人教版（2019）选择性必修三： Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 单元测试卷（含答案）

选修性必修三
Unit
4
Adversity
and
Courage
Ⅰ.
单句语法填空
1.
(2020·浙江高考)To
show
the
versatility
(多面性)
of
the
short
play,
I
have
included
a
__________
(guide)
play,
a
radio
play
and
a
television
play.
2.
(2020·天津高考)__________
(fortunate),
curiosity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
3.
(2020·浙江高考)I
am
an
active
playgoer
and
play-reader,
and
perhaps
my
best
reason
for
editing
this
book
is
a
hope
of
sharing
my
__________
(enthusiastic)
for
the
theater
with
others.
4.
(2019·天津高考)
However,
we
can
achieve
meaning
only
if
we
have
made
a
__________
(commit)
to
something
larger
than
our
own
little
egos(自我),
whether
to
loved
ones,
to
fellow
humans,
to
work,
or
to
some
moral
concept.
5.
(2019 天津高考)To
many
people,
technology
means
computers,
hand-held
devices,
or
vehicles
that
travel
to
distant
planets.
However,
technology
is
also
the
__________
(apply)
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem,
touching
lives
in
countless
ways.
Ⅱ.
完成句子
1.
Occasionally,
I
________________________
that
was
assigned,
but
I
didn’t
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.

偶尔我也会读布置的小说但我不喜欢这种类型的阅读。
2.
Spoiling
children
may
make
them
have
no
consciousness
about
________________________.

溺爱孩子可能会让他们意识不到自己的自私行为。
3.
Please
make
sure
you
have
________________________
with
you
when
leaving
the
plane.

请确保在下飞机前带好你的所有随身物品。
4.
________________________,
his
heart
sank.

听说他儿子没有被理想的大学录取,
他心里一沉。
5.
While
some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
________________________.

有些人的动力源于对成功的渴望,
而另一些人则源于害怕失败。
Ⅲ.
微语段填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
1.
He
set
up
a
welfare
__________
(organize)
ten
years
ago.
Now,
he
has
made
a
great
__________
(achieve)
and
he
is
also
a
respectable
businessman.
We
all
feel
__________
(inspire)
by
his
deeds
and
__________
(kind).
2.
The
wealthy
man
went
abroad
with
the
__________
(intend)
of
trying
his
fortune,
while
the
poor
man
__________
(intend)
to
learn
some
skills
of
earning
money.
3.
The
old
doctor
takes
many
things
into
__________
(consider)
before
making
a
prescription.
His
__________
(observe)
plays
an
important
part,
through
which
he
will
make
a
__________
(connect).
4.
To
gain
an
advantage
over
others
in
an
__________
(argue),
you
should
be
respectful
and
__________
(consider).
You
also
should
mind
your
__________
(behave),
your
tone
and
so
on.
To
get
enough
information
about
a
topic,
you
should
turn
to
__________
(refer)
books.
5.
__________
once
hit
me
that
I
could
live
__________
quiet
life
in
the
rural
area.
Therefore,
I
began
to
consider
__________(move)
to
a
small
mountain
village.
__________
I
settled
down,
I
started
living
like
an
old
fairy.
6.
You
should
carry
__________
with
your
hard
work.
Only
in
this
way
can
you
succeed.
You
should
remember
that
it
is
your
own
effort
that
__________(determine)
your
future.
7.
__________(tire)
and
hungry,
we
finally
came
to
a
small
village
about
an
old
hunter,
with
whose
help
we
met
__________
chance.
It
is
with
his
help
__________
we
found
our
way
out
of
the
forest.
8.
The
scientist
has
observed
the
peasants
__________(grow)
crops
in
the
traditional
way.
He
thinks
that
it
is
his
duty
to
argue
them
__________
believing
scientific
farming.
IV.
阅读理解
A
Italy
and
China
have
agreed
to
jointly
advance
the
construction
of
the
Belt
and
Road
Initiative
(BRI)(一带一路),
which
aims
to
build
a
trade
and
infrastructure
network
to
connect
Asia
with
Europe
and
Africa
along
ancient
trade
routes.
Italy
will
use
this
opportunity
to
cooperate
with
China
to
develop
its
northern
ports
and
the
Invest
Italia
program,
and
promote
cooperation
in
all
fields.
Despite
some
skepticism,
the
BRI
has
developed
into
one
of
the
world’s
largest
cooperation
platforms
and
become
a
hot
public
good.
More
than
120
countries
and
29
international
organizations
have
signed
agreements
with
China
up
to
date,
bringing
all
sorts
of
development
opportunities
to
parties
of
the
BRI,
including
the
construction
of
Kenya’s
first
high-speed
expressway,
the
first
cross-sea
bridge
in
the
Maldives,
and
the
formation
of
the
car
industry
in
Belarus.
The
inclusion
of
Italy
into
the
BRI
makes
Italy
the
first
G7
country
to
formally
join
the
Initiative
and
sets
a
new
milestone
in
the
process
of
building
the
Belt
and
Road.
What
makes
the
BRI
unique
is
that
it
is
an
initiative
for
win-win
cooperation
rather
than
zero-sum
competition.
As
everyone
knows,
the
BRI
has
its
origin
in
the
ancient
Silk
Road
trade
route
that
linked
China
with
many
places
in
the
world,
including
the
Italian
cities
of
Rome
and
Venice.
Italy
is
a
natural
fit
for
the
ambitious
project
because
of
its
historical
connections
with
China,
and
also
because
of
the
need
to
be
open
rather
than
closed,
to
cooperate
rather
than
confront.
In
this
fast-changing
world,
seeking
win-win
progress
is
the
best
path
forward
for
all
countries.

