2021-2022学年度上学期第一次教学质量监测
高二
英语试题
（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1.
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.
回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
What
time
is
it
now
A.
7:15.
B.
6:40.
C.
7:45.
2.
What
does
the
man
think
about
the
woman’s
hat
A.
It’s
very
good.
B.
It
doesn’t
go
well
with
her
dress.
C.
He
likes
the
style
of
it.
3.
What
does
the
man
mean
A.
He
doesn’t
know
the
park.
B.
The
park
is
nearby.
C.
There
is
no
parking
here.
4.
What
does
the
man
mean
A.
The
woman
should
go
away.
B.
He
will
go
closer
to
her.
C.
He
can
hear
her
very
well.
5.What
is
the
problem
A.
The
woman
doesn’t
like
orange
juice.
B.
The
man
was
looking
for
orange
juice.
C.
The
man
broke
the
container
of
the
orange
juice.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.
Which
bus
did
the
man
take
yesterday
A.
Number
7.
B.
Number
15.
C.
Both
of
them.
7.
How
far
will
the
woman
walk
if
she
takes
a
Number
15
bus
A.
Half
a
mile.
B.
One
mile.
C.
Two
miles.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.
What’s
the
weather
like
these
days
A.
Raining
all
the
time.
B.
Sunny
and
bright.
C.
Cloudy
and
windy.
9.
What
do
they
think
of
the
weather
A.
Not
too
bad.
B.
Terrible.
C.
Fine.
10.
How
about
the
weather
tomorrow
according
to
the
weatherman
A.
Sunny.
B.
Rainy.
C.
Cloudy.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11.
Where
did
the
man
watch
the
movie
A.
At
a
friend’s
house.
B.
Downtown.
C.
At
a
nearby
cinema.
12.
How
did
the
man
like
the
movie
A.
It
was
excellent.
B.
It
was
absurd.
C.
It
wasn’t
worth
mentioning.
13.
Why
did
Dave
say
his
roommate
was
a
real
airhead
A.
He
thought
Titanic
was
a
Japanese
boat
during
World
War
Ⅱ.
B.
He
said
that
the
Japanese
won
the
war
using
a
boat
called
Titanic.
C.
He
believed
that
the
Japanese
sank
a
boat
called
Titanic.
14.
What
did
Dave
and
his
roommate
do
after
the
movie
A.
They
went
out
for
a
few
drinks.
B.
They
watched
TV.
C.
They
talked
about
their
hobbies.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题
15.
What
is
the
woman
A.
A
saleswoman.
B.
A
student.
C.
A
bank
clerk.
16.
How
much
money
can
the
woman
get
per
month
all
together
A.
＄
760.
B.
＄1
260.
C.
＄2
160.
17.
What
does
the
man
advise
the
woman
to
do
A.
Work
more.
B.
Get
some
money
from
the
bank.
C
Make
a
monthly
budget.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18.
What
did
the
woman
do
immediately
after
she
woke
up
A.
She
looked
out
of
the
window.
B.
She
turned
on
the
TV.
C.
She
prepared
to
leave.
19.
What
was
the
weather
like
that
day
A.
Rainy.
B.
Sunny.
C.
Windy.
20.
What
can
we
know
from
the
passage
A.
The
woman
left
without
taking
anything.
B.
She
couldn’t
see
the
road
clearly
because
night
was
drawing
near.
C.
A
big
fire
broke
out
around
where
she
lived.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Buzzwords
(流行词汇)
Splinternet
Europe
is
floating
regulation
that
could
impose
temporary
bans
on
US
tech
companies
that
violate
its
laws.
If
such
territorial
agreements
become
more
common,
the
globally-connected
Internet
we
know
will
more
like
what
some
have
called
the
“splinternet”,
or
a
collection
of
different
Internets
whose
limits
are
determined
by
national
or
regional
borders.
Cyberpunk
—Do
you
think
we
are
already
in
a
cyberpunk
age
—I
think
we
are.
Just
look
around
us,
we
are
enjoying
the
fruit
of
high
technology
when
we
order
almost
everything
at
our
fingertips.
But
the
people
delivering
the
products
can’t
even
have
a
decent
meal.
That’s
a
typical
“high
tech,
low
life”
contrast.
Mansplaining
—You
must
follow
my
instructions
to
complete
the
project.
Don’t
you
ever
screw
up.
—Stop
mansplaining,
OK
I’m
far
more
experienced
than
you.
Digital
natives
If
you
are
wondering
why
“Phone”
app
icon
is
designed
like
that
and
looks
almost
the
same
on
every
smartphone,
you
are
definitely
one
of
the
digital
natives
who
don’t
know
what
a
telephone
is.
Social
bankruptcy
Have
you
ever
found
it
extremely
exhausting
trying
to
maintain
a
balanced
relationship
with
all
your
social
media
friends
and
followers
Perhaps
it’s
time
that
you
go
social
bankruptcy.
Just
close
all
your
accounts
and
go
out
and
enjoy
the
sunshine.
21.
The
social
media
platform
Facebook
briefly
decided
to
prevent
Australian
users
from
sharing
new
links.
Which
word
is
most
relevant
to
this
affair
A.
Splinternet
B.
Mansplaining
C.
Digital
natives
D.
Social
bankruptcy
22.
Mencius
(孟子)
once
said:
“Disgust
for
someone
by
others
does
focus
on
his/her
pretending
to
be
others’
master.”
Which
word
means
the
same
thing
A.
Splinternet
B.
Cyberpunk
C.
Mansplaining
D.
Digital
natives
23.
Which
column
in
Teen
Space
Magazine
is
the
text
probably
from
A.
Preface
B.
Outlook
C.
Story
D.
Witticism
B
Everyone
is
afraid
of
something.
Maybe
you're
afraid
of
spiders,
or
heights,
or
dogs,
or
the
dark.
And
traditionally,
we’ve
thought
that's
because
you
learned
to
be
afraid.
Probably
because
you
had
a
bad
run-in
with
something
at
some
point.
But
there's
a
different
idea
out
there
that's
been
getting
more
attention
lately:
the
idea
that
fears
aren’t
just
learned
…they
also
can
be
inherited.
It
sounds
like
a
wild
idea.
How
do
you
inherit
something
as
abstract
as
fear
But
over
the
last
fifty
years,
researchers
have
been
studying
just
how
much
fears
have
to
do
with
inheritance
and
genetics.
And
their
results
have
been
kind
of
surprising.
In
this
work,
they’ve
put
a
lot
of
effort
into
understanding
one
extreme
kind
of
fear,
called
a
phobia.
To
get
a
sense
of
how
much
genes
influence
fear,
scientists
have
begun
looking
at
identical
twins.
Since
identical
twins
have
almost
the
same
DNA,
researchers
can
figure
out
how
heritable
a
fear
is
by
comparing
how
often
specific
phobias
appear
in
identical
twins
as
opposed
to
other
brothers
or
sisters.
Because
even
though
twins
often
have
lots
of
similar
experiences,
they
probably
don't
share
the
types
of
experiences
that
cause
phobias
—
like
getting
bitten
by
a
dog
or
falling
out
of
a
tree.
One
1998
study
of
659
pairs
of
identical
and
fraternal
twins
in
Australia
looked
at
how
many
had
a
fear
of
blood.
The
study
found
that
genetics
accounted
for
71
percent
of
the
variation
among
those
people,
meaning
genetic
factors
play
a
pretty
big
role
in
determining
whether
a
person
has
some
specific
fear.
A
2016
study
also
found
that
fear
of
dental
work
was
over
30
percent
heritable.
So,
if
you
are
afraid
of
going
to
the
dentist,
it
really
might
not
be
your
dentist's
fault.
Overall,
first-degree
relatives
of
people
with
phobias
are
more
likely
to
have
similar
phobias
than
people
with
no
family
history.
So,
it's
pretty
clear
that
phobias
are
heritable!
24.
What
does
the
author
mean
by
saying
the
underlined
sentence
in
Para.
2
A.
It's
unbelievable
that
people
can
inherit
something
so
abstract
like
fear.
B.
It's
surprising
that
people
know
so
little
about
inheritance
and
genetics.
C.
It's
natural
that
people
become
afraid
of
things
that
they
had
bad
experience
with.
D.
It's
interesting
that
people
arc
afraid
of
so
many
things
such
as
spiders
and
the
dark.
25.
Why
did
the
scientists
choose
identical
twins
as
their
test
subjects
A.
They
looks
very
much
alike.
B.
They
have
shared
experiences.
C.
They
have
similar
personalities.
D.
They
share
basically
the
same
DNA.
26.
What
did
the
author
try
to
prove
by
mentioning
the
studies
in
Para.
4
and
5
A.
Dentists
are
scary
to
many
kids.
B.
Most
people
have
some
kind
of
fear.
C.
Fear
of
blood
is
the
most
common
phobia.
D.
Fear
of
things
can
be
a
result
of
genetic
inheritance.
27.
Where
does
the
text
probably
come
from
A
A
travel
brochure.
B.
A
science
talk
show.
C.
A
commercial
advertisement.
D.
A
history
book.
C
Dr.
Melissa
D.
Young
is
a
chemist
and
Certified
Diabetes
Educator
at
the
American
Association
of
Diabetes
Educators
who
holds
a
very
personal
interest
in
advocating
for
annual
flu
vaccination
(预防接种).
Twelve
years
ago,
her
mother
passed
away
after
a
flu
infection.
Young’s
mother
had
a
chronic
(慢性的)
lung
condition,
but
she
had
refused
to
get
a
flu
vaccine
because
she
mistakenly
thought
it
would
make
her
suffer
from
the
flu.
It’s
a
sad,
but
all
too
common
story.
According
to
data
collected
by
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention,
of
US
adults
who
were
hospitalized
for
flu
infection
in
2018-2019
with
additional
information
available,
93
percent
had
at
least
one
medical
condition.
In
the
US,
nearly
half
of
all
adults
aged
45-64
years,
and
80
percent
of
those
aged
65
years
and
older,
have
multiple
chronic
health
conditions
that
put
them
at
high
risk
for
flu-related
complications,
including
heart
attack,
stroke,
hospitalization,
and
even
death.
