2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与自然：环境保护（含答案与解析）

2022届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与自然
环境保护
一、七选五
（2020·河北正定中学）
High
on
the
Qinghai-Tibet
plateau
lies
China’s
“Water
tower”
Sanjiangyuan.
1．
The
three
rivers:
the
Yellow
River,
the
Yangtze
River
and
Lancang
River,
provide
water
for
about
half
the
population
of
China.
However,
human
activities
such
as
overgrazing
are
putting
this
ecosystem
at
risk.
2．
In
2016,
the
Chinese
government
established
Sanjiangyuan
National
Park,
which
was
a
pilot
program
for
China’s
national
park
system.
3．
Due
to
the
progress
made
in
the
region,
Qinghai
held
the
first
National
Park
Forum
on
Aug
19.
Sanjiangyuan
National
Park
is
a
model
of
eco-protection.
4．
For
example,
Herdsmen
have
given
their
grasslands
to
nature
and
resettled
in
urban
area.
As
for
wildlife,
they
are
monitored
by
field
conservation
stations
to
keep
the
environment
in
good
condition.
The
idea
of
a
national
park
system
is
still
new
in
China,
but
it
must
be
realized.
As
President
Xi
wrote
in
the
congratulatory
letter
to
the
forum,
“Building
an
ecological
civilization
bears
great
significance
in
the
development
and
progress
of
human
civilization.”
With
great
efforts,
people
may
one
day
be
able
to
enjoy
themselves
in
the
vast
lands
of
Sanjiangyuan
and
run
freely
across
the
plains
alongside
nature’s
animals.
5．
A．However,
we
have
realized
the
damage.
B．It’s
home
to
the
headwater
of
China’s
three
big
rivers.
C．Unfortunately,
the
situation
has
got
worse
and
worse.
D．It
attracts
visitors
with
its
fantastic
nature
beauty
and
various
wildlife.
E.The
park
has
increased
the
area’s
green
coverage
and
attracted
more
wildlife.
F.Hopefully,
the
success
of
Sanjiangyuan
will
mark
the
start
of
a
greener
future.
G.The
local
government
has
different
ways
of
slowing
environmental
damage.
阅读选择
A
（2020·上海市实验学校高三月考）
Last
week,
a
team
of
Harvard
researchers
announced
they
were
on
the
brink
of
creating
a
hybrid
woolly
mammoth-elephant
embryo,
the
next
step
on
the
long
road
to
resurrecting
(使复活)
the
pre-hsitoric
creatures.
As
we
move
steadily
closer
to
being
able
to
bring
extinct
species
or
something,
closely
resembling
them-to
life
through
genetic
engineering,
some
scientists
say
the
technology
could
prove
a
valuable,
much-needed
conservation
tool.
But
a
new
economic
analysis
suggests
that
bringing
back
extinct
species
may
detract
from,
rather
than
add
to,
conservation
efforts.
“Given
this
atmosphere
of
a
biodiversity
crisis
and
limited
resources,
we
really
need
to
do
the
best
job
we
possibly
can,
”
says
Joseph
Bennett,
a
biologist
at
Carleton
University
in
Ottawa
and
lead
author
of
the
study.
“If
de-extinction
represents
a
gain
in
biodiversity,
that's
great.
If
it
represents
a
Pvrrhic
victory
in
that
we
could
have
better
spend
those
resources
to
save
species
on
their
way
to
extinction,
that's
essentially
a
one
step
forward,
two
steps
back
scenario."
The
study,
published
Monday
in
the
journal
Nature
Ecology
and
Evolution,
used
data
from
New
South
Wales,
Australia,
and
New
Zealand
to
consider
the
cost
of
sustaining
de-extincted
populations
under
two
scenarios.
In
the
first
scenario,
a
private
agency
funds
the
resurrection
of
an
extinct
species,
then
hands
the
responsibility
of
caring
for
the
revived
population
over
to
the
government.
In
the
second,
a
private
agency
pays
for
the
entire
project,
covering
the
costs
of
both
resurrection
and
maintenance.
The
results,
researchers
found,
showed
no
good
sign
for
endangered,
living
species.