In
China,
it
is
said
that
without
a
big
breakthrough
in
thinking,
there
will
be
no
big
leap
in
practice;
and
without
a
big
leap
in
practice,
there
will
be
no
great
development.
A
number
of
Chinese
ideas
and
initiatives
have
been
formed
with
the
goal
of
building
a
community
of
common
destiny
in
mind.
Under
the
BRI,
we
can
expect
China
to
deepen
policy
coordination,
facilities
connectivity,
free
trade,
financial
integration,
and
people-to-people
bonds.
The
revival
of
China
as
a
great
power
is
a
blessing
to
the
world,
contributing
to
the
building
of
a
better
world.
1.
How
does
the
author
develop
the
second
paragraph
A.
By
giving
examples.
B.
By
making
comparisons.
C.
By
reasoning
and
analyzing.
D.
By
describing
important
events.
2.
What
can
we
learn
from
the
last
but
one
paragraph
A.
China
has
become
a
superpower.
B.
China
puts
others’
interests
before
its
own.
C.
China
has
been
seeking
development
for
all.
D.
China
is
well-known
for
its
traditional
ideas.
3.
What
does
the
underlined
part
“zero-sum
competition”
in
Paragraph
4
probably
mean
A.
Only
one
participant
will
win.
B.
None
of
the
participants
will
win.
C.
All
participants
will
gain
something.
D.
Some
participants
will
win
at
the
cost
of
others.
4.
What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage
A.
The
revival
of
China
as
a
great
power
B.
Construction
along
ancient
trade
routes
C.
A
milestone
in
building
BRI
has
been
set
D.
Italy
and
China
reached
an
agreement
on
BRI
B
NASA
has
shown
a
design
for
a
3D-printed
habitat
that
could
be
home
for
the
first
humans
visiting
the
Red
Planet.
It
has
a
double-shell
design,
to
protect
the
habitable
spaces
from
the
natural
expansion
and
contradiction
caused
by
the
extreme
temperatures
swings
on
Mars.
Inside,
its
functional
areas
are
spread
over
four
levels,
with
a
spiral
staircase
allowing
humans
to
move
around
freely.
On
the
first
level
there
is
a
wet
lab,
and
a
preparation
area
for
astronauts
entering
and
leaving
the
building.
The
second
level
has
a
dry
lab,
as
well
as
a
kitchen
area.
The
third
level
functions
as
a
sleeping
area,
as
well
as
a
sanitation
pod
and
a
garden
area.
The
fourth
level
is
an
exercise
and
recreation
area.

