译林版（2019）必修一：Unit 4 Looking good,feeling good Extended reading作业（含解析）

必修第一册练习
Unit
4
Looking
good,feeling
good
Extended
reading
&
Project
Ⅰ.
根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式
1.
As
the
__________(格言,
谚语)
goes,
the
early
bird
catches
the
worm.
2.
The
tree
cast
its
__________(阴影,
影子)
on
the
wall.
3.
Most
of
the
computers
we
are
using
are
__________(数码的,
数字的)computers.
4.
The
__________(外面的,
外部的)features
of
the
building
are
very
attractive.
5.
Words
cannot
describe
the
__________(美,
美丽)
of
the
scene.
6.
He
has
been
brought
in
to
__________(strength)
the
defence.
7.
The
young
__________
(talent)girl
is
most
likely
to
win
the
match.
8.
Houses
in
the
suburbs
often
have
no
__________(individual).
9.
The
__________(content)
of
the
letter
are
secret.
10.
Coming
top
in
the
exam
was
quite
an
__________(achieve).
Ⅱ.
用恰当的介词填空
1.
The
heavy
cloud
of
disappointment
seemed
to
hang
__________
the
whole
proceedings.
2.
Sales
have
not
lived
up
__________
expectations
this
year.
3.
Students
have
put
forward
a
series
__________
questions.
4.
We
all
take
pride
__________
your
success.
5.
At
last,
this
was
a
chance
to
show
__________
her
talents
before
a
real
audience.
6.
The
firewall
guards
the
computer
__________
viruses
or
other
harmful
programs.
7.
I
play
the
piano
tolerably
well,
though
I
have
no
particular
talent
__________
it.
Ⅲ.
根据提示翻译句子
1.
他最终考试没及格。(end
up)
___________________________
2.
我对当前的收入很满意。(content)
___________________________
3.
这场病对他的人生观产生了深刻的影响。(effect)
___________________________

4.
作为一个学生,
你应该记住学习很重要。(keep.
.
.
in
mind)
___________________________
5.
也许这本书会对你的研究有用处。(prove)
___________________________

