被动语态
1、基础达标训练
1．（2021·浙江温州市·高一期中）Right
now,
the
deer
______
(watch)
over
by
many
volunteers.
2．（2021·静宁县第一中学高一月考）They________
(spot)
by
the
police
as
they
were
entering
the
bank.
3．（2021·江苏省镇江中学高一月考）Breakfast
________(serve)
between
7:00
and
8:00
tomorrow
morning,
we'd
better
get
up
early.
4．（2021·全国高一课时练习）Your
passport
____(return)
to
you
when
you
check
out
of
your
hotel.
5．（2021·甘肃兰州市·兰州一中高一期末）In
the
near
future,
more
advances
in
the
robot
technology
________
(make)
by
scientists.
6．（2021·全国高一期末）The
family
________
(trap)
on
the
roof
by
the
flood
yesterday.
7．（2021·全国高一期末）There
is
so
much
noise
upstairs—a
party
________
(hold)
by
some
young
people.
8．（2021·全国高一期末）Most
of
the
wells
in
this
village
________
(pollute)
up
to
now.
9．（2021·全国高一期末）It
is
said
that
laws
________
(introduce)
next
year
to
protect
ancient
relics.
10．（2021·全国高一期末）According
to
reports,
nowadays
sharks
________
(kill)
at
a
surprising
rate
worldwide
per
year.
11．（2021·全国高一期末）More
than
$10
million
________
(spend)
carrying
out
the
project
by
the
end
of
last
year.
12．（2021·全国高一期末）Over
the
past
three
years,
the
paintings
________
(take)
to
more
than
20
museums
in
the
world.
13．（2021·全国高一期末）More
than
30,000
yuan
________
(raise)
for
the
poor
family
since
the
foundation
was
founded.
14．（2021·浙江高一月考）The
meeting
that
___________
(hold)
now
is
of
great
importance.
15．（2021·泉州科技中学高一期中）Generally,
Charles
Babbage
________(consider
)
to
be
the
first
to
invent
a
computer.
16．（2021·全国高一课时练习）It
is
said
that
the
number
of
employees
____
(reduce)from
40
to
25.
17．（2021·全国高一课时练习）When
and
where
to
go
for
the
on-salary
holiday
________
(not
decide)
yet.
18．（2021·全国高一课时练习）The
new
generation
of
computers,
with
artificial
intelligence,
________
(develop)
and
perfected
now.
19．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈师大附中高二期中）Kim
was
completely
________
(wear)
out
after
jogging
in
the
hot
sun
all
afternoon.
20．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二期中）Research
findings
have
shown
that
about
20
percent
of
people
can________
(classify)as
“night
owls.”
21．（2021·长春北师大附属学校高二月考）The
dinner
________
(eat)
by
the
time
Sam
joined
them.
22．（2021·全国高二课时练习）You
can’t
see
things
clearly
through
a
telescope
unless
it
________
(adjust)
correctly
to
your
sight.
23．（2021·全国高二课时练习）I
was
sent
to
the
village
last
month
to
see
how
the
development
plan
____________
(carry)
out
in
the
following
two
years.
24．（2021·江苏无锡市·高二期末）All
the
staff
members
agreed
that
the
earned
incomes
________
(distribute)
upon
the
principle
of
equality.
25．（2021·静宁县第一中学高一月考）No
one
who
has
not
received
education
and
training
in
safety
shall
________
(permit)
to
work
in
the
position.
26．（2020·全国高一课时练习）Bad
customs
and
laws
ought
to
________（abandon）,
since
they
are
inappropriate
for
the
development
of
the
society.
27．（2021·南昌市新建区第一中学高二期中）This
new
film
may________(adapt)
from
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen.
28．（2020·全国高三专题练习）When
you
visit
our
town
next
August,
a
modern
sports
center
will
________(construct),
for
the
National
Games
are
to
be
held
then.
29．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）The
master
of
the
Coolidge,
Henry
Nelson,
claimed
he________（not
warn）that
the
harbor
was
mined.
30．（2021·全国高一期末）We
were
told
that
the
carnival
________
(hold)next
week.
31．（2020·上海市奉贤区奉城高级中学高一期中）They
said
the
work
________
(finish)
in
ten
days.
32．（2021·全国高一期末）Every
possible
means
________
(use)
to
prevent
the
air
pollution,
but
the
sky
is
still
not
clear.
33．（2020·惠州市华罗庚中学高二月考）Our
class______________(
consist)
of
23
girls
and
29
boys.
34．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）Your
composition________（read）beautifully.
Is
it
the
one
I
saw
you
write
yesterday
35．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）With
a
lot
of
homework
________
(finish),
the
sleepy
boy
can't
go
to
sleep
as
he
wishes.
36．（2021·全国高一专题练习）The
broken
computer
needs________
(repair).
37．（2020·全国高一课时练习）What
the
general
manager
said
was
worth
________（write）down.
38．（2021·苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高一期中）I
don’t
think
the
windows
need________
(clean)
at
this
time
of
the
night.
39．（2021·苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高二期中）We
have
made
environmental
policies
for
business
________
(observe).
40．（2020·全国高三）The
young
trees
we
planted
last
week
require
___________(look)
after
with
great
care.
二、能力提升训练
1．（2020·天津高一期末）--
Excuse
me,
sir,
can
I
take
this
road
to
Tianjin
Railway
Station
--
Sorry,
you'd
better
not.
A
bridge
to
it
______
at
the
moment.
A．is
being
repaired
B．has
been
repaired
C．will
be
repaired
D．is
repaired
2．（2021·上海市金山中学高一期中）I
firmly
believe
that
the
project,
if________
according
to
the
plan,
will
definitely
work
out
well.
A．carrying
out
B．being
carried
out
C．carried
out
D．to
be
carried
out
3．（2021·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Technology
giants
are
fighting
for
their
future
as
consumers
switch
their
loyalties
from
personal
computers
to
mobile
devices.
By
2025,
5
billion
people_________
to
be
carrying
around
the
tiny
computers
in
their
pockets.
A．are
expected
B．will
be
expected
C．have
been
expected
D．will
have
been
expected
4．（2021·广东高一期末）The
number
of
deaths
from
heart
disease
will
be
reduced
greatly
if
people
______
to
eat
more
fruit
and
vegetables.
A．are
persuaded
B．will
persuade
C．be
persuaded
D．persuaded
5．（2021·广东高一期末）A
new
stadium
______
at
present
in
our
city.
Work
on
it
______
in
another
two
months.
A．is
built;
will
complete
B．is
being
built;
will
complete
C．is
being
built;
will
be
completed
D．is
building;
will
be
completed
6．（2021·深圳市高级中学高一期末）At
the
moment
further
research
into
the
virus
_____
out.
It
will
soon
be
shown
to
the
public.
A．were
carried
B．has
been
carried
C．is
being
carried
D．are
carried
7．（2021·华东师范大学附属东昌中学高一期中）The
old
man,
who
________
in
the
rope,
saw
the
fishing
spear
________
into
the
shark’s
head.
