
have
been
cutting
peppers
for
the
last
five
minutes.
(4)I
cut
the
article
from
the
newspaper
and
stuck
it
to
my
notebook.
参考答案
(1)off
(2)down
(3)up
(4)out
Point3
stir
up
用法详解
(1)激励;鼓动
The
coach’s
encouraging
talk
stirred
up
the
team
to
win.
教练的鼓动性讲话激励全队去赢得胜利。
(2)激起(感情);挑起,煽动(争执或事端)
stir
up
hatred激起仇恨
stir
up
a
debate挑起争论
The
leader
was
accused
of
using
intemperate
language
to
stir
up
hatred
and
violence.这个领导者因为使用过激的语言煽动仇恨和暴力而受到指控。
(3)(水或空气中)搅起;吹起
The
wind
stirred
up
a
lot
of
dust.风吹起大量尘土。
归纳拓展
stir
sth.with
sth.用……搅拦……
stir
sth.into
sth.把……拌入……
stir
the
soup/tea搅动汤/茶
经典例题
1.写出stir
up的含义
(1)Bob
stirred
up
a
fight
between
Tom
and
Bill.
(2)The
car
stirred
up
cloud
of
dust
and
sped
by.
(3)The
teacher
stirred
up
students
to
set
higher
goals.
2.翻译句子
(1)她喜欢挑事。
____________________________
(2)她搅了搅茶,然后喝光了。
_____________________________________
参考答案
1.(1)挑起
(2)搅起
(3)激励
2.(1)She
likes
to
stir
up
trouble.
(2)
She
stirred
the
tea
and
drank
it
all.
Point4
emotion
用法详解
emotion
n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;情绪
mixed
emotion复杂的感情
with
emotion
激动地
Love,joy,hate,fear
and
grief
are
all
emotions.
爱、喜、恨、惧、悲都是情感。
They
expressed
mixed
emotions
at
the
news.
他们对这个消息表现出复杂的感情。
Her
voice
trembled
with
emotion.她的声音因情绪激动而颤抖。
归纳拓展
emotional
adj.感情的;情感的;情绪的
emotionally
adv.感情上地;情绪上地;冲动地
mentally
adv.精神上地
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Mothers
are
often
the
ones
who
provide
(emotion)
support
for
the
family.
(2)When
I
heard
this
news
I
was
overcome
emotion.
(3)She
could
no
longer
hold
her
(emotion)
and
she
burst
into
tears.
2.翻译句子
他对于这件事情有复杂的心情。
_________________________________________
参考答案
1.(1)emotional (2)with (3)emotions
2.He
has/had
mixed
emotions
about
it.
Point5
carry
out
用法详解
(1)履行;实施;执行
carry
out
a
promise/a
plan/an
order把承诺/计划
/命令付诸行动
He
has
made
a
lot
of
promises,but
none
of
them
have
been
carried
out.
他做出了很多承诺,但是没有哪一个被付诸行动。
(2)抬出去
Soon
they
carried
the
wounded
out
and
sent
them
to
hospital
immediately.
不久他们把伤员抬出来,立即送往医院。
归纳拓展
carry
on继续
carry
away带走,搬走;使激动,使着迷;冲走
carry
off成功完成;赢得,获得(奖项、奖杯)
经典例题
用carry的相关短语填空
(1)He
champion
easily
in
the
competition.
(2)They
were
abroad
during
the
months
when
we
the
investigation.
(3)I
hate
it
when
she
calls
me
at
work—I’m
always
too
busy
to
a
conversation
with
her.
(4)The
rising
flood
everything
they
had.
参考答案
(1)carried
off
(2)were
carrying
out
(3)carry
on
(4)carried
away
Point6
bring
about
用法详解
bring
about导致;引起,及物动词短语,后接名词或代词。
What
brought
about
the
change
in
his
attitude 什么导致他改变了态度
His
success
was
brought
about
by
hard
work
and
good
luck.
