Unit
6
Nurturing
nature
B卷
真题滚动练
一、阅读理解
A
（2021·浙江）.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If
you
ever
get
the
impression
that
your
dog
can
"tell"
whether
you
look
content
or
annoyed,
you
may
be
onto
something.
Dogs
may
indeed
be
able
to
distinguish
between
happy
and
angry
human
faces,
according
to
a
new
study.
Researchers
trained
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images（图像）of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.
During
the
training
stage,
each
dog
was
shown
only
the
upper
half
or
the
lower
half
of
the
person's
face.
The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs'
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person's
face
or
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.
The
researchers
found
that
the
dogs
were
able
to
pick
the
angry
or
happy
face
by
touching
a
picture
of
it
with
their
noses
more
often
than
one
would
expect
by
random
chance.
The
study
showed
the
animals
had
figured
out
how
to
apply
what
they
learned
about
human
faces
during
training
to
new
faces
in
the
testing
stage.
"We
can
rule
out
that
the
dogs
simply
distinguish
between
the
pictures
based
on
a
simple
cue,
such
as
the
sight
of
teeth,"
said
study
author
Corsin
Muller.
"Instead,
our
results
suggest
that
the
successful
dogs
realized
that
a
smiling
mouth
means
the
same
thing
as
smiling
eyes,
and
the
same
rule
applies
to
an
angry
mouth
having
the
same
meaning
as
angry
eyes.”
"With
our
study,
we
think
we
can
now
confidently
conclude
that
at
least
some
dogs
can
distinguish
human
facial
expressions,"
Muller
told
Live
Science.
At
this
point,
it
is
not
clear
why
dogs
seem
to
be
equipped
with
the
ability
to
recognize
different
facial
expressions
in
humans.
"To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,"
and
this
exposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them,
Muller
said.
30.The
new
study
focused
on
whether
dogs
can_________.
A.distinguish
shapes
B.make
sense
of
human
faces
C.feel
happy
or
angry
D.communicate
with
each
other
31.What
can
we
learn
about
the
study
from
paragraph
2
A.Researchers
tested
the
dogs
in
random
order.
B.Diverse
methods
were
adopted
during
training.
C.Pictures
used
in
the
two
stages
were
different
D.The
dogs
were
photographed
before
the
test.
32.What
is
the
last
paragraph
mainly
about
A.A
suggestion
for
future
studies.
B.A
possible
reason
for
the
study
findings.
C.A
major
limitation
of
the
study
D.An
explanation
of
the
research
method.
B
（2020·新课标Ⅲ）
When
"Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes"
was
first
shown
to
the
public
last
month,
a
group
of
excited
animal
activists
gathered
on
Hollywood
Boulevard.
But
they
weren't
there
to
throw
red
paint
on
fur-coat-wearing
film
stars.
Instead,
one
activist,
dressed
in
a
full-body
monkey
suit,
had
arrived
with
a
sign
praising
the
filmmakers:
"Thanks
for
not
using
real
apes
(猿)!"
The
creative
team
behind
"Apes"
used
motion-capture
(动作捕捉)
technology
to
create
digitalized
animals,
spending
tens
of
millions
of
dollars
on
technology
that
I
records
an
actor's
performance
and
later
processes
it
with
computer
graphics
to
create
a
final
image
(图像).
In
this
case,
one
of
a
realistic-looking
ape.
Yet
"Apes"
is
more
exception
than
the
rule.
In
fact,
Hollywood
has
been
hot
on
live
animals
lately.
One
nonprofit
organization,
which
monitors
the
treatment
or
animals
in
filmed
entertainment,
is
keeping
tabs
on
more
than
2,000
productions
this
year.
Already,
a
number
of
films,
including
"Water
for
Elephants,"
"The
Hangover
Part
Ⅱ"
and
"Zookeeper,"
have
drawn
the
anger
of
activists
who
say
the
creatures
acting
in
them
haven't
been
treated
properly.
In
some
cases,
it's
not
so
much
the
treatment
of
the
animals
on
set
in
the
studio
that
has
activists
worried;
it's
the
off-set
training
and
living
conditions
that
are
raising
concerns.
And
there
are
questions
about
the
films
made
outside
the
States,
which
sometimes
are
not
monitored
as
closely
as
productions
filmed
in
the
Sates.
（1）Why
did
the
animal
activists
gather
on
Hollywood
Boulevard
A.To
see
famous
film
stars.
B.To
oppose
wearing
fur
coats.
C.To
raise
money
for
animal
protection.
D.To
express
thanks
to
some
filmmakers.
（2）What
does
paragraph
2
mainly
talk
about
A.The
cost
of
making
"Apes."
B.The
creation
of
digitalized
apes.
C.The
publicity
about
"Apes."
D.The
performance
of
real
apes.
（3）What
does
the
underlined
phrase
"keeping
tabs
on"
in
paragraph
3
probably
mean
A.Listing
completely.
B.Directing
professionally.
C.Promoting
successfully.
D.Watching
carefully.
（4）What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph
about
animal
actors
A.They
may
be
badly
treated.
B.They
should
take
further
training.
C.They
could
be
traded
illegally
D.They
would
lose
popularity.
C
（2020·新课标Ⅰ）
The
connection
between
people
and
plants
has
long
been
the
subject
of
scientific
research.
Recent
studies
have
found
positive
effects.
A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown,
Ohio,
for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another,
employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.
The
engineers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
(MIT)
have
taken
it
a
step
further
changing
the
actual
composition
of
plants
in
order
to
get
them
to
perform
diverse,
even
unusual
functions.
These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they're
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
"We're
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,"
explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
One
of
his
latest
projects
has
been
to
make
plants
grow
(发光)
in
experiments
using
some
common
vegetables.
Strano's
team
found
that
they
could
create
a
faint
light
for
three-and-a-half
hours.
The
light,
about
one-thousandth
of
the
amount
needed
to
read
by,
is
just
a
start.
The
technology,
Strano
said,
could
one
day
be
used
to
light
the
rooms
or
even
to
turn
tree
into
self-powered
street
lamps.
in
the
future,
the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant's
lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off"
switch"
where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
to
daylight.
Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source
(电源)—such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway-a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission
(传输). Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
（1）What
is
the
first
paragraph
mainly
about
A.A
new
study
of
different
plants.
B.A
big
fall
in
crime
rates.
C.Employees
from
various
workplaces.
D.Benefits
from
green
plants.
