人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit 4 Body Language 学案（含答案）
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人教版（2019）选择性必修一：Unit 4 Body Language 学案
一、学习提纲
（一）话题：
（二）词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇
非课标词汇
II 课标词汇
非课标词汇
III 课标词汇
非课标词汇
（三） 语法：
理论知识：《同步作业》 P.
练 习：《课时考点专题监测》 P. Ex.
（四）写作：
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
2、词汇运用
（二）语音
（三）阅读文章练习
（四）教材内的语法题目
（五）单元重点词组积累
（六）单元重点句式积累
（七）语法
（八）写作
（九）单元词句基础练习
（十）单元语法基础练习
提醒：
词汇部分含有英语音标，为确保正确显示，请下载安装英语音标字体Kingsoft phonetic plain和Gwipa。
一、学习提纲
一、话题：身势语
二、词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇 interaction, vary, appropriate, by contrast, approve, demonstrate, witness, employ, identical, interpret, differ, by comparison, cheek, favour, bow, waist, make inferences, break down, barrier, anger, reliable, incident, trial, slightly, twin, assess, internal interaction, appropriate, approve, demonstrate, employ, identical, interpret, differ, comparison, favour, inference, anger, reliable, incident, lightly, assess, differ, approve 《课后达标训练》P. 175 Ex. 1-2 P. 177 Ex. 1-2 《同步作业》P. 96 -100
非课标词汇 gesture, fake, slight, nonverbal, assessment
II 课标词汇 straighten up, pose, bend, reveal, clarify, in other words, educator, tendency, lower, imply, barely, occupy, stare, perceive, distinguish, anxiety, chest, embarrassed, ashamed, merely, call on, bother, weep, at work, conflict, inquire, ultimately, adjust, react, component, tone straighten, reveal, clarify, educator, tendency, imply, barely, occupy, distinguish, anxiety, embarrassed, merely, conflict, inquire, ultimately, adjust, react call短语,adjust 《课后达标训练》P. 179 Ex. 1-2P. 181 Ex. 1-2 《同步作业》P. 103- 108
非课标词汇 slump, tick, chin, intervene
三、语法：-ing分词作宾语和表语
理论知识：《同步作业》 P. 110- 111
练 习：《课时考点专题监测》 P. 111 Ex. 1-2
四、写作： 描述身体语言
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
interact v. 交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用
interactive adj. 合作的，相互影响的，互相配合的；交互式的，人机对话的，互动的
interactively adv.
interaction n. 互动，交互
appropriate adj. 合适的，恰当的 v. 盗用，挪用，占用侵吞；拨（专款等）
appropriately adv. 恰当地
appropriateness n.
appropriation n. 擅自调用，盗用，挪用，占用，侵吞；拨（专款）；（尤指政府公司的）所拨款项，专款
approve v. 赞成，同意；批准，通过（计划、要求等）；认可，核准
approval n. 赞成，同意；通过，批准，认可（计划、要求等）；（商品）使用，包退包换
approving adj. 赞成的额，同意的
approvingly adv.
demonstrate v. 证明，证实，论证，说明；表达，表露，表现，显露；示范，演示；集会示威，游行示威
demonstration n. 集会示威，游行示威；示范表演；证明，证实，论证， 说明；表达，表露， 表现，显露
demonstrative adj. 公开表露感情（尤指爱慕之情）的，感情外露的；（语法）指示的 n. （语法）限定词，指示代词
demonstrator n. （集会或游行的）示威者；示范者，演示者
employ v. 雇用；应用，运用，使用；n. 替某人工作，为某人所雇用
employable adj. 具备受雇条件的，适宜雇用的
employee n. 受雇者，雇工，雇员
employer n. 雇佣者，雇主老板
employment n.工作，职业，受雇；就业；雇用；使用利用
identical adj. 完全同样的，相同的；同一的
identically adv.
interpret v. 诠释，说明；把……理解为，领会；口译；演绎（按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色）
interpretable adj.