Under
the
first
scenario,
the
cost
of
maintaining
the
de-extincted
species
was
taken
directly
from
the
governments'
already
limited
conservation
budget,
resulting
in
an
overall
loss
for
biodiversity:
Roughly
two
species
would
go
extinct
for
every
one
resurrected,
the
team
concluded.
The
second
scenario
produced
a
small
increase
in
biodiversity,
particularly
for
species
that
would
require
the
same
conservation
tools
and
techniques
already
being
used
to
protect
endangered
animals.
But
the
greatest
hypothetical
gains
for
biodiversity,
the
study
said,
came
when
the
money
required
for
de-extinction
was
instead
put
toward
existing
conservation
programs
for
living
species.
In
this
scenario,
roughly
two
to
eight
times
more
species
were
saved.
Bennett
and
his
team
aren't
the
first
to
question
whether
de-extinction
would
help
or
hurt
conservation
efforts.
Other
scientists
have
argued
that
harnessing
the
technology
to
bring
back
extinct
species,
or
something
closely
resembling
them,
could
take
away
momentum
from
the
push
to
protect
endangered
animals
and
give
property
developers
an
excuse
to
build
over
their
natural
habitats.
6．As
indicated
in
Paragraph
I,
it
seems
that
some
scientists
________.
A．take
a
vain
pride
in
their
conservation
tool.
B．think
highly
of
the
conservation
technology.
C．show
greater
interest
in
the
prehistoric
creatures.
D．are
pessimistic
about
bringing
back
extinct
species.
7．The
phrase
“a
Pyrrhic
victory”
(Para.2)
implies
A．rewarding
B．thankless
C．fruitless
D．harmful
8．The
researchers
have
eventually
found
in
their
study
that
________.
A．de-extinction
may
not
help
conservation
efforts.
B．the
government
assumes
part
of
responsibility
C．the
cost
of
maintenance
outweighs
that
of
revival.
D．extinction
poses
a
greater
threat
to
biodiversity.
9．The
author
seems
to
be
mainly
concerned
with
the
protection
of
________.
A．sustained
biodiversity.
B．endangered
animals
C．private
properties
D．extinct
species.
B
（2021·商丘市回民中学高一期末）
Raising
a
baby
takes
a
lot
of
work,
especially
when
that
baby
is
a
king
penguin.
Now,
it
looks
like
climate
change
will
make
life
even
harder
for
these
birds.
A
new
study
suggests
that
warmer
waters
could
make
their
numbers
decrease.
Most
king
penguins
live
on
the
Crozet
Archipelago,
about
1,
000
miles
north
of
Antarctica.
After
the
penguin
chicks
are
born
in
November,
which
is
summer
in
the
Southern
Hemisphere,
both
parents
spend
4
months
collecting
fish
to
feed
their
babies.
When
the
fish
move
to
deeper
waters
in
March,
the
adults
leave
their
chicks
alone
for
months
and
swim
hundreds
of
miles
south.
There,
near
the
Antarctic
ice,
they
spend
the
winter
eating
seafood
to
add
to
their
own
energy
stores.
In
October,
the
parents
return
to
their
home.
Scientists
from
France
have
been
studying
king
penguins
for
more
than
a
decade.
Starting
in
2008,
Yvon
Le
Maho
and
his
partners
put
electronic(电子的)
ID
cards
under
the
skin
of
hundreds
of
penguins.
These
are
the
same
type
of
cards
you
might
put
in
your
dogs
or
cats
so
that
you
can
track
them.
The
cards
have
allowed
researchers
to
get
everything
about
penguins,
such
as
how
long
they
live,
whether
they
return
from
their
winter
trips,
and
if
their
babies
manage
to
survive
the
winter.
Ocean
surface
temperatures
vary
from
year
to
year.
To
see
whether
water
temperatures
affect
the
penguins,
Le
Maho
compared
his
data
with
temperature
records.
Previous
research
had
shown
that
fewer
fish
and
other
creatures
grew
when
the
water
was
warmer.
Le
Maho
suspected(怀疑)
that
this
drop
would
make
it
harder
for
adult
penguins
to
survive
the
hard
times
ahead.