（2）What
is
the
function
of
the
sensors
printed
on
plant
leaves
by
MIT
engineer
A.To
detect
plants'
lack
of
water
B.To
change
compositions
of
plants
C.To
make
the
life
of
plants
longer.
D.To
test
chemicals
in
plants.
（3）What
can
we
expect
of
the
glowing
plants
in
the
future
A.They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
B.They
may
transmit
electricity
to
the
home.
C.They
might
help
reduce
energy
consumption.
D.They
could
take
the
place
of
power
plants.
（4）Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.Can
we
grow
more
glowing
plants
B.How
do
we
live
with
glowing
plants
C.Could
glowing
plants
replace
lamps
D.How
are
glowing
plants
made
pollution-free
D
（2020·新课标Ⅱ）
When
you
were
trying
to
figure
out
what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,
fur
probably
didn't
cross
your
mind.
But
some
ecologists
and
fashion
(时装)
enthusiasts
are
trying
to
bring
back
the
market
for
fur
made
from
nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have（showcased）nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
"It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt-free
fur-unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year",
says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.
Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
Some
of
the
fur
ends
up
in
the
fashion
shows
like
the
one
in
Brooklyn
last
month.
Nutria
were
brought
there
from
Argentina
by
fur
farmers
and
let
go
into
the
wild.
"The
ecosystem
down
there
can't
handle
this
non-native
species
(物种)
.It's
destroying
the
environment.
It's
them
or
us."
says
Michael
Massimi,
an
expert
in
this
field.
The
fur
trade
kept
nutria
check
for
decades,
but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s,
the
cat-sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
Biologist
Edmond
Mouton
runs
the
nutria
control
program
for
Louisiana.
He
says
it's
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green,
but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
Hunters
bring
in
more
than
300,000
nutria
tails
a
year,
so
part
of
Mouton's
job
these
days
is
trying
to
promote
fur.
Then
there's
Righteous
Fur
and
its
unusual
fashion.
Morgan
says,"
To
give
people
a
guilt-free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them—1
think
that's
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
here
in
New
York."
Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
to
come
around
to
the
opinion
that
using
nutria
fur
for
her
creations
is
morally
acceptable.
She
trying
to
come
up
with
a
lable
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco-friendly.
（1）What
is
the
purpose
of
the
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
A.To
promote
guilt-free
fur.
B.To
expand
the
fashion
market.
C.To
introduce
a
new
brand.
D.To
celebrate
a
winter
holiday.
（2）Why
are
scientists
concerned
about
nutria
A.Nutria
damage
the
ecosystem
seriously.
B.Nutria
are
an
endangered
species.
C.Nutria
hurt
local
cat-sized
animals.
D.Nutria
are
illegally
hunted.
（3）What
does
the
underlined
word
"collapsed"
in
paragraph
5
probably
mean
A.Boomed.
B.Became
mature.
C.Remained
stable.
D.Crashed.
（4）What
can
we
infer
about
wearing
fur
in
New
York
according
to
Morgan
A.It's
formal.
B.It's
risky.
C.It's
harmful.
D.It's
traditional.
二、任务型阅读
（2019·新课标Ⅰ卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is
Fresh
Air
Really
Good
for
You
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
"go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air."
________ According
to
recent
studies,
the
answer
is
a
big
YES,
if
the
air
quality
in
your
camping
area
is
good.
________ If
the
air
you're
breathing
is
clean-which
it
would
be
if
you're
away
from
the
smog
of
cities-then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving,
energizing
oxygen.
If
you
exercise
out
of
doors,
your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply,
allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles(肌肉)and
your
brain.
Recently,
people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing(治愈).
________ In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
recovery.
It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
blood
pressure,
and
put
people
into
a
better
mood(情绪).Greenery
is
good
for
us.
Hospital
patients
who
see
tree
branches
out
their
window
are
likely
to
recover
at
a
faster
rate
than
patients
who
see
buildings
or
sky
instead.
________ It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace.
________While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
is
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
To
make
sure
you
get
enough
Vitamin
D—but
still
protect
your
skin—
put
on
sunscreen
right
as
you
head
outside.
It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,
and
that's
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to
absorb
a
day's
worth
of
Vitamin
D.
A.
Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
B.
So
what
are
you
waiting
for
C.
Being
in
nature
refreshes
us.
D.
Another
side
benefit
of
getting
fresh
air
is
sunlight.
E.
But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
said
F.
Just
as
importantly,
we
tend
to
associate
air
with
health
care.
G.
All
across
the
country,
recovery
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
三、完形填空
（2020·新高考I）.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Molai
grew
up
in
a
tiny
village
in
India.
The
village
lay
near
some
wetlands
which
became
his
second 1 .
He
learned
the
value
and
beauty
of
2 there
from
a
very
young
age.
When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
3 happening
around
his
home.
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
4 it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
5 ,
the
number
of
snakes
had
declined
as
well.
He
6 that
it
was
because
there
weren't
enough
trees
to
protect
them
from
the
7 .
The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees
so
the
animals
could
seek
8 during
the
daytime.
He
turned
to
the
9 department
for
help
but
was
told
that
nothing
would
grow
there.
However,
Molai
went
looking
on
his
own
and
10 a
nearby
island
where
he
began
to
plant
trees.
11 young
plants
in
the
dry
season
was
12 for
a
lone
boy.
Molai
built
at
the
13 of
each
sapling(幼树)a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to 14 rainwater.
The
water
would
then
drip(滴落)on
the
plants
below.
Molai
15 to
plant
trees
for
the
next
37
years.
His
efforts
have
resulted
in
1,360
acres
of
naturally-grown
land
that
has
become
home
to
many
plants
and
animals.
1.
A.
dream
B.
job
C.
home
D.
choice
2.
A.
nature
B.
youth
C.
culture
D.
knowledge
3.
A.
precious
B.
interesting
C.
disturbing
D.
awkward
4.
A.
waste
B.
tension
C.
pain
D.
damage
5.
A.
Besides
B.
However
C.
Therefore
D.
Otherwise
6.
A.
agreed
B.
realized
C.
remembered
D.
predicted
7.
A.
noise
B.
heat
C.
disease
D.
dust
8.
A.
directions
B.
partners
C.
help
D.
shelter
9.
A.
labor
B.
police
C.
forest
D.
finance
10.
A.
rebuilt
B.
discovered
C.
left
D.
managed
11.
A.
Decorating
B.
Observing
C.
Watering
D.
Guarding
12.
A.
tough
B.
illegal
C.
fantastic
D.
beneficial
13.