他的成功靠的是努力和好运气。
归纳拓展
bring
back把……送回;归还;使回忆起
bring
down减少;降低;使(飞机)着陆
bring
in赚得;挣;引进
bring
on促使(作物、水果等)成长
bring
out使显现;使表现出;阐明
bring
up抚养;养育;教养
经典例题
用bring的相关短语填空
(1)Working
with
the
medical
team
in
Africa
has
the
best
in
her
as
a
doctor.
(2)It
is
uncertain
what
side
effect
the
medicine
will
,although
about
two
thousand
patients
have
taken
it.
(3)He
by
his
aunt
after
his
parents
died.
(4)We
aim
to
prices
on
all
our
mobile
phones.
(5)Your
article
sad
memories
for
me.
参考答案
(1)brought
out (2)bring
about (3)was
brought
up (4)bring
down (5)brought
back
Point7
help
out
用法详解
(1)帮忙,不及物动词短语,其后可接介词with。
I
don’t
work
here.I
just
help
out
at
the
moment.
我不在这儿工作。我现在只是帮忙。
I
help
out
with
the
secretarial
work.我帮着做些秘书的工作。
(2)帮助……摆脱困境,及物动词短语,后接宾语。
help
sb.out
of帮助某人摆脱困境
We
will
do
everything
we
can
to
help
him
out
of
trouble.
我们将竭尽全力来帮他走出困境。
(3)借钱给……,及物动词短语,后接宾语。
help
sb.out
with
a
loan借给了某人一笔钱
Jason
had
helped
him
out
with
a
series
of
loans,until
he
could
get
through
it.贾森接连借了几笔钱给他,直到他能挺过去。
归纳拓展
(1)can
not
help
doing
sth.忍不住做某事
can
not
help
but
do
sth.只好做某事
can
not
help
(to)
do
sth.不能帮忙做某事
give/lend
a
helping
hand帮助;伸出援助之手
with
one’s
help在某人帮助下
of
great
help很有帮助
(2)helper
n.帮手;助手
helpful
adj.有帮助的
helpless
adj.无助的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
teacher
is
(help)
to
the
students,and
hard-working.
(2)Newspapers,magazines
and
books
have
been
valuable
help
to
me
in
my
job.
(3)Some
days
you
need
a
(help)
hand
and
someone
will
help
you
.
(4)I
can’t
help
(feel)
sorry
for
the
poor
man.
(5)He
is
such
a
famous
professor
that
you
can’t
help
but
(respect)
him.
2.翻译句子
(1)在他的帮助下,我取得了很大的进步。
___________________________________________
(2)它们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。
_________________________________________
参考答案
1.(1)helpful
(2)a
(3)helping;out
(4)feeling
(5)respect
2.(1)I
have
made
great
progress
with
his
help.
(2)They
are
of
great
help
to
learners
of
English.
Point8
so
far
用法详解
so
far到目前为止,做状语,常与现在完成时连用。
So
far
we
have
done
a
lot
to
build
a
low-carbon
economy.
到目前为止,我们为建设低碳经济做了很多(工作)。
So
far
they
have
not
found
a
way
to
fight
the
virus.
迄今为止,他们还没有找到一种对抗该病毒的方法。
归纳拓展
as
far
as远到;就……而言
by
far(与比较级或最高级连用)
大大地;……得多
far
and
wide到处;各处;广泛地
far
from
远非
go
too
far走得太远;做得过分
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Despite
the
previous
rounds
of
talks,no
agreement
(reach)
so
far
by
the
two
sides.
(2)Planning
so
far
ahead
(make)
no
sense—so
many
things
will
have
changed
by
next
year.
2.用far的相关短语填空
(1)His
picture
is
perfect,but
looks
beautiful.
(2)This
applicant
is
the
better
than
that
one.
参考答案
1.(1)has
been
reached (2)
makes
2.(1)far
from (2)by
far