interpretation n.理解，解释，说明；演绎，演奏方式，表演方式
interpretative adj. 理解的，解释的，表演的，演绎的
interpreter n. 口译工作者，口译译员；演绎（音乐、戏剧中人物等）的人；（计算机）解释程序
differ v. 相异，有区别，不同于；意见相左，持不同看法，不同意
difference n. 差别，差异，不同（之处），变化（之处）；差额；意见分歧，不和
different adj. 不同的，有差异的，有区别的；分别的，各种的；不平常，与众不同，别致
differential n. 差别，差额，差价，（尤指同行业不同工种的）工资级差 adj. 差别的，以差别而定的，有区别的
compare v. 比较，对比；与……类似（或相似）；表明……与……相似，将……比作 n. 无与伦比，举世无双(beyond/ without compare)
comparison n. 比较；对比，相似；
comparable adj. 类似的，可比较地
comparability n. 可比性
comparative adj. 比较的，相比的；比较而言的，相对的；（语法）比较级的
comparatively adv. 比较上，相对地
favour n. 帮助，好事，恩惠；赞同，支持；特别照顾，偏袒，偏爱 v. 较喜欢，选择；优惠，特别照顾，偏袒；有助于，有利于；外貌像，长得像（父母或长辈）
favourable adj. 给人好印象的；肯定的，赞同的，支持的；有利的，有助于……的；好而不贵的，优惠的
favoured adj. 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的，获得优惠的；大众喜爱的；称心如意的，中意的
favorite adj. 特别受喜爱的；（美国大选第一阶段）本州支持的总统候选人 n. 特别喜爱的人（或事物）；受宠的人，得到偏爱的人；（比赛中）被认为最有希望的获胜者；（取得职位等的）足有希望者
favouritism n. 偏爱，偏袒
infer v. 推断，推论，推理；间接地提出，暗示，意指
inference n. 推断的结果，结论；推断，推理，推论
anger n. 怒，怒火，怒气 v. 使发怒，激怒
angry adj. 发怒的，生气的，愤怒的；红肿的，感染的，发炎的；狂风暴雨的，波涛汹涌的，天昏地暗的
reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
reliability n. 可靠性
reliably adv. 可信赖地，真实可信地
incident n. 发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）；严重事件，暴力事件（如犯罪、事故、袭击等）；（两国间的）摩擦，冲突，（常指）军事冲突
incidental adj. 附带发生的，次要的，非有意的；（术语）作为自然结果的，伴随而来的，免不了的 n. 附带的次要事情
incidentally adv. （引出新话题、附加信息、或临时想到的问题）顺便提一句； 偶然，附带地
light n. 光，光线，光亮；（具有某种颜色和特性的）光；发光体，光源，（尤指）电灯；火柴，打火机，点火器；眼神；（图画中和暗色对比的）亮色，浅色；（建筑）窗户，光线进口，采光孔；adj. 充满亮光的，明亮的，有自然光的；浅色的，淡色的；轻的，轻便的；（比平均或平常重量）轻的；（与重量单位连用）分量不足的；轻柔的，柔和的，不太用力的；容易做的，轻松的，不使人疲劳的；少量的，程度低的；不严厉的；娱乐性的，消遣性的，轻松的；不严肃的；无忧无虑的，愉快的，快活的；（一餐饭）少量的；不腻的，清淡的，易消化的；含有许多空气的，松软的；酒精含量低的，低度酒的；睡得不沉的，易醒的；v. 点燃，点火；开始燃烧；照亮，使明亮；用光指引
lighted adj. 点燃的，燃烧的；灯火通明的，灯光照亮的
lighten v. 减轻，减少（工作量、债务、担忧等）；（使）变明亮，变成淡色；（使）感到不那么悲伤（或担忧、严肃），缓和；减轻……的重量
lighter n. 打火机；驳船
lighting n. 照明，灯光，布光；照明
lightly adv. 轻柔地，轻微地，轻轻地；少许，不多；漫不经心地，满不在乎地；不慎重地，草率地，轻率地
lightning n. 闪电 adj. 闪电般的，飞快的，突然的
assess v. 评估，评定（性质、质量）；估算，估定，核定（数量、价值）
assessment n. 看法，评估；评定，核定，判定；核定的付款额
assessor n. （法庭或官方团体的）顾问，襄审员；（财产、费用等的）估价员；（考试、比赛等的）考核人，评判员
straight adv. 笔直地，平正地，成直线；直接，径直，立即；正，直；连续不断地，一连 adj. 直的；直筒型（非紧身的）；准的，正中目标的；平正的，正的，直的，与……平行的；整洁，整齐；坦诚的，直率的；简单明了的，非此即彼的；（演员或戏剧）严肃的，正统的（与戏剧、音乐剧无关）；连续的，不间断的；纯的，不掺水（或其他东西）的；规矩老实的，本分无趣的，正统的；n. 直道部分
straighten v. （使）变直，变正；挺直，端正（身体）
reveal v. 揭示，显示，透露；显出，露出，展示
revealing adj. 揭露真相的，发人深省的；（衣服）暴露的，使身体过分裸露的
revealingly adv.