To
address
this
public
health
threat,
the
medical
community
is
working
together
to
protect
the
most
vulnerable
(易受伤害的)
patients.
Flu
viruses
cause
a
reaction
that
can
last
for
several
weeks
following
serious
infection.
This
flu-related
reaction
can
make
existing
chronic
conditions
worse,
including
heart
disease,
lung
disease
and
diabetes.
Additionally,
adults
with
diabetes
were
six
times
more
likely
to
be
hospitalized
and
three
times
more
likely
to
die
from
flu-related
complications
than
people
without
diabetes.
Yet
there
remains
low
awareness
of
the
importance
of
annual
flu
vaccination
for
adults
with
chronic
health
conditions.
Despite
the
abundance
of
public
health
guidance
urging
people
to
get
vaccinated
each
year,
increasing
flu
vaccination
rates
has
proven
extremely
difficult.
Vaccination
coverage
among
adults
has
increased
slightly
over
the
past
decade,
but
remains
about
40
percent,
leaving
more
than
half
of
US
adults
vulnerable
each
year.
28.
Why
does
the
author
mention
Young’s
mother
in
paragraph
1
A.
To
summarize
the
following
paragraphs.
B.
To
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text.
C.
To
show
the
background
of
the
story.
D.
To
provide
some
advice
for
readers.
29.
What
do
we
know
about
flu
infection
and
chronic
conditions
A.
They
influence
each
other.
B.
They
exist
mainly
in
America.
C.
They
hardly
happen
to
the
young.
D.
They
are
the
main
reasons
for
death.
30.
What
attitude
do
most
American
adults
have
towards
flu
vaccination
A.
Positive.
B.
Flexible.
C.
Uncertain.
D.
Uncaring.
31.
What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.
The
benefits
of
flu
vaccination
B.
Flu
infection
is
increasing
in
the
USA
C.
Flu
infection
is
a
threat
for
American
adults
D.
The
difficulty
in
carrying
out
flu
vaccination
D
The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
a
strange
and
wild
region,
quite
different
from
the
familiar
and
mostly
smooth
face
we
see
nightly
from
our
planet.
Soon
this
rough
space
will
have
even
stranger
features:
it
will
be
crowded
with
radio
telescopes.
Astronomers
are
planning
to
make
the
moon's
distant
side
our
newest
and
best
window
on
the
cosmic(宇宙的)
dark
ages,
a
mysterious
era
hiding
early
marks
of
stars
and
galaxies.
Our
universe
was
not
always
filled
with
stars.
About
380,000
years
after
the
big
bang,
the
universe
cooled,
and
the
first
atoms
of
hydrogen
formed.
Gigantic
hydrogen
clouds
soon
filled
the
universe.
But
for
a
few
hundred
million
years,
everything
remained
dark,
without
stars.
Then
came
the
cosmic
dawn:
the
first
stars
flickered,
galaxies
came
into
existence
and
slowly
the
universe's
large scale
structure
took
shape.
The
seeds
of
this
structure
must
have
been
present
in
the
dark age
hydrogen
clouds,
but
the
era
has
been
impossible
to
probe
using
optical(光学的)
telescopes—there
was
no
light.
And
although
this
hydrogen
produced
long wavelength(or
low frequency)
radio
emissions,radio
telescopes
on
Earth
have
found
it
nearly
impossible
to
detect
them.
Our
atmosphere
either
blocks
or
disturbs
these
faint
signals;
those
that
get
through
are
drowned
out
by
humanity's
radio
noise.
Scientists
have
dreamed
for
decades
of
studying
the
cosmic
dark
ages
from
the
moon's
far
side.
Now
multiple
space
agencies
plan
lunar
missions
carrying
radio wave detecting
instruments—some
within
the
next
three
years—and
astronomers'
dreams
are
set
to
become
reality.
“If
I
were
to
design
an
ideal
place
to
do
low frequency
radio
astronomy
I
would
have
to
build
the
moon,”
says
astrophysicist
Jack
Burns
of
the
University
of
Colorado
Boulder.
“We
are
just
now
finally
getting
to
the
place
where
we're
actually
going
to
be
putting
these
telescopes
down
on
the
moon
in
the
next
few
years.”
32.
What's
the
purpose
of
building
radio
telescopes
on
the
moon
A.
To
research
the
big
bang.
B.
To
discover
unknown
stars.
C.
To
study
the
cosmic
dark
ages.
D.
To
observe
the
far
side
of
the
moon.
33.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“probe”
in
Paragraph
3
possibly
mean
A.
Explore.
B.
Evaluate.
C.
Produce.
D.
Predict.
34.
Hydrogen
radio
emissions
can't
be
detected
on
Earth
because
________．
A.
there
was
no
light
in
the
dark
ages
B.
they
cannot
possibly
get
through
our
atmosphere
C.
gigantic
hydrogen
clouds
no
longer
fill
the
universe
D
radio
signals
on
Earth
cause
too
much
interference
35.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
A.
Scientists
have
to
rebuild
the
moon.
B.
We
will
finally
get
to
the
moon's
distant
side.
C.
The
moon
is
a
perfect
place
to
set
up
radio
telescopes.
D.
A
favorable
research
environment
will
be
found
on
the
moon.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Making
the
Most
of
the
Present
We've
all
been
asked
that
question
"Where
do
you
see
yourself
in
5
or
10
years ”
and
while
some
of
us
might
have
the
answers
to
that,
the
reality
is,
most
of
us
don't
and
that
is
totally
OK.
____36____
We've
put
together
the
below
tips
on
how
to
enjoy
living
in
the
moment.
Stop
worrying
about
what
hasn't
happened
yet.
We've
all
done
it.
Worrying
about
a
situation
that
hasn't
happened
yet
is
only
going
to
ruin
all
the
good
things
that
are
happening
now.
If
you
focus
on
the
future
too
much,
it
makes
the
present
irrelevant.
____37____
If
it
is
really
eating
you
up,
try
thinking
about
what
you
can
do
right
now
to
avoid
any
negative
situations
you
might
be
worried
about.
____38____
It
is
so
easy
to
get
caught
up
in
other
people's
lives
and
compare
your
achievements
to
theirs,
so
if
you
find
yourself
doubting
your
achievements
and
feeling
less
than
someone
because
they
have
a
nicer
car
or
a
better
job,
take
a
step
away
from
them
for
a
while
until
you
no
longer
feel
negatively
about
the
differences
in
your
lives
and
achievements.
Better
mood,
better
life.
Put
yourself
first
and
stop
trying
to
please
everyone
else.
____39____
And
looking
after
yourself
before
anyone
else
is
the
most
important.
Work
towards
the
goals
you
want
to
achieve,
not
the
ones
others
want
you
to
achieve
or
the
ones
you
think
you
should
be
achieving
because
society
tells
us
too.
If
you
don't
want
to
get
married,
that's
OK,
and
if
you
do,
that's
OK
too.
____40____
A.
No
one
is
better
than
you.
B.
You
are
your
own
number
one.
C.
Just
make
sure
that
anything
you
do,
is
done
for
you!
D.
Stop
being
influenced
by
popular
and
influential
people.
E.
Surround
yourself
with
people
that
make
you
feel
better.
F.
What
will
be,
will
be
and
stressing
about
something
isn't
going
to
change
that.
G.
Thinking
ahead
is
important
but
it
can
often
be
the
cause
of
unnecessary
stress.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gone
are
the
days
when
big
businesses
were
looked
upon
by
environmentalists
as
enemies
in
the
fight
against
global
warming.
Just
two
weeks
after
U.
S.
President
Donald
Trump
pulled
his
country
out
of
the
Paris
Climate
Agreement,
more
than
900
American
firms
put
their
___41___to
a
“We
Are
Still
In”
open
letter
to
the
United
Nations.
Together,
they
promise
to
help
reduce
America’s
carbon
emissions
by
26
percent
by
2025,
___42___the
Paris
Climate
Agreement.
___43___,
big
businesses
have
been
taking
climate
change
seriously
for
years
now.
Alongside
energy-efficiency
measures,
the
strongest
evidence
of
their
___44___has
been
the
number
of
new
wind
and
solar
projects
that
they
have
been
helping
to
build
around
the
world.
IT
firms
such
as
Amazon
and
Google
have
been
using
clean
energy
to
power
their
servers
(服务器).
Some
environmentalists
now
believe
that
big
businesses
could
become
strong
___45___behind
the
worldwide
spread
of
renewable
energy.
“There
used
to
be
little
action,”
says
Marty
Spitzer
of
the
World
Wildlife
Fund
(WWF),
“Now,
I
see
fundamental
___46___being
made.”
More
recently,
this
enthusiasm
for
environmental
protection
has
___47___from
corporate
headquarters
to
branches
and
suppliers,
and
from
developed
countries
to
emerging
markets.
Take
Walmart,
the
world’s
largest
retailer,
for
example.
In
March
2016,
it
said
that
it
would
require
its
own
operations
and
those
along
its
___48___chain
to
reduce
carbon-dioxide
emissions
by
one
billion
tons
by
2030.
This
is
___49___to
taking
211
million
passenger
cars
off
America’s
roads
for
a
year.
The
announcement
was
____50____by
the
WWF
and
other
conservation
organizations,
which
are
helping
Walmart’s
suppliers
work
towards
this
goal.
Apple,
maker
of
the
iPhone,
has
said
that
seven
of
its
biggest
global
manufacturers
have
promised
to
power
their
Apple-related
____51____with
renewable
energy
by
the
end
of
this
year.
According
to
the
WWF,
in
the
United
States
alone,
nearly
two
dozen
of
the
biggest
firms
have
committed
themselves
to
becoming
100
percent
renewable
in
the
near
future.
Hervé
Touati
of
the
Rocky
Mountain
Institute,
a
clean-energy
research
firm,
explains
the
____52____behind
this
trend.
Going
green
improves
the
companies’
public
image
and
helps
attract
customers,
staff
and
investors.
Anheuser-Busch
InBev
the
world’s
biggest
brewer
(啤酒公司),
has
lots
of
young
people
among
its
many
____53____.
Many
of
them
take
environmental
issues
seriously.