Indeed,
his
results
showed
that
fewer
adults
survived
during
winters
when
the
water
was
especially
warm.
King
penguins
can
live
for
up
to
30
years.
And
for
now,
the
population
still
appears
healthy.
But
a
warming
trend(趋势)
could
spell
big
trouble
for
a
bird
that
depends
on
cold
and
ice.
10．When
do
adult
penguins
most
probably
stay
with
their
babies
A．In
April.
B．In
July.
C．In
August.
D．In
December.
11．What
does
the
underlined
word
“These”
in
paragraph
3
refer
to
A．King
penguins.
B．Your
dogs
or
cats.
C．Electronic
ID
cards.
D．Scientists
from
France.
12．How
can
we
describe
the
influence
of
ocean
warming
on
penguins
A．Harmful.
B．Unimportant.
C．Helpful.
D．Unknown.
13．What's
the
main
purpose
of
the
text
A．To
introduce
penguins'
daily
life.
B．To
call
on
the
protection
of
baby
penguins.
C．To
present
a
study
of
penguins'
raising
babies.
D．To
warn
us
about
the
climate
change
affecting
penguins.
C
（2021·商丘市回民中学高二期末）
Climate
change
is
known
to
negatively
affect
agriculture
and
livestock,
but
there
has
been
little
scientific
knowledge
on
which
regions
of
the
planet
would
be
touched
or
what
the
biggest
risks
may
be.
New
research
led
by
Aalto
University
assesses
just
how
global
food
production
will
be
affected
if
greenhouse
gas
emissions
are
left
uncut.
The
researchers
assessed
how
climate
change
would
affect
27
of
the
most
important
food
crops
and
seven
different
livestock,
accounting
for
societies'
varying
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes.
The
results
show
that
threats
affect
countries
and
continents
in
different
ways;
in
52
of
the
177
countries
studied,
the
entire
food
production
would
remain
in
the
safe
climatic
space
in
the
future.
These
include
Finland
and
most
other
European
countries.
Already
vulnerable
countries
such
as
Benin,
Cambodia,
Ghana,
Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana
and
Suriname
will
be
hit
hard
if
no
changes
are
made;
up
to
95
percent
of
current
food
production
would
fall
outside
of
safe
climatic
space.
Alarmingly,
these
nations
also
have
significantly
less
capacity
to
adapt
to
changes
brought
on
by
climate
change
when
compared
to
rich
western
countries.
In
all,
20%
of
the
world's
crop
production
and
18%
of
livestock
production
under
threat
are
located
in
countries
with
low
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes.
“If
we
let
emissions
grow,
the
increase
in
desert
areas
is
especially
troubling
because
in
these
conditions
barely
anything
can
grow
without
irrigation.
By
the
end
of
this
century,
we
could
see
more
than
4
million
square
kilometres
of
new
desert
around
the
globe,”
Matti
Kummu,
professor
of
global
water
and
food
issues
at
Aalto
University
says.
“We
need
to
lighten
climate
change
and,
at
the
same
time,
improve
our
food
systems
and
societies'
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes—we
cannot
leave
the
vulnerable
behind.
Food
production
must
be
sustainable.”
14．How
does
the
author
show
the
effect
of
climate
change
on
the
food
production
in
paragraph
2
A．By
raising
questions.
B．By
stating
arguments.
C．By
analyzing
research
data.
D．By
making
comparisons.
15．What
is
the
third
paragraph
mainly
about
A．The
measures
to
be
taken.
B．The
threat
to
the
vulnerable
countries.
C．The
assistance
of
rich
countries.
D．The
damage
to
crop
production.
16．What
do
Kummu's
words
suggest
A．He
feels
very
desperate.
B．He
cares
more
about
others.
C．He
was
in
charge
of
the
study.
D．He
is
worried
about
the
vulnerable.
17．From
which
section
of
a
newspaper
is
the
text
taken
A．Environment.
B．Technology.
C．Culture.
D．Politics.
三、语法填空
（2022·河南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Forests
of
longleaf
pine
trees
once
covered
two-thirds
of
the
southeastern
US.