clarify v. 使更清晰易懂，阐明，澄清；（尤指通过加热使黄油）纯净，净化
clarification n. 净化，澄清
educate v. （在学校）教育；教导，教养，训练
educated adj. 受过……教育（或训练）的，上过……学校的；受过良好教育（或训练）的，有教养的
education n. （尤指学校）教育；教育，培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；(Education)教育学；有教益的经历
educational adj. 教育的，有关教育的，有教育意义的
educationally adv.
educationalist n. 教育学家，教育家
educative adj. 教育的，有教育作用的
educator n. 教育工作者，教师；教育学家，教育家
tend v. 往往会，常常就；趋向，走向，倾向，趋于；照料，照管，护理；招待，侍候，照顾，照料（商店、酒吧等的顾客）
tendency n. 倾向，偏好，性情；趋势，趋向；（政党内的）极端派别
tendentious adj. （演讲、文章、理论等）倾向性的，有偏见的，有争议的
tendentiously adv.
tendentiousness n.
imply v. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指；说明，表明；（思想、行为等）必然包含，使有必要
implication n. 可能的影响（或结果、作用）；寒意，暗指；（被）牵连，牵涉
bare adj. 裸露的；（树木或村野）（树木）光秃秃的，（土地）荒芜的；（表面）无遮盖的，没有保护的；（房间、柜子等）空的；仅够的，最基本的，最简单的 v. 揭开，脱掉（衣服等）
barely adv. 仅仅，刚刚，勉强可能；几乎不，几乎没有；刚好，不超过（某个数量、年龄、时间等）；刚才，刚刚
occupy v. 使用，占用（空间、面积、时间等）；使用（房屋、建筑），居住；侵占，占领，占据；使忙于（做某事），忙着（做某事）；任职，执政
occupied adj. 使用中，有人使用（或居住）；忙于；（国家等）被占领的，被侵占的
occupation n. 工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；侵占，占领，占领期；（土地、房屋、建筑等的）使用，居住，占用
occupational adj. 职业的
occupationally adv.
occupancy n. （房屋、土地等的）占用，使用，居住
occupant n. （房屋、建筑等的）使用者，居住者；（汽车等内的）乘坐者，占用者
distinguish v. 区分，辨别，分清；（不用于进行时）成为……的特征，使具有……的特色，使有别于；（不用于进行时）看清，认出，听出；使出众，使著名，使受人青睐
distinguished adj. 卓越的，杰出的，著名的；显得重要的，高贵的，有尊严的
distinguishable adj. 容易辨认的
anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑；担心，忧虑，害怕；渴望
anxious adj. 焦虑，忧虑，担心；令人焦虑的，流露出忧虑的；渴望，非常希望
anxiously adv.
embarrass v. （尤指在社交场合）使窘迫，使尴尬；使困惑，使为难，使陷入困境
embarrassed adj. （人或行为）（尤指在社交场合）窘迫的，尴尬的，害羞的；结局的，经济困难的
embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的（或难堪的、惭愧的）；使显得愚蠢的（或不诚实的等）
embarrassingly adv.