Electricity,
used
____54____in
the
brewing
process,
amounts
to
a
tenth
of
its
total
costs.
Last
year,
the
company
set
out
to
increase
the
role
of
renewables
in
generating
____55____to
100
percent
by
2025.
“My
generation
often
takes
energy
and
clean
air
for
granted,”
said
Tony
Milikin,
the
firm’s
chief
sustainability
officer.
“The
generation
coming
up
now
looks
at
it
totally
differently.”
41.
A.
posters
B.
innovations
C.
names
D.
donations
42.
A.
for
fear
of
B.
by
means
of
C.
in
line
with
D.
on
account
of
43.
A.
In
fact
B.
On
average
C.
By
contrast
D.
In
addition
44.
A.
assessment
B.
commitment
C.
argument
D.
attachment
45.
A.
predictors
B.
features
C.
cases
D.
forces
46.
A.
changes
B.
profits
C.
mistakes
D.
differences
47.
A.
transferred
B.
ranged
C.
processed
D.
extended
48.
A.
food
B.
store
C.
supply
D.
data
49.
A.
opposite
B.
equivalent
C.
accustomed
D.
second
50.
A.
criticized
B.
issued
C.
welcomed
D.
underlined
51.
A.
content
B.
accounts
C.
activities
D.
production
52.
A.
inspirations
B.
motivations
C.
destinations
D.
functions
53.
A.
manufacturers
B.
investors
C.
customers
D.
administrators
54.
A.
considerably
B.
skillfully
C.
economically
D.
occasionally
55.
A.
heat
B.
wind
C.
water
D.
power
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
___56___
(doubt),
Earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
there
is
strong
evidence
of
___57___
causes
the
dramatic
change
in
the
global
climate.
Actually,
the
“greenhouse
effect”
is
___58___
(blame).
The
rise
in
temperature
has
___59___
(lead)
to
an
increase
in
extreme
weather
and
natural
disasters
worldwide,
not
only
___60___
(cause)
serious
damage,
but
also
costing
human
lives.
To
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
governments
need
to
consider
making
policies
and
___61___
(take)
appropriate
actions
and
measures
while
we
as
individuals
can
also
reduce
our
“carbon
footprint”
by
restricting
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
our
lifestyle
produce.
China
___62___
(make)
great
progress
in
space
programme
in
recent
years,
including
Yang
Liwei’s
successfully
orbiting
Earth
in
the
Shenzhou
5
spacecraft
in
2003
and
Chang’e
4’s
exploring
the
surface
of
the
far
side
of
the
moon
to
make
___63___
(measure)
and
observations.
The
future
of
space
exploration
remains
bright.
___64___
the
difficulties,
scientists
hope
future
discoveries
will
not
only
enables
us
____65____
(understand)
how
the
universe
began,
but
also
help
us
survive
well
into
the
future.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.
假定你是李华，你的外教
Mr
While
对中国传统节日中秋节很感兴趣，他来信向你请教“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。你回信介绍这个节日。内容包括：
(1)它是中国的传统节日之一；
(2)家人团聚；
(3)赏月、吃月饼；
(4)还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
注意：词数
80
左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第二节（满分25分）
67.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It
was
a
very
hot
afternoon.
My
friend
Leah
and
I
were
waiting
for
the
rush
hour
train.
We
were
tired
and
couldn’t
wait
to
get
back
to
the
place
where
we
were
living.
When
the
train
arrived,
we
got
into
the
second
carriage
from
the
front.
The
air-conditioning
wasn’t
working
at
the
rear
(后部),
so
the
front
was
particularly
crowded
that
day.
I
sat
by
the
window
admiring
the
changing
landscape.
Suddenly
we
felt
enormous
pressure
pushing
us
backwards
into
our
seats.
The
windows
broke
into
tiny
pieces
and
dust
flew
around
violently.
I
could
barely
open
my
eyes.
The
train
was
suffering
from
a
crash,
and
it
didn’t
feel
as
if
it
were
going
to
stop.
I
thought
I
would
be
dead.
I
thought
about
my
husband
Guy,
who
was
supposed
to
receive
the
news
first.
I
thought
of
my
dear
father
and
other
family
members,
wondering
how
each
would
deal
with
my
death.
Voices
began
to
break
through
my
thoughts.
People
were
anxious.
Strangely,
I
was
totally
calm.
I
wasn’t
panicking;
my
heart
wasn’t
even
beating
fast.
When
the
train
finally
stopped,
we
slowly
stood
up,
pushing
off
the
table
that
had
fallen
onto
us;
others
stayed
in
their
seats
and
many
were
injured
and
covered
in
blood.
I
could
hear
screaming.
A
soldier
pushed
the
damaged
door
open
for
us
to
escape.
Our
carriage
had
run
out
of
rails
and
we
were
halfway
home.
We
had
a
lot
of
blood
on
us
and
I
searched
my
body
for
wounds,
but
I
didn’t
find
any.
My
knees
felt
painful
and
my
hips
were
black
and
blue,
and
Leah
had
her
hand
cut
when
jumping
off
the
train,
but
that
wasn’t
serious.
Helicopters
landed
and
we
saw
soldiers
running
in
and
out.
All
around
us
were
ambulances
(救护车)
and
people
lying
on
the
ground.
Everyone
was
shouting
for
help.
I
rang
Guy,
who
was
very
calm
and
said
he
would
come
and
get
us.
Seeing
all
these
brought
me
great
emotional
hurt.
Paragraph
1:
It
was
almost
dark
by
the
time
we
found
Guy
and
he
drove
us
home.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
In
the
days
that
followed,
I
convinced
myself
I
had
internal
bleeding.2021-2022学年度上学期第一次教学质量监测
高二
英语试题
（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1.
答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.
回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分
听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.
【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What
time
is
it
now
A.
7:15.
B.
6:40.
C.
7:45.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M:
John
is
supposed
to
come
here
at
half
past
seven.
W:
Yes,
he’ll
be
here
in
15
minutes.
2.
【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What
does
the
man
think
about
the
woman’s
hat
A.
It’s
very
good.
B.
It
doesn’t
go
well
with
her
dress.
C.
He
likes
the
style
of
it.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:
I
don’t
think
your
hat
matches
your
dress.
W:
But
I
like
its
style.
3.
【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What
does
the
man
mean
A.
He
doesn’t
know
the
park.
B.
The
park
is
nearby.
C.
There
is
no
parking
here.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W:
Excuse
me,
could
you
please
tell
me
how
to
get
to
the
park
M:
There’s
a
park
around
here
4.
【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What
does
the
man
mean
A.
The
woman
should
go
away.
B.
He
will
go
closer
to
her.
C.
He
can
hear
her
very
well.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W:
If
I
speak
this
way,
could
you
hear
me
clearly
M:
Go
ahead.
5.
【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What
is
the
problem
A.
The
woman
doesn’t
like
orange
juice.
B.
The
man
was
looking
for
orange
juice.
C.
The
man
broke
the
container
of
the
orange
juice.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W:
I
just
bought
some
orange
juice
but
now
I
can’t
find
it.
Do
you
know
where
it
is
M:
I
broke
the
bottle.
Didn’t
you
hear
the
crash
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6.
Which
bus
did
the
man
take
yesterday
A.
Number
7.
B.
Number
15.
C.
Both
of
them.
7.
How
far
will
the
woman
walk
if
she
takes
a
Number
15
bus
A.
Half
a
mile.
B.
One
mile.
C.
Two
miles.
【答案】6.
A
7.
C
【解析】
【原文】M:
Where
are
you
going,
Jane
W:
I’m
going
to
the
hospital
to
see
May.
M:
I
saw
her
yesterday.
She
was
a
little
better.
W:
Must
I
catch
a
Number
7
bus
to
get
there
M:
No,
you
needn’t.
A
Number
15
bus
will
also
take
you
to
the
hospital.
W:
Number
15
buses
run
much
more
frequently,
don’t
they
M:
Yes.
I
caught
a
Number
7
bus
yesterday,
and
I
had
to
wait
for
half
an
hour
at
the
bus
stop.
W:
Thank
you,
Henry.
I’ll
get
a
Number
15.
M:
But
Number
15
buses
leave
from
the
town
centre.You’ll
have
to
walk
two
miles
to
catch
one.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8.
What’s
the
weather
like
these
days
A.
Raining
all
the
time.
B.
Sunny
and
bright.
C.
Cloudy
and
windy.
9.
What
do
they
think
of
the
weather
A.
Not
too
bad.
B.
Terrible.
C.
Fine.
10.
How
about
the
weather
tomorrow
according
to
the
weatherman
A.
Sunny.
B.
Rainy.
C.
Cloudy.
【答案】8.
A
9.
B
10.
A
【解析】
【原文】W:What
a
terrible
day
it
is!
M:Yes,it
is
too
bad.
W:Is
the
weather
always
like
this
M:No,I
think
it
will
be
fine
soon.
W:I
hope
you
are
right.We
don’t
want
to
be
stuck
here
all
morning.
M:Quite
right.
W:What
is
the
weather
forecast
for
today
M:Rainy
in
the
morning
and
cloudy
in
the
afternoon.
W:It
has
been
raining
for
the
past
few
days.
M:I
don’t
think
weather
like
this
can
last
long.
W:Do
you
think
it
will
be
fine
tomorrow
M:Perhaps.The
weatherman
says
it
will
clear
up
tomorrow.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
Where
did
the
man
watch
the
movie
A.
At
a
friend’s
house.
B.
Downtown.
C.
At
a
nearby
cinema.
12.
How
did
the
man
like
the
movie
A.
It
was
excellent.
B.
It
was
absurd.
C.
It
wasn’t
worth
mentioning.
13.
Why
did
Dave
say
his
roommate
was
a
real
airhead
A.
He
thought
Titanic
was
a
Japanese
boat
during
World
War
Ⅱ.
B.
He
said
that
the
Japanese
won
the
war
using
a
boat
called
Titanic.
C.
He
believed
that
the
Japanese
sank
a
boat
called
Titanic.
14.
What
did
Dave
and
his
roommate
do
after
the
movie
A.