About
95%
of
those
forests
18．（cut）since
the
beginning
of
the
last
century.
But
now
these
forests
are
returning.
The
wood
of
the
tree
is
very
strong.
Most
buildings
in
the
southern
US
used
to
contain
longleaf
pine
wood.
Today,
after
longleaf
pine
is
no
19．（long）
wanted
to
build
houses,
people
are
reusing
the
wood
because
it’s
still
good
and
resists
water
and
insect
damage.
The
tree
is
also
20．（value）to
the
environment
since
it
stores
CO2
in
its
wood.
The
US
government
has
several
programs
to
protect
and
expand
longleaf
pine
forests,
one
of
21．
is
the
Safe
Harbor
Program.
22．
uses
voluntary
agreements
with
private
landowners
23．（help）endangered
animals.
Now,
farmers
and
landowners
24．（live）in
the
southeastern
US
are
growing
new
longleaf
pine
trees.
Instead
of
cutting
the
trees
25．
wood,
they
are
finding
ways
to
make
money
from
the
forest
of
trees.
One
way
is
by
selling
the
26．（leaf）or
needles
of
the
trees
as
a
ground
cover.
Another
way
is
to
sell
hunting
rights.
Hunting
wild
pigs
27．（be）
a
popular
sport
in
the
southern
US
and
the
fight
to
hunt
on
land
can
cost
from
$200
to
$1,000
a
day.
四、图表作文
（2019·全国）假如你是李华，最近你们班在英语课上组织了一场主题为“Deep-sea
Fishing”的辩论会。请你根据下列结果写一篇英语短文。
观点
40%赞成
60%反对
你的观点
理由
1.丰富人们的食物来源；2.增加渔民收入。
1.污染海洋；2.物种减少，破坏深海生态系统。
……
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
七选五
BAEGF
【大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国将建立以三江源为龙头的国家公园系统及其重要意义。
1．根据上文“High
on
the
Qinghai-Tibet
plateau
lies
China’s
“Water
tower”
Sanjiangyuan.(中国的“水塔”三江源坐落在青藏高原的高处)”可知，上文提到了中国的三江源，可知本句承接上文继续说明三江源的情况，B选项中it指代上文Sanjiangyuan。故B选项“它是中国三大河流的源头”符合语境，故选B。
2．根据上一段中“However,
human
activities
such
as
overgrazing
are
putting
this
ecosystem
at
risk.(然而，人类的过度放牧等活动正使这一生态系统面临风险)”以及后文“In
2016,
the
Chinese
government
established
Sanjiangyuan
National
Park,
which
was
a
pilot
program
for
China’s
national
park
system.(2016年，中国政府建立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的试点项目)”可知，上文提到人类对生态系统造成危险，后文则说建立了三江源公园，可知本句与上文构成转折，指出已经意识到损失。故A选项“但是，我们已经意识到了损失”符合语境，故选A。
3．根据上文“In
2016,
the
Chinese
government
established
Sanjiangyuan
National
Park,
which
was
a
pilot
program
for
China’s
national
park
system.(2016年，中国政府建立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的试点项目)”以及后文“Due
to
the
progress
made
in
the
region,
Qinghai
held
the
first
National
Park
Forum
on
Aug
19.(由于该地区取得的进展，青海省于8月19日举行了首届国家公园论坛)”可知，上文提到了三江源国家公园，推测本句承接上文继续说明公园的情况，E选择项The
park指代前句中的Sanjiangyuan
National
Park，increased
the
area’s
green
coverage
and
attracted
more
wildlife对应后句的the
progress。故E选项“公园增加了该地区的绿化覆盖率，吸引了更多的野生动物”符合语境，故选E。
4．根据后文“For
example,
Herdsmen
have
given
their
grasslands
to
nature
and
resettled
in
urban
area.