A.
back
B.
top
C.
foot
D.
side
14.
A.
cool
down
B.
keep
off
C.
purify
D.
collect
15.
A.
returned
B.
learned
C.
failed
D.
continued
四、改错题
（2019高三下·安徽开学考）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
To
increase
the
aware
of
protecting
the
environment,
last
Saturday
we,
some
volunteers,
carried
out
environmental
protection
activity
in
the
Civil
Square.
In
the
morning,
we
have
gathered
at
the
school
gate
at
7：00.
Then
we
walked
to
the
square,
when
we
were
divided
into
several
groups.
Some
collected
the
rubbishes
on
the
square,
some
cleared
the
old
posters
off
the
walls,
and
another
swept
the
ground.
The
duty
of
my
group
is
to
deliver
environmental
protection
brochures
and
introduces
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.
Time
passed
quickly.
It
was
getting
late
after
we
knew
it
and
the
square
looked
more
beautifully.
Tiring
as
I
was,
I
was
very
happy
because
we
did
do
something
to
protect
the
environment.
五、语法填空
（2021·全国乙）.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism
is
commonly
regarded
as
low
impact
(影响)travel
to
undisturbed
places.
It
is
different
from
traditional
tourism
because
it
allows
the
traveler
to
become
39 (educate)
about
the
areas
-
both
in
terms
of
geographical
conditions
and
cultural
characteristics,
and
often
provides
money
for
conservation
and
benefits
the
40 (develop)
of
the
local
areas.
Ecotourism
has
41 (it)
origin
with
the
environmental
movement
of
1970s.
It
was
not
widely
accepted
as
a
travel
concept
42 the
late
1980s.
During
that
time,
increasing
environmental
awareness
made
it
desirable.
Due
to
43 growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types
44 trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
Actually,
a
true
eco-friendly
trip
must
meet
the
following
principles:
●
Minimize
the
impact
of
45 (visit)
the
place.
●
Build
respect
for
and
awareness
of
the
environment
and
cultural
practices.
●
Provide
46 (finance)
aid
and
other
benefits
for
local
peoples.
●
Make
sure
that
the
tourism
provides
positive
experiences
for
both
the
visitors
and
the
hosts.
Komodo
National
Park,
officially
recognized
in,
is
popular
for
ecotourism
because
of
its
unique
biodiversity.
47 (activity)
there
range
from
whale
watching
to
hiking
(远足)
and
accommodations
aim
48 (have)
a
low
impact
on
the
natural
environment.
六、书面表达
1.假定你是李华，你们学校将举办以“Protect
Wild
Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。
1）野生动物的现状（过度猎捕）；
2）保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）；
3）美好愿景。
注意：1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature
reserve
意识awareness
Good
morning,
everyone!
I'm
very
glad
to
give
a
speech
today.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
_____________________________________.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank
you!
2.假定你是学校动物保护协会志愿者李华，你校留学生Mike对动物保护工作很热心，来信咨询你们协会的日常工作内容和报名条件。请你写一封回信，内容包括：
1）工作内容：进社区宣传；照顾流浪动物等；
2）志愿者要求：有爱心，时间灵活；
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3）参考词汇：动物保护协会Animal
Protection
Association;
流浪动物stray
animals
Dear
Mike,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
HuaUnit
6
Nurturing
nature
B卷
真题滚动练
一、阅读理解
A
（2021·浙江）.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If
you
ever
get
the
impression
that
your
dog
can
"tell"
whether
you
look
content
or
annoyed,
you
may
be
onto
something.
Dogs
may
indeed
be
able
to
distinguish
between
happy
and
angry
human
faces,
according
to
a
new
study.
Researchers
trained
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images（图像）of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.
During
the
training
stage,
each
dog
was
shown
only
the
upper
half
or
the
lower
half
of
the
person's
face.
The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs'
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person's
face
or
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.
The
researchers
found
that
the
dogs
were
able
to
pick
the
angry
or
happy
face
by
touching
a
picture
of
it
with
their
noses
more
often
than
one
would
expect
by
random
chance.
The
study
showed
the
animals
had
figured
out
how
to
apply
what
they
learned
about
human
faces
during
training
to
new
faces
in
the
testing
stage.
"We
can
rule
out
that
the
dogs
simply
distinguish
between
the
pictures
based
on
a
simple
cue,
such
as
the
sight
of
teeth,"
said
study
author
Corsin
Muller.
"Instead,
our
results
suggest
that
the
successful
dogs
realized
that
a
smiling
mouth
means
the
same
thing
as
smiling
eyes,
and
the
same
rule
applies
to
an
angry
mouth
having
the
same
meaning
as
angry
eyes.”
"With
our
study,
we
think
we
can
now
confidently
conclude
that
at
least
some
dogs
can
distinguish
human
facial
expressions,"
Muller
told
Live
Science.
At
this
point,
it
is
not
clear
why
dogs
seem
to
be
equipped
with
the
ability
to
recognize
different
facial
expressions
in
humans.
"To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,"
and
this
exposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them,
Muller
said.
30.The
new
study
focused
on
whether
dogs
can_________.
A.distinguish
shapes
B.make
sense
of
human
faces
C.feel
happy
or
angry
D.communicate
with
each
other
31.What
can
we
learn
about
the
study
from
paragraph
2
A.Researchers
tested
the
dogs
in
random
order.
B.Diverse
methods
were
adopted
during
training.
C.Pictures
used
in
the
two
stages
were
different
D.The
dogs
were
photographed
before
the
test.
32.What
is
the
last
paragraph
mainly
about
A.A
suggestion
for
future
studies.
B.A
possible
reason
for
the
study
findings.
C.A
major
limitation
of
the
study
D.An
explanation
of
the
research
method.
【答案】
30B
31C
32B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，一项研究表明狗能够识别人类的面部表情，但目前还不清楚它们为什么有这种能力，可能的原因是它们长时间与人类共同生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和段落大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
30.考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Dogs
may
indeed
be
able
to
distinguish
between
happy
and
angry
human
faces,
according
to
a
new
study.”根据一项新的研究，狗可能真的能够分辨人类的快乐和愤怒；以及第二段中的“Researchers
trained
a
group
of
11
dogs
to
distinguish
between
images
(图像)
of
the
same
person
making
either
a
happy
or
an
angry
face.”研究人员训练了十一只狗来区分同一个人做出快乐或愤怒表情的图像。可知，这项研究着重于狗是否能理解人脸上的表情，故选B。
31.考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The
researchers
then
tested
the
dogs'
ability
to
distinguish
between
human
facial
expressions
by
showing
them
the
other
half
of
the
person's
face
or
images
totally
different
from
the
ones
used
in
training.
