2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句练习（含答案详解）

定语从句专练卷
一、在空格中填入恰当的关系词。
The
USA
is
a
large
country
in
____________
many
different
dialects(方言)
are
spoken.
He
is
also
well
known
for
his
collection
of
short
stories,
in
____________
he
developed
a
set
of
three
“laws”
for
robots.
Zheng
He
had
over
300
ships,
some
of
____________
were
over
150
metres
long
and
could
carry
up
to
1000
people.
There
are
more
than
300
active
volcanoes,
about
fifty
of
____________
erupt
each
year.
Some
byproducts(副产品)
of
this
process
are
called
“greenhouse”
gases,
the
most
important
one
of
____________
is
carbon
dioxide.
The
newly
built
café,
the
walls
of
____________
are
painted
light
green,
is
really
a
peaceful
place
for
us,
specially
after
hard
work.
Your
speech
was
heard
by
a
group
of
five
judges(评委),
all
of
____________
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year.
It
was
in
1952
and
Mandela
was
the
black
lawyer
to
____________
I
went
for
advice.
They
were
badly
hurt
in
the
earthquake,
because
of
____________
they
didn’t
go
to
school.
Go
down
this
road,
at
the
end
of
____________
you
can
see
a
high
building
and
it
is
our
office
building.
二、在空格中填入恰当的介词。
He
is
a
learned
man
____________
whom
we
are
familiar.
The
man
____________
whom
the
boss
is
not
happy
will
be
fired(开除)
for
his
irresponsibility.
He
handed
me
a
pen
____________
which
I
wrote
down
my
name.
There
comes
the
girl,
____________
whom
I
have
been
waiting
around
an
hour.
When
Eric
the
Red’s
son
Leif
was
planning
a
trip
further
west,
Biarni
was
the
man
____________
whom
Leif
discussed
his
plans.
Do
you
want
a
friend
____________
whom
you
could
tell
everything,
like
your
deepest
feelings
and
thoughts
Later
they
may
give
performance(表演)
in
pubs
or
clubs,
____________
which
they
are
paid
in
cash(现金).
In
the
past,
the
parts
of
town
____________
which
black
people
had
to
live
were
decided
by
white
people.
Without
the
new
technique(技术),
we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
pieces
of
artworks
____________
which
this
period(时期)
is
famous.
China
plans
to
carry
out
its
21st
Antarctica
scientific
exploration
____________
which
about
130
scientists
and
researchers
are
going
to
take
part.
三、用介词+关系代词引导的定语从句翻译下列句子。
我找到了{我渴望已久的}工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
他翻遍了口袋，想找一张{他写有地址的}纸条。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
上周六晚上，我去参加一个朋友的生日聚会，{在聚会上我遇到了一个叫Jim的外国人}。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
四、语篇填空
I
love
natural
science,
which
came
from
my
1.______________
(curious)
in
nature.
From
an
early
age,
I
caught
frogs
and
insects
in
the
nearby
woods,
I
explored
the
cool
streams
running
2.______________
the
woods
and
searched
for
fish
3.______________
(live)
in
the
water.
As
I
grew
up,
my
interests
developed
around
subjects
in
school,
particularly
in
biology,
chemistry
and
physics.
These
interests
were
increased
with
more
time
4.____________
(spend)
in
the
deserts
and
forests
of
Arizona,
to
5._____________
we
moved
when
I
was
in
my
teens.
The
desert
was
not
entirely
new
to
me,
since
I
6.______________
(visit)
relatives
in
Phoenix
several
times
before
moving
there.
However,
exploring
the
desert
on
my
own
was
new.
I
checked
under
every
rock
and
bush
looking
for
7.______________
(sign)
of
life.
I
found
many
incredible
animals.
Once
I
happened
to
discover
poisonous
snakes
under
a
rock.
I
was
very
scary.
However,
I
8.______________
(eventual)
grew
to
be
cautious(谨慎的)
of
them
and
now
snakes
are
my
favorite
study
subject.
I
am
now
9._____________
ecologist.
I
have
done
research
in
deserts,
forests,
streams
and
lakes.
Finding
new
species
still
excites
me.
I
am
glad
10.________________
(have)
a
strong
interest
in
the
natural
world.
My
hobby
makes
me
what
I
am
now.
答案
一、在空格中填入恰当的关系词。
The
USA
is
a
large
country
{in
which
many
different
dialects(方言)
are
spoken}.
