2022届高考英语二轮复习:副词性从句——九大状语从句精讲 讲义

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名称 2022届高考英语二轮复习:副词性从句——九大状语从句精讲 讲义
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副词性从句(状语从句)
、状语从句(副词性从句)
、状语从句的分类
1.
时间状语从句
2.
地点状语从句
3.
原因状语从句
4.
结果状语从句
5.
的状语从句
6.
让步状语从句
7.
条件状语从句
8.
式状语从句
9.
较状语从句
、副词性从句(状语从句)(Adverbial
Clause)
定义:
1.
在句中起到副词的功能,修饰主句或主句中动词、形容词、副词的从句,叫做副词性从句。
2.
按其在句 充当的成分划分, 称为状语从句。
(1)状语从句修饰主句:
If
we
lose
weight
during
an
illness,
we
will
soon
regain
it
afterwards.(如果我们在 病的时候瘦了,之后 会 回来的。)(条件状语从句修饰主句)
(2)副词/状语从句修饰动词:
He
cried
sadly.(他很伤 地哭了。)( 式状语修饰动词cried)
He
cried
when
he
heard
the
news.
(他听到那则消息的时候哭了。)(时间状语从句修饰动词cried)
(3)副词/状语从句修饰形容词:
I’m
quite
happy.(我 常 兴。)(程度状语修饰形容词happy)
I’m
happy
because
I
know
I
did
the
right
thing.(我很 兴,因为我知道我做了正确的事情。)(原因状语从句修饰形容词happy)
(4)副词/状语从句修饰副词:
He
talked
very
carefully.
(他说话 常 翼翼。)(程度状语修饰副词carefully)
He
talked
carefully
in
order
that
he
appeared
to
be
fair.
(他 翼翼地说话,为了让 看起来很
公平。)( 的状语从句修饰副词carefully)
3.
状语从句可以放在句 、句中和句末。
例1:Wherever
you
go,
I
will
go
with
you.
( 论你去哪 ,我都会跟你 起去。)(让步状语从句)
例2:He
smiled
because
he
saw
me.
(他笑了,因为他看到了我。)(原因状语从句)
例3:We
come
to
this
cafe
every
week
since
we
started
this
project
to
discuss
the
latest
problems.( 我们开始这个项 以来,我们每周都会来这个咖啡馆讨论最近的问题。)(时间状语从句)
问:状语从句和主句之间什么时候要加逗号?
答:加不加逗号取决于:
(1)从句是否过 ,难以快速判断句 结构:
After
the
rain
stopped
and
the
sun
came
out
the
children
started
to
play.(没有逗号,主从结构不明)
After
the
rain
stopped
and
the
sun
came
out,
the
children
started
to
play.(有逗号,主从结构分明)
( 过天晴后,孩 们开始玩耍。)
(2)是否会影响句意:
I
didn’t
leave
you
because
I
loved
you.
(我当时并不是因为爱你才离开你。)
I
didn’t
leave
you,
because
I
loved
you.
(我当时没有离开你,因为当时我还爱你。)
I
didn’t
buy
the
house
because
it
was
expensive.
(我当时买这栋房 不是因为它贵。)
I
didn’t
buy
the
house,
because
it
was
expensive.
(我当时没买那栋房 ,因为它很贵。)
、状语从句的分类
状语从句根据表达的意思,可分为9类:时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、 的状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句、 式状语从句和 较状语从句。
1.