A．was
wrapping,
threw
B．wrapped,
being
thrown
C．was
wrapped,
thrown
D．wrapping,
throw
8．（2021·长春市第二十九中学高一期中）The
princess’
hat
was
really
fancy,
which
________
with
gold
and
jewels.
A．decorated
B．decorates
C．was
decorated
D．was
decorating
9．（2019·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Afterschool
we
went
to
the
reading
room
to
do
some
reading,
only
________
that
it
________.
A．being
told;
was
decorated
B．telling,
had
decorated
C．to
be
told;
was
being
decorated
D．told;
had
been
decorating
10．（2021·江西南昌市·南昌二中高一期末）We
are
confident
that
the
environment
________
by
our
further
effort
to
reduce
pollution.
A．has
improved
B．will
be
improved
C．is
improved
D．has
been
improved
11．（2021·广东江门市·高一期末）It
is
well-known
that
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games
______
in
Bejing.
A．are
held
B．will
be
held
C．held
D．will
hold
12．（2021·全国高一）He
believes
that
VR
films________
by
most
people.
A．will
accept
B．have
accepted
C．has
been
accepted
D．will
be
accepted
13．（2021·全国高一）I
don’t
know
when
he
______
to
work
in
that
country,
perhaps
next
week.
A．was
tested
B．will
be
tested
C．has
been
tested
D．tested
14．（2021·全国高一）A
special
committee
of
scientists___________
to
study
AI's
effects
on
economy
in
the
years
ahead.
A．have
established.
B．will
be
established.
C．are
established.
D．is
establishing
15．（2019·上海复旦附中高一期末）Fears
haunted
him
those
days
______
he
______
down
by
the
scandal.
A．that;
dragged
B．that;
would
be
dragged
C．which;
had
been
dragged
D．when;
would
drag
16．（2020·天津一中高一期末）The
discovery
of
gold
in
Australia
led
thousands
to
believe
that
a
fortune____.
A．is
made
B．would
make
C．would
be
made
D．had
made
17．（2021·广东茂名市·高一期末）Jan
feels
very
glad
because
her
life
________by
the
Internet.
A．have
been
great
improved
B．has
been
greatly
improved
C．has
greatly
improved
D．has
been
greatly
improving
18．（2021·上海高一月考）Up
till
now,
the
passengers
who
had
close
contact
with
the
three
sick
people
________
in
hospital
under
medical
observation.
A．put
B．has
put
C．have
been
put
D．being
put
19．（2021·长春市第二十九中学高一期中）Three-fourths
of
the
homework
________.
A．has
finished
B．has
been
finished
C．have
finished
D．have
been
finished
20．（2021·广东茂名市·高一期末）Quickly
after
the
quakes
the
government
sent
workers
to
build
shelters
for
survivors
whose
homes
________.
A．had
destroyed
B．were
destroyed
C．had
been
destroyed
D．has
been
destroyed
21．（2021·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Ceres
remains
the
largest
known
asteroids（小行星）in
the
sky.
It
means
almost
600
miles
in
diameter.
By
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century,
several
hundred
other
asteroids_________.
A．were
identified
B．had
identified
C．have
been
identified
D．had
been
identified
22．（2020·上海理工大学附属中学高一月考）The
officer
command
that
the
wounded
_______
to
hospital
as
soon
as
possible.
A．would
be
sent
B．should
be
sent
C．need
to
send
D．should
send
23．（2019·江苏南京市·高一期末）I
wonder
what
makes
TikTok
popular
among
people
of
all
ages.
People
have
devoted
most
of
their
energies
which
______for
other
more
significant
things.
A．would
be
saved
B．could
have
been
saved
C．must
have
been
saved
D．should
be
saved
24．（2021·江西南昌市·南昌二中高一期末）Our
singing
club
Melody
had
to
________,
because
some
members’
health
_______
under
high
study
pressure,
which
was
a
pity.
A．break
up;
was
broken
down
B．be
broken
up;
broke
down
C．break
down;
broke
up
D．break
up;
broke
down
25．（2021·广东实验中学高一期末）If
the
dictionary
______
you，put
it
where
it
______.
A．doesn’t
belong
to;
belongs
to
B．isn’t
belong
to;
is
belonged
C．doesn’t
belong
to;
belongs
D．isn’t
belong
to;
is
belonged
to
26．（2020·深圳实验学校高一期中）I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
________
the
cloth
_________
well.
A．have
told;
washed
B．have
been
told;
washes
C．have
been
told;
washed
D．was
told;
washed
27．（2021·嫩江市高级中学高二期末）This
is
her
only
request
that
the
room________
after
being
used.
A．be
cleaned
B．is
cleaned
C．would
be
cleaned
D．will
be
cleaned
28．（2021·全国高二）He
told
us
that
the
building
________
when
he
came
to
the
city
two
years
ago.
A．has
been
destroyed
B．has
destroyed
C．had
been
destroyed
D．was
destroyed
29．（2021·广州市禺山高级中学高二月考）The
dictionary
as
well
as
the
grammar
books
that
________
bookmarks
in
them
________
Jane.
A．has;
belong
to
B．have;
belongs
to
C．have;
is
belonged
to
D．has;
are
belonged
to
30．（2021·唐山市第十一中学高二月考）I
don’t
think
the
song
is
worth________.
A．listen
to
B．listening
C．being
listened
to
D．listening
to
31．（2021·广东广州市·执信中学高二月考）Even
though
the
top
of
the
mountain
is
difficult
________,
many
people
have
managed
to
do
it.
A．to
be
reached
B．to
get
to
C．to
arrive
D．got
32．（2021·全国高二）I
find
these
problems
are
easy
________________.
A．to
be
worked
out
B．to
work
them
out
C．to
work
out
D．to
be
worked
them
out
33．（2021·天水市第一中学高二期中）Mosquitoes
are
_______
for
many
diseases,
including
Ebola.
A．to
blame
B．blamed
C．to
be
blamed
D．blaming
34．（2021·全国高二）In
my
opinion,
it
is
the
present
examination
system
rather
than
the
teachers,
that
________
for
the
heavy
burden
on
today’s
students.
A．is
blamed
B．are
to
blame
C．is
to
blame
D．are
blamed
35．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·大庆实验中学高二期中）______
is
that
you
should
not
tell
other
people
the
password
of
your
computer.
A．It
requests
B．What
requests
C．As
is
requested
D．What
is
requested
36．（2021·天津耀华中学高二期中）It
is
reported
that
more
than
one
new
house________
at
present
in
the
disaster
area.
A．has
been
built
B．have
been
built
C．is
being
built
D．are
being
built
37．（2021·天津高二期末）--Why
didn't
you
bring
your
computer
here
yesterday
--Oh,
it___________
by
my
neighbor
then.
A．is
checked
B．was
checked
C．was
being
checked
D．was
checking
38．（2021·天津三中高二期中）If
you
go
to
see
a
3D
film,
you
special
glasses
___________
in
the
cinema.
A．will
be
offered
B．were
offered
C．offered
D．will
offer
39．（2021·深圳市罗湖外语学校高二期中）Large
quantities
of
information,
as
well
as
timely
help________
to
us
over
the
past
2
years.
