人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit3 Fascinating parks SectionB（课后作业）（含答案）

人教版2019
选择性必修一Unit
3
Section
B
课后
基础知识自测
Ⅰ单句语法填空
1.
The
plastic
bags____________(prohibit)
in
some
90
cities
in
California,
including
Los
Angeles.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
2.
He
stood
on
tiptoe，__________(stretch)as
high
as
he
could,
but
even
at
his
tallest
height
he
was
unable
to
touch
it.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
3.
Then
lay
the
tube____________place
so
that
one
end
rests
all
the
way
in
the
cup
and
the
rest
of
the
line
runs
up—and
out—the
side
of
the
hole.
(介词填空)
4.
However，misjudgments
have
real
impacts,as
they
result____________misguided
use
of
scarce
resources.(选用适当的单词填空)
5.
When
it
comes
to
the
selling
of
houses,businesses
also
use
highly___________(reward)
tactics.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
6.
The
wicked
stepmother
told
one
of
her
two
daughters
to
cut
off
her
big
toe
to
fit_________the
shoe.
(介词填空)
7.
Exercising
makes
you
more
awake
and
ready
to
handle
whatever
is
ahead___________you
for
the
day.
(介词填空)
8.
If
the
total
stress
in
your
life
is
over
150，you
are
twice_____________likely
to
get
ill.
9.
According
to
Sparrow,
we
are
not
becoming
people
with
poor
memories
as______________result
of
the
Internet.
(根据单词的适当形式填空)
10.
Their
wings
can
bridge
the
gap
between
lines，__________(result)
in
electrocution(电死)if
they
touch
two
lines
at
once.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
（B）语法专练
11.
_____________(travel)
along
the
old
Silk
Road
is
an
interesting
and
rewarding
experience.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
12.
____________(ignore)
the
difference
between
the
two
research
findings
will
be
one
of
the
worst
mistakes
you
make.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
13.
___________(understand)
your
own
needs
and
styles
of
communication
is
as
important
as
learning
to
convey
your
affection
and
emotions.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
14.
___________(learn)
English
as
a
second
language
can
be
a
painful
experience.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
15.
It
turns
out
that
just________(grow)
green
things
can
reduce
stress,
lower
blood
pressure,
and
put
people
into
a
better
mood.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
16.
For
them,
____________(ride)
with
Wilson
has
allowed
them
to
complete
their
education.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
学科素养提升
Ⅱ语法填空
Mozart
was
one
of
the
most
famous
musicians
in
the
world._____17_____(listen
)
to
him
play
the
violin
was
a
wonderful
thing.
One
day,
Mozart
saw
an
old
man
in
rags____18____(play)
the
violin
on
his
way
back
home,
but
few
people
stopped
to
enjoy
his
music,
so
the
hat
on
the
ground
was
empty.
Mozart
thought____19____(
help
)
others
was
a
great
pleasure，so
he
came
up
to
the
old
man.
Mozart
said
some
words
to
the
old
man
and
then
he
took
over
the
violin
from
his
hand.
Mozart
played
his
own
works.
He
played_____20_____well
that
many
passers-by
enjoyed
listening
to
the
beautiful
music.
Soon,
the
old
man’s
hat
was
full
of
money.
He
was______21______(surprise).He
asked
Mozart
who
he
was.
Mozart
said
he
was___22___(simple)
a
lover
of
violin.
After
Mozart
left,
the
man
realized
that
the
man
was
Mozart_____23_____(he).
He
regretted
not_____24_____(talk
)
more
about
music
with
Mozart.
The
old
man
practiced
playing
the
music
he_____25_____(hear)every
day.
He
played
better
and
better.
Therefore,
more
and
more
people
stopped
to
put
money
into
his
hat.
The
old
man
looked
forward
to_____26_____(meet)Mozart
again.
阅读理解
Why
do
I
stand
up
for
animals,
and
not
for
all
those
people
who
have
no
homes
or
no
food
A
poor
child,
no
matter
how
hard
his
life
is,
is
at
least
a
member
of
the
human
race.
This
makes
his
chances
of
spending
his
life
in
a
dark
and
small
cage,
or
suffering
from
painful
and
frightening
medical
experiments
a
lot
smaller.
Should
such
a
fate
(命运)
fall
on
him,
there's
a
chance
that
other
people
will
stand
up
for
him.
But
with
animals,
the
situation
is
difficult.
People
have
the
right
to
use
animals
in
an
economically
best
way,
which
has
resulted
in
the
unscrupulous
processing
of
animals.
Producers
of
medicine
are
even
legally
allowed
to
kill
animals
and
cut
them
open
before
a
new
medicine
may
be
tested
on
humans.
Partly,
animal
abuse
is
based
on
many
people's
belief
that
animals
are
inferior
(低等的)
to
humans,
a
belief
that
is
also
the
basis
of
one
of
the
most
unacceptable
forms
of
animal
abuse,
namely
animal
testing
and
factory
farming.