“Architecture
on
Earth
plays
a
decisive
role
in
the
way
we
live,
”
said
AI
Space
Factory,
the
New
York-based
team
behind
the
design.
“On
Mars,
this
role
reaches
a
higher
level
of
importance
since
architecture
is
the
machine
which
keeps
us
alive.
”
AI
Space
Factory
has
been
selected
as
the
winner
of
NASA’s
3D-Printed
Habitat
Challenge,
and
awarded
the
top
prize
of
$500,
000.
The
competition
challenged
participants
to
create
shelters
out
of
recyclables
and
materials
that
could
be
found
on
deep-space
destinations,
like
the
Moon
and
Mars.
AI
Space
Factory
was
praised
for
the
way
it
automated
the
building
process—completing
the
building
with
nearly
no
human
assistance
in
30
hours.
It
was
also
applauded
for
its
biopolymer
basalt
composite—a
biodegradable
(可生物降解的)
and
recyclable
material
developed
from
natural
materials
found
on
Mars.
After
passing
a
series
of
NASA’s
tests,
this
material
was
found
to
be
stronger
than
its
concrete
competitors.
“It’s
light,
and
it’s
strong,
like
an
airplane,
”
said
Lex
Akers
from
the
Caterpillar
College
of
Engineering
and
Technology
at
Bradley
University,
who
was
one
of
the
competition
judges.
“That’s
going
to
be
very
important
for
these
types
of
habitats.
”
5.
What
are
the
first
and
second
paragraphs
talking
about
A.
The
features
of
this
3D-printed
habitat.
B.
The
structure
of
this
3D-printed
habitat.
C.
The
functions
of
this
3D-printed
habitat.
D.
The
introduction
of
this
3D-printed
habitat.
6.
The
underlined
words
“sanitation
pod”
in
the
passage
probably
mean
“______”.

A.
Washroom.
　　　　B.
Living
room.
C.
Dining
room.
D.
Bedroom.
7.
Why
NASA
selected
AI
Space
Factory
as
the
winner
A.
It
used
recyclables.
B.
No
human
assistance.
C.
Its
material
is
proper.
D.
It
passed
NASA’s
a
range
of
tests.
8.
What
do
you
find
this
3D-printed
habitat
A.
It
costs
a
lot.
B.
It
will
come
into
reality.
C.
It
is
of
significance.
D.
It
arouses
people’s
interest.
V.七选五
People
tend
to
download
Google
Earth
with
the
belief
that
the
images
are
updated
live
from
satellites
in
space.
The
reality
is
that
the
images
captured
by
the
satellites
are
made
available
by
certain
government
agencies
and
some
commercial
image
providers.
　1　
Although
some
of
the
satellite
images
may
be
older
than
a
year,
they
contain
a
lot
of
information
that
can
be
of
great
value.
　2　
　3　
You
can
locate
specific
addresses
and
monuments
in
your
city.
Also
you
can
measure
the
length
between
different
points
as
well
as
the
area
or
radius(半径)
of
certain
structures.
You
can
also
create
maps
with
the
geospatial
data
that
is
available
on
the
program,
as
well
as
capture
and
print
high-resolution(分辨率高的)
satellite
images
for
free.
The
integrated
movie
maker
makes
it
possible
for
you
to
record
videos
of
activities.

　4　
Google
Earth
features
several
tools
that
are
easy
to
use
regardless
of
your
technical
proficiency
level.
You
can
fly
over
multiple
locations
on
the
hemisphere
to
explore
different
landscapes,
oceans,
mountain
ranges,
canyons,
and
other
geographical
elements.
You
can
save
tours
and
destinations
which
may
be
viewed
at
a
later
time
or
shared
with
friends.