时间状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Time)
常 从属连词:
when,
while,
as(当……时候,在……期间,随着……)whenever
( 论何时)as
soon
as( ……就……)until,
till,
not….until(直到……为 ,直到……为 ,直到……才)before,
after,
since(在……之前,在……之后, 从……以后)by
the
time(
等到……时候)
特殊从属连词(组):immediately,
once,
directly,
instantly,
the
moment,
the
instant,
the
minute,
the
second;
hardly...when,
scarcely…when,no
sooner...than,( 刻, ……就,直接,瞬间,那 刻,那 个瞬间,那 分,那 秒;那时刚刚……,那时刚刚……,就在……的时候)
once( 旦; ……就)each
time,
every
time(
每 次,每 次)
(1)when,while,as,whenever引导的时间状语从句
a.
when引导时间状语从句,表示“当……的时候”。
①既可以表示时间段,也可以表示时间点,所以when引导的从句中动词可 延续性动词,也可以 瞬间性动词(点动词):
例1:When
I
was
younger,
I
always
stayed
up
late
before
the
final
exam.(在我年少的时候,我总是在考试前熬夜。)(be动词表示延续状态)
例2:When
she
stops
talking
to
me,
I
know
she
is
angry.
(当她不跟我说话时,我就知道她 了。)(stop是瞬间性动词,表示 个时间点)
② 于主句和从句动作同时发 ,或从句动作稍先于主句动作发 时:
例3:I
was
thinking
of
you
when
you
texted
me.
(我正想你你就给我发信息了。)(同时发 )
例4:When
he
came
out
of
the
bank,
the
thief
followed
him
home.
(当他从银 出来以后, 偷 路跟踪他回家。)(先后发 )
b.
while引导时间状语从句,表示“在……期间”,“与……同时”。
当主从句的动词都是可延续性动词,或强调动作同时发 的时候,从句常 while引导。
例1:While
I
was
waiting
for
my
taxi,
three
buses
went
by.
(在我等出租 时,驶过了三辆公交 。)
例2:She
is
playing
video
games
while
I'm
having
lunch.
(我在吃午饭的时候,她正在玩游戏。)
c.
as引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”、“随着”,表示某事发 的过程中,另 件事也在发 。
例1:She
sat
watching
him
as
he
gave
a
public
speech.
(她 直坐着看他做公开演讲。)
例2:As
he
grew
older,
he
understood
the
importance
of
modesty.
(随着年龄增 ,他明 了谦虚的重要性。)
d.
whenever作从属连词引导时间状语从句,表示“ 论何时,在任何……的时候”或“每当,每次”。
例1:You
can
ask
me
for
help
whenever
you
need
it.
(你如果需要我帮忙,随时可以提出来。)
例2:Whenever
we
hang
out,
he
brings
a
friend.
(每次我们出去玩,他都带着个朋友。)
问:when,
while,
as这三个词引导时间状语从句时,有什么不同呢?
答:(1)when可以表示 个特定时间点, while往往表示的是 段持续的时间(同as)。
例1:When
the
phone
rang,
I
was
cooking.
(当电话响的时候,我正在做饭。)(电话响的那 刻是特定时间点)
例2:While/As
I
was
cooking,
the
phone
rang.
(当我做饭的时候,电话响了。)(做饭占 的是 段持续的时间)
(2)when(当……时候)引导的从句动作可以发 在主句动作之前、之后或同时发 ,while和as(在……期间、随着)主从动作往往同时发 :
例1:When
he
arrived
home,
he
went
to
bed.
(当他回到家之后,他上床睡觉了。)
例2:When
I
got
there,
the
party
was
already
over.
(当我到那 以后,聚会已经结束了。)
(3)当主从句动作同时发 ,且从句动作为延续性动词,三者皆可 :
例:When/While/As
he
was
playing
computer
game
in
the
office,
the
boss
came
in.(当他在办公室玩电脑游戏的时候, 板进来了。)
(2)表示“ ……就……”的从属连词(短语)引导的时间状语从句
as
soon
as,once,immediately,directly,instantly,the
moment/instant/minute/second;hardly…when,
no
sooner...than,
scarcely…when引导时间状语从句时,表示“ ……就……”。
例1:As
soon
as
he
gets
here,
we're
ready
to
go.
(他 到我们就可以开始。)
例2:I
don't
know
what
to
do
once
I'm
surrounded
by
people.