从句：In
the
country
many
different
dialects(方言)
are
spoken.
句意：美国是一个幅员辽阔的国家中，有许多不同的方言。
He
is
also
well
known
for
his
collection
of
short
stories,
{in
which
he
developed
a
set
of
three
“laws”
for
robots}.
从句：In
the
short
stories
he
developed
a
set
of
three
“laws”
for
robots.
句意：他还以他的短篇小说集而闻名，在他的短篇小说集中，他为机器人开发了一套三“定律”。
Zheng
He
had
over
300
ships,
{some
of
which
were
over
150
metres
long
and
could
carry
up
to
1000
people}.
从句：Some
of
the
ships
were
over
150
metres
long
and
could
carry
up
to
1000
people.
句意：郑和有300多艘船，其中一些船长超过150米，可以运载1000人。
There
are
more
than
300
active
volcanoes,
{about
fifty
of
which
erupt
each
year},
and
more
than
500
million
people
now
live
within
the
range
of
a
volcanic
eruption.
从句：About
fifty
of
the
volcanoes
erupt
each
year.
句意：世界上有300多座活火山，其中每年大约有50座喷发，现在有5亿多人生活在火山喷发范围内。
Some
byproducts(副产品)
of
this
process
are
called
“greenhouse”
gases,
{the
most
important
one
of
which
is
carbon
dioxide}.
从句：The
most
important
one
of
“greenhouse”
gases
is
carbon
dioxide.
句意：这个过程的副产品被称为“温室”气体，最重要的是二氧化碳。
The
newly
built
café,
{the
walls
of
which
are
painted
light
green},
is
really
a
peaceful
place
for
us,
specially
after
hard
work.
从句：The
walls
of
the
café
are
painted
light
green.
句意：新建的咖啡馆，墙壁被漆成浅绿色，对我们来说真是一个宁静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作之后。
Your
speech
was
heard
by
a
group
of
five
judges(评委),
{all
of
whom
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year}.
从句：All
of
the
judges
agreed
that
it
was
the
best
one
this
year.
句意：五位评委听了你的演讲，所有人一致认为这是今年最好的一个。
It
was
in
1952
and
Mandela
was
the
black
lawyer
{to
whom
I
went
for
advice}.
从句：
I
went
to
the
lawyer
for
advice.
go/turn
to
sb.
for
help/advice向某人寻求帮助/建议
句意：那是1952年，曼德拉是我寻求建议的黑人律师。
They
were
badly
hurt
in
the
earthquake,
{because
of
which
they
didn’t
go
to
school}.
从句：Because
of
the
earthquake
they
didn’t
go
to
school.
句意：他们在地震中受了重伤，因此没有上学。
Go
down
this
road,
{at
the
end
of
which
you
can
see
a
high
building}
and
it
is
our
office
building.
从句：At
the
end
of
the
road
you
can
see
a
high
building.
句意：沿着这条路走下去，在路的尽头你可以看到一座高楼，那就是我们的办公楼。
二、在空格中填入恰当的介词。
He
is
a
learned
man
{with
whom
we
are
familiar}.
从句：We
are
familiar
with
the
man.
be
familiar
with
sb./sth.对某人/某物熟悉
句意：他是一个我们熟悉的有学问的人。
The
man
{with
whom
the
boss
is
not
happy}
will
be
fired(开除)
for
his
irresponsibility.
从句：The
boss
is
not
happy
with
the
man.
be
happy
with
sb.对某人满意
句意：老板很不满意这个秘书，会因她的低效解雇她。
He
handed
me
a
pen
{with
which
I
wrote
down
my
name}.
从句：I
wrote
down
my
name
with
the
pen.
with用某种工具
句意：他递给我一支笔，我用它写下了我的名字。
There
comes
the
girl,
{for
whom
I
have
been
waiting
around
an
hour}.
从句：I
have
been
waiting
around
an
hour
for
the
girl.
wait
for
sb.等待某人
句意：那个女孩来了，我已经等了她大约一个小时了。
When
Eric
the
Red’s
son
Leif
was
planning
a
trip
further
west,
Biarni
was
the
man
{with
whom
Leif
discussed
his
plans}.