They
went
out
for
a
few
drinks.
B
They
watched
TV.
C.
They
talked
about
their
hobbies.
【答案】11.
B
12.
A
13.
C
14.
B
【解析】
【原文】W:
Hey,Dave.
How
was
your
weekend
M:
Not
bad.
I
went
downtown
to
watch
a
movie
with
my
roommate.
W:
How
was
it
M:
Oh,the
movie
was
wonderful,but
the
company
wasn’t.
W:
What
do
you
mean
M:
WellI
liked
the
movie,but
my
roommate
is
a
real
airhead.
We
started
talking
about
this
and
that,and
he
thought
Titanic
was
a
boat
the
Japanese
sank
during
World
War
Ⅱ.
W:
Oh,oh.
Not
a
very
bright
guy.
M:
Yeah,and
he’s
real
couch
potato.
He
invited
me
over
to
his
parents’
house
to
watch
TV.
Wow.
I
bet
watching
TV
is
his
only
hobby,but
he
sure
doesn’t
know
much.
W:
Too
bad.
Hey,do
you
want
to
go
out
and
get
something
to
drink It’s
pretty
early.
M:
Nah.
I’d
like
to
go
to
bed.
I
have
a
test
tomorrow
morning,and
I
want
to
be
ready
for
it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15.
What
is
the
woman
A.
A
saleswoman.
B.
A
student.
C.
A
bank
clerk.
16.
How
much
money
can
the
woman
get
per
month
all
together
A.
＄
760.
B.
＄1
260.
C.
＄2
160.
17.
What
does
the
man
advise
the
woman
to
do
A.
Work
more.
B.
Get
some
money
from
the
bank.
C.
Make
a
monthly
budget.
【答案】15.
B
16.
B
17.
C
【解析】
【原文】M:
Hi,
Carina.
Long
time
no
see.
Out
partying
every
night,
instead
of
studying,
huh
W:
Well,
not
recently!
Actually,
I
don’t
have
any
money
to
party
these
days.
M:
Hey,
I
thought
you
had
a
good
part-time
job
at
the
mall.
W:
I
do.
I
work
about
twenty
hours
a
week,
and
the
pay’s
not
bad,
nine
dollars
and
fifty
cents
an
hour.
M:
Really
So
that’s
seven
hundred
and
sixty
dollars
a
month.
Hey,
that’s
not
a
bad
income
for
a
student!
W:
I
know.
And
my
parents
send
me
five
hundred
dollars
a
month,
too.
But.
.
.
M:
But
you
can’t
live
on
that
W:
No.
I
only
manage
to
save
about
ten
dollars
a
month.
M:
It
sounds
like
you
have
a
budget
problem.
Simply,
either
work
more
or
spend
less.
W:
I’m
definitely
not
going
to
work
more.
M:
So
you’d
better
start
spending
less.
Why
don’t
you
make
a
monthly
budget
W:
A
budget
Hmm,
maybe.
.
.
Hey,
Tim,
you
majored
in
economics,
right
M:
Uh,
yeah.
.
.
W:
And
you
work
in
a
bank
now,
right
M:
Uh,
yeah,
why
W:
Well,
you’re
the
best
person
to
help
me
make
a
budget!
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18.
What
did
the
woman
do
immediately
after
she
woke
up
A.
She
looked
out
of
the
window.
B.
She
turned
on
the
TV.
C.
She
prepared
to
leave.
19.
What
was
the
weather
like
that
day
A.
Rainy.
B.
Sunny.
C.
Windy.
20.
What
can
we
know
from
the
passage
A.
The
woman
left
without
taking
anything.
B.
She
couldn’t
see
the
road
clearly
because
night
was
drawing
near.
C.
A
big
fire
broke
out
around
where
she
lived.
【答案】18.
B
19.
C
20.
C
【解析】
【原文】The
first
thing
I
did
when
I
woke
up
in
the
morning
was
watching
the
TV
news.
I
could
see
that
the
situation
was
bad.Outside
in
the
garden,I
couldn’t
see
the
sun,as
the
sky
was
full
of
smoke.
I
decided
I’d
better
leave.I
packed
a
suitcase
of
clothes
and
another
case
of
useful
things.It’s
difficult
in
this
kind
of
situation
to
decide
exactly
what
to
take
with
you.
Out
in
the
garden
the
sky
was
getting
blacker,and
the
wind
was
getting
stronger.I
got
into
my
car
and
drove
down
the
road.The
smoke
was
thick
and
at
times
it
was
difficult
to
see
the
road.Animals
were
running
across
the
road,trying
to
escape
the
fire.Five
miles
down
the
road
I
came
to
a
long
bridge.Only
when
I
was
on
the
other
side
did
I
know
I
was
safe.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Buzzwords
(流行词汇)
Splinternet
Europe
is
floating
regulation
that
could
impose
temporary
bans
on
US
tech
companies
that
violate
its
laws.
If
such
territorial
agreements
become
more
common,
the
globally-connected
Internet
we
know
will
more
like
what
some
have
called
the
“splinternet”,
or
a
collection
of
different
Internets
whose
limits
are
determined
by
national
or
regional
borders.
Cyberpunk
—Do
you
think
we
are
already
in
a
cyberpunk
age
—I
think
we
are.
Just
look
around
us,
we
are
enjoying
the
fruit
of
high
technology
when
we
order
almost
everything
at
our
fingertips.
But
the
people
delivering
the
products
can’t
even
have
a
decent
meal.
That’s
a
typical
“high
tech,
low
life”
contrast.
Mansplaining
—You
must
follow
my
instructions
to
complete
the
project.
Don’t
you
ever
screw
up.
—Stop
mansplaining,
OK
I’m
far
more
experienced
than
you.
Digital
natives
If
you
are
wondering
why
“Phone”
app
icon
is
designed
like
that
and
looks
almost
the
same
on
every
smartphone,
you
are
definitely
one
of
the
digital
natives
who
don’t
know
what
a
telephone
is.
Social
bankruptcy
Have
you
ever
found
it
extremely
exhausting
trying
to
maintain
a
balanced
relationship
with
all
your
social
media
friends
and
followers
Perhaps
it’s
time
that
you
go
social
bankruptcy.
Just
close
all
your
accounts
and
go
out
and
enjoy
the
sunshine.
21.
The
social
media
platform
Facebook
briefly
decided
to
prevent
Australian
users
from
sharing
new
links.
Which
word
is
most
relevant
to
this
affair
A.
Splinternet
B.
Mansplaining
C.
Digital
natives
D.
Social
bankruptcy
22.
Mencius
(孟子)
once
said:
“Disgust
for
someone
by
others
does
focus
on
his/her
pretending
to
be
others’
master.”
Which
word
means
the
same
thing
A.
Splinternet
B.
Cyberpunk
C.
Mansplaining
D.
Digital
natives
23.
Which
column
in
Teen
Space
Magazine
is
the
text
probably
from
A.
Preface
B.
Outlook
C.
Story
D.
Witticism
【答案】21.
A
22.
C
23.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些如今流行的流行词汇的含义。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Europe
is
floating
regulation
that
could
impose
temporary
bans
on
US
tech
companies
that
violate
its
laws.
If
such
territorial
agreements
become
more
common,
the
globally-connected
Internet
we
know
will
more
like
what
some
have
called
the
“splinternet”,
or
a
collection
of
different
Internets
whose
limits
are
determined
by
national
or
regional
borders.(欧洲正在实施一项浮动法规，可能对违反欧洲法律的美国科技公司实施临时禁令。
如果这样的领土协议变得更加普遍，我们所知道的全球互联互联网将更像一些人所说的“分裂互联网”，或不同互联网的集合，其界限由国家或地区边界决定)”可知，社交媒体平台Facebook暂时决定阻止澳大利亚用户分享新的链接，Splinternet与之相关。故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mansplaining部分中“—You
must
follow
my
instructions
to
complete
the
project.
Don’t
you
ever
screw
up.
—Stop
mansplaining,
OK
I’m
far
more
experienced
than
you.(——你必须按照我的指示完成这个项目。
千万别搞砸了。——停止好为人师好吗？我比你经验丰富多了)”可知，孟子说过“人之患在好为人师”与C选项“Mansplaining”意思是一样的。故选C。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Buzzwords
(流行词汇)”以及文章主要介绍了一些如今流行的流行词汇的含义，可推知，文章可能来自《青少年空间杂志》的“前景”专栏。故选B。
B
Everyone
is
afraid
of
something.
Maybe
you're
afraid
of
spiders,
or
heights,
or
dogs,
or
the
dark.
And
traditionally,
we’ve
thought
that's
because
you
learned
to
be
afraid.
Probably
because
you
had
a
bad
run-in
with
something
at
some
point.
But
there's
a
different
idea
out
there
that's
been
getting
more
attention
lately:
the
idea
that
fears
aren’t
just
learned
…they
also
can
be
inherited.
It
sounds
like
a
wild
idea.
How
do
you
inherit
something
as
abstract
as
fear
But
over
the
last
fifty
years,
researchers
have
been
studying
just
how
much
fears
have
to
do
with
inheritance
and
genetics.
And
their
results
have
been
kind
of
surprising.
In
this
work,
they’ve
put
a
lot
of
effort
into
understanding
one
extreme
kind
of
fear,
called
a
phobia.
To
get
a
sense
of
how
much
genes
influence
fear,
scientists
have
begun
looking
at
identical
twins.
Since
identical
twins
have
almost
the
same
DNA,
researchers
can
figure
out
how
heritable
a
fear
is
by
comparing
how
often
specific
phobias
appear
in
identical
twins
as
opposed
to
other
brothers
or
sisters.
Because
even
though
twins
often
have
lots
of
similar
experiences,
they
probably
don't
share
the
types
of
experiences
that
cause
phobias
—
like
getting
bitten
by
a
dog
or
falling
out
of
a
tree.
One
1998
study
of
659
pairs
of
identical
and
fraternal
twins
in
Australia
looked
at
how
many
had
a
fear
of
blood.
The
study
found
that
genetics
accounted
for
71
percent
of
the
variation
among
those
people,
meaning
genetic
factors
play
a
pretty
big
role
in
determining
whether
a
person
has
some
specific
fear.