( 旦周围都是 ,我就 措。)
例3:The
moment
I
see
you,
I
want
to
give
you
a
bear
hug.
(我 你,就想给你 个熊抱。)
例4:He
called
directly/immediately
he
got
my
message.
(他 看到我信息就给我打电话了。)
注意:no
sooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…放在句 时,主句 部分倒装
较1:
He
had
no
sooner
said
it
than
she
burst
into
tears.(
他话 刚落,她就哭了。)
No
sooner
had
he
said
it
than
she
burst
into
tears.
较2:
We
had
hardly/scarcely
sat
down
when
the
phone
rang.
(我们刚坐下,电话就响了。)
Hardly/Scarcely
had
we
sat
down
when
the
phone
rang.
(3)until,till,not...until引导的时间状语从句
主句为肯定时,until翻译为“直到……为 ”;主句为否定时,not...until翻译为“直到……才”;till是until的 正式形式, 般情况下可以互换,但till不可以置于句 ,在强调句中until也不能改为till。
例1:I
have
always
lived
alone
until/till
now.
=
Until
now
I
have
always
lived
alone.(直到现在,我 直独 活。)
例2:I'm
not
going
out
until
I've
finished
this.
(我要把这事做完了才出去。)
例3:It's
not
until
now
that
she
realizes
her
faults.
(直到现在她才意识到 的错误。)
(4)before,after,since引导的时间状语从句
a.
before作从属连词引导时间状语从句,核 意思是“在……以前”,但根据语境不同, 延伸出“到……为 /才”,“以免;不然”和“宁可…… 不愿”的意思。
例1:Check
your
article
carefully
before
you
hand
it
in.
(在你上交以前,仔细检查你的 章。)
例2:It
was
several
years
before
he
realized
that
she
had
loved
him.(过了好 年他才意识到她曾爱过他。)(等于until)
例3:Put
it
into
your
drawer
before
you
lose
it.
(把它放到抽屉 ,以免你丢了。)(等于in
case)
例4:She
would
die
before
she
apologized.(她宁死也不道歉。)
b.
after作从属连词引导时间状语从句,表示“在……以后”。
例:Several
years
after
they
had
split
up,
they
met
again
by
chance
in
Beijing.(他们分 年后,在北京 偶然相遇。)
c.
since作从属连词引导时间状语从句,表示“从……以后; 从……以来”。
例1:He
hasn't
called
since
he
went
to
work.
( 从他去上班后,都还没打来过电话。)
例2:She
had
been
at
home
since
the
city
went
into
a
14-day
lockdown.( 从这个城市开始14天的封城以来,她 直待在家。)
例3:How
long
is
it
since
we
last
went
to
the
theatre
together
(我们多久没有 起去看戏了?)
(5)by
the
time,
each
time,
every
time引导的时间状语从句
a.
by
the
time表示“到……时候”,表示动作在某 时间点之前已经完成,主句通常 过去完成时或将来完成时。
例1:By
the
time
we
arrived,
someone
had
grabbed
all
the
good
seats.(我们到达时,所有好位置都被 占了。)
例2:By
the
time
this
letter
reaches
you,
I
will
have
left
the
country.(你收到这封信的时候,我已经离开这个国家了。)
b.
each
time,every
time等表示时间的名词短语引导时间状语从句,表示“每当”
“每次”。
例:Every
time/Each
time
I
see
him,
he
is
working
hard.(我每次 到他,他都正在努 作。)
2.
地点状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Place)
地点状语从句可以由where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere来引导,可放在主句之前或之后。
(1)where引导的地点状语从句
a.
表示特定地点:
例:He
lives
where
there
is
a
bookstore.(他住的地 附近有书店。)
b.
表示抽象意义:
例:Where
there
is
a
will,
there
is
a
way.(有志者事竟成。)
问1:如何区别where引导的定语从句和where引导的地点状语从句?