A．have
been
offered
B．has
been
offered
C．was
offered
D．had
been
offered
40．（2021·全国高二）By
the
time
of
the
ban
was
finally
lifted,
he
________
at
the
airport
for
more
than
two
weeks.
A．was
stuck
B．had
been
stuck
C．has
been
stuck
D．had
stuck
三、真题实战演练（语法填空）
1、（2021年新高考八省联考）"The
little
home
60．
（paint）white.
It
was
sweet
and
fresh.
2、（2021年全国高考甲卷）The
Xi'an
City
Wall
is
the
most
complete
city
wall
that
has
survived
China's
long
history.
It
61．
(build)
originally
to
protect
the
city
in
the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored
(修复).
3、（2021年浙江高考）It
is
calculated
by
dividing
a
person’s
weight
in
kg
by
their
height
in
meters
squared.
and
a
BMI
of
between
19
and
25
59．
(consider)
healthy.
4、（2020年海南高考）Readers59．
（encourage）to
continue
exploring
the
digital
world
with
the
guidance
of
our
Further
Resources
section
featured
in
each
volume.
5、（2020年北京高考）Single-use
plastic
bags
are
used
at
most
a
few
times
before
they24．
(throw)
away.
6、（2020年全国高考）The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
65．
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
7（2020年全国高考）The
artist
was
sure
he
would58．
(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor’s
chief
minister,
the
old
nan
laughed
8、（2020年全国高考）we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
68．
(construct)
9、（2020年全国高考People
tend
to
focus
on
the
first
factor.
However,
greater
attention
should
69．
(place)on
longevity(长寿).
）被动语态
1、基础达标训练
1．（2021·浙江温州市·高一期中）Right
now,
the
deer
______
(watch)
over
by
many
volunteers.
【答案】is/are
being
watched
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：现在，许多志愿者正在看护这只鹿/这些鹿。根据时间状语right
now
，句子叙述的是现阶段的情况，应用现在进行时；主语the
deer
和watch
over之间是被动关系，应该用现在进行时的被动语态；deer单复数同形，复数也是deer；如果将the
deer
看成单数，be
动词用is；如果将the
deer
看成复数，be
动词用are。
故填is/are
being
watched。
2．（2021·静宁县第一中学高一月考）They________
(spot)
by
the
police
as
they
were
entering
the
bank.
【答案】were
spotted
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：当他们进入银行时被警察发现了。分析可知，设空处为主句谓语动词，结合语境和下文的were判断为一般过去时，主语they和spot之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were
spotted。
3．（2021·江苏省镇江中学高一月考）Breakfast
________(serve)
between
7:00
and
8:00
tomorrow
morning,
we'd
better
get
up
early.
【答案】will
be
served
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：明天早上7点到8点供应早餐，我们最好早点起床。根据句中时间状语tomorrow
morning可知，用一般将来时。主语breakfast与serve之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填will
be
served。
4．（2021·全国高一课时练习）Your
passport
____(return)
to
you
when
you
check
out
of
your
hotel.
【答案】will
be
returned
【详解】
考查动词时态。句意：您的护照将在您退房时归还给您。根据“主将从现”原则可知，当时间状语为一般现在时的时候，主句用一般将来时，此处用一般将来时，动词return和主语Your
passport之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态（will
be
done）。故填will
be
returned。
5．（2021·甘肃兰州市·兰州一中高一期末）In
the
near
future,
more
advances
in
the
robot
technology
________
(make)
by
scientists.
【答案】will
be
made
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在不久的将来，科学家们将在机器人技术上取得更大的进步。根据时间状语“In
the
near
future”可知，此处描述的是将来的情况，应用一般将来时；主语“advances”与“make”是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填will
be
made。
6．（2021·全国高一期末）The
family
________
(trap)
on
the
roof
by
the
flood
yesterday.
【答案】were
trapped
【详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这家人昨天被洪水困住了。结合句中yesterday可知，此处的时态为一般过去时。the
family表示的是家庭中的成员，是复数含义，因此谓语动词用复数形式；又the
family与trap为动宾关系，所以trap用被动。所以填were
trapped。故填were
trapped。
7．（2021·全国高一期末）There
is
so
much
noise
upstairs—a
party
________
(hold)
by
some
young
people.
【答案】is
being
held
【详解】
考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：楼上太吵了——一些年轻人正在举行聚会。根据“There
is
so
much
noise
upstairs”可知，此处是指一些年轻人正在举行聚会，所以应用现在进行时。动词hold意为“举行”，和主语party构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填is
being
held。
8．（2021·全国高一期末）Most
of
the
wells
in
this
village
________
(pollute)
up
to
now.
【答案】have
been
polluted
【详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：这个村子里大部分的井目前都被污染了。根据“up
to
now”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词pollute意为“污染”，和主语“Most
of
the
wells
”构成被动关系。故填have
been
polluted。
9．（2021·全国高一期末）It
is
said
that
laws
________
(introduce)
next
year
to
protect
ancient
relics.
【答案】will
be
introduced
【详解】
考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：据说明年将出台法律来保护古代文物。设空处为主语从句的谓语动词，根据next
year可知，此处应用一般将来时。动词introduce意为“采用”，和主语laws构成被动关系。故填will
be
introduced。
10．（2021·全国高一期末）According
to
reports,
nowadays
sharks
________
(kill)
at
a
surprising
rate
worldwide
per
year.
【答案】are
being
killed
【详解】
考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：据报道，现在鲨鱼每年在世界范围内正在以惊人的速度被杀害。根据nowadays和per
year可知，此处应用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的状态。动词kill意为“杀害”，和主语sharks构成被动关系。主语为复数。故填are
being
killed。
11．（2021·全国高一期末）More
than
$10
million
________
(spend)
carrying
out
the
project
by
the
end
of
last
year.
【答案】had
been
spent
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：到去年年底，该项目已耗资1000多万美元。设空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语by
the
end
of
last
year判断为过去完成式，主语$10
million和spend之间为被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had
been
spent。
12．（2021·全国高一期末）Over
the
past
three
years,
the
paintings
________
(take)
to
more
than
20
museums
in
the
world.
【答案】have
been
taken
【详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：在过去的三年间，这些画作已经被带到全球超过20家博物馆（展览）。根据时间状语over
the
past
three
year可知，应用现在完成时。主句主语the
paintings为可数名词复数，与动词take之间是动宾关系。故句子应使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have
been
taken。
13．（2021·全国高一期末）More
than
30,000
yuan
________
(raise)
for
the
poor
family
since
the
foundation
was
founded.
【答案】has
been
raised
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：自基金会成立以来，为贫困家庭筹集了3万多元。设空处为主句谓语动词，since引导时间状语时，其主句应用现在完成时，主语More
than
30,000
yuan和raise之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语不可数，助动词用has。故填has
been
raised。
14．（2021·浙江高一月考）The
meeting
that
___________
(hold)
now
is
of
great
importance.