IV.
阅读理解
A
The
skin
under
the
eyes
is
delicate,
which
is
why
it
sometimes
appears
sunken
and
has
darker
coloring
than
elsewhere
on
the
face.
Aging
and
health
problems
play
a
role
in
sunken
eyes
but
other
factors
can
contribute
too,
so
it
may
affect
younger
people
as
well.
Dehydration
The
most
common
cause
of
sunken
eyes
is
dehydration,
or
not
having
enough
water
in
the
body.
Consuming
too
much
coffee,
soda,
and
prepackaged
drinks
may
increase
production
of
urine,
which
may
lead
to
dehydration.
Vitamin
shortages
Shortages
of
vitamin
C,
vitamin
K,
and
iron
can
cause
eyes
to
become
sunken.
Vitamin
C
helps
with
absorbing
iron
and
decreasing
bruising,
while
vitamin
K
is
responsible
for
blood
thickening,
the
lack
of
which
may
cause
unhealthy
skin.
Easy
bruising
and
unhealthy
skin
will
result
in
sunken
eyes.
Weight
loss
Most
people
tend
to
lose
weight
in
their
face
first.
Sometimes,
the
weight
loss
is
sudden
enough
to
make
blood
vessels
below
the
eyes
easy
to
see,
and
the
skin
clear,
producing
the
appearance
of
sunken
eyes.
Sudden
weight
loss
may
also
cause
nutritional
shortages,
which
can
lead
to
sunken
eyes.
Not
enough
sleep
or
poor-quality
sleep
can
cause
sunken
eyes
and
a
person’s
DNA
or
the
habit
of
smoking
can
also
contribute
to
sunken
eyes.
Most
cases
of
sunken
eyes
relate
to
the
quality
of
an
individual’s
nutrition
and
healthy
living.
When
these
causes
are
corrected,
sunken
eyes
can
be
resolved
without
further
treatment.
This
means
that
causes
can
be
avoided
or
treated
in
good
time
to
prevent
the
recurrence
of
sunken
eyes.
1.
What
can
we
do
to
prevent
dehydration
according
to
the
text
A.
Have
certain
drinks
less.
B.
Refuse
coffee.
C.
Drink
more
water.
D.
Say
no
to
soft
drinks.
2.
What
will
lead
to
bruising
below
the
eyes
A.
Lack
of
vitamin
K.
B.
Water
shortages.
C.
Lack
of
vitamin
C.
D.
Nutritional
shortages.
3.
Which
of
the
following
should
be
avoided
for
people
losing
weight
A.
Pale
faces.
B.
Sudden
weight
loss.
C.
Clean
skin.
D.
Narrow
blood
vessels.
B
You
cannot
judge
a
book
by
looking
at
its
cover!
That’s
what
a
group
of
parents
and
students
in
Hangzhou
has
found
out
this
term.
When
they
came
to
school
in
September,
the
students
were
shocked
to
learn
that
their
class
teacher
was
to
be
a
P.
E.
teacher.
How
could
someone
who
teaches
table
tennis
and
basketball
know
anything
about
academics
Their
parents
were
equally
worried
and
pressured
the
school
to
replace
“Miss
Muscle”
with
a
“Miss
Brain”.
However,
the
principal(校长)
did
not
give
in
to
the
pressure
and
now
the
parents
and
students
are
happy
that
the
school
firmly
insisted.
After
three
months,
the
P.
E.
teacher,
whose
name
is
actually
Miss
Su,
has
turned
out
to
be
a
wonderful
class
teacher.
She
is
intelligent,
kind
and
helpful.
She
is
a
good
leader
who
keeps
her
students
active
in
their
studies
and
participate
in
school
activities.
And
she
has
won
the
parents
over
with
her
real
caring
for
their
children.
In
other
words,
Miss
Su,
the
P.
E.
teacher,
is
“pretty
extraordinary”.
The
early
negative
reaction
against
Miss
Su
is
an
example
of
bias(偏见).
“Bias”
is
wrong
in
thinking
that
has
an
influence
on
a
person’s
opinions
and
decisions.
For
example,
in
business,
tall
men
are
more
likely
to
be
bosses.
In
the
United
States,
anyone
who
is
above
190
centimeters
tall
can
expect
to
have
a
higher
salary
and
to
get
more
promotions
than
his
shorter
co-workers.
Similarly,
women
have
a
difficult
time
climbing
the
career
ladder
because
their
bosses(mostly
men!
)
think
that
women
lack
leadership
skills
and
the
necessary
toughness
to
make
difficult
decisions.
Neither
of
these
opinions
is
based
on
facts
or
the
talents
of
the
individual.
They’re
just
bias.
4.
What
seemed
to
be
the
parents’
early
reaction
to
Miss
Su
A.
They
were
excited.
B.
They
were
amazed.
C.
They
were
worried.
D.
They
were
interested.
5.
Why
is
Miss
Su
considered
to
be
“pretty
extraordinary”
A.
She
is
an
excellent
P.
E.
teacher.
B.
She
was
finally
removed.
C.
She
really
cared
about
her
students.
D.
The
headmaster
was
proved
to
be
wrong.
6.
The
examples
are
given
in
the
last
paragraph
to
show
______.

A.
tall
men
are
usually
excellent
B.
people
are
often
judged
with
bias
C.
opinions
should
be
based
on
facts
D.
women
lack
leadership
skills
7.
What’s
the
author’s
attitude
towards
the
bias
A.
Disagreeable.
　
B.
Acceptable.
C.
Careless.
D.
Curious.
C
Teenagers
who
start
the
school
early
are
likely
to
weigh
slightly
more
than
those
who
start
later.
That’s
the
finding
of
a
new
study
of
nearly
30,
000
Canadians
between
the
ages
of
10
and
18.
Getting
too
little
sleep
can
put
kids
at
risk
for
a
number
of
problems.
Sleepy
teens
are
more
likely
to
be
overweight,
to
have
trouble
concentrating
and
to
struggle
in
school.
Genevieve
Gariepy,
who
works
at
Mcgill
University
in
Montreal,
Canada,
wanted
to
know
how
earlier
school
start
times
might
be
connected
with
weight.
“Overweight
in
teenagers
is
a
big
problem
in
North
America,
”
she
says.
The
number
of
overweight
kids
has
grown
over
the
past
30
years.
So
Gariepy
decided
to
home
in
on
the
impact
(影响)
of
school
start
times.