A
2016
study
also
found
that
fear
of
dental
work
was
over
30
percent
heritable.
So,
if
you
are
afraid
of
going
to
the
dentist,
it
really
might
not
be
your
dentist's
fault.
Overall,
first-degree
relatives
of
people
with
phobias
are
more
likely
to
have
similar
phobias
than
people
with
no
family
history.
So,
it's
pretty
clear
that
phobias
are
heritable!
24.
What
does
the
author
mean
by
saying
the
underlined
sentence
in
Para.
2
A.
It's
unbelievable
that
people
can
inherit
something
so
abstract
like
fear.
B.
It's
surprising
that
people
know
so
little
about
inheritance
and
genetics.
C.
It's
natural
that
people
become
afraid
of
things
that
they
had
bad
experience
with.
D.
It's
interesting
that
people
arc
afraid
of
so
many
things
such
as
spiders
and
the
dark.
25.
Why
did
the
scientists
choose
identical
twins
as
their
test
subjects
A.
They
looks
very
much
alike.
B.
They
have
shared
experiences.
C.
They
have
similar
personalities.
D.
They
share
basically
the
same
DNA.
26.
What
did
the
author
try
to
prove
by
mentioning
the
studies
in
Para.
4
and
5
A.
Dentists
are
scary
to
many
kids.
B.
Most
people
have
some
kind
of
fear.
C.
Fear
of
blood
is
the
most
common
phobia.
D.
Fear
of
things
can
be
a
result
of
genetic
inheritance.
27.
Where
does
the
text
probably
come
from
A.
A
travel
brochure.
B.
A
science
talk
show.
C.
A
commercial
advertisement.
D.
A
history
book.
【答案】24.
A
25.
D
26.
D
27.
B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员发现人们能遗传像恐惧这样抽象的东西，介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。
【24题详解】
句意猜测题。根据画线词后文“How
do
you
inherit
something
as
abstract
as
fear
But
over
the
last
fifty
years,
researchers
have
been
studying
just
how
much
fears
have
to
do
with
inheritance
and
genetics.
And
their
results
have
been
kind
of
surprising.”可知，但在过去的50年里，研究人员一直在研究恐惧与遗传和基因有多大关系。他们的结果证明了人们能遗传像恐惧这样抽象的东西，这令人惊讶，故画线句意思是“令人难以置信的是，人们能遗传像恐惧这样抽象的东西”。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Since
identical
twins
have
almost
the
same
DNA,
researchers
can
figure
out
how
heritable
a
fear
is
by
comparing
how
often
specific
phobias
appear
in
identical
twins
as
opposed
to
other
brothers
or
sisters.(由于同卵双胞胎拥有几乎相同的DNA，研究人员可以通过比较特定恐惧症在同卵双胞胎和其他兄弟姐妹中出现的频率来了解恐惧的遗传程度)”可知，科学家选择同卵双胞胎作为他们的测试对象因为他们基本上拥有相同的DNA。
故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“One
1998
study
of
659
pairs
of
identical
and
fraternal
twins
in
Australia
looked
at
how
many
had
a
fear
of
blood.
The
study
found
that
genetics
accounted
for
71
percent
of
the
variation
among
those
people,
meaning
genetic
factors
play
a
pretty
big
role
in
determining
whether
a
person
has
some
specific
fear.(1998年的一项研究对澳大利亚659对同卵双胞胎和异卵双胞胎进行了研究，看有多少人害怕血。研究发现，基因在这些人的变异中占71%，这意味着基因因素在决定一个人是否有某种特定的恐惧方面发挥了相当大的作用)”以及第五段“A
2016
study
also
found
that
fear
of
dental
work
was
over
30
percent
heritable.
So,
if
you
are
afraid
of
going
to
the
dentist,
it
really
might
not
be
your
dentist's
fault.
Overall,
first-degree
relatives
of
people
with
phobias
are
more
likely
to
have
similar
phobias
than
people
with
no
family
history.
(2016年的一项研究还发现，对牙医的恐惧超过30%是遗传的。所以，如果你害怕去看牙医，这可能不是你牙医的错。总的来说，有恐惧症的人的一级亲属比没有家族史的人更有可能有类似的恐惧症)”可推知，作者通过提到第4和第5段的研究试图证明恐惧可能是遗传的结果。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But
there's
a
different
idea
out
there
that's
been
getting
more
attention
lately:
the
idea
that
fears
aren’t
just
learned
…they
also
can
be
inherited.(但最近有一种不同的观点得到了更多的关注：恐惧不仅仅是后天习得的……它们也可以遗传)”结合文章主要说明了研究人员发现人们能遗传像恐惧这样抽象的东西，介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。可推知，文章可能来自科学谈话节目。故选B。
C
Dr.
Melissa
D.
Young
is
a
chemist
and
Certified
Diabetes
Educator
at
the
American
Association
of
Diabetes
Educators
who
holds
a
very
personal
interest
in
advocating
for
annual
flu
vaccination
(预防接种).
Twelve
years
ago,
her
mother
passed
away
after
a
flu
infection.
Young’s
mother
had
a
chronic
(慢性的)
lung
condition,
but
she
had
refused
to
get
a
flu
vaccine
because
she
mistakenly
thought
it
would
make
her
suffer
from
the
flu.
It’s
a
sad,
but
all
too
common
story.
According
to
data
collected
by
the
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention,
of
US
adults
who
were
hospitalized
for
flu
infection
in
2018-2019
with
additional
information
available,
93
percent
had
at
least
one
medical
condition.
In
the
US,
nearly
half
of
all
adults
aged
45-64
years,
and
80
percent
of
those
aged
65
years
and
older,
have
multiple
chronic
health
conditions
that
put
them
at
high
risk
for
flu-related
complications,
including
heart
attack,
stroke,
hospitalization,
and
even
death.
To
address
this
public
health
threat,
the
medical
community
is
working
together
to
protect
the
most
vulnerable
(易受伤害的)
patients.
Flu
viruses
cause
a
reaction
that
can
last
for
several
weeks
following
serious
infection.
This
flu-related
reaction
can
make
existing
chronic
conditions
worse,
including
heart
disease,
lung
disease
and
diabetes.
Additionally,
adults
with
diabetes
were
six
times
more
likely
to
be
hospitalized
and
three
times
more
likely
to
die
from
flu-related
complications
than
people
without
diabetes.
Yet
there
remains
low
awareness
of
the
importance
of
annual
flu
vaccination
for
adults
with
chronic
health
conditions.
Despite
the
abundance
of
public
health
guidance
urging
people
to
get
vaccinated
each
year,
increasing
flu
vaccination
rates
has
proven
extremely
difficult.
Vaccination
coverage
among
adults
has
increased
slightly
over
the
past
decade,
but
remains
about
40
percent,
leaving
more
than
half
of
US
adults
vulnerable
each
year.
28.
Why
does
the
author
mention
Young’s
mother
in
paragraph
1
A.
To
summarize
the
following
paragraphs.
B.
To
introduce
the
topic
of
the
text.
C.
To
show
the
background
of
the
story.
D.
To
provide
some
advice
for
readers.
29.
What
do
we
know
about
flu
infection
and
chronic
conditions
A.
They
influence
each
other.
B.
They
exist
mainly
in
America.
C.
They
hardly
happen
to
the
young.
D.
They
are
the
main
reasons
for
death.
30.
What
attitude
do
most
American
adults
have
towards
flu
vaccination
A.
Positive.
B.
Flexible.
C.
Uncertain.
D.
Uncaring.
31.
What
may
be
the
best
title
for
the
text
A.
The
benefits
of
flu
vaccination
B.
Flu
infection
is
increasing
in
the
USA
C.
Flu
infection
is
a
threat
for
American
adults
D.
The
difficulty
in
carrying
out
flu
vaccination
【答案】28.
B
29.
A
30.
D
31.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国流感的严重性以及美国成年人不重视预防流感和接种疫苗。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’s
a
sad,
but
all
too
common
story.
(这是一个令人悲伤但又非常普遍的故事)”以及最后一段“Yet
there
remains
low
awareness
of
the
importance
of
annual
flu
vaccination
for
adults
with
chronic
health
conditions.
(然而，对于患有慢性疾病的成年人每年接种流感疫苗的重要性，人们的认识仍然很低)”可推知，作者在第一段提到杨的母亲是为了引出文章的主题。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“have
multiple
chronic
health
conditions
that
put
them
at
high
risk
for
flu-related
complications,
including
heart
attack,
stroke,
hospitalization,
and
even
death
(患有多种慢性疾病，这使他们面临着心脏病、中风、住院甚至死亡等流感相关并发症的高风险)”以及第四段“This
flu-related
reaction
can
make
existing
chronic
conditions
worse,
including
heart
disease,
lung
disease
and
diabetes.
(这种与流感相关的反应会使现有的慢性疾病恶化，包括心脏病、肺病和糖尿病)”可推知，流感感染和慢性病相互影响。故选A项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Vaccination
coverage
among
adults
has
increased
slightly
over
the
past
decade,
but
remains
about
40
percent,
leaving
more
than
half
of
US
adults
vulnerable
each
year.
(在过去十年中，成年人的疫苗接种率略有上升，但仍保持在40%左右，每年有超过一半的美国成年人易受感染)”可推知，大多数美国成年人对流感疫苗接种的态度是不关注的。故选D项。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第二段“US
adults
who
were
hospitalized
for
flu
infection
in
2018-2019
with
additional
information
available,
93
percent
had
at
least
one
medical
condition.
(在2018-2019年因流感感染住院的美国成年人中，93%的人至少有一种疾病)”以及第三段“In
the
US,
nearly
half
of
all
adults
aged
45-64
years,
and
80
percent
of
those
aged
65
years
and
older,
have
multiple
chronic
health
conditions
that
put
them
at
high
risk
for
flu-related
complications
(在美国，近一半的45-64岁成年人以及80%的65岁及以上的成年人患有多种慢性疾病，这些疾病使他们面临流感相关并发症的高风险)”可推知，本文主要介绍了流感感染对美国成年人的威胁性之高。C项“流感感染对美国成年人是一种威胁”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。
D
The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
a
strange
and
wild
region,
quite
different
from
the
familiar
and
mostly
smooth
face
we
see
nightly
from
our
planet.
