人教版（2019）必修三：Unit 5 The value of money 词汇辨析精讲-（含答案)

高中必修三Unit
5
The
value
of
money词汇精讲
一、
apologize 、apology
1.
apologize vi. 道歉；谢罪。常见搭配：
apologize
to
somebody.向某人道歉
apologize
for
(doing)
something.因（做）某事而道歉
apologize
to
somebody.
for
(doing)
something.因（做）某事向某人道歉
例如：
Go
and
apologize
to
her.去给她赔不是。
We
apologize
for
the
late
departure
of
this
flight.本航班起飞延误，谨致歉意。
Apologize to your husband for anything you did wrong.为你所做错的一切向你的丈夫道歉。
2.
apology n. 道歉，歉意，谢罪。常见搭配：
make/offer
an
apology
to
somebody.
for
(doing)
something.因（做）某事向某人道歉。例如：
You
must
make
an
apology
to
everyone
for
making
such
a
big
mistake.你犯了这么大的错误，必须向大家道歉。
二、judge 、judgement
1. judge
1). n. 法官，裁判员，鉴定家。例如：
He
has
to
fill
up
the
High
Court's
Judge
ship.他必须找到人选填补高等法院法官的空缺。
A
line
judge
shall
indicate
whether
a
shuttle
is
in
or
out.司线员判断球是在界内还是界外。
2). v. 审判，判决；评判，评定；判断，断定，认为。例如：
You
shall
judge
a
man
by
the
company
he
keeps.你能够通过他的朋友来判断他的为人。
We
must
judge
whether
he
is
guilty.我们必须判定他是否有罪。
常用搭配：
judge...
by/from ...根据……对……下判断
judge
...(to
be)+adj./n.判决……为……，判断……为……，认为……是……
例如：
We
can't
judge
a
person
only
by
what
he
says.我们不能仅凭一个人所说的话去判断他。
The
court
judged
him
(to
be)
guilty.法院判决他有罪。
拓展：judging
from/by根据……判断。现在分词短语，一般用于句首。例如：
Judging
by
the
growth
ring
of
the
tree,
it
must
have
lived
many
years.从年轮来看，这棵树肯定活了很多年了。
Judging from the way he talks, I'm sure he's a scholar.从他的谈吐上看，我相信他是一位学者。
2.
judgement n. 意见；判断力；审判；评价。常用搭配：
make
a
judgement
about...对……做出判断/评价；
in
one's
judgement在某人看来。
例如：
I'll
act
on
my
own
judgement.我们要根据自己的意见行事。
It's
too
soon
to
make
a
judgement
about
what
the
outcome
will
be.现在就判断结果会怎样还为时过早。
In
my
judgement,
we
should
accept
their
apology.依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。
三、spot n. & v.
1.
spot n. 斑点；污点；地点。例如：
a
white
cat
with
brown
spots一个带褐色斑点的白猫
There
was
a
big
damp
spot
on
the
wall.墙上有一大块湿印。
I
chose
a
spot
far
away
from
the
road.我选择了一个远离马路的地点。
常用固定搭配：on
the spot在现场；当场，立即。例如：
We
ought
to
find
out
the
views
of
the
people
on
the
spot.我们应当了解一下在现场的那些人的看法。
He
was
fired
on
the
spot
for
stealing.他因偷窃当场就被解雇了。
2.
spot Vt. 发现；认出。常用搭配：spot
somebody.
doing
something.“看到某人在做某事”。例如：
Meg
spotted
someone
coming
out
of
the
building.Meg看到有个人从大楼里走出来。
Drug
addicts
are
very
easy
to
spot.瘾君子很容易辨认。
3.
spotless adj. 一尘不染的，干干净净的；毫无瑕疵的。例如：
After
she
finished
cleaning,
all
the
rooms
were
spotless.她打扫完之后，所有的房间都一尘不染。
四、intend
&
intention的基本词义及用法
1.
intend Vt.
a. 打算做，计划做，想要做。常用搭配：
intend
to
do/doing打算做某事
intend
somebody./something.
to
do
something.打算让某人做某事；想让某事……
intend
+(that)从句
计划……
I
intend
to
spend/spending
the
night
there. 我打算在那儿过夜。(不定式比动名词更常用)。
We
intended
her
to
come
with
us. 我们打算让她和我们一起来。
We
intended
that
the
new
series
would
be
live. 我们希望新的系列节目能够现场直播。
b. 意欲，希望(某事物作为某种用途或为某人使用)。常用搭配：
be
intended
for
somebody. 是为某人/某事物而提供/设计的
be
intended
to
do
something. 旨在做某某事
These
books
are
intended
for
children. 这些书是儿童设专用的。
The
film
was
intended
to
educate
people. 这部影片旨在教育人们。
2.
intention n.
a.
[C,U] 打算，计划，意图，目的。常用搭配：
the
intention
to
do
something.做某事的打算
have
no
every
intention
of
doing
something. 没有做某事的打算
have
every
intention
of
doing
something.有做某事的打算
with
the
intention
of
doing(作目的状语) 意图做某事
I
have
no
intention
of
retiring
just
yet. 我现在还没退休的打算。
We
have
every
intention
of
continuing
with
this
project
[=we
intend
to
continue
with
this
project],
whatever
the
cost.不管代价多大，我们都打算继续开展这个项目。
They
went
into
town
with
the
intention
of
visiting
the
library. 他们进城的目的是参观图书馆。
五、hesitate、
hesitation
1.
hesitate v. 犹豫；迟疑不决。常见搭配：
hesitate
to
do
something.犹豫着不想做/勉强做某事，不愿意做某事
例如：
She
hesitated
before
jumping
into
the
water.跳水之前她犹豫了。
I
hesitate
to
tell
you
the
whole
truth.我犹豫着不想告诉你全部的真相。
2.
hesitation n.[U] 犹豫。常见搭配：
without
hesitation毫不犹豫地
have
no
hesitation
in
doing
something.毫不犹豫地做某事
例如：
He
agreed
to
help
the
boy
without
hesitation/after
some
hesitation.
他毫不犹豫地答应帮助那个男孩/在一番犹豫之后他答应帮助那个男孩。
I
would
have
no
hesitation
in
recommending
Philip
for
the
position.
我非常愿意推荐菲利普担任这一职务。
六、manner n.
1）方式，方法。通常用单数形式，前面通常有形容词对其进行修饰。常见搭配：
in
this
manner以这种方式
in
a(n) ... manner以……方式
Do
it
in
this
manner.以这种方式来做它。
We
speak
to
each
other
in
a
friendly
manner
now.我们现在以友好的方式与彼此说话。
She
answered
in
a
businesslike
manner.她回答时显出一副公事公办的样子。
2）举止；行为方式；态度。通常用单数形式。常与介词to/toward(s)连用。例如：
She
has
an
elegant
manner.她举止优雅。
His
manner
toward
us
was
kind.他对我们态度和蔼。
3）礼貌，礼仪；习俗；规矩。通常用复数形式manners，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。常见搭配：
例如：
Manners
are
very
important
to
harmonious
relations
among
people.礼貌对人们之间的和睦关系很重要。
It
is
bad
manners
to
leave
without
saying
goodbye.不辞而别是不礼貌的。