Her
team
collected
start
times
for
362
Canadian
schools.
Then
they
asked
students
at
those
schools
to
give
their
height
and
weight.
In
all,
they
collected
data
from
nearly
30,
000
10
to
18-year-olds.
Among
6th
to
10th
graders,
those
who
started
school
earlier
were
likely
to
be
slightly
heavier
for
their
height.
Every
10-minute
delay
in
school
start
time
was
connected,
on
average,
with
a
lightly
lower
weight
among
students
who
were
the
same
sex,
age
and
height.
However,
the
difference
is
slight.
Healthy
eating
and
getting
enough
exercise
will
play
a
bigger
role
in
keeping
a
healthy
weight.
Because
the
study
compared
kids
who
already
started
school
at
different
times
of
day,
it’s
not
clear
that
changing
school
start
time
would
help
heavier
kids
lose
weight.
To
know
for
sure,
researchers
would
want
to
compare
the
same
kids
before
and
after
changing
to
a
later
school
start
time.
Still,
the
study
is
a
good
start,
says
Cora
Collette
Bruener,
a
doctor
at
Seattle
Children’s
Hospital
in
Washington.
The
findings
add
to
a
growing
pile
of
evidence
that
later
school
start
time
might
be
better
for
teen
health,
she
says.
8.
What
is
the
finding
of
the
new
study
A.
More
and
more
teens
are
growing
overweight.
B.
Healthy
diets
and
enough
exercise
help
reduce
weight.
C.
Teens
who
start
school
earlier
are
a
little
overweight.
D.
Teens
who
start
school
earlier
do
not
perform
well.
18.
”9.
What
does
the
underlined
phrase
“home
in
on”
in
Paragraph
3
probably
mean
A.
reduce
B.
focus
on
C.
move
to
D.
judge
10.
What
does
Cora
Collette
Bruener
think
of
the
study
A.
It
has
inspiring
value.
B.
It
lacks
further
support.
C.
It
needs
improving.
D.
It
is
well
designed.
11.
The
passage
is
written
to
______.

A.
discuss
when
schools
should
start
B.
inform
the
finding
of
a
recent
study
C.
warn
parents
to
take
good
care
of
kids
D.
call
on
school
leaders
to
change
schools’
schedules
V.七选五
　　The
key
to
losing
weight
is
to
understand
what
really
motivates
you.
Have
you
ever
been
excited
about
losing
a
few
pounds
　1　And
to
help
you
keep
your
weight
under
control,
you
need
some
strategies.

Ask
questions.
When
you’re
researching
different
dieting
products
and
plans
or
even
talking
to
a
doctor
about
diets,
ask
as
many
questions
as
you
can.
　2　Ask
questions
like:
Do
I
have
to
purchase
special
meals
or
supplements
Does
the
program
include
a
part
to
help
me
maintain
my
weight
loss

Get
real.
　3　Don’t
burden
yourself
with
unrealistic
expectations.
Remember,
large
amounts
of
weight
loss
are
not
realistic
and
are
most
likely
not
safe
or
healthy.
Talk
with
your
health
care
professional
to
determine
a
healthy
weight
goal.

　4　To
maintain
your
weight,
you
must
balance
your
intake
of
calories
with
the
energy
you
burn.
Just
30
minutes
of
fast
walking
in
most
days
can
take
about
10
pounds
off
your
weight
each
year.

