新人教（2019）必修二第一单元
Section
Ⅰ Listening
and
Speaking
&
Reading
and
Thinking
重点词汇讲解
Point1
former
用法详解
former
adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的
Many
of
his
former
supporters
voted
against
him.
他以前的许多支持者投票反对他。
特别提醒
the
former表示“前者”,the
latter表示“后者”,两者相对,只可用于两个人或物之间。
归纳拓展
former
president前总统
in
former
times从前
formerly
adv.以前;从前(=previously)
经典例题
单句写作
(1)它是土耳其过去的首都。
It
was of
Turkey.
(2)从前妇女很难得到认可。
,it
was
difficult
for
women
to
achieve
recognition.
(3)他追查到了堂弟和叔叔的下落,前者当了一名医生,后者当时正在病中。
He
tracked
down
his
cousin
and
uncle.
worked
as
a
doctor
and
was
sick
then.
参考答案
(1)the
former
capital
(2)In
former
times
(3)The
former;the
latter
Point2
promote
用法详解
promote
vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级
promote
the
development
of…促进……的发展
promote
sth.宣传/推广某事物
promote
sb.to…提升某人为……;
(使)某人晋升为……
The
band
has
gone
on
tour
to
promote
their
new
album.
这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。
She
worked
hard
and
was
soon
promoted.
她工作勤奋,不久就得到了提升。
The
boss
promoted
him
to
a
higher
rank
for
his
successful
work.
因为他工作干得出色,老板给他晋升了一级。
归纳拓展
promotion
n.晋升;(体育运动队的)晋级,升级;促销活动
promoter
n.(尤指体育赛事的)主办者,承办者;
提倡者
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。
All
our
projects
aim
to
poor
and
remote
communities.
(2)这名演员正在宣传他最新的影片。
The
actor
.
2.单句语法填空
(1)I
was
promotededitor
soon.
(2)Her(promote)
to
Sales
Manager
took
everyone
by
surprise.
(3)The
program
has
been
produced(promote)
the
publicity
of
Chinese
culture.
参考答案
1.(1)promote
the
development
of
(2)is
promoting
his
latest
film
2.(1)to (2)promotion (3)
to
promote
Point3
app(application)
用法详解
(1)application
n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)。app是其缩略形式。
create/make
an
app
about创建有关……的应用程序
fill
in
an
application
form填写申请表
make
an
application
for
申请……
Have
you
filled
in
the
application
form
for
a
new
passport
你填写领新护照的申请表了吗
Barbara
made
an
application
for
a
job
as
a
nurse.
芭芭拉申请了一份护士工作。
(2)application
n.涂抹;敷用
The
application
of
a
wet
cloth
will
prevent
cracking.
敷上一块湿布可防止出现开裂。
归纳拓展
(1)apply
vt.申请;应用;涂;敷;使专心从事
apply
for申请
apply
to
do申请做……
apply
to向……申请;适用于
apply…to把……运用于;把……涂/敷于
apply
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.专心于(做)某事
(2)applicant
n.申请人;求职者
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)We
had
to
write
a
paper
on
how
we
plan
to
apply
what
we
would
learn
in
class our
future
professions.
(2)Technology
is
also
the (apply)
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem.
(3)All
the (apply)
are
interviewed
before
a
final
decision
is
made
by
the
authority.
(4)He
applied
himself
diligently
to (learn)
French.
2.单句写作
这项新技术已被应用于农业。
The
new
technology
farming.
3.改为同义句
He
is
busy
making
an
application
for
a
job
interview.
→He
is
busy
a
job
interview.
参考答案
1.(1)to (2)application
(3)applicants (4)learning
2.has
been
applied
to
3.applying
for
Point4
take
part
in
用法详解
take
part
in参与(某事);参加(某活动)
How
many
countries
took
part
in
the
last
Olympic
Games
有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会
My
father
took
part
in
the
charity
activity
in
the
neighbourhood
yesterday.
我父亲昨天参加了社区的慈善活动。
归纳拓展
play
a
part
(in
sth.)参与(某事);在(某事)中起作用
take
sb.’s
part支持某人,站在某人一边
take
an
active
part
in积极参与
易混辨析take
part
in/join
in/participate
in/join
易混词(组)
意义
take
part
in
指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一定作用
join
in
通常指参加某种活动,尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动
participate
in
通常指参与并分享其中的快乐,可与take
part
in互换
join
加入(某党派、组织、社会团体以及军队等)
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们应该积极参加学校的活动。
We
should school
activities.
(2)年轻人在保护文物方面发挥了作用。
The
youth
the
cultural
relics.
(3)就这一次争论中我兄弟站在了我一边。
For
once
my
brother in
the
argument.
2.选词填空(take
part
in/join
in/participate
in/join)
(1)You
will
be
able
to a
number
of
activities
from
canoeing
to
wild
camping
on
Dartmoor.
(2)I
will
never
forget
the
day
when
I
the
Party.
(3)He
started
to
sing
and
I
.
参考答案
1.(1)take
an
active
part
in
(2)play
a
part
in
protecting
(3)took
my
part
2.(1)take
part
in/participate
in
(2)joined
(3)joined
in
Point5
give
way
to
用法详解
(1)让步;屈服(=give
in
to)
We
refused
to
give
way
to
their
demands.
我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。
He
should
give
way
to
a
younger,more
decisive
leader.
他应该让位于更年轻、更有决断力的领导者。
(2)让……先行;
让自己陷于(某种情绪等);被……代替
Give
way
to
traffic
coming
from
the
left.
让从左边来的车先行。
After
several
failures,he
gave
way
to
despair.
失败了好几次后,他陷入了绝望的深渊中。
But
over
the
following
days,my
excitement
gave
way
to
despair.
但在接下来的几天里,我的兴奋被绝望所取代。
归纳拓展
有关way的短语:
get
in
the
way
of挡……的路;妨碍
lead
the
way带路,引路;示范
feel
one’s
way摸索着前进;小心从事
pay
one’s
way支付应承担的费用;勉强维持
find
one’s
way找到路,设法到达
wind
one’s
way蜿蜒前进
make
one’s
way
(to…)(朝……)前进
特别提醒
表示“屈服”的词语:give
in,submit
经典例题
1.写出give
way
to的含义
(1)The
storm
gave
way
to
bright
sunshine.
(2)Throwing
herself
on
the
bed,she
gave
way
to
helplessness.
(3)Would
you
give
way
to
other
passengers,please
2.用way的相关短语填空
(1)After
clearing
his
throat,he
to
the
platform.
(2)It
was
so
foggy
that
we
had
to
home.
(3)Mr
Smith
couldn’t
understand
how
the
stranger
to
the
hotel.
3.改为同义句
You
shouldn’t
give
way
to
him
on
this
matter.
→You
shouldn’t
him
on
this
matter.
参考答案
1.(1)被……代替
(2)让自己陷于(某种情绪等)
(3)让……先行
2.(1)made
his
way
(2)feel
our
way
(3)found
his
way
3.give
in
to
Point6
preserve
用法详解
(1)vt.保存;保护;维持
preserve…from…保护……免于……
The
ship
is
equipped
with
special
refrigerating
devices
to
preserve
food.
船上装有特殊的冷藏设备,用来保存食物。
It’s
the
duty
of
the
police
to
preserve
the
public
order.
维护公共秩序是警察的职责。
The
society
was
set
up
to
preserve
endangered
species
from
extinction.
成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
(2)n.保护区;禁猎区;果酱;腌菜,泡菜
No
hunting
is
allowed
in
the
preserve.
在禁猎区内不许打猎。
Mother
made
some
preserves.
母亲做了一些腌菜。
归纳拓展
(1)“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语:
rescue/save/free…from…从……解救……
protect/defend/guard…from…保护……免受……
ban…from…禁止……做……
discourage…from…劝阻……不做……
(2)preservation
n.保护;维护;保存
preserved
adj.保存的;腌制的
be
well
preserved保存完好的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
town
is
so
beautiful!Its
character
is
well (preserve).
(2)We
should
eat
less (preserve)
food
as
it
may
be
associated
with
cancer.
(3)The
paintings
were
in
an
excellent
state
of (preserve).
(4)Salt
preserves
food
going
bad.
2.用“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语填空
(1)He
a
child
from
drowning.
(2)You
can’t people
from
saying
what
they
think.
(3)They
stayed
closer
to
themselves
from
the
strong
wind.