embarrassment n. 害羞，窘迫，愧疚，难堪；使人为难的处境，困境；令人为难（或难堪、尴尬）
的人
mere adj. 仅仅的，只不过；只凭……就足以 n. （也用于名称）小湖，池塘
merely adv. 仅仅，只不过
conflict n. 冲突，争执，争论；（军事）冲突，战斗；抵触，矛盾，不一致； v. （两种思想、信仰、说法等）冲突，抵触
conflicted adj. 因心理冲突而不知所措的
inquire (=enquire) v. 询问，打听
enquirer n. 询问者，调查者
enquiring adj. 好奇的，爱探索的，好问的；探询的，探究的
enquiry n. 调查，查究，查问；询问，打听；查询，探究，探索；(enquiries)问讯处
ultimate adj. 最后的，最终的，终极的；极端的，最好（或坏、伟大、重要等）的；根本的，基本的，基础性的 n. 最好（或先进、伟大等）的事物，极品，精华
ultimately adv. 最终，最后，终归；最基本地，根本上
adjust v. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的
adjustment n. 调整，调节；（行为、思想的）调整，适应
react v. 起反应，（对……）作出反应，回应；（对事物等）有不良反应，过敏；（化学）（物质）起化学反应，发生化学变化
reaction n. 反应，回应；（对旧观念等的）抗拒；生理反应，副作用；反应能力；反对，反动，阻碍；（化学）化学反应
reactivate adj. 使恢复活动，使重新出现
reactionary n. 反动分子，反对政治（或社会）变革者 n. 反动的
reactive adj. 反应的，有反应的，回应的；能起化学反应的，易反应的
reactivity n. 反应性
reactor n. 反应堆
2、词汇运用
1. differ []
v. 相异，有区别，不同于 A and B differ (from each other) | A differs from B
French differs from English in this respect.
在这方面法语不同于英语。
Ideas on childcare may differ considerably between the parents.
在抚育儿童方面父母的观点可能迥然不同。
v. 意见相左，持不同看法，不容易 differ (with sb.) (about/ on/ over sth.)
I have to differ with you on that.
在这一点上我不能同意你的看法。
difference []
n. 差别，差异，不容（之处），变化（之处）difference (between A and B) | difference (in sth.)
There are no significant differences between the education systems of the two countries.
这两国的教育制度没有大的差别。
There is no difference in the results.
结果没有差别。
I can never tell the difference between the twins.
我从来都分不清这对双胞胎。
n. 差，差额 difference (in sth.) between A and B)
There is not much difference in price between the two computers.
这两种计算机价格上没有多大的差别。
Cn. 意见分歧，不和
We have our differences, but she’s still my sister.
我们之间虽然不和，但她仍旧是我的妹妹。
make a/ no/ some/ … difference (to/ in sb./ sth.) 有（惑没有、有些等）作用、关系、影响
The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大的影响。
make all the difference (to sb./ sth.) 关系重大，大不相同，使更好受
A few kind words at the right time make all the difference.
在适当的时候说几句体贴话效果迥然不同。
different []
adj. 不同的，有区别的，有差异的 different (from/ to/ than sb./ sth.)
American English is significantly different from British English.
美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。
He saw he was no different than anybody else.
他认为他与其他人没有什么两样。
adj. 分别的，各种的
She offered us five different kinds of cake.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
differently [] adv.
Boys and girls may behave differently.
男孩儿和女孩儿的表现可能不同。
2. approve []
v. 赞成，同意 approve (of sb./sth.)
Do you approve of my idea
你同意我的想法吗？
vt. 批准，通过（计划、要求等）
The committee unanimously approved the plan.
委员会一致通过了计划。
vt. 认可，核准
The course is approved by the Department for Education.
课程已获教育部核准。
approving [] adj. 赞成的，同意的
He gave me an approving nod.
他向我点头表示同意。
approvingly [] adv.
She looked at him approvingly and smiled.
她面带微笑赞许地望着他。
approval []
Un. 赞成，同意
She desperately wanted to win her father’s approval.
她急不可待地想赢得父亲的赞同。
n. 批准，通过，认可（计划、要求等） approval (for sth.) (from sb.)
The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.
该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
Un. （商品）试用，包退包换
3. adjust []
vt. 调整，调节 adjust sth. (to sth.)
Adjust your language to the age of your audience.
要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
v. 适应，习惯 adjust (to sth./ to doing sth.) | adjust (yourself to sth.)
It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。
vt. 整理
He smoothed his hair and adjusted his tie.
他捋平头发，整了整领带。
adjustable [] adj. 可调整的，可调节的
The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable.
这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。
adjustment []
n. 调整，调节
I’ve made a few adjustments to the design.