　5　
Google
Earth
makes
it
possible
for
you
to
track
changes
within
your
neighborhood.
With
the
historical
imagery
feature
you
can
find
the
level
of
infrastructural
improvements
or
environmental
degradation.
You
can
easily
monitor
coastal
erosion,
melting
ice
caps
and
the
rapid
urbanization.
You
can
dive
to
the
bottom
of
seas
and
oceans
to
explore
the
underwater
habitat,
view
shipwrecks,
and
marine
glacial
deposits.

A.
It
is
relatively
easy
to
use.
B.
The
advantages
outweigh
the
disadvantages.
C.
It
provides
detailed
view
of
different
locations.
D.
You
can
download
Google
Earth
at
no
cost
at
all.
E.
Google
Earth
is
not
intended
for
military
purposes.
F.
Here
are
a
few
reasons
why
you
should
have
Google
Earth
on
your
computer.
G.
They
are
then
acquired
by
Google
Earth
and
uploaded
to
the
image
database
for
public
use.
VI.
完形填空
I
was
walking
my
dog
Snoopy
one
evening
while
the
last
light
of
the
setting
sun
　1　
the
clouds
purple
and
pink.
I
looked
up
at
the
sky
and
smiled.
After
a
minute
Snoopy
started
　2　
at
her
leash(皮带).
She
was
more
than
ready
to
head
inside
for
a
bowl
of
dog
food
and
a
bacon
　3　.
I
wasn’t
quite
ready
to
go
in,
however,
so
I
　4　
her.
I
was
waiting
for
my
friends
the
Little
Blinkers
to
appear.

It
wasn’t
long
either
　5　
I
saw
them
switching
their
lights
on
and
off.
They
were
fireflies,
of
course,
also
known
as
lightning
bugs.
Over
all
the
years
that
I
have
lived
here
they
have
never
failed
to
appear
at
this
time
during
the
summer.
They
have
never
failed
to
　6　
me.
They
have
never
failed
to
make
the
world
a
little
brighter.
It
has
always
been
such
a
　7　
too
knowing
that
such
wonderful
creatures
can
shine
their
own
light
and
make
the
　8　
meadows
look
like
the
starry
skies
above.
They
make
me
want
to
share
my
own
light
as
well,
even
if
it
isn’t
that
bright
and
even
if
it
does
　9　
to
blink
now
and
then.

Robert
Fulghum
wrote,
“I
know
some
people
who
　10　
a
lot
of
light.
Because
they
have
absorbed
a
lot
of
light
themselves.
They
shine.
”
I
don’t
know
how
much
light
I
have
　11　
the
years,
but
I
do
know
that
I
won’t
keep
it
　12　
under
a
basket.
I
will
shine
it.
I
will
share
it.
I
will
use
it
to
　13　
as
much
goodness,
love,
joy,
and
wisdom
into
this
world
as
I
possibly
can.

May
you
always
　14　
your
light
as
brightly
as
you
can.
May
you
always
share
it
with
others
as
well.
Remember
that
you
are
not
asked
to
　15　
the
whole
world
up.
What
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
make
your
little
corner
of
it
a
bit
brighter.