”研究人员之后通过展示给他们这个人的另一半面部或者图像完全不同于训练中的面部或者图像，测试狗辨别人类面部表情的能力。可知，研究人员使用与之前不同的图片来测试狗，故选C。
32.考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“To
us,
the
most
likely
explanation
appears
to
be
that
the
basis
lies
in
their
living
with
humans,
which
gives
them
a
lot
of
exposure
to
human
facial
expressions,’
and
this
exsposure
has
provided
them
with
many
chances
to
learn
to
distinguish
between
them,
Muller
said.”可知，该段主要讲了狗能区分人类表情的一个最可能的解释，故选B。
B
（2020·新课标Ⅲ）
When
"Rise
of
the
Planet
of
the
Apes"
was
first
shown
to
the
public
last
month,
a
group
of
excited
animal
activists
gathered
on
Hollywood
Boulevard.
But
they
weren't
there
to
throw
red
paint
on
fur-coat-wearing
film
stars.
Instead,
one
activist,
dressed
in
a
full-body
monkey
suit,
had
arrived
with
a
sign
praising
the
filmmakers:
"Thanks
for
not
using
real
apes
(猿)!"
The
creative
team
behind
"Apes"
used
motion-capture
(动作捕捉)
technology
to
create
digitalized
animals,
spending
tens
of
millions
of
dollars
on
technology
that
I
records
an
actor's
performance
and
later
processes
it
with
computer
graphics
to
create
a
final
image
(图像).
In
this
case,
one
of
a
realistic-looking
ape.
Yet
"Apes"
is
more
exception
than
the
rule.
In
fact,
Hollywood
has
been
hot
on
live
animals
lately.
One
nonprofit
organization,
which
monitors
the
treatment
or
animals
in
filmed
entertainment,
is
keeping
tabs
on
more
than
2,000
productions
this
year.
Already,
a
number
of
films,
including
"Water
for
Elephants,"
"The
Hangover
Part
Ⅱ"
and
"Zookeeper,"
have
drawn
the
anger
of
activists
who
say
the
creatures
acting
in
them
haven't
been
treated
properly.
In
some
cases,
it's
not
so
much
the
treatment
of
the
animals
on
set
in
the
studio
that
has
activists
worried;
it's
the
off-set
training
and
living
conditions
that
are
raising
concerns.
And
there
are
questions
about
the
films
made
outside
the
States,
which
sometimes
are
not
monitored
as
closely
as
productions
filmed
in
the
Sates.
（1）Why
did
the
animal
activists
gather
on
Hollywood
Boulevard
A.To
see
famous
film
stars.
B.To
oppose
wearing
fur
coats.
C.To
raise
money
for
animal
protection.
D.To
express
thanks
to
some
filmmakers.
（2）What
does
paragraph
2
mainly
talk
about
A.The
cost
of
making
"Apes."
B.The
creation
of
digitalized
apes.
C.The
publicity
about
"Apes."
D.The
performance
of
real
apes.
（3）What
does
the
underlined
phrase
"keeping
tabs
on"
in
paragraph
3
probably
mean
A.Listing
completely.
B.Directing
professionally.
C.Promoting
successfully.
D.Watching
carefully.
（4）What
can
we
infer
from
the
last
paragraph
about
animal
actors
A.They
may
be
badly
treated.
B.They
should
take
further
training.
C.They
could
be
traded
illegally
D.They
would
lose
popularity.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Instead,
one
activist
,dressed
in
a
full
-body
monkey
suit
,had
arrived
with
a
sign
praising
the
filmmakers:‘Thanks
for
not
using
real
apes！’”相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴！”所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D。
（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“The
creative
team
behind‘Apes’
used
motion-capture
(动作捕捉)
technology
to
create
digitalized
animals,
spending
tens
of
millions
of
dollars
on
technology
that
I
records
an
actor’s
performance
and
later
processes
it
with
computer
graphics
to
create
a
final
image
(图像).
”“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“One
nonprofit
organization,
which
monitors
the
treatment
or
animals
in
filmed
entertainment”一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇；以及“Already,
a
number
of
films,
including
‘Water
for
Elephants,’‘The
Hangover
Part
Ⅱ’
and
‘Zookeeper,’
have
drawn
the
anger
of
activists
who
say
the
creatures
acting
in
them
haven’t
been
treated
properly.”许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。可推断，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段“In
some
cases,
it’s
not
so
much
the
treatment
of
the
animals
on
set
in
the
studio
that
has
activists
worried;
it’s
the
off-set
training
and
living
conditions
that
are
raising
concerns.
And
there
are
questions
about
the
films
made
outside
the
States,
which
sometimes
are
not
monitored
as
closely
as
productions
filmed
in
the
Sates.”在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
C
（2020·新课标Ⅰ）
The
connection
between
people
and
plants
has
long
been
the
subject
of
scientific
research.
Recent
studies
have
found
positive
effects.
A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown,
Ohio,
for
example,
discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another,
employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.
The
engineers
at
the
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology
(MIT)
have
taken
it
a
step
further
changing
the
actual
composition
of
plants
in
order
to
get
them
to
perform
diverse,
even
unusual
functions.
These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
onto
their
leaves
to
show
when
they're
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.
"We're
thinking
about
how
we
can
engineer
plants
to
replace
functions
of
the
things
that
we
use
every
day,"
explained
Michael
Strano,
a
professor
of
chemical
engineering
at
MIT.
One
of
his
latest
projects
has
been
to
make
plants
grow
(发光)
in
experiments
using
some
common
vegetables.
Strano's
team
found
that
they
could
create
a
faint
light
for
three-and-a-half
hours.
The
light,
about
one-thousandth
of
the
amount
needed
to
read
by,
is
just
a
start.
The
technology,
Strano
said,
could
one
day
be
used
to
light
the
rooms
or
even
to
turn
tree
into
self-powered
street
lamps.
in
the
future,
the
team
hopes
to
develop
a
version
of
the
technology
that
can
be
sprayed
onto
plant
leaves
in
a
one-off
treatment
that
would
last
the
plant's
lifetime.
The
engineers
are
also
trying
to
develop
an
on
and
off"
switch"
where
the
glow
would
fade
when
exposed
to
daylight.
Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source
(电源)—such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway-a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission
(传输). Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.