答1:where引导定语从句时,从句前应该有 个表示地点的名词作先 词, 状语从句则不 。
较:
We
will
start
where
we
stopped.(where作从属连词,引导地点状语从句)
We
will
start
from
the
place
where
we
stopped.(where作关系副词,引导定语从句,修饰先 词the
place)
(2)wherever,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere引导的地点状语从句
例:He
would
go
anywhere
I
go.(我去哪 ,他就去哪 。)
3.
原因状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Cause)
常 从属连词
because,
as,
since(因为,因为,既然)
特殊从属连词(组)now
that,
in
that,
seeing
that,
considering
that
(既然,因为,鉴于,考虑到……)
(1)because,as,since引导原因状语从句,表示“因为……”或“既然……”。
例1:I
was
punished
because
I
was
late.(因为我迟到了,所以受了惩罚。)
例2:She
might
need
some
help
as
she's
new.(因为她是新来的,所以她可能需要 些帮助。)
例3:Since
you
won't
talk
to
me,
I'll
talk
to
someone
else.
(你既然不跟我说话,我跟别 说去。)
问:because,
as,
since,
for都可以表示“因为”,它们之间有什么区别?
答:(1)because作为从属连词,表示直接原因, 般 来回答why的提问。
例1:They
went
to
prison
because
they
violated
the
law.
(他们因犯法 狱。)
例2:It
is
because
I
like
English
that
I
keep
practicing
it
every
day.(正是因为我喜欢英语,我才每天坚持练习。)
例3:She
believes
in
him,
not
because
he
is
smart
but
(because)
he
is
loyal.(她信任他,不是因为他聪明, 是因为他忠诚。)
(注意:①只有because可以 在强调结构it
is
because…that…中;②只有because前 可以加not来表强调。)
(2)since作为从属连词,核 意思是“ 从……以来”,突出的是时间先后,表示看到 个显 易 的事实以后,根据这个事实(原因)来做下 步打算(结果)。
例:
Since
I
was
in
the
area,
I'd
better
stop
by
and
see
her.
(既然已经到了这个地 ,我就该顺便去看看她。)
(3)as作为从属连词,意思是“正因如此”,表示 家都已知道的事实。
例:As
nobody
wants
to
make
friends
with
him,
he
felt
lonely.
(正因为没 原意和他交朋友,他觉得很孤单。)
(4)for表“因为”时,是并列连词, 来引出“摆在眼前的因素”,放在句中,是书 语。
例:It
must
have
rained,
for
the
ground
is
wet.
(刚刚肯定下 了,因为地是湿的。)
(2)now
that,in
that,seeing
that,considering
that引导原因状语从句
a.
now
that表示“既然”,常 于 语,指的是双 对话时,提到的事正在发 或刚发 过(that可以省略)
例:Now
(that)
you
mentioned
it,
he
did
seem
to
be
in
a
strange
mood.(既然你说到这事 ,他的确情绪不太对。)
b.
in
that表示“原因在……中”,常 于正式表达。
例:She
was
lucky
in
that
her
friend
helped
her
out.
(她很幸运,因为她朋友帮她了 把。)
c.
seeing
that表示“鉴于;由于”。
例:Seeing
that
the
house
is
too
expensive,
he
is
unlikely
to
buy
it.(鉴于这个房 太贵,他不太可能买它。)
d.
considering
that表示“考虑到……”(that可省略)。
例:Considering
(that)
she's
just
a
beginner,
she
learns
quite
fast.(鉴于她还是个初学者,她学得还挺快的了。)
4.
结果状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Result)
结果状语从句 般位于主句之后,常 来引导此从句的从属连词有so
that,so…that,such…that。
(1)so
that引导结果状语从句,表示“所以”。
例:He spoke clearly, so that everybody understood him.(他讲话讲得很清楚,所以 家都听懂了。
注意:so
that根据语境,也可以引导 的状语从句,表示“以便”。 较:
We
left
home
early
so
that
we
got
there
on
time.