【答案】is
being
held
【详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：正在举行的这个会议非常重要。先行词是The
meeting，在定语从句中作主语，定语从句缺乏谓语，由时间状语now可知，时态用现在进行时，从句主语The
meeting和从句谓语hold是被动关系，用现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are
being
done），从句主语The
meeting是单数，从句谓语也用单数形式。故填is
being
held。
15．（2021·泉州科技中学高一期中）Generally,
Charles
Babbage
________(consider
)
to
be
the
first
to
invent
a
computer.
【答案】is
considered
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：一般来说，查尔斯·巴贝奇被认为是第一个发明计算机的人。设空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境判断为一般现在时，主语Charles
Babbage和consider之间为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填is
considered。
16．（2021·全国高一课时练习）It
is
said
that
the
number
of
employees
____
(reduce)from
40
to
25.
【答案】was
reduced
【详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：据说雇员的人数从40人减少到25人。分析句子可知，空格处为that引导的从句中的谓语，动词reduce和主语the
number
of
employees之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be
done），根据句意，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语the
number
of
employees为单数第三人称，主谓一致，故填was
reduced。
17．（2021·全国高一课时练习）When
and
where
to
go
for
the
on-salary
holiday
________
(not
decide)
yet.
【答案】has
not
been
decided
【详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：什么时候去哪里度带薪假期还没有决定。根据yet可知，使用现在完成时，主语为When
and
where
to
go
for
the
on-salary
holiday，和decide为被动关系，用被动语态，主语是特殊疑问词+不定式结构，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has
not
been
decided。
18．（2021·全国高一课时练习）The
new
generation
of
computers,
with
artificial
intelligence,
________
(develop)
and
perfected
now.
【答案】are
being
developed
【详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：具有人工智能的新一代计算机正在开发和完善中。根据时间状语now可知，用现在进行时，主语The
new
generation
of
computers是复数，谓语动词用复数，主语The
new
generation
of
computers和develop为逻辑上的被动关系，使用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are
being
developed。
19．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈师大附中高二期中）Kim
was
completely
________
(wear)
out
after
jogging
in
the
hot
sun
all
afternoon.
【答案】worn
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在炎热的太阳下慢跑了一下午后，金已经筋疲力尽了。动词短语wear
out“（使）疲乏”和主语Kim之间是被动关系；根据句意以及空格前的助动词was可知，此处应用wear的过去分词和was一起构成被动语态。故填worn。
20．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二期中）Research
findings
have
shown
that
about
20
percent
of
people
can________
(classify)as
“night
owls.”
【答案】be
classified
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意：研究发现，大约20%的人可以被归类为“夜猫子”。that从句中动词classify“归类”和主语about
20
percent
of
people之间是被动语态，应用被动语态（be
done），情态动词can应接动词原形，故用被动结构be
classified和can一起构成谓语。故填be
classified。
21．（2021·长春北师大附属学校高二月考）The
dinner
________
(eat)
by
the
time
Sam
joined
them.
【答案】had
been
eaten
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：到萨姆加入他们的时候，饭已经吃完了。根据后文
by
the
time
Sam
joined
them可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had
been
eaten。
22．（2021·全国高二课时练习）You
can’t
see
things
clearly
through
a
telescope
unless
it
________
(adjust)
correctly
to
your
sight.
【答案】is
adjusted
【详解】
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：除非把望远镜调整到适合你的视力，否则你是看不清楚东西的。分析句子可知，该空在从句中做谓语成分；根据语境，主语为一般现在时，从句也应用一般现在时；由于空处与主语it为被动关系，该空应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数it，be应用is，adjust的过去分词为adjusted。故填is
adjusted。
23．（2021·全国高二课时练习）I
was
sent
to
the
village
last
month
to
see
how
the
development
plan
____________
(carry)
out
in
the
following
two
years.
【答案】would
be
carried
【详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：我上个月被派到这个村子去看看未来两年的发展计划将如何实施。根据句意可知，此处描述的是去过将要发生的事情，应用过去将来时，plan与carry是被动关系，应用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would
be
carried。
24．（2021·江苏无锡市·高二期末）All
the
staff
members
agreed
that
the
earned
incomes
________
(distribute)
upon
the
principle
of
equality.
【答案】were
distributed
【详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：所有工作人员都同意按平等原则分配所得收入。分析句子结构可知，that引导的宾语从句缺少谓语动词，根据agreed可知，此处使用一般过去时，主语incomes为复数名词，且与distribute为被动关系，需用被动语态，且be动词用were。故填were
distributed。
25．（2021·静宁县第一中学高一月考）No
one
who
has
not
received
education
and
training
in
safety
shall
________
(permit)
to
work
in
the
position.
【答案】be
permitted
【详解】
考查动词语态。句意：未经安全教育、培训的，不得上岗。本句是who引导的定语从句，who指代的是no
one，与谓语动词permit之间是被动关系，使用被动语态be
done，根据空前的情态动词shall可知，后跟动词原形。故填be
permitted。
26．（2020·全国高一课时练习）Bad
customs
and
laws
ought
to
________（abandon）,
since
they
are
inappropriate
for
the
development
of
the
society.
【答案】be
abandoned
【详解】
考查被动语态。句意：不良的习俗和法律应该废除，因为它们不适合社会的发展。分析句子可知，ought
to
do为固定搭配，意为“应该做某事”，to后跟动词原形。且abandon与主语Bad
customs
and
laws之间是动宾关系，应使用被动语态be
abandoned。故填be
abandoned。
27．（2021·南昌市新建区第一中学高二期中）This
new
film
may________(adapt)
from
a
novel
by
Jane
Austen.
【答案】be
adapted
【详解】
考查语态。句意：这部新电影可能是根据简·奥斯汀的小说改编的。主语This
new
film与adapt之间为被动关系，应该用被动语态，情态动词may后接动词原形。故填be
adapted。
28．（2020·全国高三专题练习）When
you
visit
our
town
next
August,
a
modern
sports
center
will
________(construct),
for
the
National
Games
are
to
be
held
then.
【答案】have
been
constructed
【详解】
考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候，一个现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据“for
the
National
Games
are
to
be
held
then（因为那时全国运动会将被举行）”可知，到“明年八月（next
August）”，体育中心已经建成了，所以设空处应用将来完成时态，又因为a
modern
sports
center和construct是被动关系，所以应用将来完成时的被动语态。故填have
been
constructed。
29．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）The
master
of
the
Coolidge,
Henry
Nelson,
claimed
he________（not
warn）that
the
harbor
was
mined.
【答案】hadn’t
been
warned
【详解】
考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：Coolidge的船长Henry
Nelson声称，他没有收到港口布有水雷的警告。分析句子并根据空前的claimed可知，空处应使用过去完成时，表示对后来产生了一定影响。由于he与warn之间是被动关系，故应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadn’t
been
warned。
30．（2021·全国高一期末）We
were
told
that
the
carnival
________
(hold)next
week.