参考答案
1.(1)preserved
(2)preserved
(3)preservation
(4)from
2.(1)rescued/saved
(2)stop/keep/prevent/ban
(3)protect
Point7
balance
用法详解
(1)
n.平衡;均匀
keep/strike
a
balance
between…and…保持……与……之间的平衡
lose
one’s
balance失去平衡
out
of
balance不平衡
It
is
very
difficult
for
me
to
keep
a
balance
between
social
activities
and
studies.
让我在社交活动与学习之间保持平衡非常困难。
The
girl
lost
her
balance
and
fell
off
the
balance
beam.
小女孩失去了平衡,从平衡木上摔了下来。
(2)n.余额;差额
bank
balance银行存款
In
other
words,
the
balance
of
trade
may
cause
unhappiness
between
China
and
the
United
States.
换句话说,贸易的差额可能会引起中美之间的不愉快。
(3)vt.&
vi.(使)平衡;权衡;抵消
balance…and/with…同等重视/兼顾……和……
balance
sth.against
sth.使……与……抵消;权衡……与……
balance
on
one
leg单脚站立
She
tries
to
balance
home
life
and
career.
她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。
We
balance
the
benefits
against
the
costs
of
medical
insurance.
我们把医疗保险的好处与其开支加以权衡。
归纳拓展
balanced
adj.平稳的;安定的;和谐的
a
balanced
diet均衡的饮食
a
balanced
family和谐的家庭
特别提醒
表示“权衡……与……”的短语:weigh…against…
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们必须权衡事物的利与弊。
We
must of
things.
(2)他努力用一只脚站稳。
He
tried .
(3)我银行存款不多。
My isn’t
very
large.
2.单句语法填空
(1)He
cut
down
on
coffee
and
cigarettes,and
ate
a (balance)
diet.
(2)He
balanced
a
trip
to
the
mountains the
chance
of
a
summer
job.
(3)It
is
important
for
us
to
keep balance
of
nature.
3.改为同义句
(1)Try
to
keep
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation.
→Try
to work relaxation.
(2)We
must
balance
the
quality
of
the
product
against
its
cost.
→We
must
the
quality
of
the
product
against
its
cost.
参考答案
1.(1)balance
the
advantages
against
disadvantages
(2)to
balance
on
one
foot
(3)bank
balance
2.(1)balanced (2)against (3)the
3.(1)balance;and/with
(2)weigh
Point8
lead
to
用法详解
(1)导致;造成(后果),后接名词或动名词。
Many
of
these
chemicals
can
lead
to
cancer
or
other
illnesses.
这些化学物质中有很多会引起癌症或其他疾病。
Our
unfulfilled
desires
led
to
fighting
and
quarreling.
我们未实现的心愿导致了打架和争吵。
(2)通向……
As
is
known
to
us,all
roads
lead
to
Rome.
众所周知,条条大路通罗马。
归纳拓展
lead
sb.to…领某人去……(地方)
lead
sb.to
do
sth.致使某人做某事
特别提醒
表示“导致”的短语:result
in,give
rise
to,contribute
to;表示“通向”的短语:lead
up
to
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)All
the
roads (lead)
to
the
city
had
been
blocked.
(2)The
discovery
of
new
evidence
led
to
the
thief
(catch).
(3)What
led
you
this
conclusion
(4)The
news
led
us
(believe)
that
they
would
come.
2.改为同义句
An
ordinary
cold
can
soon
lead
to
a
fever.
→An
ordinary
cold
can
soon
a
fever.
参考答案
1.(1)leading
(2)being
caught
(3)to
(4)to
believe
2.result
in/contribute
to
Point9
proposal
用法详解
(1)n.建议;提议。其后接同位语从句或引起表语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。
accept/approve/consider
a
proposal采纳/批准/考虑建议
make
a
proposal
(to
sb.)
(向某人)提出建议
He
accepted
the
proposal
at
once,as
he
thought
it
was
just
a
friendly
contest.他立刻接受了这个提议,因为他认为那只是一场友谊赛而已。
I
make
a
proposal
that
we
(should)
hold
a
meeting
next
week.
我提了个建议,下周我们开个会。
His
proposal
is
that
we
(should)
get
rid
of
the
bad
habits.
他提议我们应该改掉这些不良习性。
(2)n.求婚
make/offer
a
proposal
to
sb.向某人求婚
He
has
fallen
in
love
with
a
farmer’s
daughter
and
has
made
a
proposal
to
her.他爱上了一个农夫的女儿,并已经向她求婚了。
归纳拓展
propose
vt.建议;提议;求婚;提名
propose
doing/to
do建议做……
propose+that
从句(should+动词原形)
建议/提议……
propose
to向……求婚
propose
a
toast
(to
sb.)(为某人)祝酒
特别提醒
表示“建议”的动词:suggest,recommend
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)To
her
disappointment,her
(propose)
was
refused
at
the
meeting.
(2)He
proposed (change)
the
name
of
the
company.
(3)I
made
a
proposal
that
he (send)
to
hospital
at
once.
2.改为同义句
(1)Tom
proposed
delaying
our
decision
until
the
next
meeting.
→Tom
delaying
our
decision
until
the
next
meeting.
(2)He
made
a
proposal
to
his
girlfriend
but
was
refused.
→He
to
his
girlfriend
but
was
refused.
参考答案
1.(1)proposal (2)changing/to
change
(3)(should)
be
sent
2.(1)suggested/recommended (2)proposed
Point10
protest
用法详解
n.抗议
make
a
protest
against对……提出抗议
raise
a
storm
of
protest
引起了一场抗议风潮
in
protest
at/against以示抗议
The
announcement
raised
a
storm
of
protest.
这个声明引起了一场抗议风潮。
The
people
made
a
protest
against
the
rise
in
prices.
人们对价格上涨提出抗议。
(2)vi.&
vt.(公开)反对;抗议
protest
about/against/at
(公开)反对;抗议
protest
bitterly/strongly
强烈抗议
Environmentalists
have
been
protesting
about
the
destruction
of
Amazon
rainforests.环境保护主义者一直在抗议对亚马孙河热带雨林的破坏。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Students
took
to
the
streets
to
protest the
decision.
(2)It’s
no
use (protest);
I
won’t
change
my
mind.
(3)They
went
on
strike(罢工) (protest)
at
the
new
policy.
2.改为同义句
All
local
farmers
protested
against
building
the
new
airport
on
their
farmland.
→All
local
farmers
building
the
new
airport
on
their
farmland.
参考答案
1.(1)against/about/at
(2)protesting
(3)to
protest
2.made
a
protest
against
Point11
likely
用法详解
(1)adv.可能地。可以与very连用,比较级、最高级分别为more/less
likely,most/least
likely。
You’ll
most
likely
see
these
animals
at
dusk.
黄昏时分你最有可能会看到那些动物。
(2)adj.可能的。常做表语,比较级、最高级分别为more/less
likely,most/least
likely。
be
likely
to
do可能做……
It
is
likely
that…可能……
Tickets
are
likely
to
be
expensive.入场券可能很贵。
It’s
more
than
likely
that
the
thieves
don’t
know
how
much
it
is
worth.
盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。
归纳拓展
unlikely
adj.不大可能的
易混辨析likely/possible/probable
易混词
意义
likely
指从外表、迹象上判断,有可能发生。与probable意思相近。likely
既可用人,也可用物做主语,句型是It
is
likely
that…或
Sb./Sth.is
likely
to
(do)…
possible
客观上有可能,含有希望很小的意味。常用句型有It
is
possible
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.或It
is
possible
that…。possible做表语时不能用人做主语
probable
可能性比possible大,表示“很可能”。常用句型有It
is
probable
that…或It
is
possible
(for
sb.)
to
do…。probable做表语时也不能用人做主语
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Children’s
early
sleeping
problems
are
likely (continue)
when
they
grow
up.
(2)Depressed
patients
are (likely)
to
become
ill
than
normal
people.
(3)Stephen
Hawking
believed
that
the
earth
is (likely)
to
be
the
only
planet
where
life
has
developed
gradually.
2.选词填空(likely/possible/probable)
(1)There
are
only
a
few
clouds.The
weather
is to
be
fine.
(2)It
seems that
the
meeting
will
not
be
a
success,as
someone
has
left
halfway.
(3)Would
it
be for
me
to
leave
a
message
for
her
3.一句多译
我们可能晚些时候会见到他。
(1) (likely
adj.)