Soon
this
rough
space
will
have
even
stranger
features:
it
will
be
crowded
with
radio
telescopes.
Astronomers
are
planning
to
make
the
moon's
distant
side
our
newest
and
best
window
on
the
cosmic(宇宙的)
dark
ages,
a
mysterious
era
hiding
early
marks
of
stars
and
galaxies.
Our
universe
was
not
always
filled
with
stars.
About
380,000
years
after
the
big
bang,
the
universe
cooled,
and
the
first
atoms
of
hydrogen
formed.
Gigantic
hydrogen
clouds
soon
filled
the
universe.
But
for
a
few
hundred
million
years,
everything
remained
dark,
without
stars.
Then
came
the
cosmic
dawn:
the
first
stars
flickered,
galaxies
came
into
existence
and
slowly
the
universe's
large scale
structure
took
shape.
The
seeds
of
this
structure
must
have
been
present
in
the
dark age
hydrogen
clouds,
but
the
era
has
been
impossible
to
probe
using
optical(光学的)
telescopes—there
was
no
light.
And
although
this
hydrogen
produced
long wavelength(or
low frequency)
radio
emissions,radio
telescopes
on
Earth
have
found
it
nearly
impossible
to
detect
them.
Our
atmosphere
either
blocks
or
disturbs
these
faint
signals;
those
that
get
through
are
drowned
out
by
humanity's
radio
noise.
Scientists
have
dreamed
for
decades
of
studying
the
cosmic
dark
ages
from
the
moon's
far
side.
Now
multiple
space
agencies
plan
lunar
missions
carrying
radio wave detecting
instruments—some
within
the
next
three
years—and
astronomers'
dreams
are
set
to
become
reality.
“If
I
were
to
design
an
ideal
place
to
do
low frequency
radio
astronomy,
I
would
have
to
build
the
moon,”
says
astrophysicist
Jack
Burns
of
the
University
of
Colorado
Boulder.
“We
are
just
now
finally
getting
to
the
place
where
we're
actually
going
to
be
putting
these
telescopes
down
on
the
moon
in
the
next
few
years.”
32.
What's
the
purpose
of
building
radio
telescopes
on
the
moon
A.
To
research
the
big
bang.
B.
To
discover
unknown
stars.
C.
To
study
the
cosmic
dark
ages.
D.
To
observe
the
far
side
of
the
moon.
33.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“probe”
in
Paragraph
3
possibly
mean
A.
Explore.
B.
Evaluate.
C.
Produce.
D.
Predict.
34.
Hydrogen
radio
emissions
can't
be
detected
on
Earth
because
________．
A.
there
was
no
light
in
the
dark
ages
B.
they
cannot
possibly
get
through
our
atmosphere
C.
gigantic
hydrogen
clouds
no
longer
fill
the
universe
D.
radio
signals
on
Earth
cause
too
much
interference
35.
What
can
we
infer
from
the
underlined
sentence
in
the
last
paragraph
A.
Scientists
have
to
rebuild
the
moon.
B.
We
will
finally
get
to
the
moon's
distant
side.
C.
The
moon
is
a
perfect
place
to
set
up
radio
telescopes.
D.
A
favorable
research
environment
will
be
found
on
the
moon.
【答案】32.
C
33.
A
34.
D
35.
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们想要在月球背面架设射电望远镜，以此来研究宇宙暗黑纪元。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“The
far
side
of
the
moon
is
a
strange
and
wild
region,
quite
different
from
the
familiar
and
mostly
smooth
face
we
see
nightly
from
our
planet.
Soon
this
rough
space
will
have
even
stranger
features:
it
will
be
crowded
with
radio
telescopes.（月球的背面是一个奇怪而狂野的区域，与我们每晚从地球上看到的熟悉而平滑的面孔大不相同。很快，这个粗糙的空间将会有更加奇特的特征:
它将被射电望远镜所包围。）”可知，月球的远端很快就要被射电望远镜所包围；而根据第四段“Scientists
have
dreamed
for
decades
of
studying
the
cosmic
dark
ages
from
the
moon's
far
side.（几十年来，科学家们一直梦想着从月球的背面研究宇宙的暗黑纪元。）”可知，科学家们想通过研究月球的背面来研究宇宙的黑暗纪元。由以上可以推出，架设电望远镜的目的是研究宇宙的黑暗纪元。故选C项。
【33题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词部分“The
seeds
of
this
structure
must
have
been
present
in
the
dark age
hydrogen
clouds,
but
the
era
has
been
impossible
to
probe
using
optical(光学的)
telescopes—there
was
no
light.（这种结构的种子一定存在于黑暗纪元的氢云中，但是这个时代不可能用光学望远镜来probe
——那里没有光。）”中的there
was
no
light解释了不能用光学望远镜的原因。且根据后文“And
although
this
hydrogen
produced
long wavelength
(or
low frequency)
radio
emissions,
radio
telescopes
on
Earth
have
found
it
nearly
impossible
to
detect
them.（尽管这种氢气产生了长波长(或低频率)的电辐射，但地球上的射电望远镜已经发现几乎不可能探测到它们。）”中detect即为“探测”之意。前后对应，probe应为“探测”之意，意同“explore”。故选A项。
34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Our
atmosphere
either
blocks
or
disturbs
these
faint
signals;
those
that
get
through
are
drowned
out
by
humanity's
radio
noise.（我们的大气层要么阻碍或干扰这些微弱的信号；那些通过的信号被人类的无线电噪声所淹没。）”中的humanity's
radio
noise可知，检测不到射电辐射的原因是，地球上的无线电信号造成了太多的干扰。故选D项。
【35题详解】
判断推理题。根据第四段“Scientists
have
dreamed
for
decades
of
studying
the
cosmic
dark
ages
from
the
moon's
far
side.（几十年来，科学家们一直梦想着从月球的背面研究宇宙的暗黑纪元。）”和最后一段““We
are
just
now
finally
getting
to
the
place
where
we're
actually
going
to
be
putting
these
telescopes
down
on
the
moon
in
the
next
few
years.”（
“我们未来几年将把这些望远镜放在月球上的地方。”）”可推知，划线部分的意思是月球是架设射电望远镜的理想场所。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Making
the
Most
of
the
Present
We've
all
been
asked
that
question
"Where
do
you
see
yourself
in
5
or
10
years ”
and
while
some
of
us
might
have
the
answers
to
that,
the
reality
is,
most
of
us
don't
and
that
is
totally
OK.
____36____
We've
put
together
the
below
tips
on
how
to
enjoy
living
in
the
moment.
Stop
worrying
about
what
hasn't
happened
yet.
We've
all
done
it.
Worrying
about
a
situation
that
hasn't
happened
yet
is
only
going
to
ruin
all
the
good
things
that
are
happening
now.
If
you
focus
on
the
future
too
much,
it
makes
the
present
irrelevant.
____37____
If
it
is
really
eating
you
up,
try
thinking
about
what
you
can
do
right
now
to
avoid
any
negative
situations
you
might
be
worried
about.
____38____
It
is
so
easy
to
get
caught
up
in
other
people's
lives
and
compare
your
achievements
to
theirs,
so
if
you
find
yourself
doubting
your
achievements
and
feeling
less
than
someone
because
they
have
a
nicer
car
or
a
better
job,
take
a
step
away
from
them
for
a
while
until
you
no
longer
feel
negatively
about
the
differences
in
your
lives
and
achievements.
Better
mood,
better
life.
Put
yourself
first
and
stop
trying
to
please
everyone
else.
____39____
And
looking
after
yourself
before
anyone
else
is
the
most
important.
Work
towards
the
goals
you
want
to
achieve,
not
the
ones
others
want
you
to
achieve
or
the
ones
you
think
you
should
be
achieving
because
society
tells
us
too.
If
you
don't
want
to
get
married,
that's
OK,
and
if
you
do,
that's
OK
too.
____40____
A.
No
one
is
better
than
you.
B
You
are
your
own
number
one.
C.
Just
make
sure
that
anything
you
do,
is
done
for
you!
D.
Stop
being
influenced
by
popular
and
influential
people.
E.
Surround
yourself
with
people
that
make
you
feel
better.
F.
What
will
be,
will
be
and
stressing
about
something
isn't
going
to
change
that.
G.
Thinking
ahead
is
important
but
it
can
often
be
the
cause
of
unnecessary
stress.
【答案】36.
G
37.
F
38.
E
39.
B
40.
C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文就话题“怎样抓住当下，过好当下”进行陈述并给出了三个方面的建议。
【36题详解】
根据上文“We've
all
been
asked
that
question
"Where
do
you
see
yourself
in
5
or
10
years ”and
while
some
of
us
might
have
the
answers
to
that,
the
reality
is,
most
of
us
don't
and
that
is
totally
OK.(我们都被问到过这个问题:“你认为自己在5年或10年后会发展到什么地步 ”虽然有些人可能知道答案，但事实是，大多数人都不知道，这也没什么)”和下文“We've
put
together
the
below
tips
on
how
to
enjoy
living
in
the
moment.(我们整理了下面这些如何享受当下的小贴士)”可知，空处承上启下，说明提前考虑会带来压力。G项“提前考虑是很重要的，但它往往会导致不必要的压力”符合语境。故选G。
【37题详解】
本段主题句为“Stop
worrying
about
what
hasn't
happened
yet.(不要担心还没有发生的事情)”可知，本段主要说明不要为将来担心，F项中“What
will
be,
will
be”与之对应。F项“将来会怎样，会怎样，为某事感到压力不会改变它”符合语境。故选F。
【38题详解】
设空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Better
mood,
better
life.(好心情，好生活)”可知，E项中“make
you
feel
better.”与之对应。E项“和让你感觉更好的人在一起”符合语境。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Put
yourself
first
and
stop
trying
to
please
everyone
else.(把自己放在第一位，不要试图取悦其他人)”可知，本段主要强调的是自己是最重要的。B项“你就是你自己的第一”符合语境。故选B。
【40题详解】
该自然段主题句为“Put
yourself
first
and
stop
trying
to
please
everyone
else(把自己放在第一位，不要试图取悦其他人)”设空在文段最后一句，总结该文段意思。C项“只要确保你做的任何事，都是为你做的！”符合语境。故选C。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Gone
are
the
days
when
big
businesses
were
looked
upon
by
environmentalists
as
enemies
in
the
fight
against
global
warming.
