(共46张PPT)
Unit
1
People
of
achievement
Build
up
your
vocabulary
To
practice
the
vocabulary.
To
learn
to
use
non-restrictive
relative
clauses.
To
make
sentences
using
non-restrictive
relative
clauses.
Let’s
know
something
about
malaria
Write
down
the
word
that
matches
each
definition.
Then
find
the
sentences
containing
these
words
in
the
text.
1.
________
cook
something
in
very
hot
water
2.
________
relating
to
plants
3.
________
qualities
or
characteristics
of
something
boil
botanical
property
4.
_________
a
kind
of
substance
that
flows
freely,
such
as
water
or
milk
5.
_________
remove
or
take
out,
often
with
great
effort
6.
_________
physical
material
that
exists
liquid
extract
substance
Guess
the
meaning
of
the
underlined
words.
Then
fill
in
the
blanks
with
words
that
have
the
same
roots.
1.
The
two
flowers
are
quite
distinct
from
one
another,
so
it
is
easy
to
make
a
_________
between
them.
2.
Scientists
need
to
________
how
the
new
material
stands
up
to
wear
and
tear
to
prove
how
valuable
it
is.
distinction
value
3.
A
talented
scientist
well
known
for
his
__________
to
his
country,
Huang
Danian
committed
himself
to
his
research
in
geophysics.
commission
4.
A:
Did
you
come
to
any
conclusions
B:
Yes,
we
__________
that
by
drawing
out
the
extract
at
a
low
temperature,
we
could
find
the
substance
that
we
needed
to
complete
the
experiment.
concluded
5.
She
spends
a
lot
of
time
_________
her
patients'
dreams.
This
analysis
is
very
helpful,
explaining
their
daily
behavior
very
well.
analyzing
Read
the
passage
about
Lu
Xun.
Fill
in
the
blanks
with
the
correct
forms
of
the
words
in
the
box.
Lu
Xun,
____________
as
one
of
the
greatest
modern
writers
in
China,
was
born
in
Shaoxing,
Zhejiang
Province
in
1881.
In
1904,
he
went
to
Japan
and
became
a
medical
student,
with
the
___________
of
improving
people's
health
and
saving
lives.
acknowledged
objective
insist,
obtain,
objective,
acknowledge,
apparently,
crucial
However,
he
changed
his
mind
when
he
saw
in
a
photo
a
Chinese
man
about
to
be
killed
by
a
Japanese
soldier.
It
struck
him
that
the
other
Chinese
men
in
the
photo
_________
did
not
care
about
what
was
happening
to
their
fellow
countrymen.
From
this,
he
concluded
that
the
_________
problem
in
China
was
not
physical
illness,
but
the
spiritual
illness
of
people
at
that
time.
apparently
crucial
insist,
obtain,
objective,
acknowledge,
apparently,
crucial
Following
this,
he
quit
medical
school.
When
he
returned
to
China
in
1908,
he
________
a
teaching
job.
In
1917,
a
friend
________
that
he
help
write
for
a
magazine
called
New
Youth.
That
was
how
his
first
famous
short
story
A
Madman's
Diary
got
published.
obtained
insist,
obtain,
objective,
acknowledge,
apparently,
crucial
insisted
Discuss
how
people
can
achieve
success,
using
words
and
expressions
you
have
learnt
in
this
unit.
Describe
the
pictures,
using
relative
clauses.
The
doctor
who
is
making
a
speech
is
Zhong
Nanshan.
the
doctor
make
a
speech
修饰限制
restrictive
relative
clauses
The
research
which
Tu
Youyou’s
team
has
done
is
great.
the
research
Tu
Youyou’s
team
The
monkey
which
is
teaching
is
very
cute.
the
monkey
teach
I
prefer
the
boy
who
is
imitating
the
famous
painting.
the
boy
imitate
the
famous
painting
The
novel,
which
I
read
last
night,
is
very
interesting.
补充说明
the
novel
last
night
interesting
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
I
admire
Jia
Ling,
who
always
wears
a
big
smile.
admire
wears
a
big
smile
定语从句就其与先行词的关系可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
一、形式不同
限制性定语从句与其先行词关系密切，其间通常不用逗号隔开，非限制性定语从句与其先行词关系不密切，常用逗号隔开。如：
The
number
of
people
who/that
own
cars
is
increasing.