(2) (likely
adv.)
(3) (possible)
参考答案
1.(1)to
continue
(2)more
likely
(3)unlikely
2.(1)likely
(2)
probable
(3)possible
3.(1)We
are
likely
to
see
him
later.
(2)We
will
likely
see
him
later.
(3)It
is
possible
for
us
to
see
him
later.
Point12
turn
to
用法详解
(1)求助于
He
often
turns
to
me
for
help
when
he
is
in
trouble.
他有麻烦时常向我求助。
I
have
no
one
but
you
to
turn
to.
你是我唯一可以请求帮助的人。
(2)致力于
More
and
more
people
turn
to
computer
science.
愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。
(3)转向
“Just
a
minute,”
the
American
says,turning
to
his
hostess.
“且慢!”那个美国人一边说着一边转向他的女主人。
(4)翻到
If
you
turn
to
Page
40,you
will
find
it.
翻到第40页,你就会找到它。
(5)变成
It
is
getting
colder,and
I
think
the
rain
will
soon
turn
to
snow.
天越来越冷,我想雨很快就会变成雪。
归纳拓展
有关turn的短语:
turn
around/round转身 turn
down关小;拒绝
turn
in上缴;上交
turn
off关掉
turn
up出现;露面;调大
turn
over移交;打翻;翻身
turn
out
生产;结果是;出动
经典例题
1.写出turn
to的含义
(1)He
couldn’t
earn
a
living
as
a
novelist,so
he
turned
to
a
journalist.
(2)Let
me
turn
to
my
notes
to
refresh
my
memory
of
the
figures.
(3)As
no
help
came,people’s
sadness
turned
to
helplessness.
2.用turn的相关短语填空
(1)Don’t
the
computer
before
closing
all
programs,or
you
could
have
problems.
(2)Much
to
the
family’s
surprise,Dennis
at
the
hospital
with
gifts
for
the
new
mother
and
her
baby.
(3)However,anger
can
easily
violence,and
it
is
best
to
know
the
reasons
for
anger.
(4)How
could
you
such
a
fantastic
job
when
you
have
been
out
of
work
for
months
参考答案
1.(1)改行,转向
(2)参看,查阅
(3)变成
2.(1)turn
off
(2)
turned
up
(3)turn
to
(4)
turn
down
Point13
limit
用法详解
(1)vt.限制;限定
limit
sth.to
sth.把……限定在……的范围内
be
limited
to
sth.受限制于……
Try
to
limit
your
speech
to
five
minutes.
尽量把你的演讲限制在5分钟内。
The
teaching
of
history
should
not
be
limited
to
dates
and
figures.
教授历史不应该局限于讲年代和人物。
(2)n.界限;限度
put/set
a
limit
to…对……限制
within
the
limits
of
在……的范围内
without
limit无限(制)地
There
is
a
limit
to…有对……的限制
They
have
to
set
a
limit
to
the
expense
of
the
trip.
他们不得不限制这趟旅行的费用。
Our
life
has
a
limit,but
knowledge
is
without
limit.
生命有限,知识无涯。
归纳拓展
limitless
adj.无限制的;无界限的
limited
adj.有限的
limitation
n.局限;控制
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)I
was
sorry
that
my
vocabularies
were
so (limit)
that
I
could
find
no
words
to
describe
it.
(2)I’ll
help
as
much
as
I
can,but
there
is
a
limit what
I
can
do.
(3)There
are (limit)
possibilities
if
you
keep
an
open
mind.
2.单句写作
(1)你最好给每月的开支设置限度。
You
had
better the
monthly
expenses.
(2)那孩子的想象力是无限的。
the
child’s
imagination.
参考答案
1.(1)limited (2)to (3)limitless
2.(1)set
a
limit
to
(2)There
is
no
limit
to
Point14
loss
用法详解
(1)n.丧失;损失
loss
of
sight失明
at
a
loss不知所措;蒙受损失
be
a
loss
to
sb.对某人来说是一种损失
I’m
at
a
loss
what
to
do
next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。
(2)n.去世;逝世
The
loss
of
his
wife
was
a
great
blow
to
him.
他妻子的去世对他是个巨大的打击。
归纳拓展
lose
vt.失去
lose
one’s
job失业
lost
adj.迷路的;迷失的;丢失的
make
up
for
lost
time弥补失去的时间
be
lost
in迷失于;沉浸于
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)失明完全改变了他的生活。
has
completely
changed
his
life.
(2)有五双鞋可供选择,但我不知道买哪一双。
There
are
five
pairs
of
shoes
to
choose
from,but
I’m
which
pair
to
buy.
2.单句语法填空
(1)She
was
silent
for
a
while, (lose)
in
thought.
(2)The
closure
of
the
factory
will
lead
to
a
number
of
job (lose).
参考答案
1.(1)
Loss
of
sight
(2)
at
a
loss
2.(1)lost
(2)losses
Point15
contribution
用法详解
n.捐款,捐资;贡献;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)
为……做贡献
Personally,I
am
ready
to
make
a
contribution
to
those
who
are
badly
off.
就我而言,我是很乐意捐款给那些穷困潦倒的人的。
Everyone
should
make
a
contribution
to
protecting
the
environment.
每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。
All
contributions
for
the
May
issue
must
be
received
by
Friday.
所有要在五月这一期发表的稿件必须在星期五以前寄到。
归纳拓展
contribute
vt.捐献;撰稿;是……的原因之一
contribute
to为……捐献/撰稿;导致;促成
contributor
n.投稿人;捐款者;(节目的)嘉宾
特别提醒
表示“向……捐款”的短语:donate
to
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)We
contributed
￡5,000 the
earthquake
fund.
(2)Who
made
a
great
(contribute)
to
the
civil-rights
movement
in
the
US
(3)He
was
awarded
a
prize
for
his
contribution
to (protect)
the
environment.
2.改为同义句
They
made
a
contribution
to
the
relief
fund.
→They
the
relief
fund.
参考答案
1.(1)to
(2)contribution
(3)protecting
2.contributed/donated
to
Point16
within
用法详解
(1)prep.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
within
reach
of在……附近(距离不远)……
within
one’s
reach在某人够得着的范围
within
sight
of
能看见(在眼前)……
within
walking
distance
步行距离内
You
can
go
by
bus,but
it’s
within
walking
distance.
你可以乘公共汽车去,但那儿很近,走过去就行。
We
are
now
within
range
of
enemy
fire.
我们现在处于敌人的火力射程以内。
(2)prep.在……里;在……内部
within
oneself从某人内心 come
from
within来自于内心
It
built
up
a
state
of
tension
within
themselves.
那使他们心里十分紧张。
(3)adv.里面
A
small
voice
called
from
within,“Yes,just
coming.”
里面传来一个轻柔的声音:“好,就来。”
特别提醒
within的反义词是beyond,介词,表示“超出……的范围”。相关短语:beyond
one’s
reach够不着;beyond
doubt毫无疑问
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我确实相信美丽来自内在。
I
truly
believe
that
beauty .
(2)恐怕我不能在这周内完成报告。
I’m
afraid
I
can’t
finish
the
report
.
(3)我们住在离伦敦很近的地方。
We
live
London.
2.一句多译
那水果我够不着。
(1)
(within)
(2)
(beyond)
参考答案
1.(1)comes
from
within
(2)within
this
week
(3)within
easy
reach
of
2.(1)The
fruit
is/was
not
within
my
reach.
(2)
The
fruit
is/was
beyond
my
reach.
Point17
issue
用法详解
(1)n.重要议题;争论的问题;问题
We
need
to
do
our
best
to
address
important
issues.
我们需要尽最大努力解决重要的问题。
(2)n.(杂志等)一期;期号
The
article
appeared
in
the
latest
issue
of
the
magazine.
该文发表在最新一期杂志上。
(3)n.发行;分发
I
bought
a
set
of
the
new
stamps
on
the
date
of
issue.
我在新邮票发行的当天就买了一套。
(4)vt.宣布;公布
issue
sth.(to
sb.)
(向某人)
宣布某事
They
issued
a
joint
statement
denying
the
charges.
他们发表联合声明否认指控。
(5)vt.出版,发行
The
editor
told
me
that
he
would
issue
my
recent
poems
in
about
a
month’s
time.编辑告诉我,他将在大约一个月后出版我最近的诗作。
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)政府发布了有关流感的报告。
The
government
on
the
flu.