As
for
wildlife,
they
are
monitored
by
field
conservation
stations
to
keep
the
environment
in
good
condition.(例如，牧民把草原还给了大自然，在城市定居。至于野生动物，它们由野外保护站进行监测，以保持环境良好)”
根据后文可知，这里是保护环境所采取的措施。故G选项“当地政府有不同的方法来减缓环境破坏”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据第一句“The
idea
of
a
national
park
system
is
still
new
in
China,
but
it
must
be
realized.(国家公园系统的概念在中国仍然是新的，但它必须实现)”以及上文“With
great
efforts,
people
may
one
day
be
able
to
enjoy
themselves
in
the
vast
lands
of
Sanjiangyuan
and
run
freely
across
the
plains
alongside
nature’s
animals.(通过努力，也许有一天，人们能够在三江源这片广阔的土地上尽情享受，与自然动物一起在平原上自由奔跑)”可知，根据首句和前句可知，建立国家公园系统的想法在中国仍然是新的，环境保护的努力只是一个开始。故F选项“希望三江源的成功将标志着绿色未来的开始”符合语境，故选F。
二、阅读理解
A篇：BCAB
【大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究发现拯救灭绝物种这项技术对濒危的现存物种的保护没有什么好的帮助。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段“some
scientists
say
the
technology
could
prove
a
valuable,
much-needed
conservation
tool.（一些科学家表示，这项技术可能被证明是一种宝贵的、急需的保护工具。）”可知，有些科学家对保护技术评价很高。故选B。
7．词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“that's
essentially
a
one
step
forward,
two
steps
back
scenario.（那基本上就是向前走一步，后退两步的情况。）”可知，拯救灭绝物种可能会毫无结果。所以a
Pyrrhic
victory指的是“付出极大代价而获得的胜利”，暗指其是“不成功的；无结果的”。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The
results,
researchers
found,
showed
no
good
sign
for
endangered,
living
species.（研究人员发现，研究结果对于濒临灭绝的现存物种来说，没有任何好的迹象。）”根据最后一段“Other
scientists
have
argued
that
harnessing
the
technology
to
bring
back
extinct
species,
or
something
closely
resembling
them,
could
take
away
momentum
from
the
push
to
protect
endangered
animals
and
give
property
developers
an
excuse
to
build
over
their
natural
habitats.（其他科学家认为，利用这种技术来拯救灭绝的物种，或类似于灭绝物种的物种，可能会削弱保护濒危动物的动力”可知，研究人员最终在他们的研究中发现，减少物种灭绝可能无助于保护工作。故选A。
9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The
results,
researchers
found,
showed
no
good
sign
for
endangered,
living
species.（研究人员发现，这一结果对濒危的现存物种没有什么好迹象。）”以及最后一段“Other
scientists
have
argued
that
harnessing
the
technology
to
bring
back
extinct
species,
or
something
closely
resembling
them,
could
take
away
momentum
from
the
push
to
protect
endangered
animals
and
give
property
developers
an
excuse
to
build
over
their
natural
habitats.（其他科学家认为，利用这种技术来拯救灭绝的物种，或类似于灭绝物种的物种，可能会削弱保护濒危动物的动力，并给房地产开发商一个在自然栖息地上盖房子的借口。）”可推断，作者似乎主要关心的是保护濒危动物。故选B。
B篇：DCAD
【大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，全球变暖造成的温暖的海水可能会使企鹅的数量减少。
10．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In
October,
the
parents
return
to
their
home”（十月，父母回到了他们的家）可知，成年企鹅很可能在12月和自己的宝宝待在一起，故选D。
11．词句猜测题。由第三段的“Starting
in
2008,
Yvon
Le
Maho
and
his
partners
put
electronic(电子的)
ID
cards
under
the
skin
of
hundreds
of
penguins”（从2008年开始，Yvon
Le
Maho和他的伙伴们把电子身份证放在数百只企鹅的皮肤下）可知，下一句中的These指代的是电子身份证，故选C。
12．推理判断题。由倒数第二段“
Le
Maho
suspected(怀疑)
that
this
drop
would
make
it
harder
for
adult
penguins
to
survive
the
hard
times
ahead.
Indeed,
his
results
showed
that
fewer
adults
survived
during
winters
when
the
water
was
especially
warm.”（
Le
Maho
suspected
that
this
drop
would
make
it
harder
for
adult
penguins
to
survive
the
hard
times
ahead.
