人教版(2019)选择性必修一:Unit1 People of Achievement Section C(课前作业)(含答案)

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名称 人教版(2019)选择性必修一:Unit1 People of Achievement Section C(课前作业)(含答案)
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科目 英语
更新时间 2021-10-08 10:23:38

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人教版2019
选择性必修一Unit
1
Section
C
课前
一、课文语法填空
1.
Albert
Einstein,
________
is
perhaps
the
greatest
scientist
in
modern
physics,
is
often
considered
one
of
the
smartest
men
who
ever
lived.(用适当的词填空)
2.
Einstein
was
not
only
a
genius;
he
was
a
courageous
and
kind
figure
________(love)
by
many
people.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
3.
This
gentle
genius
________(bear)
in
Germany
on
14
March
1879.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
4.
While
________(work)
there,
out
of
a
strong
passion
for
knowledge,
he
continued
to
study,
earning
a
doctorate
in
physics
in
1905.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
5.
Following
this,
he
________(gradual)
became
famous
throughout
the
world
as
the
new
Isaac
Newton.
(所给词的适当形式填空)
6.
To
the
public,
he
was
seen
________
a
slightly
odd-looking
but
kind
and
funny
man.
(用适当的词填空)
7.
On
18
April
1955,
________
was
reported
that
Einstein
had
passed
away,
and
the
whole
world
mourned
the
great
loss
of
a
brilliant
scientist.
(用适当的词填空)
二、根据课文翻译句子
8.
When
he
was
16,
he
tried
to
enter
university
in
Switzerland,
but
failed
due
to
his
low
scores
in
the
general
part
of
the
entrance
exam.
(英译汉)
9.
That
same
year,
which
was
later
recorded
as
a
miracle
year
in
science,
he
published
four
extraordinary
physics
papers.
(英译汉)
10.
Circumstances
changed
in
1933,
when
Hitler
came
to
power
in
Germany.
(英译汉)
11.
As
a
consequence,
he
had
to
flee
Germany.
(英译汉)
12.
After
spending
time
in
Europe,
he
finally
took
up
a
position
as
a
researcher
at
the
Institute
for
Advanced
Study
in
Princeton,
USA.
(英译汉)
答案
1【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家,他经常被认为是有史以来最聪明的人之一。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Albert
Einstein,先行词在从句中作主语,指人,故用关系代词who引导。故填who。
2.
【答案】loved
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:爱因斯坦不仅是个天才;他是一个勇敢而善良的人物,被许多人所喜爱。分析句子可知,“(love)
by
many
people”作定语,修饰figure,love与逻辑主语figure是被动关系,应用过去分词。故填loved。
3.【答案】was
born
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:这位温和的天才于1879年3月14日出生在德国。be
born“出生”,
根据on
14
March
1879.可知,本句为一般过去时。故填was
born。
4.
【答案】working
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里工作时,出于对知识的强烈热情,他继续学习,并在1905年获得了物理学博士学位。分析句子可知,在时间状语从句中,从句的主语和主句的主语一致,可以省略从句主语与be动词。完整的从句是“while
he
was
working
there”,此处省略了he
was,应使用现在分词working。故填working。
5.
【答案】gradually
【详解】考查副词。句意:此后,他逐渐成为举世闻名的艾萨克·牛顿。副词gradually作状语,修饰动词became。故填gradually。
6.
【答案】as
【详解】考查介词。句意:在公众眼中,他看起来有点古怪,但很善良,也很有趣。be
seen
as“被看作为……”为固定短语。故填as。
7.
【答案】it
【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意:1955年4月18日,据报道爱因斯坦去世了,全世界都为这位杰出科学家的去世而哀悼。it
be
reported
that...“据报道……”为固定句型,it作形式主语,真正的主语为that之后的从句。故填it。
8.
【答案】16岁时,他曾试图去瑞土上大学,但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低,他未能如愿。
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知,本句为复合句,When
he
was
16“当他16岁时”为时间状语,主句主语为he“他”,谓语为tried
but
failed“尝试但是失败了”,宾语为to
enter
university
in
Switzerland“去瑞土上大学”,原因状语为due
to
his
low
scores
in
the
general
part
of
the
entrance
exam“由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低”。故本句可译为:16岁时,他曾试图去瑞土上大学,但由于入学考试的综合部分分数较低,他未能如愿。
9.
【答案】同年,他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文,这一年后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年。
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知,句子是包含非限制性定语从句的复合句,其中主句为主谓宾结构,从句亦为主谓宾结构。That
same
year,
在句中作时间状语,意为“同年”;which
was
later
recorded
as
a
miracle
year
in
science,
为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词year,意为“后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年”,其中which为从句主语,was
recorded
as为从句谓语,a
miracle
year
in
science为从句宾语。he为主句主语,表示“他”;published为主句谓语,表示“发表了”;four
extraordinary
physics
papers.为主句宾语,意为“四篇杰出的物理学论文”。故翻译为“同年,他发表了四篇杰出的物理学论文,这一年后来被称为科学史上的奇迹之年。”
10.【答案】1933年,情况发生了变化,当时希特勒在德国掌权。
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知,本句Circumstances
changed
in
1933是主谓状结构;when
Hitler
came
to
power
in
Germany是when引导的非限制性定语从句,先行词是1933。故整句翻译为:1933年,情况发生了变化,当时希特勒在德国掌权。
11.
【答案】结果,他不得不逃离德国。
【详解】考查固定短语。短语As
a
consequence表示“结果”;短语had
to表示“不得不”;短语flee
Germany表示“逃离德国”。故翻译为结果,他不得不逃离德国。12【答案】在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。
【详解】考查固定短语。短语After
spending
time
in
Europe表示“在欧洲待了一段时间后”;短语took
up
a
position
as
a
researcher表示“担任研究员一职”;短语at
the
Institute
for
Advanced
Study
in
Princeton,
USA表示“在美国普林斯顿高等研究院”;finally表示“终于”;故翻译为在欧洲待了一段时间后,他终于在美国普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员一职。