(2)保持中华传统文化是一个热点问题。
Maintaining
Chinese
traditional
culture
is .
(3)下个月将发行奥运会邮票。
Olympic
stamps
next
month.
2.写出issue的含义
(1)They
issued
a
special
set
of
stamps
to
mark
the
occasion.
(2)She
usually
writes
about
environmental
issues.
参考答案
1.(1)issued
a
report
(2)a
hot
issue
(3)will
be
issued
2.(1)发行
(2)问题
Point18
conduct
用法详解
(1)n.[U]行为;品行
bad/violent
conduct品行不端/暴力行为
Two
players
were
sent
off
for
violent
conduct.
两名球员因暴力行为被罚出场。
(2)n.指导;管理
under
the
conduct
of…在……管理/指导下
Under
the
conduct
of
his
father,their
business
was
very
successful.
在他父亲的管理下,他们的事业相当成功。
(3)vt.组织;安排;实施;执行
conduct
a
survey/an
experiment/an
interview进行调查/实验/面试
I
decided
to
conduct
an
experiment.我决定进行一次实验。
(4)vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
Who
conducts
the
orchestra
谁指挥交响乐团
(5)vt.举止;表现
conduct
oneself
well/badly举止、表现好/差=behave
oneself
well/badly
He
conducted
himself
far
better
than
expected.他表现得比预料的要好得多。
(6)vt.带领;引导;为(某人)导游
conduct
sb.into/to…领某人进入/到……
conduct
sb.over/around…引导某人参观……
He
conducted
me
into
the
room.他领我进入房间。
归纳拓展
conductor
n.指挥;列车长;(公共汽车的)售票员
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Experiments
of
this
kind (conduct)
in
both
the
US
and
Europe
well
before
the
Second
World
War.
(2)The
police
officers
decided (conduct)
a
thorough
review
of
the
case.
(3)You
will
learn
how
to
conduct (you)
at
meetings
in
English.
2.翻译句子
(1)导游带领我们游览了长城。
________________________
(2)那人正在进行求职面试。
_________________________
(3)小男孩在客人面前表现得很好。
_______________________________
参考答案
1.(1)had
been
conducted
(2)
to
conduct
(3)yourself
2.(1)The
guide
conducted
us
around/over
the
Great
Wall.
(2)The
man
is
conducting
a
job
interview.
(3)The
little
boy
conducted
well
before
the
guests.
Point19
donate
用法详解
(1)vt.&
vi.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠,赠送
donate…to…向……捐赠……
donate
to向……捐赠
He
donated
thousands
of
pounds
to
charity.
他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。
He
donated
to
cancer
research.
他捐款支持癌症研究工作。
(2)vt.献(血);捐献(器官)
donate
blood
献血
donate
a
body
organ捐献器官
Yes,it’s
all
our
duty
to
donate
blood.
是的,献血是我们每个人的义务。
归纳拓展
donation
n.捐赠;献(血);捐赠物
make
a
donation
to向……捐赠
donator
n.捐赠者;捐款人
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)This
has
led
companies
and
individuals (donate)
money
to
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment.
(2)People
should
be
encouraged
to
make
more (donate).
(3)All (donate)
blood
is
tested
for
HIV
and
other
infections.
2.改为同义句
I
was
inspired
to
make
a
donation
to
the
organization.
→I
was
inspired
to
to
the
organization.
参考答案
1.(1)to
donate
(2)donations
(3)donated
2.contribute/donate
Point20
prevent
用法详解
(1)vt.防止;预防
Vitamin
A
can
help
prevent
eye
damage
and
blindness.
维生素A有助于预防眼损害和失明。
(2)vt.阻止;阻碍
prevent…(from)
doing阻止……做
be
prevented
from
doing
被阻止做……(from不能省略)
Nothing
can
prevent
us
(from)
carrying
out
the
plan.
什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
He
is
prevented
by
law
from
holding
a
licence.
法律不准他持有执照。
归纳拓展
prevention
n.防止;预防;阻止;阻碍
preventable
adj.可以预防的;可以防止的
preventive
adj.预防性的;防备的
特别提醒
表示“阻止……做……”的短语:stop/keep/prevent…from…,但是与keep搭配的from,在主动语态、被动语态中都不能省略;与stop,prevent搭配的from,在主动语态中可以省略,在被动语态中不能省略。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
new
project
is
to
prevent
the
birds
from (kill).
(2)Scientists
are
trying
to
find
ways (prevent)
disease.
(3)We
should
pay
attention
to
the
(prevent)
of
diseases.
2.改为同义句
Nothing
would
prevent
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
→(1)Nothing
would
prevent
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
→(2)Nothing
would
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
参考答案
1.(1)being
killed
(2)to
prevent
(3)prevention
2.(1)from
(2)keep/stop
Point21
attempt
用法详解
(1)vt.努力;尝试;试图(=try/seek)
attempt
the
exam
试图通过考试
attempt
to
do努力/尝试做
attempt
sb.’s
life企图杀害某人
He
is
attempting
a
difficult
task.
他正在试图完成一项困难的任务。
He
attempted
to
get
in
touch
with
them
but
without
success.
他试图和他们取得联系,但没有成功。
(2)n.企图;试图;尝试
in
an
attempt
to
do试图做
make
no
attempt
to
do没有企图做
make
an
attempt
at
尝试
at
one’s
first
attempt在某人第一次尝试时
Two
factories
were
closed
in
an
attempt
to
cut
costs.
为削减费用,关闭了两家工厂。
They
made
no
attempt
to
escape.
他们没有企图逃跑。
I
passed
my
driving
test
at
the
first
attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。
归纳拓展
attempted
adj.未遂的
attempted
murder/robbery
谋杀/抢劫未遂
特别提醒
表示“试图”的动词:try,seek,attempt
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt (climb)
Kilimanjaro,the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
(2)Two
sisters
have
been
charged(指控)
with (attempt)
murder.
(3)He
studied
hard an
attempt
to
pass
the
exam.
2.一句多译
他们在试图用新的方法保护文化遗址。
(1) (attempt)
(2) (try)
(3) (seek)
参考答案
1.(1)to
climb
(2)attempted
(3)in
2.(1)
They
are
making
an
attempt/attempting
to
protect
cultural
relics
in
a
new
way.
(2)They
are
trying
to
protect
cultural
relics
in
a
new
way.
(3)They
are
seeking
to
protect
cultural
relics
in
a
new
way.
Point22
make
sure
用法详解
(1)make
sure确保;设法保证。其后接that引导的宾语从句,有时that可以省略,常用在祈使句中。
He
looked
in
the
bathroom
to
make
sure
that
he
was
alone.
他往浴室里看了看,确定就他一个人。
Make
sure
you
understand
exactly
how
to
take
your
medicine.
一定要弄明白你该如何服药。
(2)make
sure后可接不定式,但不能接动名词。
Make
sure
to
turn
off
the
light
before
you
leave.临走前一定要熄灯。
Please
make
sure
to
remember
this
password.一定要记住这个密码。
(3)make
sure后接of短语,表示“确保;确定”含义。
He
had
stopped
to
catch
his
breath
and
make
sure
of
his
directions.
他曾停下来喘口气,同时确定一下方向。
You’d
better
make
sure
of
your
shoe
size.你最好弄清楚你鞋子的尺码。
归纳拓展
be
sure
to
do务必做……
be
sure+that从句
肯定……
be
sure
of/about对……确信无疑/有把握
经典例题
1.翻译句子
(1)确保明天按时参加会议。
__________________________
(2)离开前确保灯关掉了。
_______________________
(3)你最好弄清楚聚会的时间和地点。
_______________________________
2.单句语法填空
(1)I
shall
certainly
be
present
at
the
meeting,but
I
am
not
sure Mike.
(2)If
you
swim
in
a
river
or
lake,be
sure (investigate)
what
is
below
the
water
surface.
参考答案
1.(1)
Make
sure
to
attend
the
meeting
on
time
tomorrow.
(2)Make
sure
(that)
the
light
is
turned
off
before
leaving.
(3)You’d
better
make
sure
of
the
time
and
place
of
the
party.
2.(1)about
(2)to
investigate
Point23
worthwhile
用法详解
(1)adj.值得的;值得做的。可做表语或补语。
It
is
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth.做某事是值得的
make…
worthwhile使……值得的
be/become
worthwhile
值得的
It
isn’t
worthwhile
quarreling
with
her
about
such
boring
things.