Weigh
yourself
weekly.
It’s
important
to
track
your
weight
on
any
diet
or
weight
loss
plan,
but
don’t
get
on
the
scale
every
day.
Weighing
daily
won’t
show
you
the
big
picture.
　5　
A.
Stay
balanced.
B.
Once
a
week
is
fine.
C.
Stick
with
your
healthy
eating
plan.
D.
Losing
one
to
two
pounds
a
week
is
a
realistic
goal.
E.
Being
well
informed
will
help
you
choose
the
best
diet
for
you.
F.
Regular
weight
check-ins
will
show
you
your
progress
over
time.
G.
If
so,
you
must
find
a
way
to
turn
that
excitement
into
determination.
VI.
语法填空
　　The
consequences
without
eating
a
balanced
diet
may
be
much
more
serious
than
we
thought.
A
major
study
1.
________(suggest)
it
contributes
to
one
in
five
deaths
worldwide
has
been
published
in
The
Lancet
recently.
About
11
million
deaths
every
year
may
have
been
prevented
by
taking
in
fewer
red
meat,
sugary
drinks
and
fats.

The
seven-year
study
2.
________(look)
at
dietary
factors
from
1990
to
2018
in
195
3.
________(country)
and
found
that
people
were
eating
too
many
of
the
wrong
types
of
food,
and
too
little
of
the
food
4.
________(they)
bodies
needed.
And
that
may
be
5.
________important
reason
for
a
range
of
diseases.

“This
study
says
that
poor
diet
is
responsible
6.
________
more
deaths
than
any
other
risk
factor”,
study
author
Christopher
Murray
noted
in
a
release.
“7.
________sodium(钠),
sugar
and
fat
have
been
the
focus
of
debates
over
the
past
two
decades,
our
study
8.
________(official)
suggests
that
the
leading
dietary
risk
factor
is
the
low
intake
of
healthy
food.
”
The
result
underlines
that
the
current
food
education
campaigns
aren’t
quite
9.
________(effect).
The
finding
shows
that
necessary
measures
should
be
taken
urgently
10.
________(balance)
people’s
diets
around
the
world.

参考答案
Ⅰ.
1.
As
the
saying(格言,
谚语)
goes,
the
early
bird
catches
the
worm.
2.
The
tree
cast
its
shadow(阴影,
影子)
on
the
wall.
3.
Most
of
the
computers
we
are
using
are
digital(数码的,
数字的)computers.
4.
The
external(外面的,
外部的)features
of
the
building
are
very
attractive.
5.
Words
cannot
describe
the
beauty(美,
美丽)
of
the
scene.
6.
He
has
been
brought
in
to
strengthen(strength)
the
defence.
7.
The
young
talented
(talent)girl
is
most
likely
to
win
the
match.
8.
Houses
in
the
suburbs
often
have
no
individuality(individual).
9.
The
contents(content)
of
the
letter
are
secret.
10.
Coming
top
in
the
exam
was
quite
an
achievement(achieve).
Ⅱ.1.
The
heavy
cloud
of
disappointment
seemed
to
hang
over
the
whole
proceedings.
2.
Sales
have
not
lived
up
to
expectations
this
year.
3.
Students
have
put
forward
a
series
of
questions.
4.
We
all
take
pride
in
your
success.
5.
At
last,
this
was
a
chance
to
show
off
her
talents
before
a
real
audience.
6.
The
firewall
guards
the
computer
against
viruses
or
other
harmful
programs.
7.
I
play
the
piano
tolerably
well,
though
I
have
no
particular
talent
for
it.
Ⅲ.
1.
He
ended
up
failing
in
the
exam.