(我们离家早,所以我们准时到了。)(so
that引导的结果状语从句)
We
left
home
early
so
that
we
would
get
there
on
time.
(我们离家早以便可以准点到。)(so
that引导 的状语从句)
(2)so…that引导的结果状语从句,表示“如此……以 于”,so后 接形容词或副词。
例1:She
looked
so
stunning
that
everybody
was
watching
her.
(她当时看起来太惊艳了,以 于每个 在看她。)
例2:He
played
the
music
so
loud
that
I
couldn't
fall
sleep.
(他 乐放得太 声,以 于我没法睡。)
(3)such…that引导的结果状语从句,表示“如此……以 于”,such后 接名词。
例:The
movie
was
such
a
success
that
it
won
the
award.
(这电影太成功了以 于获了奖。)
注意:有时为了强调形容词或副词,可以把so或such部分置于句 ,从句需倒装(“倒装句”专题会详解)。
例1:So
tired
was
she
that
she
could
barely
keep
her
eyes
open.
(她太困了以 于眼睛都睁不开了。)
例2:Such
is
his
influence
on
her
that
she
often
sulks
because
of
his
mood
swings.
(他对她影响 常 ,以 于她经常因为他的情绪波动 闷 。)
5.
的状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Purpose)
常 从属连词so
that,
in
order
that
(以便,为了)
特殊从属连词lest,
for
fear
that,
in
case
(以免, 怕,以防万 )
(1)so
that,in
order
that引导 的状语从句,都表示“以便、为了”的意思。
例1:She
sped
up
in
order
that
she
would
not
be
late.
(她加速了,为了不要迟到。)
例2:Please
speak
loudly
so
(that)
everybody
in
the
room
can
hear
you.(为了让在座的各位听清楚,请你说话 声点 。)
例3:So
(that)/In
order
that
I
can
make
it
to
his
birthday
party,
I
need
to
finish
the
essay
as
soon
as
possible.
(为了赶去他的 宴会,我得尽快写完论 。)
注意:引导 的状语从句表“为了”的so
(that)是从属连词,但引导并列句表“所以”的so是并列连词。要看具体句意,不要混淆两者属性。
较:
He
left
me,
so
I
cried.(他离开我,所以我哭了。)(so是并列连词,表示“所以”,只能放句中。)
So
(that)
he
won't
leave
me,
I
cried.(我哭为了让他不离开我。)(so
that起从属连词作 ,表示“为了”,引导 的状语
从句。 般放句中,为了强调可放句 。)
I
cried
so
he
won't
leave
me.(可有两种理解:①我哭了,所以他不会离开我。②我哭了,为了他不离开我。)
问:in
order
that,in
order
to,so
as
to都表示“为了”,有什么区别?
答:(1)当从句主语和主句主语 致时,in
order
that+后 的从句可以直接 in
order
to
do
sth.来替换。对 :
He
works
very
hard
in
order
that
he
can
bring
home
the
bacon.
(他 作很努 ,以便能养家糊 。)
He
works
very
hard
in
order
to
bring
home
the
bacon.
(2)in
order
to可以放句 、句中;so
as
to只能放句中。对 :
In
order
to
bring
home
the
bacon,
he
works
very
hard.
He
works
very
hard
so
as
to
bring
home
the
bacon.
(2)lest/for
fear
that/in
case表示“以防”。
例1:Always
make
a
backup
of
your
work
lest/for
fear
that
your
system
(should)
crash.(永远要记得备份 件,以防你的电脑系统崩溃。)
例2:Take
another
battery
with
you
in
case
you
need
it.(多带 个电池,以防不时之需。)
6.
让步状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Concession)
常 从属连词
though,
although(虽然;尽管)
特殊从属连词even
though,
even
if
(虽然/尽管,即使)
as
(虽然)no
matter+疑问词,
疑问词-ever
whether…or…
(是……还是……)while
(虽然)
(1)although和though引导的让步状语从句
a.