和她为这样的无聊事争吵不值得。
Thank
you
for
making
my
visit
so
worthwhile.
感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值。
(2)adj.有意义的;值得花费时间的;真正有价值的。常做定语。
She
is
trying
to
find
a
worthwhile
job.
她正试图去找一份好的工作。
易混辨析worthwhile/worthy/worth
易混词
意义
worthwhile
意为“值得的”,常用句型It
is
worthwhile
doing
sth./
to
do
sth.;可做宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语
worthy
意为“值得的”,常用句型
be
worthy
of
being
done/to
be
done或“be
worthy
of
+名词”;表示“值得尊敬的”时,常做定语
worth
意为“值得的”,常用句型be
worth
doing,动名词主动形式表示被动含义;常做表语。be
worth
it值得的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
Chinese
classic
music
is
worth (save).
(2)I
don’t
think
it
is
worthwhile (buy)
things
which
are
not
needed.
(3)The
event
is
worthy
of
(remember).
2.选词填空(worthwhile/worth/worthy)
(1)Most
students
agreed
that
the
experience
was it.
(2)He
was
willing
to
accept
any
constructive
advice
for
a cause.
(3)Find
out
the
reason,and
then
making
the
mistake
becomes .
参考答案
1.(1)saving
(2)to
buy/buying
(3)being
remembered
2.(1)worth
(2)worthy
(3)worthwhile新人教（2019）必修二第一单元
Section
Ⅰ Listening
and
Speaking
&
Reading
and
Thinking
重点词汇讲解
Point1
former
用法详解
former
adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的
Many
of
his
former
supporters
voted
against
him.
他以前的许多支持者投票反对他。
特别提醒
the
former表示“前者”,the
latter表示“后者”,两者相对,只可用于两个人或物之间。
归纳拓展
former
president前总统
in
former
times从前
formerly
adv.以前;从前(=previously)
经典例题
单句写作
(1)它是土耳其过去的首都。
It
was of
Turkey.
(2)从前妇女很难得到认可。
,it
was
difficult
for
women
to
achieve
recognition.
(3)他追查到了堂弟和叔叔的下落,前者当了一名医生,后者当时正在病中。
He
tracked
down
his
cousin
and
uncle.
worked
as
a
doctor
and
was
sick
then.
Point2
promote
用法详解
promote
vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级
promote
the
development
of…促进……的发展
promote
sth.宣传/推广某事物
promote
sb.to…提升某人为……;
(使)某人晋升为……
The
band
has
gone
on
tour
to
promote
their
new
album.
这个乐队已开始巡回宣传他们的新唱片。
She
worked
hard
and
was
soon
promoted.
她工作勤奋,不久就得到了提升。
The
boss
promoted
him
to
a
higher
rank
for
his
successful
work.
因为他工作干得出色,老板给他晋升了一级。
归纳拓展
promotion
n.晋升;(体育运动队的)晋级,升级;促销活动
promoter
n.(尤指体育赛事的)主办者,承办者;
提倡者
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。
All
our
projects
aim
to
poor
and
remote
communities.
(2)这名演员正在宣传他最新的影片。
The
actor
.
2.单句语法填空
(1)I
was
promotededitor
soon.
(2)Her(promote)
to
Sales
Manager
took
everyone
by
surprise.
(3)The
program
has
been
produced(promote)
the
publicity
of
Chinese
culture.
Point3
app(application)
用法详解
(1)application
n.申请(表);用途;运用;应用(程序)。app是其缩略形式。
create/make
an
app
about创建有关……的应用程序
fill
in
an
application
form填写申请表
make
an
application
for
申请……
Have
you
filled
in
the
application
form
for
a
new
passport
你填写领新护照的申请表了吗
Barbara
made
an
application
for
a
job
as
a
nurse.
芭芭拉申请了一份护士工作。
(2)application
n.涂抹;敷用
The
application
of
a
wet
cloth
will
prevent
cracking.
敷上一块湿布可防止出现开裂。
归纳拓展
(1)apply
vt.申请;应用;涂;敷;使专心从事
apply
for申请
apply
to
do申请做……
apply
to向……申请;适用于
apply…to把……运用于;把……涂/敷于
apply
oneself
to
(doing)
sth.专心于(做)某事
(2)applicant
n.申请人;求职者
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)We
had
to
write
a
paper
on
how
we
plan
to
apply
what
we
would
learn
in
class our
future
professions.
(2)Technology
is
also
the (apply)
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem.
(3)All
the (apply)
are
interviewed
before
a
final
decision
is
made
by
the
authority.
(4)He
applied
himself
diligently
to (learn)
French.
2.单句写作
这项新技术已被应用于农业。
The
new
technology
farming.
3.改为同义句
He
is
busy
making
an
application
for
a
job
interview.
→He
is
busy
a
job
interview.
Point4
take
part
in
用法详解
take
part
in参与(某事);参加(某活动)
How
many
countries
took
part
in
the
last
Olympic
Games
有多少个国家参加了上届奥运会
My
father
took
part
in
the
charity
activity
in
the
neighbourhood
yesterday.
我父亲昨天参加了社区的慈善活动。
归纳拓展
play
a
part
(in
sth.)参与(某事);在(某事)中起作用
take
sb.’s
part支持某人,站在某人一边
take
an
active
part
in积极参与
易混辨析take
part
in/join
in/participate
in/join
易混词(组)
意义
take
part
in
指参加群众性活动、会议、劳动、游行等,往往指参加者持有积极的态度,起一定作用
join
in
通常指参加某种活动,尤其指和其他人一起参加某项活动
participate
in
通常指参与并分享其中的快乐,可与take
part
in互换
join
加入(某党派、组织、社会团体以及军队等)
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们应该积极参加学校的活动。
We
should school
activities.
(2)年轻人在保护文物方面发挥了作用。
The
youth
the
cultural
relics.
(3)就这一次争论中我兄弟站在了我一边。
For
once
my
brother in
the
argument.
2.选词填空(take
part
in/join
in/participate
in/join)
(1)You
will
be
able
to a
number
of
activities
from
canoeing
to
wild
camping
on
Dartmoor.
(2)I
will
never
forget
the
day
when
I
the
Party.
(3)He
started
to
sing
and
I
.
Point5
give
way
to
用法详解
(1)让步;屈服(=give
in
to)
We
refused
to
give
way
to
their
demands.
我们拒绝对他们的要求让步。
He
should
give
way
to
a
younger,more
decisive
leader.
他应该让位于更年轻、更有决断力的领导者。
(2)让……先行;
让自己陷于(某种情绪等);被……代替
Give
way
to
traffic
coming
from
the
left.
让从左边来的车先行。
After
several
failures,he
gave
way
to
despair.
失败了好几次后,他陷入了绝望的深渊中。
But
over
the
following
days,my
excitement
gave
way
to
despair.
但在接下来的几天里,我的兴奋被绝望所取代。
归纳拓展
有关way的短语:
get
in
the
way
of挡……的路;妨碍
lead
the
way带路,引路;示范
feel
one’s
way摸索着前进;小心从事
pay
one’s
way支付应承担的费用;勉强维持
find
one’s
way找到路,设法到达
wind
one’s
way蜿蜒前进
make
one’s
way
(to…)(朝……)前进
特别提醒
表示“屈服”的词语:give
in,submit
经典例题
1.写出give
way
to的含义
(1)The
storm
gave
way
to
bright
sunshine.
(2)Throwing
herself
on
the
bed,she
gave
way
to
helplessness.
(3)Would
you
give
way
to
other
passengers,please
2.用way的相关短语填空
(1)After
clearing
his
throat,he
to
the
platform.
(2)It
was
so
foggy
that
we
had
to
home.
(3)Mr
Smith
couldn’t
understand
how
the
stranger
to
the
hotel.
3.改为同义句
You
shouldn’t
give
way
to
him
on
this
matter.
→You
shouldn’t
him
on
this
matter.
Point6
preserve
用法详解
(1)vt.保存;保护;维持
preserve…from…保护……免于……
The
ship
is
equipped
with
special
refrigerating
devices
to
preserve
food.
船上装有特殊的冷藏设备,用来保存食物。
It’s
the
duty
of
the
police
to
preserve
the
public
order.
维护公共秩序是警察的职责。
The
society
was
set
up
to
preserve
endangered
species
from
extinction.
成立这个协会是为了保护濒危物种免于灭绝。
(2)n.保护区;禁猎区;果酱;腌菜,泡菜
No
hunting
is
allowed
in
the
preserve.