Just
two
weeks
after
U.
S.
President
Donald
Trump
pulled
his
country
out
of
the
Paris
Climate
Agreement,
more
than
900
American
firms
put
their
___41___to
a
“We
Are
Still
In”
open
letter
to
the
United
Nations.
Together,
they
promise
to
help
reduce
America’s
carbon
emissions
by
26
percent
by
2025,
___42___the
Paris
Climate
Agreement.
___43___,
big
businesses
have
been
taking
climate
change
seriously
for
years
now.
Alongside
energy-efficiency
measures,
the
strongest
evidence
of
their
___44___has
been
the
number
of
new
wind
and
solar
projects
that
they
have
been
helping
to
build
around
the
world.
IT
firms
such
as
Amazon
and
Google
have
been
using
clean
energy
to
power
their
servers
(服务器).
Some
environmentalists
now
believe
that
big
businesses
could
become
strong
___45___behind
the
worldwide
spread
of
renewable
energy.
“There
used
to
be
little
action,”
says
Marty
Spitzer
of
the
World
Wildlife
Fund
(WWF),
“Now,
I
see
fundamental
___46___being
made.”
More
recently,
this
enthusiasm
for
environmental
protection
has
___47___from
corporate
headquarters
to
branches
and
suppliers,
and
from
developed
countries
to
emerging
markets.
Take
Walmart,
the
world’s
largest
retailer,
for
example.
In
March
2016,
it
said
that
it
would
require
its
own
operations
and
those
along
its
___48___chain
to
reduce
carbon-dioxide
emissions
by
one
billion
tons
by
2030.
This
is
___49___to
taking
211
million
passenger
cars
off
America’s
roads
for
a
year.
The
announcement
was
____50____by
the
WWF
and
other
conservation
organizations,
which
are
helping
Walmart’s
suppliers
work
towards
this
goal.
Apple,
maker
of
the
iPhone,
has
said
that
seven
of
its
biggest
global
manufacturers
have
promised
to
power
their
Apple-related
____51____with
renewable
energy
by
the
end
of
this
year.
According
to
the
WWF,
in
the
United
States
alone,
nearly
two
dozen
of
the
biggest
firms
have
committed
themselves
to
becoming
100
percent
renewable
in
the
near
future.
Hervé
Touati
of
the
Rocky
Mountain
Institute,
a
clean-energy
research
firm,
explains
the
____52____behind
this
trend.
Going
green
improves
the
companies’
public
image
and
helps
attract
customers,
staff
and
investors.
Anheuser-Busch
InBev,
the
world’s
biggest
brewer
(啤酒公司),
has
lots
of
young
people
among
its
many
____53____.
Many
of
them
take
environmental
issues
seriously.
Electricity,
used
____54____in
the
brewing
process,
amounts
to
a
tenth
of
its
total
costs.
Last
year,
the
company
set
out
to
increase
the
role
of
renewables
in
generating
____55____to
100
percent
by
2025.
“My
generation
often
takes
energy
and
clean
air
for
granted,”
said
Tony
Milikin,
the
firm’s
chief
sustainability
officer.
“The
generation
coming
up
now
looks
at
it
totally
differently.”
41.
A.
posters
B.
innovations
C.
names
D.
donations
42.
A.
for
fear
of
B.
by
means
of
C.
in
line
with
D.
on
account
of
43.
A.
In
fact
B.
On
average
C.
By
contrast
D.
In
addition
44.
A.
assessment
B.
commitment
C.
argument
D.
attachment
45.
A.
predictors
B.
features
C.
cases
D.
forces
46.
A.
changes
B.
profits
C.
mistakes
D.
differences
47.
A.
transferred
B.
ranged
C.
processed
D.
extended
48.
A.
food
B.
store
C.
supply
D.
data
49.
A.
opposite
B.
equivalent
C.
accustomed
D.
second
50.
A.
criticized
B.
issued
C.
welcomed
D.
underlined
51.
A.
content
B.
accounts
C.
activities
D.
production
52.
A.
inspirations
B.
motivations
C.
destinations
D.
functions
53.
A.
manufacturers
B.
investors
C.
customers
D.
administrators
54.
A.
considerably
B.
skillfully
C.
economically
D.
occasionally
55.
A.
heat
B.
wind
C.
water
D.
power
【答案】41.
C
42.
C
43.
A
44.
B
45.
D
46.
A
47.
D
48.
C
49.
B
50.
C
51.
D
52.
B
53.
C
54.
A
55.
D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了现在许多大企业转变了角色，发生了根本性的变化。由从前加速全球变暖，到现在采用节能和可再生能源等措施改善环境，认真对待气候变化的问题。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普退出巴黎气候协议两周后，900多家美国公司向联合国签名和提交了一封题为“我们还在”的公开信。A.
posters海报；B.
innovations创新；C.
names名字；D.
donations捐赠。根据“to
a
“We
Are
Still
In”
open
letter
to
the
United
Nations”可知900多家美国公司签名了“我们还在”这封公开信。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：他们共同承诺到2025年帮助美国减少26%的碳排放，符合《巴黎气候协定》。A.
for
fear
of为了避免，以免；B.
by
means
of借助于，依靠；C.
in
line
with符合，与......一致；D.
on
account
of由于，因为。根据“the
Paris
Climate
Agreement”可知他们的共同承诺符合《巴黎气候协定》。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，大企业多年来一直在认真对待气候变化问题。A.
In
fact事实上；B.
On
average平均，通常；C.
By
contrast对比，相比之下；D.
In
addition另外，此外。根据“big
businesses
have
been
taking
climate
change
seriously
for
years
now”可知是一个事实。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了节能措施之外，他们在世界各地帮助建设的新风能和太阳能项目的数量，也是证明他们承诺的最有力证据。A.
assessment评价，鉴定；B.
commitment承诺，保证；C.
argument争吵，论据；D.
attachment附件，依恋。根据上文“Together,
they
promise
to
help
reduce
America’s
carbon
emissions
by
26
percent
by
2025”可知是证明他们承诺的最有力证据。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些环保人士现在认为，大企业可能成为全球推广可再生能源的强大力量。A.
predictors预报器；B.
features特征，产品特点；C.
cases情况，案例；D.
forces力量，势力。根据上文“IT
firms
such
as
Amazon
and
Google
have
been
using
clean
energy
to
power
their
servers
(服务器).”可知大企业可能成为全球推广可再生能源的强大力量。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界野生动物基金会的马蒂 斯皮策(Marty
Spitzer)说：“过去几乎没有什么行动，但现在，我看到了根本性的变化。”A.
changes变化，改变；B.
profits收益；C.
mistakes错误；D.
differences差异，偏差。根据“There
used
to
be
little
action”和“Now”可知现在他看到了根本性的变化。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，这种环保热情已经从企业总部扩展到分支机构和供应商，从发达国家扩展到新兴市场。A.
transferred转移；B.
ranged变化，包括；C.
processed加工，审核；D.
extended延长，扩充。根据“from
corporate
headquarters
to
branches
and
suppliers,
and
from
developed
countries
to
emerging
markets”可知这种环保热情已经从企业总部扩展到分支机构和供应商，从发达国家扩展到新兴市场。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年3月，该公司表示，到2030年，它将要求自己的业务和供应链沿线的业务减少10亿吨二氧化碳排放。A.
food食物；B.
store商店；C.
supply供应；D.
data数据。根据上文“from
corporate
headquarters
to
branches
and
suppliers”可知该公司表示，到2030年，它将要求自己的业务和供应链沿线的业务减少10亿吨二氧化碳排放。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这相当于美国公路上的2.11亿辆乘用车减少了一年。A.
opposite对立的，相反的；B.
equivalent相等的，等价的；C.
accustomed习惯的；D.
second第二的。根据“to
taking
211
million
passenger
cars
off
America’s
roads
for
a
year”和上文“to
reduce
carbon-dioxide
emissions
by
one
billion
tons
by
2030”可知这相当于美国公路上的2.11亿辆乘用车减少了一年。短语be
equivalent
to“等（同）于，相等（当）于......”。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：该声明受到了世界自然基金会和其他环保组织的欢迎，它们正在帮助沃尔玛的供应商实现这一目标。A.
criticized批评；B.
issued发布；C.
welcomed欢迎；D.
underlined在......下划线，强调。根据“which
are
helping
Walmart’s
suppliers
work
towards
this
goal”可知该声明受到了世界自然基金会和其他环保组织的欢迎。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：iPhone制造商苹果(Apple)表示，其全球最大的七家制造商已承诺在今年年底前，用可再生能源为与苹果相关的生产提供动力。A.
content内容；B.
accounts账目，账号；C.
activities活动；D.
production产品，成果。根据“Apple,
maker
of
the
iPhone,
has
said
that…”可知用可再生能源为与苹果相关的生产提供动力。故选D。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hervé
Touati来自清洁能源研究公司落基山研究所，他解释了这种趋势背后的动机。A.
inspirations启示，灵感；B.
motivations动机；C.
destinations目的地，终点；D.
functions功能。根据“explains”和下文“Going
green
improves
the
companies’
public
image
and
helps
attract
customers,
staff
and
investors.”可知Hervé
Touati解释了这种趋势背后的动机。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界上最大的啤酒酿造商百威英博的客户中有很多年轻人。A.
manufacturers制造商；B.
investors投资者；C.
customers顾客，客户；D.
administrators管理员。根据“has
lots
of
young
people”可知百威英博的客户中有很多年轻人。故选C。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在酿造过程中，电力消耗相当大，占总成本的十分之一。A.
considerably相当地，非常；B.
skillfully巧妙地；C.
economically经济地；D.
occasionally偶尔。根据“amounts
to
a
tenth
of
its
total
costs”可知在酿造过程中，电力消耗相当大。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年，该公司开始将可再生能源在发电中的作用提高到2025年的100%。A.
heat高温，压力，热烈；B.
wind风；C.
water水；D.
power力量，能力。根据上文“Electricity,
used
14 in
the
brewing
process”可知去年该公司开始将可再生能源在发电中的作用提高到2025年的100%。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填写适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
___56___
(doubt),
Earth
is
becoming
warmer
and
there
is
strong
evidence
of
___57___
causes
the
dramatic
change
in
the
global
climate.