这两个从属连词都表示“虽然,尽管”之意,although though更正式。
例1:Although/Though
she
is
eager
to
mingle
with
other
guests,
she
still
finds
it
hard
to
blend
in.
(尽管她很想和其他客 打成 ,但仍觉得很难融 。)
例2:She
likes
him
though
she
never
says
a
thing
about
it.
(她挺喜欢他的,尽管她从未说起过。)
b.
though作从属连词引导的让步从句如果有“主语+be动词“结构,且该主语和主句逻辑主语 致,为了简洁,可以省略。
例1:He
is
a
good
man,
though
(he
is)
rather
inarticulate.
(他是个好 ,虽然不善 辞。)
例2:It
is
possible,
though
(it
is)
difficult.(
这事虽难,但还是可以办到的。)
注意:though还可以作副词,表“然 ,不过,可是”,经常 于句末补充说明,减弱语 。
例:We
lost.
It
was
a
good
game
though.
(我们输了,可是这也不失为 场好 赛。)
(2)even
though和even
if引导的让步状语从句,两者都表“即使”之意,可以互换,因为有表示“甚 ”的副词even在前,所以语 较although强,同时if可表示假设。
例1:I
like
her,
even
though/even
if
she
can
be
annoying
at
times.
(尽管她有时候挺招 烦的,但是我还是喜欢她。)
例2:We
won't
give
up
even
if
we
should
fail
100
times.
(即使失败了 百次我们也不放弃。)
(3)as引导的让步状语从句 般放在主句之前, 倒装语序,从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句 ,同时as可以与though互换。
例1:Beautiful
as/though
she
is,
I
don't
like
her.
(她虽然漂亮,但是我不喜欢她。)
例2:Hard
as/though
he
tried,
he
failed
to
lose
weight.
(虽然他努 尝试,但仍没能成功减肥。)
例3:Cry
as
you
may,
things
will
not
get
better.
(你尽管哭,事情也不会有转机的。)
例4:New
recruit
as
she
is,
she
always
gives
deep
insights
and
useful
advice.(尽管她是新 ,她总是能给出有深度的 解和有 的建议。)
(4)“疑问词+词尾ever”构成的复合词引导的让步状语从句,表示“不论”和“不管”的意思。这类型的词有:whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however。
a.
wh-ever型从属连词引导的让步状语从句可以与“no
matter+疑问词”引导的让步状语从句互换。
例1:I
will
follow
him
wherever/no
matter
where
he
goes.
(他去哪 我就去哪 。)
例2:He
trusts
her
whatever/no
matter
what
others
say.
(不管别 怎么说,他相信她。)
例3:I
will
keep
trying
whoever/no
matter
who
tries
to
stop
me.
(我会继续尝试, 论谁想来阻 我。)
b.
however作副词,表“ 论到什么程度,不管多么”之意时,往往和形容词与副词连 ,组成的短语相当于no
matter
how,在句中起从属连词的功 。
例1:She
has
the
window
open,
however/no
matter
how
cold
it
is.
(不管外 多冷,她都开着窗户。)
例2:However/No
matter
how
patiently
he
explained,
she
refused
to
listen.( 论他如何耐 解释,她就是不听。)
(5)whether…or…引导的让步状语从句,表示“不管……还是……”。
例1:Whether
you
come
with
me
or
stay
at
home,
I
still
have
to
go
to
this
party.(不管你是和我 起还是待在家 ,我都得去这个派对。)
例2:Whether
you
like
it
or
not,
it's
your
responsibility.
( 论你喜欢不喜欢,它是你的责任。)
(6)while引导的让步状语从句,表示“虽然、尽管”。
例1:While
I
am
willing
to
help,
I
do
not
have
much
time
available.
(尽管我很想帮忙,但是我没有空。)
例2:We
would
always
choose
somewhere
in
the
mountains
for
a
holiday,
while
our
children
always
want
the
seaside.(我们休假总选择去 间, 我们的孩 总想去海边。)
7.