在禁猎区内不许打猎。
Mother
made
some
preserves.
母亲做了一些腌菜。
归纳拓展
(1)“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语:
rescue/save/free…from…从……解救……
protect/defend/guard…from…保护……免受……
ban…from…禁止……做……
discourage…from…劝阻……不做……
(2)preservation
n.保护;维护;保存
preserved
adj.保存的;腌制的
be
well
preserved保存完好的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
town
is
so
beautiful!Its
character
is
well (preserve).
(2)We
should
eat
less (preserve)
food
as
it
may
be
associated
with
cancer.
(3)The
paintings
were
in
an
excellent
state
of (preserve).
(4)Salt
preserves
food
going
bad.
2.用“动词+宾语+from”结构的短语填空
(1)He
a
child
from
drowning.
(2)You
can’t people
from
saying
what
they
think.
(3)They
stayed
closer
to
themselves
from
the
strong
wind.
Point7
balance
用法详解
(1)
n.平衡;均匀
keep/strike
a
balance
between…and…保持……与……之间的平衡
lose
one’s
balance失去平衡
out
of
balance不平衡
It
is
very
difficult
for
me
to
keep
a
balance
between
social
activities
and
studies.
让我在社交活动与学习之间保持平衡非常困难。
The
girl
lost
her
balance
and
fell
off
the
balance
beam.
小女孩失去了平衡,从平衡木上摔了下来。
(2)n.余额;差额
bank
balance银行存款
In
other
words,
the
balance
of
trade
may
cause
unhappiness
between
China
and
the
United
States.
换句话说,贸易的差额可能会引起中美之间的不愉快。
(3)vt.&
vi.(使)平衡;权衡;抵消
balance…and/with…同等重视/兼顾……和……
balance
sth.against
sth.使……与……抵消;权衡……与……
balance
on
one
leg单脚站立
She
tries
to
balance
home
life
and
career.
她力图兼顾家庭生活和事业。
We
balance
the
benefits
against
the
costs
of
medical
insurance.
我们把医疗保险的好处与其开支加以权衡。
归纳拓展
balanced
adj.平稳的;安定的;和谐的
a
balanced
diet均衡的饮食
a
balanced
family和谐的家庭
特别提醒
表示“权衡……与……”的短语:weigh…against…
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我们必须权衡事物的利与弊。
We
must of
things.
(2)他努力用一只脚站稳。
He
tried .
(3)我银行存款不多。
My isn’t
very
large.
2.单句语法填空
(1)He
cut
down
on
coffee
and
cigarettes,and
ate
a (balance)
diet.
(2)He
balanced
a
trip
to
the
mountains the
chance
of
a
summer
job.
(3)It
is
important
for
us
to
keep balance
of
nature.
3.改为同义句
(1)Try
to
keep
a
balance
between
work
and
relaxation.
→Try
to work relaxation.
(2)We
must
balance
the
quality
of
the
product
against
its
cost.
→We
must
the
quality
of
the
product
against
its
cost.
Point8
lead
to
用法详解
(1)导致;造成(后果),后接名词或动名词。
Many
of
these
chemicals
can
lead
to
cancer
or
other
illnesses.
这些化学物质中有很多会引起癌症或其他疾病。
Our
unfulfilled
desires
led
to
fighting
and
quarreling.
我们未实现的心愿导致了打架和争吵。
(2)通向……
As
is
known
to
us,all
roads
lead
to
Rome.
众所周知,条条大路通罗马。
归纳拓展
lead
sb.to…领某人去……(地方)
lead
sb.to
do
sth.致使某人做某事
特别提醒
表示“导致”的短语:result
in,give
rise
to,contribute
to;表示“通向”的短语:lead
up
to
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)All
the
roads (lead)
to
the
city
had
been
blocked.
(2)The
discovery
of
new
evidence
led
to
the
thief
(catch).
(3)What
led
you
this
conclusion
(4)The
news
led
us
(believe)
that
they
would
come.
2.改为同义句
An
ordinary
cold
can
soon
lead
to
a
fever.
→An
ordinary
cold
can
soon
a
fever.
Point9
proposal
用法详解
(1)n.建议;提议。其后接同位语从句或引起表语从句,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,即“(should)+动词原形”。
accept/approve/consider
a
proposal采纳/批准/考虑建议
make
a
proposal
(to
sb.)
(向某人)提出建议
He
accepted
the
proposal
at
once,as
he
thought
it
was
just
a
friendly
contest.他立刻接受了这个提议,因为他认为那只是一场友谊赛而已。
I
make
a
proposal
that
we
(should)
hold
a
meeting
next
week.
我提了个建议,下周我们开个会。
His
proposal
is
that
we
(should)
get
rid
of
the
bad
habits.
他提议我们应该改掉这些不良习性。
(2)n.求婚
make/offer
a
proposal
to
sb.向某人求婚
He
has
fallen
in
love
with
a
farmer’s
daughter
and
has
made
a
proposal
to
her.他爱上了一个农夫的女儿,并已经向她求婚了。
归纳拓展
propose
vt.建议;提议;求婚;提名
propose
doing/to
do建议做……
propose+that
从句(should+动词原形)
建议/提议……
propose
to向……求婚
propose
a
toast
(to
sb.)(为某人)祝酒
特别提醒
表示“建议”的动词:suggest,recommend
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)To
her
disappointment,her
(propose)
was
refused
at
the
meeting.
(2)He
proposed (change)
the
name
of
the
company.
(3)I
made
a
proposal
that
he (send)
to
hospital
at
once.
2.改为同义句
(1)Tom
proposed
delaying
our
decision
until
the
next
meeting.
→Tom
delaying
our
decision
until
the
next
meeting.
(2)He
made
a
proposal
to
his
girlfriend
but
was
refused.
→He
to
his
girlfriend
but
was
refused.
Point10
protest
用法详解
n.抗议
make
a
protest
against对……提出抗议
raise
a
storm
of
protest
引起了一场抗议风潮
in
protest
at/against以示抗议
The
announcement
raised
a
storm
of
protest.
这个声明引起了一场抗议风潮。
The
people
made
a
protest
against
the
rise
in
prices.
人们对价格上涨提出抗议。
(2)vi.&
vt.(公开)反对;抗议
protest
about/against/at
(公开)反对;抗议
protest
bitterly/strongly
强烈抗议
Environmentalists
have
been
protesting
about
the
destruction
of
Amazon
rainforests.环境保护主义者一直在抗议对亚马孙河热带雨林的破坏。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Students
took
to
the
streets
to
protest the
decision.
(2)It’s
no
use (protest);
I
won’t
change
my
mind.
(3)They
went
on
strike(罢工) (protest)
at
the
new
policy.
2.改为同义句
All
local
farmers
protested
against
building
the
new
airport
on
their
farmland.
→All
local
farmers
building
the
new
airport
on
their
farmland.
Point11
likely
用法详解
(1)adv.可能地。可以与very连用,比较级、最高级分别为more/less
likely,most/least
likely。
You’ll
most
likely
see
these
animals
at
dusk.
黄昏时分你最有可能会看到那些动物。
(2)adj.可能的。常做表语,比较级、最高级分别为more/less
likely,most/least
likely。
be
likely
to
do可能做……
It
is
likely
that…可能……
Tickets
are
likely
to
be
expensive.入场券可能很贵。
It’s
more
than
likely
that
the
thieves
don’t
know
how
much
it
is
worth.
盗贼很可能不知道此物的价值。
归纳拓展
unlikely
adj.不大可能的
易混辨析likely/possible/probable
易混词
意义
likely
指从外表、迹象上判断,有可能发生。与probable意思相近。likely
既可用人,也可用物做主语,句型是It
is
likely
that…或
Sb./Sth.is
likely
to
(do)…
possible
客观上有可能,含有希望很小的意味。常用句型有It
is
possible
(for
sb.)
to
do
sth.或It
is
possible
that…。possible做表语时不能用人做主语
probable
可能性比possible大,表示“很可能”。常用句型有It
is
probable
that…或It
is
possible
(for
sb.)
to
do…。probable做表语时也不能用人做主语
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Children’s
early
sleeping
problems
are
likely (continue)
when
they
grow
up.
(2)Depressed
patients
are (likely)
to
become
ill
than
normal
people.
(3)Stephen
Hawking
believed
that
the
earth
is (likely)
to
be
the
only
planet
where
life
has
developed
gradually.