2.
I
am
content
with
my
present
income.

3.
The
illness
had
a
profound
effect
on
his
view
of
life.

4.
As
a
student,
you
should
keep
in
mind
that
study
is
very
important.

5.
Perhaps
this
book
will
prove
to
be
of
some
use
to
you
in
your
studies.

IV.
A
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。眼睛下面的皮肤很娇嫩,
这就是为什么它有时会凹陷,
颜色比脸部其他部位更深。老化和健康问题是造成眼窝凹陷的原因之一,
但其他因素也有影响,
文章主要说明了三个容易造成眼窝凹陷的影响因素。
1.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中最后一句可知饮用过多的咖啡、苏打水和预包装饮料可能会增加尿液的产生,
从而导致脱水。由此可知,
我们可以少喝某些饮料来防止脱水。故选A。
2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中Vitamin
C
helps
with
absorbing
iron.
.
.
result
in
sunken
eyes.
可知维生素C有助于吸收铁和减少瘀伤,
而维生素K负责血液变浓,
缺乏它可能会导致不健康的皮肤。容易擦伤和不健康的皮肤会导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,
缺乏维生素C会导致眼睛下面的瘀青。故选C。
3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Most
people
tend
to
lose
weight.
.
.
which
can
lead
to
sunken
eyes.
可知大多数人倾向于先在脸上减肥。有时候,
体重突然下降,
眼睛下面的血管容易被看清,
皮肤也会变得透明,
产生眼窝凹陷的现象。体重突然下降还可能造成营养不足,
从而导致眼窝凹陷。由此可知,
减肥的人应该避免体重突然下降。故选B。
B
【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章通过讲述杭州某中学的家长对体育老师当班主任态度的转变,
提出了我们不能“以貌取人”,
即不能带着偏见来判断一个人。
4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的Their
parents
were
equally
worried
and
pressured
the
school
to
replace
“Miss
Muscle”
with
a
“Miss
Brain”.
可知孩子的父母很担心,
并给学校施压,
希望用教文化科目的老师代替教体育的老师。C.
They
were
worried.
(他们很担心)符合,
故选C。
5.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段的And
she
has
won
the
parents
over
with
her
real
caring
for
their
children.
In
other
words,
Miss
Su,
the
P.
E.
teacher,
is
“pretty
extraordinary”.
可知因为苏老师对孩子们的关爱,
家长们认为她是一个卓越的老师。C.
She
really
cared
about
her
students.
(她真的关爱她的学生)符合,
故选C。
6.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段的For
example,
in
business,
tall
men
.
.
.
women
lack
leadership
skills
and
the
necessary
toughness
to
make
difficult
decisions.
可推测这些例子主要是为了说明人们常常受到带有偏见的评判。B.
people
are
often
judged
with
bias
(人们常常受到带有偏见的评判)符合,
故选B。
7.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段的Neither
of
these
opinions
is
based
on
facts
or
the
talents
of
the
individual.
They’re
just
bias.
(这些观点都不是基于事实或个人的天赋,
它们只是偏见)可推测作者不赞成带着偏见判断一个人。A.
Disagreeable.
(不同意)符合,
故选A。
C
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些。上学时间晚一些可能对青少年的健康更好,
因此作者呼吁学校领导更改学校的作息时间表。
8.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段“Teenagers
who
start
the
school
early
.
.
.
between
the
ages
of
10
and
18.
”可知,
每天较早上学的青少年可能比晚上学的青少年的体重重一些,
这是对近30
000名10至18岁的加拿大人进行研究得出的结果。即新研究发现每天较早上学的青少年可能有些超重。故选C。
9.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Overweight
in
teenagers
is
a
big
problem
.
.
.
over
the
past
30
years.
”和第二段中的“Genevieve
Gariepy,
who
works
.
.
.
might
be
connected
with
weight.
”可知,
在北美洲青少年超重是一个大问题。在过去30年中,
超重儿童的数量有所增加。Gariepy想要知道较早的上学时间可能与体重有多大的关联。由此可以看出Gariepy想要关注较早的上学时间与体重之间的联系,
即可推断出画线短语的意思是“关注”。focus
on:
致力于,
对(某事或做某事)予以注意。故选B。
10.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Still,
the
study
is
a
good
start,
.
.
.
might
be
better
for
teen
health,
she
says.
”可知,
华盛顿西雅图儿童医院的医生Cora
Collette
Bruener表示,
这项研究是一个良好的开端。这些发现使越来越多的证据表明晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此
Cora
Collette
Bruener认为这项研究具有启发性的价值。故选A。
11.【解析】选D。推理判断题。通读全文可知,
晚一些的上学时间可能对青少年的健康更好。因此作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁学校领导更改学校的时间表。故选D。
V.【文章大意】本文讲述了关于帮助减肥的一些建议和方法。
1.
【解析】选G。
上文讲“你曾经为减去几磅而兴奋吗
”,
下文讲“帮助你控制体重”,
所以G项“如果是这样,
你必须找到一种方法把兴奋转换成决心”承接上下文。G项中的“excitement”与上文的“excited”相呼应。
2.
【解析】选E。
根据后文Do
I
have
to.
.
.