1.
A.
printed　
B.
dyed　　C.
colored　
D.
pictured
2.
A.
pushing
B.
pulling
C.
dragging
D.
waving
3.
A.
food
B.
thing
C.
treat
D.
feast
4.
A.
comforted
B.
approved
C.
pleased
D.
blamed
5.
A.
unless
B.
before
C.
when
D.
once
6.
A.
delight
B.
disappoint
C.
satisfy
D.
touch
7.
A.
chance
B.
surprise
C.
curiosity
D.
joy
8.
A.
green
B.
ordinary
C.
vast
D.
dark
9.
A.
intend
B.
plan
C.
tend
D.
manage
10.
A.
give
out
B.
give
off
C.
give
away
D.
give
in
11.
A.
absorbed
B.
appealed
C.
applied
D.
collected
12.
A.
stayed
B.
remained
C.
changed
D.
hidden
13.
A.
cause
B.
appear
C.
bring
D.
require
14.
A.
hold
B.
shine
C.
spread
D.
offer
15.
A.
build
B.
deepen
C.
light
D.
brighten
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1.
To
show
the
versatility
(多面性)
of
the
short
play,
I
have
included
a
guidance
(guide)
play,
a
radio
play
and
a
television
play.
2.
Fortunately
(fortunate),
curiosity
and
discontent
don’t
have
to
be
learned.
We
are
born
with
them
and
need
only
recapture
them.
3.
I
am
an
active
playgoer
and
play-reader,
and
perhaps
my
best
reason
for
editing
this
book
is
a
hope
of
sharing
my
enthusiasm
(enthusiastic)
for
the
theater
with
others.
4.
However,
we
can
achieve
meaning
only
if
we
have
made
a
commitment
(commit)
to
something
larger
than
our
own
little
egos(自我),
whether
to
loved
ones,
to
fellow
humans,
to
work,
or
to
some
moral
concept.
5.To
many
people,
technology
means
computers,
hand-held
devices,
or
vehicles
that
travel
to
distant
planets.
However,
technology
is
also
the
application
(apply)
of
scientific
knowledge
to
solve
a
problem,
touching
lives
in
countless
ways.
Ⅱ.
1.
Occasionally,
I
would
read
a
novel
that
was
assigned,
but
I
didn’t
enjoy
this
type
of
reading.