【答案】would
be
held
【详解】
考查时态语态，句意：我们被告知狂欢节将于下周举行。“告知”使用的是过去时，因此“举办”的动作是从过去看未来打算做的动作，且“狂欢节”与“举办”为被动关系，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would
be
held。
31．（2020·上海市奉贤区奉城高级中学高一期中）They
said
the
work
________
(finish)
in
ten
days.
【答案】would
be
finished
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：他们说该工作将在10天后完成。由in
ten
days可知宾语从句陈述的事情发生在将来，再结合主句为一般过去时，故从句应使用过去将来时，又主语work和finish之间是被动关系，故用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would
be
finished。
32．（2021·全国高一期末）Every
possible
means
________
(use)
to
prevent
the
air
pollution,
but
the
sky
is
still
not
clear.
【答案】has
been
used
【详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：人们已经使用了一切可能的方法来防止空气污染，但天空仍然不清清。分析句子可知，use是谓语动词，means单复数同形，根据every可判断此处是单数。因此后面的谓语动词用单数形式。根据文意判断，可知use这个动作与主语之间构成被动关系，且对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，因此填has
been
used。
33．（2020·惠州市华罗庚中学高二月考）Our
class______________(
consist)
of
23
girls
and
29
boys.
【答案】consists
of
【详解】
考查固定短语和时态。句意：我们班由23个女孩和29个男孩组成。consist
of“由……组成”，该短语没有被动语态也没有进行时，相当于be
made
up
of；本句的主语是their
class，在本句中表示的是一个整体，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。故填consists
of。
34．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）Your
composition________（read）beautifully.
Is
it
the
one
I
saw
you
write
yesterday
【答案】reads
【详解】
考查动词。句意：你的作文读起来很漂亮。是我昨天看到你写的那篇吗？分析句子可知，read作不及物动词时，后常跟副词如beautifully，easily等，用主动形式表示被动意义，同时根据句中时态可知，应使用一般现在时。主语Your
composition为第三人称单数形式，其后谓语动词应使用reads。故填reads。
35．（2021·上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末）With
a
lot
of
homework
________
(finish),
the
sleepy
boy
can't
go
to
sleep
as
he
wishes.
【答案】to
finish
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：有许多家庭作业要完成，这个困倦的男孩不能如愿睡觉。分析句子可知，此处考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，根据the
sleepy
boy
can't
go
to
sleep
as
he
wishes可知，作业还没有完成，用不定式表示未完成动作，且homework是finish的逻辑宾语，用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故填to
finish。
36．（2021·全国高一专题练习）The
broken
computer
needs________
(repair).
【答案】to
be
repaired或repairing
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这台坏了的电脑需要修理。表示“需要被……”为sth
need
doing
sth.=
sth
need
to
be
done。故填to
be
repaired或repairing。
37．（2020·全国高一课时练习）What
the
general
manager
said
was
worth
________（write）down.
【答案】writing
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：总经理的话值得记下来。表示“值得做某事”为be
worth
doing
sth.。故填writing。
38．（2021·苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高一期中）I
don’t
think
the
windows
need________
(clean)
at
this
time
of
the
night.
【答案】cleaning
【详解】
考查固定搭配和动名词。句意：我认为不必在夜里这个时候擦窗户。need
doing意为“需要被……”，为固定搭配，用动名词作宾语，主动表被动。故填cleaning。
39．（2021·苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高二期中）We
have
made
environmental
policies
for
business
________
(observe).
【答案】to
observe
【详解】
考查不定式。句意：我们制定了环境政策供企业遵守。分析句子可知，observe作定语，修饰policies，由“
for
business
”推断，用不定式的复合结构作后置定语，且policies是observe的逻辑宾语，故用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故填to
observe。
40．（2020·全国高三）The
young
trees
we
planted
last
week
require
___________(look)
after
with
great
care.
【答案】looking
【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们上星期种的小树需要被细心照料。表示“需要被做某事”短语为require
doing
sth.。故填looking。
二、能力提升训练
1．（2020·天津高一期末）--
Excuse
me,
sir,
can
I
take
this
road
to
Tianjin
Railway
Station
--
Sorry,
you'd
better
not.
A
bridge
to
it
______
at
the
moment.
A．is
being
repaired
B．has
been
repaired
C．will
be
repaired
D．is
repaired
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：——对不起，先生，我可以走这条路去天津火车站吗 ——对不起，你最好不要。目前，通往它的一座桥正在修理。A.is
being
repaired正在被修理（现在进行时的被动语态）；
B.has
been
repaired已经被修理（现在完成时的被动语态）；C.will
be
repaired
将要被修理（将来进行时的被动语态）；D.is
repaired被修理（一般现在时的被动语态）。根据上一句“you'd
better
not”可知，路应该正在被修理。用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。
2．（2021·上海市金山中学高一期中）I
firmly
believe
that
the
project,
if________
according
to
the
plan,
will
definitely
work
out
well.
A．carrying
out
B．being
carried
out
C．carried
out
D．to
be
carried
out
【答案】C
【详解】
考查省略句。句意：我坚信这个项目，如果按照计划进行，一定会顺利进行。分析句子结构，that引导的宾语从句中，主句的主语是the
project，和if引导的条件状语从句主语一致，状语从句中可省略主语和be动词，宾语从句的主句为一般将来时，if条件句使用一般现在时代替将来时，主语the
project和carry
out为被动关系，需用被动语态，完整的从句是“if
it
is
carried
out
according
to
the
plan”，此处省略了it
is。故选C。
3．（2021·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Technology
giants
are
fighting
for
their
future
as
consumers
switch
their
loyalties
from
personal
computers
to
mobile
devices.
By
2025,
5
billion
people_________
to
be
carrying
around
the
tiny
computers
in
their
pockets.
A．are
expected
B．will
be
expected
C．have
been
expected
D．will
have
been
expected
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：随着消费者从个人电脑转向移动设备，科技巨头们正在为自己的未来而战。到2025年，预计将有50亿人随身携带这种微型电脑。expect期待，与主语people构成动宾关系，句子用被动语态，根据句意可知，“50亿人被期待随身携带微型电脑”是一般的预测，用一般现在时的被动语态，构成be+done结构，主语为复数，be动词用are。B.
will
be
expected一般将来时的被动语态；C.
have
been
expected现在完成时的被动语态；D.
will
have
been
expected将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。
4．（2021·广东高一期末）The
number
of
deaths
from
heart
disease
will
be
reduced
greatly
if
people
______
to
eat
more
fruit
and
vegetables.
A．are
persuaded
B．will
persuade
C．be
persuaded
D．persuaded
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：如果人们被劝服吃更多的水果蔬菜，死于心脏病的数量将大大降低。分析句子可知，本句主句是一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，从句中的主语people是被说服去吃更多的水果蔬菜，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。
5．（2021·广东高一期末）A
new
stadium
______
at
present
in
our
city.
Work
on
it
______
in
another
two
months.