（1）What
is
the
first
paragraph
mainly
about
A.A
new
study
of
different
plants.
B.A
big
fall
in
crime
rates.
C.Employees
from
various
workplaces.
D.Benefits
from
green
plants.
（2）What
is
the
function
of
the
sensors
printed
on
plant
leaves
by
MIT
engineer
A.To
detect
plants'
lack
of
water
B.To
change
compositions
of
plants
C.To
make
the
life
of
plants
longer.
D.To
test
chemicals
in
plants.
（3）What
can
we
expect
of
the
glowing
plants
in
the
future
A.They
will
speed
up
energy
production.
B.They
may
transmit
electricity
to
the
home.
C.They
might
help
reduce
energy
consumption.
D.They
could
take
the
place
of
power
plants.
（4）Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.Can
we
grow
more
glowing
plants
B.How
do
we
live
with
glowing
plants
C.Could
glowing
plants
replace
lamps
D.How
are
glowing
plants
made
pollution-free
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。
（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“A
study
conducted
in
Youngstown,
Ohio,
for
example
,discovered
that
greener
areas
of
the
city
experienced
less
crime.
In
another,
employees
were
shown
to
be
15%
more
productive
when
their
workplaces
were
decorated
with
houseplants.”例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“These
include
plants
that
have
sensors
printed
on
their
leaves
to
show
when
they're
short
of
water
and
a
plant
that
can
detect
harmful
chemicals
in
groundwater.”这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质。可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.”发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“ Lighting
accounts
for
about
7%
of
the
total
electricity
consumed
in
the
US.
Since
lighting
is
often
far
removed
from
the
power
source
(电源)—such
as
the
distance
from
a
power
plant
to
street
lamps
on
a
remote
highway-a
lot
of
energy
is
lost
during
transmission
(传输).
Glowing
plants
could
reduce
this
distance
and
therefore
help
save
energy.”照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。由此可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
D
（2020·新课标Ⅱ）
When
you
were
trying
to
figure
out
what
to
buy
for
the
environmentalist
on
your
holiday
list,
fur
probably
didn't
cross
your
mind.
But
some
ecologists
and
fashion
(时装)
enthusiasts
are
trying
to
bring
back
the
market
for
fur
made
from
nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have（showcased）nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
"It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt-free
fur-unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year",
says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.
Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.
Some
of
the
fur
ends
up
in
the
fashion
shows
like
the
one
in
Brooklyn
last
month.
Nutria
were
brought
there
from
Argentina
by
fur
farmers
and
let
go
into
the
wild.
"The
ecosystem
down
there
can't
handle
this
non-native
species
(物种)
.It's
destroying
the
environment.
It's
them
or
us."
says
Michael
Massimi,
an
expert
in
this
field.
The
fur
trade
kept
nutria
check
for
decades,
but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s,
the
cat-sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
Biologist
Edmond
Mouton
runs
the
nutria
control
program
for
Louisiana.
He
says
it's
not
easy
to
convince
people
that
nutria
fur
is
green,
but
he
has
no
doubt
about
it.
Hunters
bring
in
more
than
300,000
nutria
tails
a
year,
so
part
of
Mouton's
job
these
days
is
trying
to
promote
fur.
Then
there's
Righteous
Fur
and
its
unusual
fashion.
Morgan
says,"
To
give
people
a
guilt-free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them—1
think
that's
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
here
in
New
York."
Designer
Jennifer
Anderson
admits
it
took
her
a
while
to
come
around
to
the
opinion
that
using
nutria
fur
for
her
creations
is
morally
acceptable.
She
trying
to
come
up
with
a
lable
to
attach
to
nutria
fashions
to
show
it
is
eco-friendly.
（1）What
is
the
purpose
of
the
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
A.To
promote
guilt-free
fur.
B.To
expand
the
fashion
market.
C.To
introduce
a
new
brand.
D.To
celebrate
a
winter
holiday.
（2）Why
are
scientists
concerned
about
nutria
A.Nutria
damage
the
ecosystem
seriously.
B.Nutria
are
an
endangered
species.
C.Nutria
hurt
local
cat-sized
animals.
D.Nutria
are
illegally
hunted.
（3）What
does
the
underlined
word
"collapsed"
in
paragraph
5
probably
mean
A.Boomed.
B.Became
mature.
C.Remained
stable.
D.Crashed.
（4）What
can
we
infer
about
wearing
fur
in
New
York
according
to
Morgan
A.It's
formal.
B.It's
risky.
C.It's
harmful.
D.It's
traditional.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国新奥良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀。展出海狸鼠制成的皮衣。海狸鼠们每年都在破坏大片的湿地，因此设计师称这是一种环保的举措，科学家们也对海狸鼠损坏生态平衡表示了担忧。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段“Unusual
fashion
shows
in
New
Orleans
and
Brooklyn
have
showcased
nutria
fur
made
into
clothes
in
different
styles.
“It
sounds
crazy
to
talk
about
guilt-free
fur-unless
you
understand
that
the
nutria
are
destroying
vast
wetlands
every
year,”says
Cree
McCree,
project
director
of
Righteous
Fur.”美国新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办了不同寻常的时装秀，时装秀上展出海狸鼠皮制成的不同风格的衣服，项目总监Cree
McCree说：“除非了解海狸鼠正每年破坏大片湿地，否则谈论无罪感皮衣是很疯狂的事情”，可以判断出由于海狸鼠对生态造成了巨大的破坏，这场海狸鼠皮衣时装秀销售的是无罪恶感皮衣。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Scientists
in
Louisiana
were
so
concerned
that
they
decided
to
pay
hunters
$5
a
tail.”科学家们如此担心以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴付给猎人们5美元，可以推断出科学家们担忧海狸鼠们严重破坏生态平衡。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段”The
fur
trade
kept
nutria
in
check
for
decades,
but
when
the
market
for
nutria
collapsed
in
the
late
1980s,the
cat-sized
animals
multiplied
like
crazy.
”毛皮贸易使海狸鼠受到了几十年的控制，但是当海狸鼠市场在20世纪80年代末崩溃时，这种猫大小的动物数量疯长，根据but判断，这是转折关系，以前由于皮毛交易，海狸鼠处于控制，现在这种海狸鼠之所以能够数量激增，是由于市场不再销售海狸鼠皮毛导致的，可以推断出划线词collapsed
是和D.crashed倒闭的意思最相近。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Model
Paige
Morgan
says,
‘To
give
people
a
guilt
–free
option
that
they
can
wear
without
someone
throwing
paint
on
them-I
think
that’s
going
to
be
a
massive
thing,
at
least
in
New
York.