的问题可知,
这些问题是对自己的提问,
表示是否了解自己,
而E项Being
well
informed
will
help
you
choose
the
best
diet
for
you.
就是对这些问题的总括,
意思为“很好地了解自己有利于选择一个适合自己减肥的方法”,
故选E。
3.
【解析】选D。
根据后文Don’t
burden
.
.
.
可知,
不要让自己局限于不现实的期望中,
要有切合实际的目标,
而D项Losing
one
to
two
pounds
a
week
is
a
realistic
goal.
很好地阐明了这一点,
故选D。
4.
【解析】选A。
根据后文To
maintain
your
weight,
.
.
.
可知,
要保持体重就要做到摄入的热量和燃烧的热量的平衡,
而A项Stay
balanced就是对此的总述,
故选A。
5.
【解析】选B。
根据前一句Weighing
daily
won’t
show
you
the
big
picture.
可知,
不用天天称体重,
而B项“一周一次就好”紧接上文,
故选B。
VI.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不均衡饮食的严重后果。
1.
【解析】suggesting。考查非谓语动词。句意:
最近,
一项表明它会造成世界上五分之一人口死亡的主要研究已经发表在《柳叶刀》上。分析句子,
句子的谓语是has
been
published,
所以suggest要用非谓语动词形式,
逻辑主语study与suggest之间是主动关系,
故填suggesting。
2.
【解析】looked。考查动词时态。分析句子,
look和found是这个句子的并列谓语,
found用的过去时态,
故填looked。
3.
【解析】countries。
考查名词复数。country是可数名词,
前面有195修饰,
故填countries。
4.
【解析】their。考查形容词性物主代词。句意:
这项七年的研究着眼于1990年到2018年,
195个国家的饮食因素,
而且发现人们吃了太多错误种类的食物,
太少身体需要的食物。分析句子可知______
bodies
needed是省略了连接词的定语从句,
空白处是形容词作定语,
they的形容词性物主代词是their,
故填their。
5.
【解析】an。考查不定冠词。分析句子可知,
reason是可数名词单数形式,
important的发音是以元音音素开头,
故用不定冠词an。
6.
【解析】for。考查介词。句意:
这项研究指出不健康的饮食比任何其他风险因素都更能造成死亡。be
responsible
for意为“对……负责”,
故填for。
7.
【解析】Although/Though。
考查连词。句意:
虽然钠、糖和脂肪在过去的20年一直是争论的焦点,
但是我们的研究官方地指出饮食风险的主导因素是健康食物的低摄入。根据句意,
前后为“虽然……但是……”的关系,
故填Although/Though。
8.
【解析】officially。考查副词。suggests是动词,
应该用副词修饰,
official的副词是officially,
故填officially。
9.
【解析】effective。考查形容词。句意:
结果表明现行的食品教育运动不是非常有效。分析句子,
应该是形容词作are的表语,
effect的形容词为effective,
故填effective。
10.
【解析】to
balance。考查非谓语动词。句意:
研究结果表明,
在世界范围内应该迅速采取必要的措施来平衡人们的饮食。分析句子可知此处表目的,
用to
do,
故填to
balance。