A．is
built;
will
complete
B．is
being
built;
will
complete
C．is
being
built;
will
be
completed
D．is
building;
will
be
completed
【答案】C
【详解】
考察动词时态和被动语态。句意：我们城里一座新的体育场现在正在建设中。它的建设工作将在两个月内完成。根据前一句的时间状语at
present与主语a
new
stadium可知，第一空格填现在进行时，主语stadium与谓语动词build是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是a
new
stadium为单数名词，所以用is
,所以第一空答案为is
being
built；根据第二句的时间状语in
another
two
months可知，用一般将来时，主语it与谓语动词complete是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态，所以第二空答案为will
be
completed。故选C。
6．（2021·深圳市高级中学高一期末）At
the
moment
further
research
into
the
virus
_____
out.
It
will
soon
be
shown
to
the
public.
A．were
carried
B．has
been
carried
C．is
being
carried
D．are
carried
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前对这种病毒的进一步研究正在进行中。它将很快被展示给公众。由语意可知，研究和进行之间是被动关系，用被动语态；且根据At
the
moment
可知，此处是现在正在执行的动作，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C项
7．（2021·华东师范大学附属东昌中学高一期中）The
old
man,
who
________
in
the
rope,
saw
the
fishing
spear
________
into
the
shark’s
head.
A．was
wrapping,
threw
B．wrapped,
being
thrown
C．was
wrapped,
thrown
D．wrapping,
throw
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词时态语态和非谓语。句意：被绳子缠住的老人看到鱼叉被扎进鲨鱼的脑袋里。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The
old
man，先行词在从句中作主语，与逻辑主语构成被动关系，根据后文saw可知用一般过去时的被动语态；第二空为“see+宾语+宾补”结构，the
fishing
spear与throw构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。
8．（2021·长春市第二十九中学高一期中）The
princess’
hat
was
really
fancy,
which
________
with
gold
and
jewels.
A．decorated
B．decorates
C．was
decorated
D．was
decorating
【答案】C
【详解】
考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：公主的帽子很别致，上面装饰着黄金和珠宝。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词hat，先行词在从句中作主语，与谓语动词decorate构成被动关系，根据上文was可知用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词与先行词保持一致，应用单数。故选C。
9．（2019·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Afterschool
we
went
to
the
reading
room
to
do
some
reading,
only
________
that
it
________.
A．being
told;
was
decorated
B．telling,
had
decorated
C．to
be
told;
was
being
decorated
D．told;
had
been
decorating
【答案】C
【详解】
考查非谓语动词和时态及语态。句意：放学后我们去阅览室读书，但是被告知它正在被装修。第一空应使用非谓语形式，“only+不定式”作状语表示意料之外的结果，且动词tell和逻辑主语we之间是动宾关系，所以使用不定式的被动语态；第二空是从句谓语，根据we
went
to
the
reading
room
to
do
some
reading可知，句子是讲述过去发生的事情，且结合句意可知decorate表示的动作正在进行，所以使用过去进行时，又decorate和主语it之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，故选C项。
10．（2021·江西南昌市·南昌二中高一期末）We
are
confident
that
the
environment
________
by
our
further
effort
to
reduce
pollution.
A．has
improved
B．will
be
improved
C．is
improved
D．has
been
improved
【答案】B
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：我们相信通过我们进一步共同努力减少污染，环境将会得到改善。根据空格后“by
our
further
effort”可知通过进一步的努力改善环境是指通过未来的努力，那么环境的改善应是在未来发生；再结合主句谓语are
可知，空格处应为一般将来时，空格前主语为the
environment
与improve之间关系为被动，所以应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。
11．（2021·广东江门市·高一期末）It
is
well-known
that
the
2022
Winter
Olympic
Games
______
in
Bejing.
A．are
held
B．will
be
held
C．held
D．will
hold
【答案】B
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：众所周知，2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，根据句子中的时间2022，可知应用一般将来时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，因此用一般将来时的被动结构，故选B。
12．（2021·全国高一）He
believes
that
VR
films________
by
most
people.
A．will
accept
B．have
accepted
C．has
been
accepted
D．will
be
accepted
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词时态及语态。句意：他认为VR电影会被大多数人接受。根据句意可知，此处描述的将来发生的事情，应使用一般将来时；VR
films与accept是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选D。
13．（2021·全国高一）I
don’t
know
when
he
______
to
work
in
that
country,
perhaps
next
week.
A．was
tested
B．will
be
tested
C．has
been
tested
D．tested
【答案】B
【详解】
考查时态。句意：我不知道他什么时候会在那个国家接受测试，也许是下周。分析句子，“他在那个国家接受测试”是还没有发生的事情，他与接受测试为逻辑上的被动关系，用被动语态，所以为一般将来时的被动语态will
be
tested。故选B项。
14．（2021·全国高一）A
special
committee
of
scientists___________
to
study
AI's
effects
on
economy
in
the
years
ahead.
A．have
established.
B．will
be
established.
C．are
established.
D．is
establishing
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：以后，将会建立一个特别的科学家委员会，来研究人工智能对经济的影响。in
the
years
ahead是一般将来时态的时间标志，主语committee和establish是被动关系，因此要用一般将来时态的被动语态，will
be
done。故选B。
15．（2019·上海复旦附中高一期末）Fears
haunted
him
those
days
______
he
______
down
by
the
scandal.
A．that;
dragged
B．that;
would
be
dragged
C．which;
had
been
dragged
D．when;
would
drag
【答案】B
【详解】
考查同位语从句和时态。句意：那些日子里他一直担心这件丑闻会把他拖下水。第一空为同位语从句，解释fears的具体内容，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用that；第二空中，he与drag构成被动关系，且指从过去的某个时间来看，将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。故选B。
16．（2020·天津一中高一期末）The
discovery
of
gold
in
Australia
led
thousands
to
believe
that
a
fortune____.
A．is
made
B．would
make
C．would
be
made
D．had
made
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：在澳大利亚发现黄金让成千上万的人相信要发财了。分析句子可知，that引导一个宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语，动词make和从句的主语a
fortune之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据句意可知此处表示“将要发财”，结合主句“The
discovery
of
gold
in
Australia
led...”使用的一般过去时可知，
此处应使用过去将来时的被动语态，故选C项。
17．（2021·广东茂名市·高一期末）Jan
feels
very
glad
because
her
life
________by
the
Internet.
A．have
been
great
improved
B．has
been
greatly
improved
C．has
greatly
improved
D．has
been
greatly
improving
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词时态、语态以及修饰。句意：Jan感到很高兴，因为互联网大大改善了她的生活。动词improve和主语her
life之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故排除CD两项；主语her
life为第三人称单数，主谓一致，且修饰动词应用副词，排除A项。故选B项。
18．（2021·上海高一月考）Up
till
now,
the
passengers
who
had
close
contact
with
the
three
sick
people
________
in
hospital
under
medical
observation.