2.
Spoiling
children
may
make
them
have
no
consciousness
about
their
selfish
behavior.

3.
Please
make
sure
you
have
all
your
belongings
with
you
when
leaving
the
plane.

4.
Hearing
that
his
son
was
not
admitted
to
the
ideal
university,
his
heart
sank.

5.
While
some
people
are
motivated
by
a
need
for
success,
others
are
motivated
by
a
fear
of
failure.

Ⅲ.
1.
He
set
up
a
welfare
organization
(organize)
ten
years
ago.
Now,
he
has
made
a
great
achievement
(achieve)
and
he
is
also
a
respectable
businessman.
We
all
feel
inspired
(inspire)
by
his
deeds
and
kindness
(kind).
2.
The
wealthy
man
went
abroad
with
the
intention
(intend)
of
trying
his
fortune,
while
the
poor
man
intended
(intend)
to
learn
some
skills
of
earning
money.
3.
The
old
doctor
takes
many
things
into
consideration
(consider)
before
making
a
prescription.
His
observation
(observe)
plays
an
important
part,
through
which
he
will
make
a
connection
(connect).
4.
To
gain
an
advantage
over
others
in
an
argument
(argue),
you
should
be
respectful
and
considerate
(consider).
You
also
should
mind
your
behavior
(behave),
your
tone
and
so
on.
To
get
enough
information
about
a
topic,
you
should
turn
to
reference
(refer)
books.
5.
It
once
hit
me
that
I
could
live
a
quiet
life
in
the
rural
area.
Therefore,
I
began
to
consider
moving(move)
to
a
small
mountain
village.
Once
I
settled
down,
I
started
living
like
an
old
fairy.
6.
You
should
carry
on
with
your
hard
work.
Only
in
this
way
can
you
succeed.
You
should
remember
that
it
is
your
own
effort
that
determines(determine)
your
future.
7.
Tired(tire)
and
hungry,
we
finally
came
to
a
small
village
about
an
old
hunter,
with
whose
help
we
met
by
chance.
It
is
with
his
help
that
we
found
our
way
out
of
the
forest.
8.
The
scientist
has
observed
the
peasants
grow(grow)
crops
in
the
traditional
way.
He
thinks
that
it
is
his
duty
to
argue
them
into
believing
scientific
farming.
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国倡导的“一带一路”给许多国家带来的发展机会和进展情况。
1.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段中More
than
120
countries
and
29
international
organizations
have
signed
agreements
with
China
up
to
date,
bringing
all
sorts
of
development
opportunities
to
parties
of
the
BRI,
including
the
construction
of
Kenya’s
first
high-speed
expressway,
the
first
cross-sea
bridge
in
the
Maldives,
and
the
formation
of
the
car
industry
in
Belarus.
(迄今为止,
超过120个国家和29个国际组织已经和中国签署了协议,
给“一带一路”倡议国带来了各种发展机会,
包括肯尼亚第一条高速公路的建设、马尔代夫的第一跨海大桥,
白俄罗斯汽车产业的形成)可知,
本段采用举例的方式来说明“一带一路”给倡议国带来的好处。A项符合以上说法。
2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A
number
of
Chinese
ideas
and
initiatives
have
been
formed
with
the
goal
of
building
a
community
of
common
destiny
in
mind.
Under
the
BRI,
we
can
expect
China
to
deepen
policy
coordination,
facilities
connectivity,
free
trade,
financial
integration,
and
people-to-people
bonds.
(中国提出的一系列理念和倡议,
都着眼于构建人类命运共同体。在“一带一路”框架下,
我们可以期待中国深化政策协调、设施联通、自由贸易、金融融合、民心相同)可知,
中国一直致力于人类共同体的发展。C项符合以上说法。
3.【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据画线部分所在句子What
makes
the
BRI
unique
is
that
it
is
an
initiative
for
win-win
cooperation
rather