我已对设计作了几处调整。
n. （行为、思想的）调整，适应
She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.
婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。
4. call短语
call at (a place) 参观（某地）
call on sb. 拜访（某人）
call back叫回来，收回；打电话回去；回忆
call for （公开）要求，需要（区分：call on）；去取（物件），去请（某人）；去接
call in下令收回,请求收回；引入,来访；打电话来（工作单位等）
call sb./sth. off 将……叫开，决定取消某事；宣告结束；（使注意力）转移开
call on 号召，；拜访，短暂的访问
call (sb.) out 召唤；出动（军队）（尤指处理紧急情况）；召集；向……挑战；下令罢工，通知罢工
call sb./sth. up 打电话给，使回忆起，征召……服兵役；召集；提出（议案）；征调（运动员为国参赛）；调用储存，调出备用
（二）阅读
Listening to How Bodies Talk (P.38)
I 课文解构
Listening to How Bodies Talk
Body language can give us information about people’s (1) ______.
Some body language has different meanings in different cultures, such as the gesture for “OK”, the gesture for “yes” and “no”. We should use it (2) ______.
Some gestures seem to mean the (3) ______ thing around the world, for example, the gesture for “I am full”.
Some gestures have different (4) ______. The best example is (5) ______.
Keys: 1 feelings 2 properly 3 same 4 uses 5 smiling
II True of False.
1. We can learn a lot about people’s feelings by watching their body language.
2. Body language has the same meaning in every country.
3. When we communicate with others face to face, we must make eye contact.
4. In Brazil and Germany, we shouldn’t make the gesture “OK”.
5. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep” everywhere.
Keys: TFFTT
III 表格填空
We sue both words and body language (1) ______ our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
Body language varies (2) ______. Making eye contact in some countries is a way (3) ______; in other countries, eye contact is not always approved of.The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, it means money; in France, it means zero; in Brazil and Germany, it is not (4) ______.The gestures for “yes” and “no” (5) ______ around the world. In many countries, (6) ______ means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.There are also differen ces in (7) ______ we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere The gesture for “sleep” and the gesture for “I’m full” have the individually identical meanings in the world.
Some body language has many different uses. A smile can help us (8) ______ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A Smile can break down barriers.We can use a smile (9) ______, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation.Smiling at yourself in the mirror can make yourself feel (10) _____.Seeing the smiling face of a good friend can make you ease (年轻) your depression and loneliness.
Keys: 1 to express 2 from culture to culture 3 to display interest 4 considered polite 5 differ 6 shaking one’s head 7 how 8 get through 9 to apologize 10 happier and stronger
IV 根据课文内容选择正确答案
1. We used both words and body language to ______ in our interactions with other people.
A. express our thoughts and opinions B. show our anger
C. display our happiness D. express our sadness
2. In Japan, what might someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture of “OK” think
A. It means zero. B. It means being polite.
C. It means money. D. It means being approved.
3. How do people greet their friends when they meet in Russia
A. They stand close to their friends. B. They kiss their friends on the cheek.
C. They shake hands. D. They bow from the waist.
4. When someone is moving his hand in circle over his stomach after a meal, he wants to express ______.
A. he feels hungry B. he’s lonely
C. he feels like sleeping D. he’s full
Keys: ACBD
（三）教材里的语法题目
1. (P. 38) Just like ______ (speak) language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is ______ (use) body language in a way ______ is appropriate to the culture ______ you are in.
2. (P. 38) For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not ______ (society) permitted to make eye contact.
3. (P. 38) In Japan, someone who witnesses another person ______ (employ) the gesture for OK might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid ______ (make) this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
4. (P. 38) By ______ (compare), in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures for “yes” and “no” have the opposite meaning.