’”
为了给人们一种无罪的选择，人们可以穿皮衣而不被人们泼油漆，我认为在纽约将是一件巨大的事情，根据模特摩根所说，在纽约穿皮质衣服是有风险的。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
二、任务型阅读
（2019·新课标Ⅰ卷）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is
Fresh
Air
Really
Good
for
You
We
all
grew
up
hearing
people
tell
us
to
"go
out
and
get
some
fresh
air."
________ According
to
recent
studies,
the
answer
is
a
big
YES,
if
the
air
quality
in
your
camping
area
is
good.
________ If
the
air
you're
breathing
is
clean-which
it
would
be
if
you're
away
from
the
smog
of
cities-then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving,
energizing
oxygen.
If
you
exercise
out
of
doors,
your
body
will
learn
to
breathe
more
deeply,
allowing
even
more
oxygen
to
get
to
your
muscles(肌肉)and
your
brain.
Recently,
people
have
begun
studying
the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing(治愈).
________ In
these
places
patients
can
go
to
be
near
nature
during
their
recovery.
It
turns
out
that
just
looking
at
green,
growing
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
blood
pressure,
and
put
people
into
a
better
mood(情绪).Greenery
is
good
for
us.
Hospital
patients
who
see
tree
branches
out
their
window
are
likely
to
recover
at
a
faster
rate
than
patients
who
see
buildings
or
sky
instead.
________ It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace.
________While
the
sun's
rays
can
age
and
harm
our
skin,
they
also
give
is
beneficial
Vitamin
D.
To
make
sure
you
get
enough
Vitamin
D—but
still
protect
your
skin—
put
on
sunscreen
right
as
you
head
outside.
It
takes
sunscreen
about
fifteen
minutes
to
start
working,
and
that's
plenty
of
time
for
your
skin
to
absorb
a
day's
worth
of
Vitamin
D.
A.
Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
B.
So
what
are
you
waiting
for
C.
Being
in
nature
refreshes
us.
D.
Another
side
benefit
of
getting
fresh
air
is
sunlight.
E.
But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
said
F.
Just
as
importantly,
we
tend
to
associate
air
with
health
care.
G.
All
across
the
country,
recovery
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
【答案】
E；A；G；C；D
【解析】这是一篇议论文，谈论在没有污染的环境中，新鲜空气对人体有好处，能加快病人的康复。
A.
Fresh
air
cleans
our
lungs.
新鲜的空气清洁我们的肺。
B.
So
what
are
you
waiting
for
所以你在等待什么？
C.
Being
in
nature
refreshes
us.
待在自然中可以让我们恢复精力。
D.
Another
side
benefit
of
getting
fresh
air
is
sunlight.
得到新鲜空气的另一个好处是阳光。
E.
But
is
fresh
air
really
as
good
for
you
as
your
mother
always
said
但是新鲜的空气真的正如你妈妈经常说的那样对你有好处吗？
F.
Just
as
importantly,
we
tend
to
associate
air
with
health
care.
同样重要的是，我们倾向于将空气与医疗保健联系起来。
G.
All
across
the
country,
recovery
centers
have
begun
building
Healing
Gardens.
全国各地的康复中心都开始建造康复花园。
（1）段中句，看前后。根据后一句the
answer
is
a
big
YES可知此处是一般疑问句，故答案为E。
（2）段首句，看下文。根据后一句If
the
air
you're
breathing
is
clean-which
it
would
be
if
you're
away
from
the
smog
of
cities-then
the
air
is
filled
with
life-giving，energizing
oxygen可知干净的空气富含提神的氧气，这是在解释新鲜空气能清洁我们的肺的原因。故答案为A。
（3）段中句，看前后。根据前文的the
connection
between
the
natural
world
and
healing和下文的these
places…near
nature
during
their
recovery可知此处涉及康复中心这个关键词，故答案为G。
（4）段中句。前文中的tree
branches与nature对应，后一句It
gives
us
a
great
feeling
of
peace，指在自然中的好处，故答案为C。
（5）段首句，看下文。根据后一句中的the
sun's
rays可知本段涉及太阳光。故答案为D。
【点评】本题考查对文章的逻辑关系的把握，答题时紧扣上下文的关键词寻找关联信息。
三、完形填空
（2020·新高考I）.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Molai
grew
up
in
a
tiny
village
in
India.
The
village
lay
near
some
wetlands
which
became
his
second 1 .
He
learned
the
value
and
beauty
of
2 there
from
a
very
young
age.
When
he
was
16,
Molai
began
to
notice
something
3 happening
around
his
home.
A
flood
had
hit
the
area
earlier
that
year
and
the
4 it
caused
had
driven
away
a
number
of
birds.
5 ,
the
number
of
snakes
had
declined
as
well.
He
6 that
it
was
because
there
weren't
enough
trees
to
protect
them
from
the
7 .
The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees
so
the
animals
could
seek
8 during
the
daytime.
He
turned
to
the
9 department
for
help
but
was
told
that
nothing
would
grow
there.
However,
Molai
went
looking
on
his
own
and
10 a
nearby
island
where
he
began
to
plant
trees.
11 young
plants
in
the
dry
season
was
12 for
a
lone
boy.
Molai
built
at
the
13 of
each
sapling(幼树)a
bamboo
platform,
where
he
placed
earthen
pots
with
small
holes
to 14 rainwater.
The
water
would
then
drip(滴落)on
the
plants
below.
Molai
15 to
plant
trees
for
the
next
37
years.
His
efforts
have
resulted
in
1,360
acres
of
naturally-grown
land
that
has
become
home
to
many
plants
and
animals.
1.
A.
dream
B.
job
C.
home
D.
choice
2.
A.
nature
B.
youth
C.
culture
D.
knowledge
3.
A.
precious
B.
interesting
C.
disturbing
D.
awkward
4.
A.
waste
B.
tension
C.
pain
D.
damage
5.
A.
Besides
B.
However
C.
Therefore
D.
Otherwise
6.
A.
agreed
B.
realized
C.
remembered
D.
predicted
7.
A.
noise
B.
heat
C.
disease
D.
dust
8.
A.
directions
B.
partners
C.
help
D.
shelter
9.
A.
labor
B.
police
C.
forest
D.
finance
10.
A.
rebuilt
B.
discovered
C.
left
D.
managed
11.
A.
Decorating
B.