Actually,
the
“greenhouse
effect”
is
___58___
(blame).
The
rise
in
temperature
has
___59___
(lead)
to
an
increase
in
extreme
weather
and
natural
disasters
worldwide,
not
only
___60___
(cause)
serious
damage,
but
also
costing
human
lives.
To
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions,
governments
need
to
consider
making
policies
and
___61___
(take)
appropriate
actions
and
measures
while
we
as
individuals
can
also
reduce
our
“carbon
footprint”
by
restricting
the
amount
of
carbon
dioxide
our
lifestyle
produce.
China
___62___
(make)
great
progress
in
space
programme
in
recent
years,
including
Yang
Liwei’s
successfully
orbiting
Earth
in
the
Shenzhou
5
spacecraft
in
2003
and
Chang’e
4’s
exploring
the
surface
of
the
far
side
of
the
moon
to
make
___63___
(measure)
and
observations.
The
future
of
space
exploration
remains
bright.
___64___
the
difficulties,
scientists
hope
future
discoveries
will
not
only
enables
us
____65____
(understand)
how
the
universe
began,
but
also
help
us
survive
well
into
the
future.
【答案】56.
Undoubtedly
57.
what
58.
to
blame
59.
led
60.
causing
61.
taking
62.
has
made
63.
measurements
64.
Despite
65.
to
understand
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。以及近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。修饰后文整个句子应用副词，表示“毫无疑问”应用undoubtedly，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Undoubtedly。
【57题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：毫无疑问，地球正在变暖，有强有力的证据表明是什么导致了全球气候的剧烈变化。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”应用what引导。故填what。
【58题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：事实上，“温室效应”是罪魁祸首。结合句意表示“应被责备”可知短语为be
to
blame。故填to
blame。
【59题详解】
考查时态。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。根据上文“The
rise
in
temperature
has”可知为现在完成时，空处应用过去分词。故填led。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：全球气温上升导致极端天气和自然灾害增多，不仅造成严重破坏，还造成人员伤亡。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语extreme
weather
and
natural
disasters构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填causing。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了减少温室气体排放，政府需要考虑制定政策并采取适当的行动和措施，而我们作为个人也可以通过限制我们的生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。结合句意表示“考虑做某事”可知短语为consider
doing
sth.。故填taking。
【62题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。根据后文“in
recent
years”可知应用现在完成时，主语为China，助动词用has。故填has
made。
【63题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：近年来，中国在太空计划方面取得了巨大的进步，包括2003年杨利伟成功地乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地飞行，以及嫦娥四号探索月球背面进行测量和观察。空处作宾语，表示“测量”应用名词measurement，结合后文observations可知应用复数。故填measurements。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“尽管”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词despite，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Despite。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管困难重重，科学家们希望未来的发现不仅能让我们了解宇宙是如何开始的，还能帮助我们在未来很好地生存下去。结合句意表示“使某人能做某事”短语为enable
sb.
to
do
sth.。故填to
understand。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66.
假定你是李华，你的外教
Mr
While
对中国传统节日中秋节很感兴趣，他来信向你请教“中秋节”及这个节日里的主要活动。你回信介绍这个节日。内容包括：
(1)它是中国的传统节日之一；
(2)家人团聚；
(3)赏月、吃月饼；
(4)还有旅游、访友等其他活动。
注意：词数
80
左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】Dear
Mr.
While,
I
am
more
than
delighted
to
learn
that
you
show
great
interest
in
Chinese
Mid-autumn
Festival.
Now
I’m
writing
to
tell
you
something
about
it
in
detail.
The
Mid-autumn
Festival
falls
on
the
15th
of
the
eighth
month
of
our
Chinese
lunar
calendar.
As
one
of
the
traditional
Chinese
festivals,
it
has
been
enjoying
great
popularity
for
celebration
of
family
reunion.
With
the
beautiful
moon
up
in
the
sky,
we
sit
together
and
eat
mooncakes
and
fruit,
sharing
our
stories.
In
addition
to
these
traditional
activities,
we
have
a
range
of
choices
such
as
traveling
and
visiting
our
relatives
and
friends.
I’m
looking
forward
to
your
arrival
and
joining
me
in
experiencing
it
together.
Yours,
Li
Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外教
Mr
While写一封回信，介绍中国传统节日中秋节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted
→happy/glad
对……感兴趣：show
interest
in
→be
interested
in
团聚：reunion
→get
together
除……之外：in
addition
to
=besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As
one
of
the
traditional
Chinese
festivals,
it
has
been
enjoying
great
popularity
for
celebration
of
family
reunion.
拓展句：Because
the
Mid-Autumn
festival
is
one
of
China's
traditional
festivals,
it
has
been
enjoying
great
popularity
for
celebration
of
family
reunion.
【点睛】[高分句型1]
I
am
more
than
delighted
to
learn
that
you
show
great
interest
in
Chinese
Mid-autumn
Festival.
(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
With
the
beautiful
moon
up
in
the
sky,
we
sit
together
and
eat
mooncakes
and
fruit,
sharing
our
stories.
(运用了现在分词作状语)
第二节（满分25分）
67.
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It
was
a
very
hot
afternoon.
My
friend
Leah
and
I
were
waiting
for
the
rush
hour
train.
We
were
tired
and
couldn’t
wait
to
get
back
to
the
place
where
we
were
living.
When
the
train
arrived,
we
got
into
the
second
carriage
from
the
front.
The
air-conditioning
wasn’t
working
at
the
rear
(后部),
so
the
front
was
particularly
crowded
that
day.
I
sat
by
the
window
admiring
the
changing
landscape.
Suddenly
we
felt
enormous
pressure
pushing
us
backwards
into
our
seats.
The
windows
broke
into
tiny
pieces
and
dust
flew
around
violently.
I
could
barely
open
my
eyes.
The
train
was
suffering
from
a
crash,
and
it
didn’t
feel
as
if
it
were
going
to
stop.
I
thought
I
would
be
dead.
I
thought
about
my
husband
Guy,
who
was
supposed
to
receive
the
news
first.
I
thought
of
my
dear
father
and
other
family
members,
wondering
how
each
would
deal
with
my
death.
Voices
began
to
break
through
my
thoughts.
People
were
anxious.
Strangely,
I
was
totally
calm.
I
wasn’t
panicking;
my
heart
wasn’t
even
beating
fast.
When
the
train
finally
stopped,
we
slowly
stood
up,
pushing
off
the
table
that
had
fallen
onto
us;
others
stayed
in
their
seats
and
many
were
injured
and
covered
in
blood.
I
could
hear
screaming.
A
soldier
pushed
the
damaged
door
open
for
us
to
escape.
Our
carriage
had
run
out
of
rails
and
we
were
halfway
home.
We
had
a
lot
of
blood
on
us
and
I
searched
my
body
for
wounds,
but
I
didn’t
find
any.
My
knees
felt
painful
and
my
hips
were
black
and
blue,
and
Leah
had
her
hand
cut
when
jumping
off
the
train,
but
that
wasn’t
serious.
Helicopters
landed
and
we
saw
soldiers
running
in
and
out.
All
around
us
were
ambulances
(救护车)
and
people
lying
on
the
ground.
Everyone
was
shouting
for
help.
I
rang
Guy,
who
was
very
calm
and
said
he
would
come
and
get
us.
Seeing
all
these
brought
me
great
emotional
hurt.
Paragraph
1:
It
was
almost
dark
by
the
time
we
found
Guy
and
he
drove
us
home.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph
2:
In
the
days
that
followed,
I
convinced
myself
I
had
internal
bleeding.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph
1:
It
was
almost
dark
by
the
time
we
found
Guy
and
he
drove
us
home.
Slowly
I
realized
what
we
had
just
been
through.
My
father
arrived
later
to
find
me
unable
to
eat,
sleep
or
talk,
in
a
condition
of
confusion
and
fear.
Why
wasn’t
I
injured
Why
did
I
survive
I
think
it
was
a
mixture
of
luck
and
that
we
fastened
our
safety
belts,
so
the
force
of
the
crash
pushed
us
into
our
seats,
rather
than
across
the
train.
Paragraph
2:
In
the
days
that
followed,
I
convinced
myself
I
had
internal
bleeding.
I
went
to
hospital,
but
doctors
told
me
that
I
was
fine;
I
think
it
was
just
part
of
the
emotional
hurt
I
was
feeling.
I
had
survived
one
of
the
worst
ever
train
crashes
—
eight
people
died
and
at
least
200
were
injured
in
that
train
crash.
But
I
did
escape
from
the
terrible
disaster
fortunately.
Even
now,
no
one
knows
why
it
happened.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和她的朋友乘坐火车时遭遇的一起严重的事故。这起事故给作者带来了巨大的情感伤害。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们发现Guy的时候，天已经快黑了，他开车送我们回家”可知，第一段可描写作者劫后余生的感受和家人们的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的日子里，我确信自己有内出血”可知，第二段可描写作者去医院检查的经过和结果。
2.续写线索：发现Guy——开车回家——作者劫后余生的感受——作者去医院检查——检查经过和结果——作者感悟
3词汇激活
行为类
意识到：realize/
be
aware
of
到达：arrive/
get
to
确信：convince/
assure
情绪类
情感：emotional
/
spiritual
可怕：terrible
/
horrible
【点睛】[高分句型1]
Slowly
I
realized
what
we
had
just
been
through.
(运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
I
went
to
hospital,
but
doctors
told
me
that
I
was
fine;
I
think
it
was
just
part
of
the
emotional
hurt
I
was
feeling.
(运用了that引导宾语从句)