1 spoken; using; that/which; that/which 2 socially 3 employing; making 4 comparison
（四）单元重点词组积累
vary in 在……方面不同
vary from... to … 从……到……变化
vary with 随着……而变化
a variety of= varieties of 各种各样的
by contrast 相比之下
in contrast with/ to 与……成对比/对照，与……大不相同
contrast with 与……相差甚远，与……形成对比
approve of (doing) sth. 赞成（做）某事
approve of sb./sb.;s doing sth. 同意某人做某事
win/earn sb.’s approval 得到某人的赞同/赞许
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ sb. as/ to be … 雇用某人当……
out of employment 失业
differ in 在……方面不同
differ from 与……不同
be different from 不同于，与……有区别
be different in 在某方面不同
by comparison （与……）相比较
compare A with/ to B 把A与B进行比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour/ do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 赞成，主张
in one’s favour 对某人有利
break down 消除，分解，拆除，（机器等）出故障，失败，（身体、精神等）垮掉，崩溃
break out （战争、火灾等灾难性事故）爆发
break into 强行闯入
break through 突破，突围
in a/ one word 简言之，总之
have a word with sb. 与某人谈话
have words with sb. 与某人发生口角
keep/ break one’s word 信守/违背诺言
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的趋向
tend to do sth. 易于/往往会做某事
tend to/towards sth. 倾向于某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照看某人/某物
occupy sb./oneself in doing/ with sth. 忙于（做）某事
be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with 忙于某事
stare at 盯着看，凝视
stare into the distance 凝视着远方
stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人
distinguish between ...and … 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish … from … 使……有别于……；使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish oneself (as…) （作为……）……表现突出
be distinguished for … 因……而出名
with anxiety 焦虑地，急切地
be anxious for/ about 为……担心/挂念
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that …(should) do sth. 希望……做某事
bother to do/ doing sth. 费心做某事
bother sb. with/ about sth. 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about/ with sth./ sb. 因某事/某人而烦恼、费心
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应于（做）某事
adjust oneself to … 使自己适应（于）……
adjust … to … 调整……以适应……
（五）单元重点句式积累
1. word comes/ came that … 消息传来……
2. It bothers sb. that … 使某人苦恼的是……
It bothers sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人苦恼
3. whatever 引导名词性从句
People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.
4. 部分否定
Not everyone likes it.
Everyone doesn’t like it.
Not all the students agree with you.
All the students don’t agree with you.
（六）语法 –ing作宾语和表语
一、-ing分词作表语
（略）——详见必修第三册第一单元相关章节
二、-ing分词作宾语
（一）什么是宾语？
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或介词之后，能作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或句子等。
（二）什么样的词后面可以接宾语？
及物动词和介词后面可以接宾语。
We visited that factory last month.
He once worked in that factory.
（三）什么样的词可以充当宾语？
名词、代词、动名词、to do不定式、the+adj.以及宾语从句。
I am reading a book.
I like it.
Do you mind opening the window
Do remember to close the door before you leave.
We should try our best to help the poor.
He said that he would come to see you.
（四）常见常考的后面只能接-ing（不接-to do不定式）作宾语的动词及短语有哪些？
mind（介意）, suggest（建议）, enjoy（欣赏）, appreciate（感激, 欣赏）, avoid（避免）, delay（推迟）, dislike（不喜欢, 厌恶）, escape（逃脱）, finish（完成）, forgive（宽恕）, imagine（想象）, keep（保持）, miss（错过）, practise（训练）, resist（抵抗, 抵制）, risk（冒险）, deny（拒绝, 否认）, consider（考虑）, admit (to)（承认）, contribute to（捐助、贡献）, get down to（着手做）, give way to（让位于）, keep to（坚持、遵守）, lead to （导致）, look forward to（期待）, take to（从事）, turn to（求助于）, stick to（忠于、坚持）, point to（指向、表明）, see to（注意、处理）, be used to（习惯于）, devote oneself to（献身于）, be equal to（胜任的、等于）, be familiar to（为……熟悉）。
（五）后面可以接-ing和-to do作宾语，意义不一样的动词
1、forget，remember，regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作晚于谓语动作（即：动作未发生，或动作未做），而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。
Remember to turn off the lights before you leave.记得离开前把灯关掉。
Do you remember seeing me before 你记得以前见过我吗？
2、动词stop, go on, continue, mean, try, consider等动词后面接-ing分词和接不定式作宾语，意思也有所不同。
①stop/go on/continue doing sth. 表示：“停止/继续做现在正在进行的动作”。
Let’s stop/go on/ continue reading. 我们停止/继续阅读。
②stop/go on/continue to do sth. 表示:“停止(现在正在进行的动作)/继续做新的事情”。
(We have been reading books for ten minutes.) Let’s stop/go on/ continue to write.