Observing
C.
Watering
D.
Guarding
12.
A.
tough
B.
illegal
C.
fantastic
D.
beneficial
13.
A.
back
B.
top
C.
foot
D.
side
14.
A.
cool
down
B.
keep
off
C.
purify
D.
collect
15.
A.
returned
B.
learned
C.
failed
D.
continued
【答案】
（1）C；（2）A；（3）C；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）B；（14）D；（15）D；
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。
（1）考查名词。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A.
dream“梦想”；B.
job“工作”；C.
home“家”；D.
choice“选择”。根据上文可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些湿地成为了他的第二个家。故选C。
（2）考查名词。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.
nature“自然”；B.
youth“青春，年轻”；C.
culture“文化”；D.
knowledge“知识”。湿地展现了大自然的价值和美。故选A。
（3）考查形容词。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.
precious“宝贵的”；B.
interesting“有趣的”；C.
disturbing“令人不安的，引起烦恼的”；D.
awkward“尴尬的，笨拙的”。根据下文，洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。
（4）考查名词。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.
waste“废物”；B.
tension“紧张”；C.
pain“疼痛，痛苦”；D.
damage“损害，伤害”。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会损害庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。
（5）考查副词。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A.
Besides“此外，另外”；B.
However“但是”；C.
Therefore“因此”；D.
Otherwise“否则”。根据as
well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。
（6）考查动词。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.
agreed“同意”；B.
realized“意识到”；C.
remembered“记住，记起”；D.
predicted“预测”。Molai意识到鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。
（7）考查名词。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.
noise“噪音”；B.
heat“热”；C.
disease“疾病”；D.
dust“尘土”。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。
（8）考查名词。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.
directions“方向”；B.
partners“伙伴，合作伙伴”；C.
help“帮助”；D.
shelter“遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物”。树木可以给动物们提供遮蔽。故选D。
（9）考查名词。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A.
labor“劳动”；B.
police“警察”；C.
forest“森林”；D.
finance“财政，金融”。根据上文的“The
solution,
of
course,
was
to
plant
trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向森林部门求助。故选C。
（10）考查动词。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A.
rebuilt“重建”；B.
discovered“发现”；C.
left“离开”；D.
managed“设法做成”。根据上文”looking
on
his
own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他发现了一个小岛。故选B。
（11）考查动词。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.
Decorating“装饰”；B.
Observing“观察到”；C.
Watering“浇水”；D.
Guarding“守卫”。根据下文Molai想尽办法收集水的努力；再根据“the
dry
season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。
（12）考查形容词。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.
tough“困难的”；B.
illegal“非法的”；C.
fantastic“极好的”；D.
beneficial“有益的”。根据下文可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很难。故选A。
（13）考查名词。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.
back“背部”；B.
top“顶端”；C.
foot“脚”；D.
side“一边，一侧”。根据下文“The
water
would
then
drip
on
the
plants
below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的顶端。故选B。
（14）考查动词(短语)。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.
cool
down“冷却下来”；B.
keep
off“与……保持距离”；C.
purify“净化，使纯净”；D.
collect“收集”。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上收集雨水。故选D。
（15）考查动词。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A.
returned“返回”；B.
learned“学会”；C.
failed“失败”；D.
continued“继续”。根据下文可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。推知，在接下来的37年里，他继续种树。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
四、改错题
（2019高三下·安徽开学考）.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
To
increase
the
aware
of
protecting
the
environment,
last
Saturday
we,
some
volunteers,
carried
out
environmental
protection
activity
in
the
Civil
Square.
In
the
morning,
we
have
gathered
at
the
school
gate
at
7：00.
Then
we
walked
to
the
square,
when
we
were
divided
into
several
groups.
Some
collected
the
rubbishes
on
the
square,
some
cleared
the
old
posters
off
the
walls,
and
another
swept
the
ground.
The
duty
of
my
group
is
to
deliver
environmental
protection
brochures
and
introduces
the
importance
of
environmental
protection.
Time
passed
quickly.
It
was
getting
late
after
we
knew
it
and
the
square
looked
more
beautifully.
Tiring
as
I
was,
I
was
very
happy
because
we
did
do
something
to
protect
the
environment.
【答案】
①aware→awareness
②out后面加an
③去掉have
④when→where
⑤rubbishes→rubbish
⑥another→others
⑦introduces→introduce
⑧after→before
⑨beautifully→beautiful
⑩Tiring→Tired
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，上周日，为了开展环境保护活动，作者和一些志愿者一起去广场捡垃圾。
①考查名词。前面有the，用名词作宾语，所以aware改为awareness。
②考查冠词。泛指一次，所以用不定冠词，environmental是以元音开头的，所以用an，所以out后面加an。
③考查时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，所以去掉have。
④考查定语从句。先行词为地点名词，在定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导，所以when改为where。
⑤考查名词。rubbish为不可数名词，无复数，所以rubbishes改为rubbish。
⑥考查代词。another"另一个"；others其他人，和some构成搭配，some…others一些…还有一些，所以another改为others。
⑦考查非谓语动词。和前面的deliver一样放在to后面，用动词原形，所以introduces改为introduce。
⑧考查连词。表示"
在…之前"，用连词before，所以after改为before。
⑨考查形容词。作表语，用形容词，所以beautifully改为beautiful。
⑩考查形容词。tiring"令人疲惫的"；tired指人"疲惫的"，v+ed修饰人，而v+ing修饰物，所以Tiring改为Tired。
【点评】本题考点涉及名词，冠词，时态，定语从句，名词，代词，非谓语动词，连词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
五、语法填空
（2021·全国乙）.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism
is
commonly
regarded
as
low
impact
(影响)travel
to
undisturbed
places.
It
is
different
from
traditional
tourism
because
it
allows
the
traveler
to
become
39 (educate)
about
the
areas
-
both
in
terms
of
geographical
conditions
and
cultural
characteristics,
and
often
provides
money
for
conservation
and
benefits
the
40 (develop)
of
the
local
areas.
Ecotourism
has
41 (it)
origin
with
the
environmental
movement
of
1970s.
It
was
not
widely
accepted
as
a
travel
concept
42 the
late
1980s.
During
that
time,
increasing
environmental
awareness
made
it
desirable.
Due
to
43 growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types
44 trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
Actually,
a
true
eco-friendly
trip
must
meet
the
following
principles:
●
Minimize
the
impact
of
45 (visit)
the
place.
●
Build
respect
for
and
awareness
of
the
environment
and
cultural
practices.