条件状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Condition)
条件有真实条件和 真实条件两种。前者指现实的或很有可能变为现实的条件,后者表 现实的或不可能变为现实的条件。本节主要讲真实条件。( 真实条件,后期“虚拟语 ”会详解)
(1)if引导的条件状语从句,表示“如果……”。
常 从属连词
if,
unless(如果,除 )
特殊从属连词(组)
on
condition
that,
only
if,
in
case,
as/as
long
as
(基于……条件下,只有,万 ,只要)
例:If
you
follow
my
advice,
you
will
win.
=
You'll
win
if
you
follow
my
advice.(如果你听取我的建议,你就会赢。)
(2)unless引导的条件状语从句,表示“除 ……”。
例:I
won't
go
unless
you
invite
me.(除 你邀请我,否则我是不会去的。)
(3)on
condition
that引导的条件状语从句,表示“在……条件下”。
例:I
can
tell
you
what
I
really
think
on
condition
that/only
if
you
promise
not
to
laugh
at
me.(我可以告诉你我的真实想法,只要你答应不会笑我。)
(4)only
if引导的条件状语从句,表示“只有……才”。位于句 时,主句部分要倒装(后期“倒装句”会详解)。
例:Only
if
you
study
hard
can
you
finally
master
a
language.
(只有努 学习,你最终才能掌握 语 。)
(5)in
case引导的条件状语从句,表示“如果,万 ”。
例:In
case
I
forget,
please
remind
me.(万 我忘了,请提醒我。)
(6)as/so
long
as引导的条件状语从句,表示“只要”。
例:As/so
long
as
we
keep
trying,
we
will
one
day
succeed.
=
We
will
one
day
succeed
as/so
long
as
we
keep
trying.(只要我们不停尝试,总有 天会成功。)
8.
式状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Manner)
式状语从句常常由as,as
if和as
though引导。
(1)as引导的 式状语从句,表示“按照…… 式、正如……”。
例1:He
did
as
I
had
asked.(他按照我的要求做的。)
(2)as
if和as
though引导的 式状语从句
a.
as
if和as
though表示“好像,仿佛”。
例:She
looks
as
if/though
she's
angry.(她看起来好像 了。)
b.
如果as
if/as
though引导的从句是“主句+系动词”的结构,且该主语和主句逻辑主语 致,可省略“主语+系动词”。
例1:He
left
the
room
as
if
(he
was)
in
anger.
(他离开了房间,好像 了。)
例2:She
paused
as
if
(she
was)
waiting
for
him
to
speak.
(她停下来,好像在等他说话。)
例3:He
stood
up
as
if
(he
was)
to
say
something
important.
(他站起来,好像要说重要的事。)
9.
较状语从句(Adverbial
Clause
of
Comparison)
(1)同级 较
常 as…as,表示“和…… 样……”;not
as/so…as...结构,表示“不如……”。
例1:You
speak
English
as
well
as
she
does.(你和她英语说得 样好。)
例2:He
doesn't
speak
English
as/so
well
as
you
do.(他英语没你说得好。)
例3:His
voice
is
not
as
good
as
yours.(他的声 没你的好听。)
(2)差级 较
a.
常 “…than…”结构,表示“ ……”。
例:He
runs
faster
than
I
do.(他跑得 我快。)
b.
较状语从句如果 省略结构,than后 接 称代词时, 称代词 宾格。
例:He
is
smarter
than
I
am/me.(他 我聪明。)
c.
两个不同的 或物在同 的 较,为了避免重复,常 that或those来代替主语。
例1:The
weather
in
Beijing
is
colder
than
that
in
Guilin.
(北京的天 桂林的天 冷。)
例2:The
apartments
in
Beijing
are
more
expensive
than
those
in
Guilin.(北京的房 桂林的贵。)