I
believe
that
any
person
may
do
the
most
terrible
things
to
other
people
at
some
point,
if
they
allow
something
so
defenseless
as
an
animal
to
be
abused.
Personally,
I
think
that
the
public
have
no
idea
of
the
great
acts
of
violence
that
are
being
committed
in
their
name.
And
it
is
possible
to
right
large-scale
(大范围的)
wrongs,
if
enough
people
learn
to
see
through
the
lies
of
a
few.
In
conclusion,
I
do
think
it's
possible
to
live
together
with
animals
in
a
responsible
way
everywhere
in
the
world,
as
long
as
people
know
about
the
wrongs
that
exist
and
what
causes
them.
What
we
don't
know
won't
hurt
us;
even
in
our
country
and
elsewhere
we
“know
nothing”,
and
that's
why
deep-rooted
wrongs
exist
and
large
profits
(利润)
can
be
made
at
the
cost
of
animals.
This
is
the
reason
why
I
stand
up
for
organizations
that
defend
animal
rights:
Somehow
I
believe
that
a
society
that
takes
responsibility
for
its
weakest
and
most
dependent
members,
will
also
be
better
for
its
people.
27.
Why
does
the
author
mention
the
poor
A.
To
show
their
living
conditions.
B.
To
call
for
help
from
the
public.
C.
To
attract
people's
attention
to
them.
D.
To
highlight
animals'
tough
situation.
28.
What
does
the
underlined
word
“unscrupulous”
in
Paragraph
2
probably
mean
A.
Uncertain.
B.
Unsatisfying.
C.
Complex.
D.
Shameless.
29.
What
is
the
main
reason
for
animal
abuse
A.
People's
unawareness.
B.
Animals'
medical
value.
C.
The
absence
of
animal
laws.
D.
The
irresponsibility
of
society.
30.
What's
the
author's
attitude
toward
animal
rights
organizations
A.
Positive.
B.
Negative.
C.
Indecisive.
D.
Unclear.
答案
1【答案】are
prohibited
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：包括洛杉矶在内的约90个加利福尼亚州的城市禁止使用塑料袋。the
plastic
bags与prohibit之间是被动关系，又是事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态，又因the
plastic
bags为复数，be
动词应用are，故填are
prohibited。
2.
【答案】stretching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他踮起脚尖，尽可能地伸展，但即使伸到最高的高度，他仍然无法触摸到它。句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语。主语He与stretch之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填stretching。
3.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词与其他词类的搭配。句意：然后把管子放在适当的位置，这样一端就可以一直躺在杯子里，其余的管子都在洞外的一侧向上延伸。in
place是一个固定短语，意为：在适当的位置。故答案为：in。
4.【答案】in
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，错误的判断会产生实际影响，因为它们导致对稀缺资源的错误使用。result
in
表结果，意为“导致”；result
from
表原因，意为“由……引起；产生于……”。结合句意，空后为空前错误的判断导致的结果，故填in。
5.
【答案】rewarding
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当涉及房子的销售时，企业也使用了高回报的策略。此处修饰后文名词tactics，应用形容词rewarding，作定语。故填rewarding。
6.
【答案】into
【详解】考查介词与其他词类的搭配。句意：邪恶的继母让她的两个女儿中的一个砍掉她的大脚趾，以适应鞋子（的大小）。fit
into是一个固定短语，意为：适合，安装进入；融入。故答案为into。
7.【答案】of
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：锻炼能让你更加清醒，准备好处理一天中你要做的事情。ahead
of在……之前，该短语是固定短语，所以填of。
8.
【答案】as
【详解】考查倍数。句意：如果你生活中的总压力超过150，你将有两倍生病的可能性。twice
as……的两倍,所以填as。
9.
【答案】a
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：根据斯巴鲁的说法，我们并不是因为互联网而成为记忆力差的人。as
a
result
of
为固定短语，意为“由于...”，故填a
。
10.
【答案】resulting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们的翅膀可以在电线之间架起桥梁，如果它们同时碰到两条电线就会触电。分析句子结构可知result在句子应用非谓语动词形式，且此处表示自然而然的结果应用现在分词，作状语。故填resulting。
11.
【答案】Traveling
【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：沿着古老的“丝绸之路”旅行是一次有趣且值得的经历。分析句子成分可知，本句的谓语是is，其前是主语，需用动名词作主语。故填Traveling。
12.
【答案】Ignoring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：忽视这两个研究成果之间的差异将会是你犯的最糟糕的错误之一。根据句子结构可知，
空格处所需要填的动词形式与其后的the
difference
between
the
two
research
findings在整个句子中作主语，故空格处要填所给动词的动名词形式，
再结合句子的时态可知，需要填动名词的一般式。故答案为Ignoring。
13.【答案】Understanding
【详解】考查动名词。句意：了解你自己交流的需求和方式与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。分析句子成分可知，本句的谓语是is，其前是主语，需用动名词作主语。位于句首首字母大写。故填Understanding。
14.