than
zero-sum
competition.
可知,
“一带一路”的独特之处在于,
它是一个双赢的合作,
而非zero-sum
competition。由句意可知,
上下文是转折关系,
由此推测画线部分的意思是“单方面获利”。
D.
Some
participants
will
win
at
the
cost
of
others.
(一些参与者以牺牲他方为代价获得利益)符合以上说法。
4.【解析】选D。标题归纳题。根据文章的主要内容,
尤其是第一段的Italy
and
China
have
agreed
to
jointly
advance
the
construction
of
the
Belt
and
Road
Initiative
(BRI)可知,
本文主要讲述意大利和中国已经同意共同推动“一带一路”的建设。故D.
Italy
and
China
reached
an
agreement
on
BRI(意大利和中国就“一带一路”达成协议)可以作为本文标题。
B
【文章大意】本文介绍由3D打印机为宇航员打印出的栖息地通过了美国宇航局的测试。
5.【解析】选D。段落大意题。根据第一段中的“a
3D-printed
habitat
that
could
be
home
for
the
first
humans
visiting
the
Red
Planet.
It
has
a
double-shell
design.
.
.
Inside,
its
functional
areas
are
spread
over
four
levels”和第二段中的“On
the
first
level.
.
.
The
second
level.
.
.
The
third
level.
.
.
The
fourth
level.
.
.
”可知,
第一、二段主要是对这个3D打印的栖息地的介绍。
6.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第二段可知,
在第一层有一个潮湿的实验室和宇航员进出大楼的准备区。第二层有一个干燥的实验室,
还有一个厨房区域。第三层是一个睡眠区,
还有一个卫生舱和一个花园区。第四层是锻炼和娱乐区。上文已提到kitchen
area
,
sleeping
area,
所以画线词sanitation
pod指洗手间。
7.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“After
passing
a
series
of
NASA’s
tests,
this
material
was
found
to
be
stronger
than
its
concrete
competitors.
”可知,
美国宇航局选择人工智能太空工厂作为赢家,
因为它通过了美国宇航局的一系列测试。
8.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It’s
light,
and
it’s
strong,
like
an
airplane.
.
.
That’s
going
to
be
very
important
for
these
types
of
habitats.
”可知,
它很轻,
而且很结实,
就像一架飞机,
这对这些栖息地非常重要。由此可推知,
这个3D打印的栖息地意义重大。
V.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。本文讲述了Google
Earth的图像并不是从太空卫星上实时更新的,
而是由某些政府机构和一些商业图像提供商提供,
但它仍具有一定优点,
并且本文介绍了下载Google
Earth三个方面的优点。
1.
【解析】选G。上文The
reality
is
that
the
images
captured
by
the
satellites
are
made
available
by
certain
government
agencies
and
some
commercial
image
providers.
(实际情况是,
卫星拍摄的图像由某些政府机构和一些商业图像提供商提供)
与G.
They
are
then
acquired
by
Google
Earth
and
uploaded
to
the
image
database
for
public
use.
(它们随后被谷歌地图收购并上传到图像数据库供公众使用)承接自然,
上下文是并列关系,
image是关键词。
2.
【解析】选F。根据下文陈述的几个下载谷歌地图的优点可知,
此处应选择一个能开启下文的句子,
F.
Here
are
a
few
reasons
why
you
should
have
Google
Earth
on
your
computer.
(这里是一些你为什么应该在你的电脑上安装谷歌地图的原因)可以放在此处开启下文。
3.
【解析】选D。根据下文的You
can
also
create
maps
with
the
geospatial
data
that
is
available
on
the
program,
as
well
as
capture
and
print
high-resolution
satellite
images
for
free.
(
你还可以使用程序中提供的地理空间数据创建地图,
以及免费捕获和打印高分辨率卫星图像)可知,
本段主要讲述可以免费下载谷歌地图。D.
You
can
download
Google
Earth
at
no
cost
at
all.
(你可以免费下载谷歌地图)可以作为本段中心句,
for
free和at
no
cost
at
all是关键词。
4.
【解析】选A。根据下文的Google
Earth
features
several
tools
that
are
easy
to
use
regardless
of
your
technical
proficiency
level.
(
Google
Earth有几种工具,
无论你的技术熟练程度如何,
都易于使用)可知,
本段主要讲述谷歌地图易于使用。A.
It
is
relatively
easy
to
use.
(它相对容易使用)可以作为本段中心句,
easy
to
use是关键词。
5.
【解析】选C。根据下文Google
Earth
makes
it
possible
for
you
to
track
changes
within
your
neighborhood.
With
the
historical
imagery
feature,
you
can
find
the
level
of
infrastructural
improvements
or
environmental
degradation.
(Google
Earth使你能够跟踪你附近地区的变化。通过历史图像功能,
你可以找到基础设施改善或环境退化的程度)可知,
本段主要讲述谷歌地球可以提供具体的视图,
C.
It
provides
detailed
view
of
different
locations.
(它提供不同位置的细节视图)可以作为本段中心句。
VI.