A．put
B．has
put
C．have
been
put
D．being
put
【答案】C
【详解】
考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：到目前为止，与三名病人有过密切接触的乘客已被送往医院接受医学观察。根据“Up
till
now”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词put和主语passengers构成被动关系，所以应用被动语态。故选C。
19．（2021·长春市第二十九中学高一期中）Three-fourths
of
the
homework
________.
A．has
finished
B．has
been
finished
C．have
finished
D．have
been
finished
【答案】B
【详解】
考查语态和主谓一致。句意：四分之三的家庭作业已经被完成。主语homework和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且homework是不可数名词，助动词应用has。故选B项。
20．（2021·广东茂名市·高一期末）Quickly
after
the
quakes
the
government
sent
workers
to
build
shelters
for
survivors
whose
homes
________.
A．had
destroyed
B．were
destroyed
C．had
been
destroyed
D．has
been
destroyed
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态语态。句意：地震发生后，政府迅速派工人为那些房屋被摧毁的幸存者建造避难所。分析可知，设空处为定语从句的谓语动词，主语homes和destroy之间为被动关系，且该动作发生在sent之前，即过去的过去，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。
21．（2021·上海交大附中高一开学考试）Ceres
remains
the
largest
known
asteroids（小行星）in
the
sky.
It
means
almost
600
miles
in
diameter.
By
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century,
several
hundred
other
asteroids_________.
A．were
identified
B．had
identified
C．have
been
identified
D．had
been
identified
【答案】D
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意：Ceres是已知的天空中最大的小行星。它的直径接近600英里。到19世纪末，又有几百颗其他的小行星被发现。19世纪末是一个过去的时间，根据by
the
end
of
the
nineteenth
century（到19世纪末为止）可知，其他几百颗小行星被发现是截止到19世纪末发生的情况，即：过去的过去。所以，该空应用过去完成时态。且主语several
hundred
other
asteroids和identify之间是被动关系。所以该句应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。
22．（2020·上海理工大学附属中学高一月考）The
officer
command
that
the
wounded
_______
to
hospital
as
soon
as
possible.
A．would
be
sent
B．should
be
sent
C．need
to
send
D．should
send
【答案】B
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：军官命令伤员应该尽快被送往医院。command“命令”接宾语从句，宾语从句需使用虚拟语气：主语+(should)+
动词原形，本句中主语the
wounded与谓语send为被动关系。故选B项。
23．（2019·江苏南京市·高一期末）I
wonder
what
makes
TikTok
popular
among
people
of
all
ages.
People
have
devoted
most
of
their
energies
which
______for
other
more
significant
things.
A．would
be
saved
B．could
have
been
saved
C．must
have
been
saved
D．should
be
saved
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词用法。句意：我想知道是什么让TikTok在所有年龄段的人当中都很受欢迎。人们把大部分精力都花在了本来可以用来做其他更重要的事情上。本题考查could
+
have
done结构，表示过去本来有能力、有可能、有打算、有选择做某事的，但实际上却没有那样做，通常译为“本来可以”，“本来能够”，根据句意分析，主语energy与谓语动词save构成被动意义，故答案为could
have
been
saved，所以选B。
24．（2021·江西南昌市·南昌二中高一期末）Our
singing
club
Melody
had
to
________,
because
some
members’
health
_______
under
high
study
pressure,
which
was
a
pity.
A．break
up;
was
broken
down
B．be
broken
up;
broke
down
C．break
down;
broke
up
D．break
up;
broke
down
【答案】D
【详解】
考查动词短语和语态。句意：我们的歌唱俱乐部Melody不得不解散，因为我们有些成员在很高的学习压力健康出了问题，这是一个遗憾。break
up表示“分手，解散”时，为不及物动词短语，无被动；break
down
表示“出问题，崩溃”时，为不及物动词短语，无被动；根据空格前Our
singing
club
Melody
had
to可知，第一个空填break
up表示俱乐部解散；根据第二个空格前members’
health可知，此空填break
down
表示健康出问题，根据前半句时态可知此处用一般过去式broke
down。故选D。
25．（2021·广东实验中学高一期末）If
the
dictionary
______
you，put
it
where
it
______.
A．doesn’t
belong
to;
belongs
to
B．isn’t
belong
to;
is
belonged
C．doesn’t
belong
to;
belongs
D．isn’t
belong
to;
is
belonged
to
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果这本词典不属于你，就把它放在该放的地方。由选项可知，本句时态用一般现在时，实义动词（词组）的否定形式的助动词用doesn’t，belong
to
sb.（属于某人）没有被动形式，主动表被动，第二空where
引导的地点状语从句缺乏谓语，belong是不及物动词，构成句型“主语+不及物动词”结构，从句主语
it是单数，谓语加s。故选C项。
26．（2020·深圳实验学校高一期中）I
want
to
buy
that
kind
of
cloth
because
I
________
the
cloth
_________
well.
A．have
told;
washed
B．have
been
told;
washes
C．have
been
told;
washed
D．was
told;
washed
【答案】B
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：我想去买那种布料，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。有一些不及物动词与副词连用表示主语的特点如write
well好写；本题的wash
well表示这种布料的特点。句子为一般现在时。第一空表示的是被动语态，是被告知。句子为现在完成时。故B正确。
27．（2021·嫩江市高级中学高二期末）This
is
her
only
request
that
the
room________
after
being
used.
A．be
cleaned
B．is
cleaned
C．would
be
cleaned
D．will
be
cleaned
【答案】A
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：她唯一的要求就是房间用完后要打扫。request表示“要求”所接的that引导的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)
+原形动词，should可省略，从句中主语room与clean构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选A。
28．（2021·全国高二）He
told
us
that
the
building
________
when
he
came
to
the
city
two
years
ago.
A．has
been
destroyed
B．has
destroyed
C．had
been
destroyed
D．was
destroyed
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态和被动语态。句意：他告诉我们二年前他回到这个城市时这座建筑已经被被毁坏了。主句中时态是一般过去时，宾语从句时态要与其一致，且宾语从句中动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，所以用过去完成时，表示在另一个过去行动（told）之前就已经完成了的事件。宾语从句中的主语the
building与动词destroy是动宾关系，要用被动语态，表示被动。因此，用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。
29．（2021·广州市禺山高级中学高二月考）The
dictionary
as
well
as
the
grammar
books
that
________
bookmarks
in
them
________
Jane.
A．has;
belong
to
B．have;
belongs
to
C．have;
is
belonged
to
D．has;
are
belonged
to
【答案】B
【详解】
考查主谓一致及语态。句意：字典和有书签的语法书是属于Jane的。第一空处是由that引导的定语从句，其先行词为为books，故谓语动词要用复数形式。第二空处应为整个句子的谓语，其单复数形式应与as
well
as前面的主语保持一致，又因belong
to无被动结构，且句子为一般现在时。故选B。
30．（2021·唐山市第十一中学高二月考）I
don’t
think
the
song
is
worth________.
A．listen
to
B．listening
C．being
listened
to
D．listening
to
【答案】D
【详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：我认为这首歌不值得听。be
worth
doing为固定搭配，意为值得做……，一般用主动表被动。听歌曲用listen
to，因此“歌曲值得听”为
the
song
is
worth
listening
to，故只有D项符合题意。故正确答案为D。
31．（2021·广东广州市·执信中学高二月考）Even
though
the
top
of
the
mountain
is
difficult
________,
many
people
have
managed
to
do
it.