2.选词填空(likely/possible/probable)
(1)There
are
only
a
few
clouds.The
weather
is to
be
fine.
(2)It
seems that
the
meeting
will
not
be
a
success,as
someone
has
left
halfway.
(3)Would
it
be for
me
to
leave
a
message
for
her
3.一句多译
我们可能晚些时候会见到他。
(1) (likely
adj.)
(2) (likely
adv.)
(3) (possible)
Point12
turn
to
用法详解
(1)求助于
He
often
turns
to
me
for
help
when
he
is
in
trouble.
他有麻烦时常向我求助。
I
have
no
one
but
you
to
turn
to.
你是我唯一可以请求帮助的人。
(2)致力于
More
and
more
people
turn
to
computer
science.
愈来愈多的人从事计算机科学研究。
(3)转向
“Just
a
minute,”
the
American
says,turning
to
his
hostess.
“且慢!”那个美国人一边说着一边转向他的女主人。
(4)翻到
If
you
turn
to
Page
40,you
will
find
it.
翻到第40页,你就会找到它。
(5)变成
It
is
getting
colder,and
I
think
the
rain
will
soon
turn
to
snow.
天越来越冷,我想雨很快就会变成雪。
归纳拓展
有关turn的短语:
turn
around/round转身 turn
down关小;拒绝
turn
in上缴;上交
turn
off关掉
turn
up出现;露面;调大
turn
over移交;打翻;翻身
turn
out
生产;结果是;出动
经典例题
1.写出turn
to的含义
(1)He
couldn’t
earn
a
living
as
a
novelist,so
he
turned
to
a
journalist.
(2)Let
me
turn
to
my
notes
to
refresh
my
memory
of
the
figures.
(3)As
no
help
came,people’s
sadness
turned
to
helplessness.
2.用turn的相关短语填空
(1)Don’t
the
computer
before
closing
all
programs,or
you
could
have
problems.
(2)Much
to
the
family’s
surprise,Dennis
at
the
hospital
with
gifts
for
the
new
mother
and
her
baby.
(3)However,anger
can
easily
violence,and
it
is
best
to
know
the
reasons
for
anger.
(4)How
could
you
such
a
fantastic
job
when
you
have
been
out
of
work
for
months
Point13
limit
用法详解
(1)vt.限制;限定
limit
sth.to
sth.把……限定在……的范围内
be
limited
to
sth.受限制于……
Try
to
limit
your
speech
to
five
minutes.
尽量把你的演讲限制在5分钟内。
The
teaching
of
history
should
not
be
limited
to
dates
and
figures.
教授历史不应该局限于讲年代和人物。
(2)n.界限;限度
put/set
a
limit
to…对……限制
within
the
limits
of
在……的范围内
without
limit无限(制)地
There
is
a
limit
to…有对……的限制
They
have
to
set
a
limit
to
the
expense
of
the
trip.
他们不得不限制这趟旅行的费用。
Our
life
has
a
limit,but
knowledge
is
without
limit.
生命有限,知识无涯。
归纳拓展
limitless
adj.无限制的;无界限的
limited
adj.有限的
limitation
n.局限;控制
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)I
was
sorry
that
my
vocabularies
were
so (limit)
that
I
could
find
no
words
to
describe
it.
(2)I’ll
help
as
much
as
I
can,but
there
is
a
limit what
I
can
do.
(3)There
are (limit)
possibilities
if
you
keep
an
open
mind.
2.单句写作
(1)你最好给每月的开支设置限度。
You
had
better the
monthly
expenses.
(2)那孩子的想象力是无限的。
the
child’s
imagination.
Point14
loss
用法详解
(1)n.丧失;损失
loss
of
sight失明
at
a
loss不知所措;蒙受损失
be
a
loss
to
sb.对某人来说是一种损失
I’m
at
a
loss
what
to
do
next.我对下一步做什么心里没谱。
(2)n.去世;逝世
The
loss
of
his
wife
was
a
great
blow
to
him.
他妻子的去世对他是个巨大的打击。
归纳拓展
lose
vt.失去
lose
one’s
job失业
lost
adj.迷路的;迷失的;丢失的
make
up
for
lost
time弥补失去的时间
be
lost
in迷失于;沉浸于
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)失明完全改变了他的生活。
has
completely
changed
his
life.
(2)有五双鞋可供选择,但我不知道买哪一双。
There
are
five
pairs
of
shoes
to
choose
from,but
I’m
which
pair
to
buy.
2.单句语法填空
(1)She
was
silent
for
a
while, (lose)
in
thought.
(2)The
closure
of
the
factory
will
lead
to
a
number
of
job (lose).
Point15
contribution
用法详解
n.捐款,捐资;贡献;稿件
make
a
contribution
to
(doing)
为……做贡献
Personally,I
am
ready
to
make
a
contribution
to
those
who
are
badly
off.
就我而言,我是很乐意捐款给那些穷困潦倒的人的。
Everyone
should
make
a
contribution
to
protecting
the
environment.
每个人都应当为保护环境做贡献。
All
contributions
for
the
May
issue
must
be
received
by
Friday.
所有要在五月这一期发表的稿件必须在星期五以前寄到。
归纳拓展
contribute
vt.捐献;撰稿;是……的原因之一
contribute
to为……捐献/撰稿;导致;促成
contributor
n.投稿人;捐款者;(节目的)嘉宾
特别提醒
表示“向……捐款”的短语:donate
to
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)We
contributed
￡5,000 the
earthquake
fund.
(2)Who
made
a
great
(contribute)
to
the
civil-rights
movement
in
the
US
(3)He
was
awarded
a
prize
for
his
contribution
to (protect)
the
environment.
2.改为同义句
They
made
a
contribution
to
the
relief
fund.
→They
the
relief
fund.
Point16
within
用法详解
(1)prep.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
within
reach
of在……附近(距离不远)……
within
one’s
reach在某人够得着的范围
within
sight
of
能看见(在眼前)……
within
walking
distance
步行距离内
You
can
go
by
bus,but
it’s
within
walking
distance.
你可以乘公共汽车去,但那儿很近,走过去就行。
We
are
now
within
range
of
enemy
fire.
我们现在处于敌人的火力射程以内。
(2)prep.在……里;在……内部
within
oneself从某人内心 come
from
within来自于内心
It
built
up
a
state
of
tension
within
themselves.
那使他们心里十分紧张。
(3)adv.里面
A
small
voice
called
from
within,“Yes,just
coming.”
里面传来一个轻柔的声音:“好,就来。”
特别提醒
within的反义词是beyond,介词,表示“超出……的范围”。相关短语:beyond
one’s
reach够不着;beyond
doubt毫无疑问
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)我确实相信美丽来自内在。
I
truly
believe
that
beauty .
(2)恐怕我不能在这周内完成报告。
I’m
afraid
I
can’t
finish
the
report
.
(3)我们住在离伦敦很近的地方。
We
live
London.
2.一句多译
那水果我够不着。
(1)
(within)
(2)
(beyond)
Point17
issue
用法详解
(1)n.重要议题;争论的问题;问题
We
need
to
do
our
best
to
address
important
issues.
我们需要尽最大努力解决重要的问题。
(2)n.(杂志等)一期;期号
The
article
appeared
in
the
latest
issue
of
the
magazine.
该文发表在最新一期杂志上。
(3)n.发行;分发
I
bought
a
set
of
the
new
stamps
on
the
date
of
issue.
我在新邮票发行的当天就买了一套。
(4)vt.宣布;公布
issue
sth.(to
sb.)
(向某人)
宣布某事
They
issued
a
joint
statement
denying
the
charges.
他们发表联合声明否认指控。
(5)vt.出版,发行
The
editor
told
me
that
he
would
issue
my
recent
poems
in
about
a
month’s
time.编辑告诉我,他将在大约一个月后出版我最近的诗作。
经典例题
1.单句写作
(1)政府发布了有关流感的报告。
The
government
on
the
flu.
(2)保持中华传统文化是一个热点问题。
Maintaining
Chinese
traditional
culture
is .
(3)下个月将发行奥运会邮票。
Olympic
stamps
next
month.
2.写出issue的含义
(1)They
issued
a
special
set
of
stamps
to
mark
the
occasion.
(2)She
usually
writes
about
environmental
issues.
Point18
conduct
用法详解
(1)n.[U]行为;品行
bad/violent
conduct品行不端/暴力行为
Two
players
were
sent
off
for
violent
conduct.