【答案】Learning
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把英语作为第二门语言学可能是一次痛苦的经历。句子的谓语是can
be，其前是主语，故用动名词短语作主语。故填Learning。
15.【答案】growing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：事实证明，仅仅种植绿色植物就可以减轻压力，降低血压，让人们心情更好。从句中的谓语是can
reduce，其前是主语，需用动名词短语作主语，所以填growing。
16.
【答案】riding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对他们来说，跟威尔逊交朋友让他们完成了学业。分析句子可知，ride意为“骑、驾驶”，动词词性，ride
with
sb.意为“和某人交朋友，为固定短语”。句中有谓语动词allowed且句中无连词，故应用ride的非谓语动词形式。设空处为句子主语，故此处为动名词作主语，ride的动名词形式为riding。故填riding。
【答案】
17.
Listening
18.
playing
19.
helping
20.
so
21.
surprised
22.
simply
23.
himself
24.
talking
25.
had
heard
26.
meeting
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了莫扎特在街上帮一位老人演奏音乐而没有被认出来的故事。
【17题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：听他演奏小提琴是一件美好的事情。本句的谓语是was，其前是主语，需用动名词作主语。故答案为Listening。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：莫扎特在回家的路上看见一个衣衫褴褛的老人在拉小提琴。see
sb.doing
sth.看见某人正在做某事，此处强调动作正在进行，故用现在分词。故答案为playing。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：莫扎特认为帮助别人是一种极大的快乐。thought后面的从句的谓语是was，其前是主语，需用动名词作主语。故答案为helping。
【20题详解】
考查连词。句意：他演奏得如此之好，以至于许多路人都喜欢听这优美的音乐。so...that...如此……以至于……。此句中用so修饰副间well。故答案为so
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他非常吃惊。主语是人，故用以ed结尾的分词形容词。表示他非常吃惊。故答案为surprised。
【22题详解】
考查副词。句意：莫扎特说他只是一个小提琴爱好者。用副词修饰整个句子。故答案为simply。
【23题详解】
考查代词。句意：这个人意识到那个人就是莫扎特本人。此处是指莫扎特本人，故用反身代词。故答案为himself。
【24题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他后悔没有和莫扎特多谈音乐。regret（not）doing
sth.是一个固定搭配，意为：后悔做过(没做过)某事。符合句意。故答案为talking。
【25题详解】
考查动词的时态。句意：老人每天练习演奏他听到的音乐。hear的动作发生在practiced之前，故用过去完成时。故答案为had
heard。
【26题详解】
考查介词与其他词性的搭配。句意：老人期待着再次见到莫扎特。look
forward
to意为“渴望；盼望”，to是介词，其后接动名词作宾语。故答案为meeting。
【答案】27.
D
28.
D
29.
A
30.
A
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者表达了自己对动物处境的担忧，分析了原因，并提出了解决这个现状的建议。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“A
poor
child,
no
matter
how
hard
his
life
is,
is
at
least
a
member
of
the
human
race.
This
makes
his
chances
of
spending
his
life
in
a
dark
and
small
cage,
or
suffering
from
painful
and
frightening
medical
experiments
a
lot
smaller.”（一个贫穷的孩子，无论生活多么艰难，至少也是人类的一员。这使得他在黑暗和狭小的笼子里度过一生，或遭受痛苦和可怕的医学实验的机会大大减少。）和第二段的“But
with
animals,
the
situation
is
difficult.”（但对于动物来说，情况就很困难了。）可知，作者提到穷人是为了突出动物的艰难处境，
故选D。
【28题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第二段的“People
have
the
right
to
use
animals
in
an
economically
best
way,
which
has
resulted
in
the
unscrupulous
processing
of
animals.
Producers
of
medicine
are
even
legally
allowed
to
kill
animals
and
cut
them
open
before
a
new
medicine
may
be
tested
on
humans.”（人们有权以最经济的方式使用动物，这导致了unscrupulous处理动物。法律甚至允许药品生产商在新药进行人体试验前杀死动物并将其剖开。）可知，动物没有受到法律的保护，因此人们有权以最经济的方式使用动物，这导致了对动物的无良处理，也就是人们不会因为处理或加工动物而感到羞耻，因此划线词unscrupulous意为“肆无忌惮的；寡廉鲜耻的”，即shameless，故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Personally,
I
think
that
the
public
have
no
idea
of
the
great
acts
of
violence
that
are
being
committed
in
their
name.”（就我个人而言，我认为公众对以他们的名义实施的重大暴力行为一无所知。）可知，虐待动物的主要原因是人们没有意识到虐待动物一事，故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“This
is
the
reason
why
I
stand
up
for
organizations
that
defend
animal
rights:
Somehow
I
believe
that
a
society
that
takes
responsibility
for
its
weakest
and
most
dependent
members,
will
also
be
better
for
its
people.”（这就是为什么我支持保护动物权利的组织的原因：在某种程度上，我相信一个为最弱和最依赖它的成员负责的社会，也会对它的人民更好。）可知，作者支持保护动物权利的组织，说明作者对动物权利组织的态度是积极的，故选A。