人教版（2019）必修三：Unit 4 Space exploration 词汇精讲-（含答案)

高中必修三Unit
4
Space
exploration词汇精讲
一、launch
v.
1.
Vt. 发射（导弹、火箭等）。例如：
A
test
satellite was
launched
from
Cape
Canaveral.一颗实验人造卫星从Cape
Canaveral发射升空。
2.
Vt. 开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动）。例如：
We
launched
a
big
advertising
campaign
to
promote
our
new
toothpaste. 我们发动了一场声势浩大的广告宣传攻势，旨在推销新型牙膏。
3.
Vt. 把（新书、新产品等）投放市场。例如：
The
new
model
will
be
launched
in
July.新型号产品将在七月推出。
4.
Vt. 使（船，尤指新船）下水。例如：
The
new
ship
was
launched
today.新船今天下水了。

5.launch
n. 发射；发行；启用；投放市场；汽艇。例如：
The
satellite
had
been
inactive
since
its
launch
two
years
ago.该卫星自从两年前发射以来一直没起作用。
You
can
never
keep
a
launch
as
big
as
ours
completely
under
wraps.像我们这么大规模的新品发布，要绝对保密是不可能的。
The
country
announced
its
launch
of
nuclear
weapons
against
the
terrorists.该国宣布启用核武器对付恐怖分子。
A
series
of
technical
foul-ups
delayed
the
launch
of
the
new
product.一系列技术问题延误了新产品的投放市场。
We'll
make
a
trip
by
launch
to
White
Island.我们将乘汽艇到怀特岛。
二、
desire n.
1）愿望；欲望；渴望。常见用法如下：
a
desire
to
do
something./for
something.（做）某事的欲望
have
a
desire
to
do
something./for
something.渴望做某事/某物
have
no
desire
to
do
something.不想做某事/某物（此时相当于don't
want
to
do
something.）
例如：
A
strong
desire
for
being
rich
drives
him
crazy.对发财的强烈欲望使他发疯。
He
is
a
man
who
has
a
desire
for
power.他是一个对权力有欲望的人。
She
had
no
desire
to
go
shopping
now.(=She
didn't
want
to
go
shopping
now)她现在不想去买东西。
2）想望的人；渴望的事物。例如：
When
she
agreed
to
marry
him,
he
felt
he
had
achieved
his
heart's
desire.
当她答应嫁给他时，他感到终于得到了自己的心上人。
2.
desire Vt.
1）渴望；期望；想望（不用于进行时）。常见用法为：
desire
something.渴望某事
desire
to
do
something.渴望做某事
desire
somebody.
to
do
something.想要某人做某事
例如：
We
all
desire
health
and
happiness.我们都渴望健康和幸福。
Fewer
people
desire
to
live
in
the
north
of
the
country.想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。
My
mom
desires
me
to
become
successful
in
the
near
future.我妈妈渴望我在不久的将来取得成功。
2）desire意为“要求”，后接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词通常用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。例如：
We
desire
that
she
(should)
type
the
letter
at
once.我们要求她马上把信打出来。
三、signal n.&v.
1. signal v.发信号；表示；示意，预示。例如：
Don't
fire
until
I
signal.等我发出信号后再开枪。
He
signaled
to
the
waiter
for
the
bill.他示意服务员结账。
常见搭配有：
signal
(to)
somebody. to
do
something.示意（指示）某人做某事
signal
that
...预示着……；表明……
例如：
The
children's
mother
signaled
them
to
be
quiet.孩子们的妈妈示意他们安静。
A
flashing
light
signaled
that
there
was
danger
ahead.闪烁的灯光表明前方有危险。
2. signal n.信号；暗号；预示；（铁路的）信号灯，指示灯。
常见搭配有：
send out/give
a
signal发信号；表明
a
signal
that
...表明……
a/the
signal
(for
somebody.)
to
do
something.某人做某事的信号
例如：
The
meeting
gives
a
signal
that
we
need
to
pay
more
attention
to
our
work.本次会议表明我们需要更多地关注工作。
The
fireworks
were
a
signal
that
the
festival
had
started.烟花表明节日已经开始了。
It
is
a
signal
for
the
whole
world
to
be
serious
about
global
warming.这表明了全世界要认真对待全球变暖。
四、current
1.
current adj.①[只用于名词前]现时发生的，当前的，现在的；②通用的，流通的，流行的。例如：
Your
current
employer
is
much
better
than
before.你现在的雇主比以前的好太多了。
There
are
some
words
that
are
no
longer
current.有些已不再通用的词。
2.
current n.①（海洋或江河的）水流，潮流，气流；②电流；③思潮，潮流，趋向。例如：
He
swam
to
the
shore
against
a
strong
current.他逆着急流游向岸边。
It
is
a
15
amp
electrical
current.这是15安培的电流。
Ministers
are
worried
by
this
current
of
anti-government
feeling.部长们对这股反政府情绪感到担忧。
五、result
1. as
a
result 结果。例如：
He
made
one
big
mistake,
and,
as
a
result,
lost
his
job.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。
注意：
as
a
result相当于一个副词，单独做状语，它表示“结果（是）”；这个短语前后的句子常含有因果关系；as
a
result
of相当于一个介词短语，其后跟名词、代词或动名词，表示“由于……”。例如：
She
died
as
a
result
of
her
injuries.她由于受伤而死亡。
2. result in致使，导致。例如：
Fifty
percent
of
road
accidents
result
in
head
injuries.50%的公路交通事故致使头部受伤。
3. result from起因。例如：
Many
hair
problems
result
from
what
you
eat.很多头发问题是由你吃的东西引起的。
【辨析】result
from与result
in
result
from的主语表示结果，from后的宾语表示原因；result
in的主语表示原因，in后的宾语表示结果。试比较以下两句话：
The
traffic
accident
resulted
from
the
driver's
carelessness.那场交通事故是由驾驶员的粗心造成的。
The
driver's
carelessness
resulted
in
the
traffic
accident.驾驶员的粗心导致了交通事故的出现。
六、attach v. 系；绑；贴；固定；连接；附上。常见用法：
1）attach
something.
(to
something.)把……固定，把……附在（……上）。例如：
I
attach
a
copy
of
my
notes
for
your
information.我附上笔记一份供你参考。
Please attach
the cinema
ticket to
the
front
of
the
letter.请把电影票附在信的正面。
2）attach
(great/little)
importance/value/weight
to
(doing)
something.认为……（很/没）有重要性/价值/分量；重视某事。注意词组中的“to”为介词，而非不定式符号“to”。例如：
I
attach
great
importance
to
this
research.我认为这项研究十分重要。
We
should
attach
importance
to
reading
widely.我们应该重视广泛阅读。
3）be
attached
to
s
b./something.依附于……；喜欢/依恋……，附属于。例如：
It's
easy
to
become
attached
to
the
children
you
work
with.你很容易就会喜欢上工作中接触到的孩子。
All
schools
whether
independent
or
attached
to
universities
must
be
inspected.所有的学校，不管是独立的还是附属于大学的，都必须接受检查。