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。一天晚上作者出去遛狗,
夜空下看到一闪一闪的萤火虫,
联想到人也应该跟萤火虫一样,
为他人、为世界散发自己的光芒。
1.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
一天晚上,
我在遛我的狗史努比的时候,
夕阳的余晖把云渲染成了紫色和粉红色。printed打印,
印刷;
dyed
用(颜料等)给……染色;
colored
渲染,
染色;
pictured绘画,
描写。根据空格后“the
clouds
purple
and
pink”可知,
句中形象地比喻夕阳照耀云朵,
就像给它渲染了(colored)颜色一样。
2.【解析】选B。考查动名词词义辨析。句意:
过了一会儿,
史努比开始拉她的皮带。
pushing压,
推;
pulling拉;
dragging拖;
waving挥手。根据下一句提到史努比迫不及待想吃食物可知,
史努比开始拉(pulling)她的皮带进屋去找食物。
3.【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
她迫不及待进屋去吃一碗狗粮和熏肉零食。
food食物;
thing事情,
东西;
treat款待,
小零食;
feast盛宴。分析语境可知,
史努比想要吃食物和熏肉,
此处的熏肉是小零食(treat)。
4.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
不过,
我还没准备好进去,
所以我安慰了她。
comforted安慰;
approved赞成,
批准;
pleased使高兴;
blamed责备。文中的“我”自己还没有准备好,
所以安慰(comforted)史努比,
让它别着急。
5.【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。句意:
也没过多久,
我就看到它们一闪一闪地发光。unless除非;
before在……以前;
when当……时候;
once曾经。根据上文可知,
文中的我傍晚带史努比出去,
过了不多会儿(it
wasn’t
long
before.
.
.
),
天黑了,
我看到了萤火虫发光。
6.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
它们总是让我高兴。delight
使高兴,
取悦;
disappoint使失望;
satisfy使满足;
touch接触,
感动。根据下一句“They
have
never
failed
to
make
the
world
a
little
brighter(它们总是能让世界变得更加光明)”可知,
萤火虫发光照亮黑暗,
使人高兴(delight)。
7.【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:
如此奇妙的生物能发出自己的光芒,
使黑暗的草地看起来像繁星点点的天空,
这一直是一件令人愉快的事。
chance机会;
surprise惊讶;
curiosity好奇;
joy愉快,
欣喜。根据语境,
作者感动于小萤火虫发光照亮黑暗,
认为这是一件令人愉快(joy)的事情。
8.【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:
如此奇妙的生物能发出自己的光芒,
使黑暗的草地看起来像繁星点点的天空,
这一直是一件令人欣喜的事。green绿色的;
ordinary普通的;
vast辽阔的;
dark黑暗的。根据上文可知,
文中我晚上出去遛狗,
夜空下草地是黑暗的(dark)。
9.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
它们也使我想分享自己的光,
即使它不是那么亮,
即使它往往也会眨一眨。intend打算;
plan计划;
tend往往,
趋向;
manage管理。根据语境,
形象地比喻自己的光往往(tend)不是很亮,
就像萤火虫的光一样。
10.【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:
罗伯特·富尔格姆写道:
“我认识一些人,
他们会释放很多光芒。”
give
out散发;
give
off释放;
give
away赠送;
give
in屈服。分析语境可知,
作者由萤火虫在黑暗中发光,
联想到了人,
形象地比喻有些人默默为他人提供帮助,
释放(give
off)自己的光芒。
11.【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
我不知道这些年我吸收了多少光,
但我知道我不会把它藏在篮子里。absorbed吸收;
appealed上诉,
申诉;
applied申请,
应用;
collected收集。分析语境可知,
文中的我由萤火虫在黑暗中发光,
联想到自己接受别人的很多帮助,
就像吸收(absorbed)了别人的光芒一样,
且上文的they
have
aborbed
a
lot
of
light
themselves也有暗示。
12.【解析】选D。考查过去分词词义辨析。句意:
我不知道这些年我吸收了多少光,
但我知道我不会把它藏在篮子里。stayed停留;
remained保持;
changed改变;
hidden隐藏的。根据上一段中“They
make
me
want
to
share
my
own
light(它们使我想分享自己的光)”可知,
文中的我不想隐藏(hidden),
而是想分享自己的光芒。
13.【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。
句意:
我会用它尽我所能把善良、爱、欢乐和智慧带给这个世界。cause引起;
appear出现;
bring带来;
require需要。根据语境,
萤火虫发光给黑暗带来了一丝光明,
文中的我联想到自己,
形象地表达自己也要像萤火虫一样,
给世界带来(bring)善良、爱、欢乐和智慧。
14.【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
愿你一直尽你所能闪耀光芒。
hold抓住;
shine发光,
照亮;
spread传播,
散布;
offer主动提出,
报价。根据第三段中“I
will
shine
it.
I
will
share
it.
(我会让它发光,
我会分享它)”可知,
此处要表达“发光(shine)”。
15.【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:
记住,
你不是被要求去照亮整个世界的。build建造;
deepen加深;
light点亮;
brighten照亮。
根据下一句“What
you
need
to
do
is
just
to
make
your
little
corner
of
it
a
bit
brighter(你需要做的只是让你的小角落更明亮一点)”,
可知,
句意表达的是,
你不是被要求照亮(brighten)整个世界。