Indeed,
his
results
showed
that
fewer
adults
survived
during
winters
when
the
water
was
especially
warm.勒马霍怀疑这种下降会使成年企鹅更难在未来的艰难时期生存下来。事实上，他的研究结果表明，在冬季水温特别高的时候，存活下来的成年企鹅更少。）由此可知，海洋变暖对企鹅的影响是有危害的。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第一段的“A
new
study
suggests
that
warmer
waters
could
make
their
numbers
decrease”（一项新的研究表明，温暖的海水可能会使企鹅的数量减少）及后文的描述可知，本文主要讲的是一项新的研究表明，全球变暖造成的温暖的海水可能会使企鹅的数量减少，因此这篇文章的主要目的是警告我们气候变化对企鹅的影响，故选D。
C篇：CBDA
【大意】这是一篇说明文。众所周知，气候变化会对农业和畜牧业产生负面影响，但阿尔托大学领导的一项新研究评估了如果不减少温室气体排放，全球粮食生产将受到怎样的影响。文中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响以及气候变化对于脆弱国家的威胁。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段“The
researchers
assessed
how
climate
change
would
affect
27
of
the
most
important
food
crops
and
seven
different
livestock,
accounting
for
societies'
varying
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes.
The
results
show
that
threats
affect
countries
and
continents
in
different
ways;
in
52
of
the
177
countries
studied,
the
entire
food
production
would
remain
in
the
safe
climatic
space
in
the
future.
These
include
Finland
and
most
other
European
countries.(研究人员评估了气候变化将如何影响27种最重要的粮食作物和7种不同的牲畜，考虑到社会适应变化的不同能力。结果表明，威胁以不同的方式影响国家和大陆；在177个被研究的国家中，有52个国家的整个粮食生产在未来将保持在安全的气候空间中。这些国家包括芬兰和大多数其他欧洲国家)”可推知，作者在第二段中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响。故选C。
15．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Already
vulnerable
countries
such
as
Benin,
Cambodia,
Ghana,
Guinea-Bissau,
Guyana
and
Suriname
will
be
hit
hard
if
no
changes
are
made;
up
to
95
percent
of
current
food
production
would
fall
outside
of
safe
climatic
space.
Alarmingly,
these
nations
also
have
significantly
less
capacity
to
adapt
to
changes
brought
on
by
climate
change
when
compared
to
rich
western
countries.
In
all,
20%
of
the
world's
crop
production
and
18%
of
livestock
production
under
threat
are
located
in
countries
with
low
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes.
(如果不做出改变，贝宁、柬埔寨、加纳、几内亚比绍、圭亚那和苏里南等已经很脆弱的国家将受到严重打击；目前高达95%的粮食产量将落在安全气候空间之外。令人担忧的是，与富裕的西方国家相比，这些国家适应气候变化的能力也明显不足。总的来说，受威胁的世界作物产量的20%和畜牧业产量的18%来自适应变化能力较低的国家)”可知，第三段主要讲的是对脆弱国家的威胁。故选B。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We
need
to
lighten
climate
change
and,
at
the
same
time,
improve
our
food
systems
and
societies'
capacities
to
adapt
to
changes—we
cannot
leave
the
vulnerable
behind.
Food
production
must
be
sustainable.(我们需要减轻气候变化，同时改善粮食系统和社会适应变化的能力——我们不能把弱势群体抛在后面。粮食生产必须是可持续的)”可推知，Kummu的话暗示了他担心脆弱的一方。故选D。
17．推理判断题。根据第一段“Climate
change
is
known
to
negatively
affect
agriculture
and
livestock,
but
there
has
been
little
scientific
knowledge
on
which
regions
of
the
planet
would
be
touched
or
what
the
biggest
risks
may
be.