A．to
be
reached
B．to
get
to
C．to
arrive
D．got
【答案】B
【详解】
考查不定式。句意：尽管山顶很难到达，但许多人还是成功地到达了。分析句子可知，空格处作状语修饰difficult，形容词后用不定式作状语，句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语，应用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义，故排除A、C、D项，故选B。
32．（2021·全国高二）I
find
these
problems
are
easy
________________.
A．to
be
worked
out
B．to
work
them
out
C．to
work
out
D．to
be
worked
them
out
【答案】C
【详解】
考查主动表达被动。句意：我发现这些问题很容易解决。“名词（代词）＋
be
easy(difficult,
fit等形容词)
＋
不定式”
结构中，有时尽管主语是动作的承受者，不定式在意义上是被动，形式上却是主动，句中these
problems是work
out的宾语。故选C。
33．（2021·天水市第一中学高二期中）Mosquitoes
are
_______
for
many
diseases,
including
Ebola.
A．to
blame
B．blamed
C．to
be
blamed
D．blaming
【答案】A
【详解】
考查固定短语。句意：蚊子是许多疾病的罪魁祸首，包括埃博拉病毒。blarme
是及物动词，一般用blame
sb（for
sth.）但常用习惯用法be
to
blame表示被动意义，“应该受责备”。故选A。
34．（2021·全国高二）In
my
opinion,
it
is
the
present
examination
system
rather
than
the
teachers,
that
________
for
the
heavy
burden
on
today’s
students.
A．is
blamed
B．are
to
blame
C．is
to
blame
D．are
blamed
【答案】C
【详解】
考查主谓一致和动词blame的习惯用法。句意：在我看来，是现在的考试制度，而不是老师，要为今天的学生的沉重负担负责。Be
to
blame这个词组是用主动形式表示被动，排除AD选项；这是个强调句，强调的是主语，谓语和强调的主语一致the
present
examination
system
rather
than
the
teacher，rather
than连接两个主语时，谓语动词和前面的一个保持一致，就是the
present
examination
system，所以谓语用单数。故选C。
35．（2021·黑龙江大庆市·大庆实验中学高二期中）______
is
that
you
should
not
tell
other
people
the
password
of
your
computer.
A．It
requests
B．What
requests
C．As
is
requested
D．What
is
requested
【答案】D
【详解】
考查主语从句。句意：被要求的是你不应该告诉别人你的电脑的密码。空格后面的is
是这句话的谓语，所以空格处是句子的主语，主语从句中的谓语是request，引导词作主语，用what连接主语从句，表示“……的（东西）”，与request是被动关系，结合语境和is可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且what作主语时，一般看作单数。故选D。
36．（2021·天津耀华中学高二期中）It
is
reported
that
more
than
one
new
house________
at
present
in
the
disaster
area.
A．has
been
built
B．have
been
built
C．is
being
built
D．are
being
built
【答案】C
【详解】
考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：据报道，目前灾区正在建造不止一幢新房子。根据at
present可知，此处应用现在进行时。动词build意为“建造”，和主语house构成被动关系。“more
than
one+可数名词单数”做主语，谓语动词用单数。故选C。
37．（2021·天津高二期末）--Why
didn't
you
bring
your
computer
here
yesterday
--Oh,
it___________
by
my
neighbor
then.
A．is
checked
B．was
checked
C．was
being
checked
D．was
checking
【答案】C
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：——你昨天为什么不把电脑带到这里来 ——哦，当时我的邻居正在检查。根据上文时态是一般过去时，以及then“当时”，可知此处时态是过去进行时，描述正在发生的事情；由主语为it，与check之间是被动关系，因此要用过去进行时的被动语态。故选C项。
38．（2021·天津三中高二期中）If
you
go
to
see
a
3D
film,
you
special
glasses
___________
in
the
cinema.
A．will
be
offered
B．were
offered
C．offered
D．will
offer
【答案】A
【详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：如果你去看3D电影，电影院会提供给你特别的眼镜。根据从句If
you
go
to
see
a
3D
film可知主句时态可用一般将来时，由主语是you
special
glasses，与offer之间是被动关系，因此要用一般将来时的被动语态。
故选A项。
39．（2021·深圳市罗湖外语学校高二期中）Large
quantities
of
information,
as
well
as
timely
help________
to
us
over
the
past
2
years.
A．have
been
offered
B．has
been
offered
C．was
offered
D．had
been
offered
【答案】A
【详解】
考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意：在过去的2年里，为我们提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据后文“over
the
past
2
years”可知用现在完成时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态；as
well
as连接并列主语，谓语动词应根据其前面部分主语的人称和数来确定，主语“Large
quantities
of+不可数名词”是复数意义，助动词用have。故选A。
40．（2021·全国高二）By
the
time
of
the
ban
was
finally
lifted,
he
________
at
the
airport
for
more
than
two
weeks.
A．was
stuck
B．had
been
stuck
C．has
been
stuck
D．had
stuck
【答案】B
【详解】
考查动词的时态和语态。句意：当禁令最终解除时，他已经在机场滞留了两个多星期。根据By
the
time
of
the
ban
was
finally
lifted可知此处的时态是过去完成时，再由主语是he，与stick之间是动宾关系，因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。
三、真题实战演练（语法填空）
1、（2021年新高考八省联考）"The
little
home
60．
（paint）white.
It
was
sweet
and
fresh.
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The
little
home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was
built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The
little
home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was
painted。
2、（2021年全国高考甲卷）The
Xi'an
City
Wall
is
the
most
complete
city
wall
that
has
survived
China's
long
history.
It
61．
(build)
originally
to
protect
the
city
in
the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored
(修复).
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be
done），根据句意和时间状语the
Tang
dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was
built。
3、（2021年浙江高考）It
is
calculated
by
dividing
a
person’s
weight
in
kg
by
their
height
in
meters
squared.
and
a
BMI
of
between
19
and
25
59．
(consider)
healthy.
【解析】考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（a
BMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填is
considered。
4、（2020年海南高考）Readers59．
（encourage）to
continue
exploring
the
digital
world
with
the
guidance
of
our
Further
Resources
section
featured
in
each
volume.
【解析】考查语态。句意：我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界，并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知，用一般现在时。故填are
encouraged。
5、（2020年北京高考）Single-use
plastic
bags
are
used
at
most
a
few
times
before
they24．
(throw)
away.
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use
plastic
bags
）和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are
thrown。
6、（2020年全国高考）The
parts
of
a
museum
open
to
the
public
65．
(call)
galleries
or
rooms.
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are
called。
7、（2020年全国高考）The
artist
was
sure
he
would58．
(choose),
but
when
he
presented
his
masterpiece
to
the
emperor’s
chief
minister,
the
old
nan
laughed
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be
chosen。
8、（2020年全国高考）we
have
the
chance
to
obtain
information
about
how
the
moon
68．
(construct)
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the
moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the
moon是单数，故填is
constructed。
9、（2020年全国高考People
tend
to
focus
on
the
first
factor.
However,
greater
attention
should
69．
(place)on
longevity(长寿).
）
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be
placed。