从句：Leif
discussed
his
plans
with
the
man.
discuss
sth.
with
sb.与某人讨论某事
句意：当埃里克·雷德的儿子雷夫计划去更远的西部旅行时，比阿尼是跟雷夫讨论他计划的人。
Do
you
want
a
friend
{to
whom
you
could
tell
everything},
like
your
deepest
feelings
and
thoughts
从句：You
could
tell
everything
to
the
friend.
tell
sth.
to
sb./tell
sb.
sth.告诉某人某事
句意：你想要一个无话不谈的朋友吗，比如你最深的感情和想法？
Later
they
may
give
performances(表演)
in
pubs
or
clubs,
{for
which
they
are
paid
in
cash(现金)
}.
从句：They
are
paid
in
cash
for
the
performances.
pay
for
sth.支付某事
句意：之后，他们可能在酒吧或俱乐部表演节目，而演出的报酬是现金。
In
the
past,
the
parts
of
town
{in
which
black
people
had
to
live}
were
decided
by
white
people.
从句：Black
people
had
to
live
in
the
parts
of
town.
句意：过去，镇上黑人居住的地方是由白人决定的。
Without
the
new
technique(技术),
we
would
not
be
able
to
see
the
many
great
pieces
of
artworks
{for
which
this
period(时期)
is
famous}.
从句：This
period
is
famous
for
the
artworks.
be
famous
for
sth.因某物而闻名
句意：没有新的技术，我们将无法看到许多伟大的艺术作品，这一时期以这些艺术作品而闻名。
China
plans
to
carry
out
its
21st
Antarctica
scientific
exploration
{in
which
about
130
scientists
and
researchers
are
going
to
take
part}.
从句：About
130
scientists
and
researchers
are
going
to
take
part
in
the
exploration.
take
part
in
sth.参与某事
句意：中国计划进行第21次南极科考，将有130名科学家和研究人员参加。
三、用介词+关系代词引导的定语从句翻译下列句子。
我找到了我渴望已久的工作。
I’ve
found
the
job
{for
which
I’ve
been
eager
for
a
long
time}.
他翻遍了口袋，想找一张写有地址的纸条。
He
searched
his
pockets
for
a
note
{on
which
he
had
written
the
address}.
上周六晚上，我去参加一个朋友的生日聚会，在聚会上我遇到了一个叫Jim的外国人。
Last
Saturday
evening,
I
went
to
a
friend’s
birthday
party,{in
which
I
met
a
foreigner
named
Jim}.
四、语篇填空
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小到现在我探索大自然奥秘的经历。
1.
curiosity
考查词形转换。my为形容词性物主代词，后接名词作宾语。句意：我热爱自然科学，这源于我对大自然的好奇心。
2.
through
考查介词。run
through为固定短语，意为“穿过，流经”，through表示穿过某个空间。句意：从很小的时候起，我就在附近的树林里捉青蛙和昆虫，探索穿过树林的清凉溪流，寻找生活在水里的鱼。
3.
living
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语explored，故live在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语fish之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词做定语。
4.
spent
考查非谓语动词。注意with是介词，后不能接句子。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语were
increased，故spend在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语time之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词做宾补。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我们搬到了亚利桑那州的沙漠和森林，在那里待的时间越长，这些兴趣就越浓厚。
5.
which
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句修饰先行词Arizona，代入从句We
moved
to
Arizona
when
I
was
in
my
teens.，代替名词，即先行词在从句中作介词to的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which引导从句。
6.
had
visited
考查谓语时态。since意为“因为”。根据上文was可知，该句描述的是过去的事情；且根据several
times和句意可知，visit是从过去的过去到过去发生的事情，故用过去完成时。句意：这个沙漠对我来说并不陌生，因为在我搬到凤凰城之前，我已经拜访过几次那里的亲戚了。
7.
signs
考查名词单复数。根据句意，应用复数形式。句意：我检查了每一块石头和灌木丛，寻找生命的迹象。
8.
eventually
考查词形转换。grew为动词，应用副词修饰作状语。句意：然而，我最终对它们变得谨慎起来，现在蛇是我最喜欢的研究课题。
9.
an
考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指概念，ecologist为元音字母开头。句意：我现在
一名生态学家。
10.
to
have
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语am，故have在句中应用非谓语动词形式；根据不定式做状语的用法可知，be
adj.
to
do
sth.用不定式做状语。句意：发现新物种仍然让我兴奋，我很高兴对自然界有浓厚的兴趣。我的爱好造就了我现在的样子。
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