New
research
led
by
Aalto
University
assesses
just
how
global
food
production
will
be
affected
if
greenhouse
gas
emissions
are
left
uncut.(众所周知，气候变化会对农业和畜牧业产生负面影响，但对于地球上哪些地区会受到影响，以及最大的风险可能是什么，科学知识却很少。阿尔托大学领导的一项新研究评估了如果不减少温室气体排放，全球粮食生产将受到怎样的影响)”结合文中通过分析研究数据展示气候变化对粮食生产的影响以及气候变化对于脆弱国家的威胁。可推知，文章可能选自报纸的“环境”版面。故选A。
三、语法填空
18．have
been
cut
19．longer
20．valuable/invaluable
21．which
22．It
23．to
help
24．living
25．for
26．leaves
27．is
【大意】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国保护东南部长叶松森林的措施，以及当地人另辟蹊径，据此发展出的“生态型经济”。
18．考查现在完成时，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：自上世纪初以来，大约95%的森林被砍伐。since表示“自……以来”时是现在完成时的标志词；forests（森林）与cut（砍伐）是被动关系，故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语About
95%
of
those
forests中forests是复数，前面加百分数后仍视为复数，综上，根据主谓一致原则，故填have
been
cut。
19．考查固定短语。句意：在长叶松不再被用来建造房屋后，人们开始循环使用这种木材。固定结构“no
longer”意为“不再”，故填longer。
20．考查形容词。句意：这种树对环境也很有价值（也是无价之宝），因为它的枝干中储存了二氧化碳。分析语境，枝干中能储存二氧化碳，意味着能调节空气和环境，是正面作用，据此进行词形变换；用形容词作表语，value可变为valuable（有价值的，有益的）或invaluable（无价的，极有用的，宝贵的）均符合语境，故填valuable或invaluable。
21．考查定语从句。句意：美国政府有几个项目来保护和扩大长叶松森林，其中一个是安全港项目。分析句子结构，主句后接非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词programs；先行词programs在从句中，位于主语部分（one
of
the
programs），故应用which指代先行词（one
of
which），故填which。
22．考查代词。句意：它利用与私人土地所有者的自愿协议来帮助濒危动物。分析语境，此处的主语应指向the
Safe
Harbor
Program，这是“一个项目”，单数，故使用代词it，同时注意句首大写，故填It。
23．考查动词不定式。句意：它利用与私人土地所有者的自愿协议来帮助濒危动物。分析句子结构，uses是谓语动词，设空处为非谓语动词；利用这个协议，目的是帮助濒危动物，故可用动词不定式做目的状语，填to
help。
24．考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：现在，居住在美国东南部的农民和土地所有者们正在种植新的长叶松。分析句子结构，谓语部分是are
growing，设空处是非谓语动词；live与farmers
and
landowners是主动关系（“人住在某个地方”），故可使用现在分词作后置定语，故填living。
25．考查介词。句意：他们正在寻找从森林树木中直接赚钱的方法，而不是砍树取木。分析语境，instead
of后接以前的陈旧做法，以前人们砍树，就是为了取得木材，可用介词for（为了），表示目的，故填for。
26．考查名词单复数。句意：一种方法是出售铺满地面的树叶或针叶。“树叶”是可数名词，作单数时是leaf，复数时是leaves；or前后并列连接复数名词，故填leaves。
27．考查主谓一致。句意：在美国南部，狩猎野猪是一项很受欢迎的运动。根据所学语法知识，动名词短语Hunting
wild
pigs作主语，整体应视为第三人称单数，此处语境为一般现在时，描述客观事实，故谓语动词用is，故填is。
四．图表作文
Recently,
we
had
a
discussion
on
whether
we
should
go
deep-sea
fishing.
40%
of
students
hold
the
view
that
deep-sea
fishing
is
beneficial,
because
fish
is
a
good
source
of
food,
which
can
provide
us
with
protein
and
other
nutrients.
Besides,
fishermen
can
earn
more.However,
others
believe
that
it
is
necessary
to
stop
deep-sea
fishing.As
is
reported,
deep-
sea
fishing
has
severely
polluted
the
ocean.What's
more,
overfishing
has
led
to
the
decrease
in
the
number
of
species
and
destroyed
the
deep-sea
ecosystem.
In
my
opinion,
there
should
be
seasonal
limitation
on
deep-sea
fishing
so
that
we
can
have
sustainable
fish
resources.
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页