I
spoke
to
Dr.
Smith
just
now,
who
is
always
ready
to
help
others.
二、作用不同
限制性定语从句对先行词进行修饰和限制，如果去掉会造成句意的不完整；
非限制性定语从句对先行词是修饰，补充解释说明或对主句进行评述，去掉不影响。如：
Franklin
was
the
first
man
who
discovered
the
nature
of
electricity.
The
driver,
who
was
very
young,
had
only
just
got
his
license.
三、先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词一般是名词或代词，非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是名词或代词,
也可以是主句的一部分或整个主句。如：
Things
then
improved,
which
surprised
me.
（先行词为整个主句）
四、关系词不同
限制性定语从句可以由that,
why引导，而非限制性定语从句不用；关系词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，在非限制性定语从句中通常不省略。如：
There
were
very
few
passengers
that/who
had
escaped
without
serious
injury.
There
were
very
few
passengers,
who
had
escaped
without
serious
injury.
Have
you
found
the
book
(that/which)
you
want
【拓展】
无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句，只要关系词在从句中作定语，都用whose引导。如：
I
like
the
teacher
whose
classes
are
very
interesting
and
lively.
Edward,
whose
legs
were
badly
hurt,
was
quickly
taken
to
hospital.
关系副词或“介词+
which
/
whom”可引导限制性定语从句，也引导非限制性定语从句。如：
He
was
born
in
the
year
when/in
which
the
war
broke
out.
We
are
going
to
spend
the
Spring
Festival
in
Guangzhou,
where/in
which
my
grandparents
live.
限制性定语从句中的关系代词一般指代一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句中的关系代词既可以指代一个名词或代词，也可以指代主句的部分或全部内容。如：
He
was
late
for
class
again,
which
made
his
teacher
very
angry.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1)
The
foreign
guests,
________
(who
/
that)
were
scientists,
were
warmly
welcomed
at
the
airport.
2)
My
father
bought
me
several
books,
none
of
________
(which
/
that)
I
like
to
read.
3)
Is
there
anyone
in
your
class
________
(which
/
whose)
family
is
in
the
city
4)
Football,
________
(which
/
that)
is
a
very
interesting
game,
is
played
all
over
the
world.
who
which
whose
which
5)
The
students
went
to
the
hospital
to
see
Miss
Zhang,
________
(that
/
whom)
they
respect
greatly.
6)
They
went
to
the
Royal
Theatre,
________
(which
/
where)
they
saw
the
great
show.
7)
The
weather
turned
out
to
be
very
good,
________
(which
/
that)
was
more
than
I
had
expected.
8)
There
are
50
students
in
our
class,
half
of
________
(whom /
who)
are
girls.
whom
where
which
whom
Read
the
following
sentences
and
underline
the
relative
clauses.
Then
name
the
two
types
of
clauses
and
state
their
functions.
1.
They
tested
hundreds
of
Chinese
medical
treatments
that
showed
promise
in
the
fight
against
the
disease.
restrictive
relative
clauses
2.
Tu
Youyou
was
awarded
the
Nobel
Prize,
which
is
considered
one
of
the
highest
international
honors
a
person
can
receive.
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
3.
Tu
Youyou
went
to
Hainan,
where
malaria
was
more
common,
to
study
malaria
patients.
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
4.
Later,
the
medicine
was
tested
on
malaria
patients,
most
of
whom
recovered.
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
Match
the
words
with
correct
meanings.
the
conditions
in
which
you
live
or
affect
a
situation/action/event
etc
someone
who
writes
novels
smooth
movement
of
liquid/gas/electricity;
the
movement
of
goods,
people,
or
information;
to
supply
information
in
the
form
of
picture/graph
/figures;
to
record
information;
to
make
a
plan
flow,
circumstance,
chart,
novelist
circumstance
novelist
flow
chart
Rewrite
the
sentences
using
non-restrictive
relative
clauses.
How
do
the
sentences
flow
differently
The
book
tells
us
about
Alexander
Fleming.