两名球员因暴力行为被罚出场。
(2)n.指导;管理
under
the
conduct
of…在……管理/指导下
Under
the
conduct
of
his
father,their
business
was
very
successful.
在他父亲的管理下,他们的事业相当成功。
(3)vt.组织;安排;实施;执行
conduct
a
survey/an
experiment/an
interview进行调查/实验/面试
I
decided
to
conduct
an
experiment.我决定进行一次实验。
(4)vt.指挥(歌唱或音乐演奏)
Who
conducts
the
orchestra
谁指挥交响乐团
(5)vt.举止;表现
conduct
oneself
well/badly举止、表现好/差=behave
oneself
well/badly
He
conducted
himself
far
better
than
expected.他表现得比预料的要好得多。
(6)vt.带领;引导;为(某人)导游
conduct
sb.into/to…领某人进入/到……
conduct
sb.over/around…引导某人参观……
He
conducted
me
into
the
room.他领我进入房间。
归纳拓展
conductor
n.指挥;列车长;(公共汽车的)售票员
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Experiments
of
this
kind (conduct)
in
both
the
US
and
Europe
well
before
the
Second
World
War.
(2)The
police
officers
decided (conduct)
a
thorough
review
of
the
case.
(3)You
will
learn
how
to
conduct (you)
at
meetings
in
English.
2.翻译句子
(1)导游带领我们游览了长城。
________________________
(2)那人正在进行求职面试。
_________________________
(3)小男孩在客人面前表现得很好。
_______________________________
Point19
donate
用法详解
(1)vt.&
vi.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠,赠送
donate…to…向……捐赠……
donate
to向……捐赠
He
donated
thousands
of
pounds
to
charity.
他向慈善事业捐款数千英镑。
He
donated
to
cancer
research.
他捐款支持癌症研究工作。
(2)vt.献(血);捐献(器官)
donate
blood
献血
donate
a
body
organ捐献器官
Yes,it’s
all
our
duty
to
donate
blood.
是的,献血是我们每个人的义务。
归纳拓展
donation
n.捐赠;献(血);捐赠物
make
a
donation
to向……捐赠
donator
n.捐赠者;捐款人
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)This
has
led
companies
and
individuals (donate)
money
to
developing
countries
to
buy
computer
equipment.
(2)People
should
be
encouraged
to
make
more (donate).
(3)All (donate)
blood
is
tested
for
HIV
and
other
infections.
2.改为同义句
I
was
inspired
to
make
a
donation
to
the
organization.
→I
was
inspired
to
to
the
organization.
Point20
prevent
用法详解
(1)vt.防止;预防
Vitamin
A
can
help
prevent
eye
damage
and
blindness.
维生素A有助于预防眼损害和失明。
(2)vt.阻止;阻碍
prevent…(from)
doing阻止……做
be
prevented
from
doing
被阻止做……(from不能省略)
Nothing
can
prevent
us
(from)
carrying
out
the
plan.
什么也无法阻挡我们去实施这个计划。
He
is
prevented
by
law
from
holding
a
licence.
法律不准他持有执照。
归纳拓展
prevention
n.防止;预防;阻止;阻碍
preventable
adj.可以预防的;可以防止的
preventive
adj.预防性的;防备的
特别提醒
表示“阻止……做……”的短语:stop/keep/prevent…from…,但是与keep搭配的from,在主动语态、被动语态中都不能省略;与stop,prevent搭配的from,在主动语态中可以省略,在被动语态中不能省略。
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
new
project
is
to
prevent
the
birds
from (kill).
(2)Scientists
are
trying
to
find
ways (prevent)
disease.
(3)We
should
pay
attention
to
the
(prevent)
of
diseases.
2.改为同义句
Nothing
would
prevent
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
→(1)Nothing
would
prevent
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
→(2)Nothing
would
him
speaking
out
against
injustice.
Point21
attempt
用法详解
(1)vt.努力;尝试;试图(=try/seek)
attempt
the
exam
试图通过考试
attempt
to
do努力/尝试做
attempt
sb.’s
life企图杀害某人
He
is
attempting
a
difficult
task.
他正在试图完成一项困难的任务。
He
attempted
to
get
in
touch
with
them
but
without
success.
他试图和他们取得联系,但没有成功。
(2)n.企图;试图;尝试
in
an
attempt
to
do试图做
make
no
attempt
to
do没有企图做
make
an
attempt
at
尝试
at
one’s
first
attempt在某人第一次尝试时
Two
factories
were
closed
in
an
attempt
to
cut
costs.
为削减费用,关闭了两家工厂。
They
made
no
attempt
to
escape.
他们没有企图逃跑。
I
passed
my
driving
test
at
the
first
attempt.
我考汽车驾驶执照一次就通过了。
归纳拓展
attempted
adj.未遂的
attempted
murder/robbery
谋杀/抢劫未遂
特别提醒
表示“试图”的动词:try,seek,attempt
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)Every
year
about
40,000
people
attempt (climb)
Kilimanjaro,the
highest
mountain
in
Africa.
(2)Two
sisters
have
been
charged(指控)
with (attempt)
murder.
(3)He
studied
hard an
attempt
to
pass
the
exam.
2.一句多译
他们在试图用新的方法保护文化遗址。
(1) (attempt)
(2) (try)
(3) (seek)
Point22
make
sure
用法详解
(1)make
sure确保;设法保证。其后接that引导的宾语从句,有时that可以省略,常用在祈使句中。
He
looked
in
the
bathroom
to
make
sure
that
he
was
alone.
他往浴室里看了看,确定就他一个人。
Make
sure
you
understand
exactly
how
to
take
your
medicine.
一定要弄明白你该如何服药。
(2)make
sure后可接不定式,但不能接动名词。
Make
sure
to
turn
off
the
light
before
you
leave.临走前一定要熄灯。
Please
make
sure
to
remember
this
password.一定要记住这个密码。
(3)make
sure后接of短语,表示“确保;确定”含义。
He
had
stopped
to
catch
his
breath
and
make
sure
of
his
directions.
他曾停下来喘口气,同时确定一下方向。
You’d
better
make
sure
of
your
shoe
size.你最好弄清楚你鞋子的尺码。
归纳拓展
be
sure
to
do务必做……
be
sure+that从句
肯定……
be
sure
of/about对……确信无疑/有把握
经典例题
1.翻译句子
(1)确保明天按时参加会议。
__________________________
(2)离开前确保灯关掉了。
_______________________
(3)你最好弄清楚聚会的时间和地点。
_______________________________
2.单句语法填空
(1)I
shall
certainly
be
present
at
the
meeting,but
I
am
not
sure Mike.
(2)If
you
swim
in
a
river
or
lake,be
sure (investigate)
what
is
below
the
water
surface.
Point23
worthwhile
用法详解
(1)adj.值得的;值得做的。可做表语或补语。
It
is
worthwhile
doing/to
do
sth.做某事是值得的
make…
worthwhile使……值得的
be/become
worthwhile
值得的
It
isn’t
worthwhile
quarreling
with
her
about
such
boring
things.
和她为这样的无聊事争吵不值得。
Thank
you
for
making
my
visit
so
worthwhile.
感谢你们使我的访问如此有价值。
(2)adj.有意义的;值得花费时间的;真正有价值的。常做定语。
She
is
trying
to
find
a
worthwhile
job.
她正试图去找一份好的工作。
易混辨析worthwhile/worthy/worth
易混词
意义
worthwhile
意为“值得的”,常用句型It
is
worthwhile
doing
sth./
to
do
sth.;可做宾语、定语、表语、宾语补足语
worthy
意为“值得的”,常用句型
be
worthy
of
being
done/to
be
done或“be
worthy
of
+名词”;表示“值得尊敬的”时,常做定语
worth
意为“值得的”,常用句型be
worth
doing,动名词主动形式表示被动含义;常做表语。be
worth
it值得的
经典例题
1.单句语法填空
(1)The
Chinese
classic
music
is
worth (save).
(2)I
don’t
think
it
is
worthwhile (buy)
things
which
are
not
needed.
(3)The
event
is
worthy
of
(remember).
2.选词填空(worthwhile/worth/worthy)
(1)Most
students
agreed
that
the
experience
was it.
(2)He
was
willing
to
accept
any
constructive
advice
for
a cause.
(3)Find
out
the
reason,and
then
making
the
mistake
becomes .