●
Provide
46 (finance)
aid
and
other
benefits
for
local
peoples.
●
Make
sure
that
the
tourism
provides
positive
experiences
for
both
the
visitors
and
the
hosts.
Komodo
National
Park,
officially
recognized
in,
is
popular
for
ecotourism
because
of
its
unique
biodiversity.
47 (activity)
there
range
from
whale
watching
to
hiking
(远足)
and
accommodations
aim
48 (have)
a
low
impact
on
the
natural
environment.
【答案】
educated；development；its；until；the；of；visiting；financial；Activities；to
have
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了生态旅游的相关知识，包括起源，要求，类型以及目的等等。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，代词，连词，冠词，介词，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
39.句意：它不同于传统的旅游，因为它可以让旅行者接受有关地区的教育——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并经常为保护提供资金，有利于当地的发展。
educate，动词，教育，此处过去分词作表语，故填educated。
40.句意：它不同于传统的旅游，因为它可以让旅行者接受有关地区的教育——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并经常为保护提供资金，有利于当地的发展。develop，发展，动词，此处作benefit的宾语，用名词，development“发展”，不可数名词，故填development。
41.句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。it，它，人称代词，此空作定语修饰名词origin，用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
42.句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才被广泛接受为一种旅行的概念。not
...until...固定短语，“直到......才.......”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
43.句意：由于与环境相关的冒险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。此处是特指，用定冠词，故填the。
44.句意：由于与环境相关的冒险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types of固定短语，“各种各样类型的.......”，故填of。
45.句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。visit，参观，动词，介词后接动名词作宾语，故填visiting。
46.句意：为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。finance，资金，名词，此处形容词修饰名词aid，作定语，故填financial。
47.句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行住宿的目的是对自然环境有低的影响。activity，活动，可数名词，此处名词作主语，根据谓语动词range，可知应用复数名词，位于句首首字母大写，故填Activities。
48.句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行住宿的目的是对自然环境有低的影响。have，有，动词，aim
to
do，固定短语，“目的是......”，故填to
have
。
六、书面表达
1.假定你是李华，你们学校将举办以“Protect
Wild
Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。
1）野生动物的现状（过度猎捕）；
2）保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）；
3）美好愿景。
注意：1）词数80左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature
reserve
意识awareness
Good
morning,
everyone!
I'm
very
glad
to
give
a
speech
today.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
_____________________________________.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank
you!
【参考范文】
Good
morning,
everyone!
I'm
very
glad
to
give
a
speech
today.
The
topic
of
my
speech
is
Protect
Wild
Animals.
As
we
all
know,
animals
also
play
a
part
in
keeping
the
balance
of
nature.
Unfortunately
they
are
being
over–hunted,
and
some
of
them
are
dying
out.
So
it
is
urgent
to
take
some
measures
to
protect
them.
First,
we
must
build
nature
reserves.
Second,
we
should
raise
our
awareness
of
environmental
protection.
To
harm
animals
is
to
harm
ourselves.
Therefore,
let's
take
the
responsibility
and
do
what
we
can
to
protect
them.
I
hope
in
the
future
we
can
live
harmoniously
and
happily
together
with
animals.
Thank
you!
【解析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份写一篇英语演讲稿。写作背景：你们学校将举办以“Protect
Wild
Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）野生动物的现状（过度猎捕）；2）保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）；3）美好愿景。考生需要认真阅读所给提示，根据所给出要点，充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：
As
we
all
know,
animals
also
play
a
part
in
keeping
the
balance
of
nature.运用了非限制性定语从句；Unfortunately
they
are
being
over–hunted,
and
some
of
them
are
dying
out.
运用了并列句；So
it
is
urgent
to
take
some
measures
to
protect
them.
运用了it作形式主语；Therefore,
let's
take
the
responsibility
and
do
what
we
can
to
protect
them.
运用了祈使句和宾语从句；I
hope
in
the
future
we
can
live
harmoniously
and
happily
together
with
animals.运用了宾语从句。
2.假定你是学校动物保护协会志愿者李华，你校留学生Mike对动物保护工作很热心，来信咨询你们协会的日常工作内容和报名条件。请你写一封回信，内容包括：
1）工作内容：进社区宣传；照顾流浪动物等；
2）志愿者要求：有爱心，时间灵活；
3）报名方式。
注意：
1）词数80左右；
2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3）参考词汇：动物保护协会Animal
Protection
Association;
流浪动物stray
animals
Dear
Mike,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li
Hua
【参考范文】
Dear
Mike,
Hearing
that
you
are
enthusiastic
about
animal
protection
and
show
great
interest
in
our
Animal
Protection
Association,
I
would
like
to
tell
you
some
related
information.
With
the
aim
of
protecting
animals,
our
association
has
always
been
committed
to
providing
animals
with
better
living
conditions.
What
we
do
regularly
is
to
organize
various
activities
in
communities
to
urge
people
to
pay
more
attention
to
the
protection
of
animals
and
the
environment
with
our
combined
efforts.
Apart
from
that,
we
also
help
look
after
stray
animals,
some
injured
animals
included.
Anyone
who
is
caring
and
helpful,
and
has
a
flexible
schedule
is
welcomed
to
join
us.
If
you
are
interested
in
it,
please
send
your
application
form
by
email
to
APA@.
Looking
forward
to
your
participation!
Yours.
Li
Hua
【解析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以学校动物保护协会志愿者李华的身份写一封回信。写作背景：你校留学生Mike对动物保护工作很热心，来信咨询你们协会的日常工作内容和报名条件。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）工作内容：进社区宣传；照顾流浪动物等；2）志愿者要求：有爱心，时间灵活；3）报名方式。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Hearing
that
you
are
enthusiastic
about
animal
protection
and
show
great
interest
in
our
Animal
Protection
Association,
I
would
like
to
tell
you
some
related
information.运用了现在分词作原因状语和宾语从句； What
we
do
regularly
is
to
organize
various
activities
in
communities
to
urge
people
to
pay
more
attention
to
the
protection
of
animals
and
the
environment
with
our
combined
efforts.
运用了主语从句；Apart
from
that,
we
also
help
look
after
stray
animals,
some
injured
animals
included.运用了独立主格结构； Anyone
who
is
caring
and
helpful,
and
has
a
flexible
schedule
is
welcomed
to
join
us.
运用了限制性定语从句；If
you
are
interested
in
it,
please
send
your
application
form
by
email
to
APA@.运用了条件状语从句和祈使句。