He
discovered
penicillin.
The
book
tells
us
about
Alexander
Fleming,
who
discovered
penicillin.
1.
We
were
very
impressed
by
the
old
man.
He
was
not
willing
to
acknowledge
defeat.
We
were
very
impressed
by
the
old
man,
who
was
not
willing
to
acknowledge
defeat.
2.
Afterwards,
Einstein
had
to
flee
Germany.
Hitler
was
in
power
there.
Afterwards,
Einstein
had
to
flee
Germany,
where
Hitler
was
in
power.
3.
There
is
nothing
we
can
do
to
help
Linda.
Her
circumstances
are
beyond
our
control.
There
is
nothing
we
can
do
to
help
Linda,
whose
circumstances
are
beyond
our
control.
4.
The
teacher
asked
us
to
listen
to
a
speech
by
his
favorite
novelist,
J.K.
Rowling.
It
inspired
us
a
lot.
The
teacher
asked
us
to
listen
to
a
speech
by
his
favorite
novelist,
J.K.
Rowling,
which
inspired
us
a
lot.
5.
The
building
under
construction
was
designed
by
I.M.
Pei—a
famous
Chinese-American
architect.
He
was
born
in
Guangzhou,
China.
The
building
under
construction
was
designed
by
I.M.
Pei—a
famous
Chinese-American
architect,
who
was
born
in
Guangzhou,
China.
6.
I
was
asked
to
explain
the
project
with
the
help
of
a
flow
chart.
It
was
a
big
challenge
for
me.
I
was
asked
to
explain
the
project
with
the
help
of
a
flow
chart,
which
was
a
big
challenge
for
me.
Complete
the
sentences
using
non-restrictive
relative
clauses
to
give
extra
information.
Then
share
them
with
your
group
members.
I’d
like
to
try…,
I'd
like
to
try
that
Chinese
herbal
medicine
again,
which
seems
to
work
best
for
my
cough.
1.
I
would
like
to
travel
around…,
…
2.
What
impressed
me
most…,
…
3.
My
favorite
scientist
is…,…
4.
Finally
we
arrived
at…,
…
5.
My
grandparents
like
going
for
outings
in
spring,
…
6.
I
wish
to
obtain…,
…
7.
My
best
friend…,
…
定义
用作定语的从句
类型
限制性
定语从句
描述主句所涉及的人或物的
具体情况，是主句不可缺少
的一部分；如省去，主句意
义不完整或失去意义。
非限制性
定语从句
对主句所描述的人或物提供
一些附加情况，补充说明
作用；省去，主句意义完整。
关系词
关系代词
that,
which,
who,
whom,
whose,
as等
关系副词
when,
where,
why等
定语从句
关系代词
that
物和人
从句中作主语或宾语
which
物
从句中作主语或宾语
who
人
从句中作主语或宾语
whom
从句中作宾语
whose
人和物
从句中作定语
as
物
从句中作主语
引导定语从句的关系词
关系副词
when
时间
从句中作时间状语
where
地点
从句中作地点状语
why
原因
从句中作原因状语
How
have
weddings
changed
in
recent
years
Li
Qiang:
There
was
a
time
1.
________
weddings
were
very
traditional
in
China,
but
that
changed
in
the
1980s,
2.
________
some
Western-
style
ceremonies
became
popular.
when
when
Jun
Ho:
Here
in
South
Korea,
marriages
were
traditionally
arranged
by
a
matchmaker,
3.
________
responsibility
was
to
find
the
right
partner
for
you.
I
have
lots
of
friends
4.
________
parents
met
that
way,
but
arranged
marriages
aren’t
as
common
nowadays.
whose
whose
Cassidy:
In
America,
there
aren’t
as
many
traditional
ceremonies.
Some
people
go
to
Hawaii,
5.
_______
they
get
married
on
the
beach,
or
there
are
actually
places
in
the
States
6.
________
a
celebrity
lookalike,
like
Elvis,
performs
a
civil
ceremony.
where
where
Review
grammar.
Do
more
exercises
on
vocabulary
and
grammar
in
the
workbook.
Make
7
more
sentences
using
non-restrictive
relative
clauses.