（我们已经读了10分钟）。停下来/继续写一些东西吧。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the unit.
After a short rest，they went on working. 短暂地休息以后，他们又继续工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。
While working, he stopped to talk to with Tom at times.工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。
3、try/ mean/ consider后具体要接-to do还是-ing形式，有改词在句子中的具体意思来决定。
try to do sth. 努力做某事（不一定做成）
try doing尝试做某事
mean to do打算做某事
mean doing 意味着（此时，主语由指物的词充当）
consider doing考虑做某事
consider A to be B 把A认为是B
I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again 请你再试一次好吗？
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。
4、动词allow，advise，forbid，permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语，不可以接动词不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补足语，构成allow sb. to do sth.。
Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。
We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。
注意：这一组动词经常以被动形式来考查。
These group of people are those who aren’t allowed ______ the room
A. entering B. to enter
5、动词need，require，want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。
The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。
6、deserve “值得”，后接-ing，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The book deserves reading. =The book deserves to be read.
7、动词like，hate，prefer等后面，如表示一般性、经常性的动作，多用-ing分词；如指特定的、具体的某次动作，多用不定式。
I like swimming，but I don’t like to swim with you .我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
8、动词begin，start后面，如表示有意识地开始做某事，常用-ing分词，否则用不定式更多一些。
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once.
注：下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语：
a . 当start，begin本身用于进行时态时。
When the teacher came into the room，he was starting to write to his parents.
b. 当start，begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。
Hearing the news，he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开，天开始下雨了。
9、can’t help to do“不能帮忙做某事”，can’t help doing“禁不住做某事”。
I am so busy these days，so I can’t help you decorate your house.
I can’t help laughing when I see his funny clothes.
10、look forward to do “向前看以做某事”，look forward to doing“期望着做某事”。
Look forward to avoid running into any car.
I am looking forward to receiving your letter.
11、need to do“需要做某事”，need doing=need to be done“需要被做”。
We need to find a new one.
The house needs repairing. =The house needs to be repaired.
三、练习
Exercise I 单句语法填空
1. She imagined ______ (sit) in her favourite armchair back home.
2. He had to admit ______ (steal) the money.
3. I don’t mind his ______ (come) back late if he doesn’t wake me up.
4. Don’t risk ______ (travel) alone in the forest.
5. The temple dating back to Ming Dynasty needs ______ (repair).
6. I regret ______ (tell) you that you have been fired.
7. My job is ______ (put) these parts together.
8. Our plan is ______ (finish) the work in two weeks.
Exercise II 完成句子
1. 他所做的事令人满意。
What he has done ________________________________.
2. 我们下一步是把原料准备好。
Our next step was ________________________________ raw materials ready.
3. 他建议推迟会议。
He suggested ________________________________.
4. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。
He tried to avoid ________________________________.
5. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
I meant ________________________________, but my father didn’t allow me to.
6. 不要忘记告诉他这个消息。
Don’t forget ________________________________ him the good news.
7. 我记得上星期把书还给了图书馆。
I ________________________________ the book to the library last week.
8. 如蒙赐赠此书，我将不胜感激。
I would very much ________________________________ a copy of the book.
9. 看到他们的表演，这名男子忍不住大笑了出来。
The man couldn’t help ________________________________ when he saw their performance.
10. 他已经习惯住在乡下了。
He ________________________________ the countryside.
Keys:
Exercise I
1 sitting 2 stealing/ having stolen 3 coming 4 travelling 5 repairing/ to be repaired 6 to tell 7 putting 8 to finish
Exercise II
1 is satisfying
2 to get
3 putting off the meeting
4 answering my questions
5 to go
6 to tell
7 remember returning
8 appreciate receiving
9 laughing out loudly
10 has got used to living in
（七）写作：
【写作练习】
（一）
假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，上周你校邀请Smith教授来校做了这一场各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表学校全体师生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。
内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 讲座的效果：师生了解了常用的身势语及其含义。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作提示】
1. 审题目
①确定体裁：感谢信
②确定人称：以第一人称为主
③确定时态：以一般现在时为主
2. 审要点
本文可分为三段：
第一段：开门见山，表明写信的目的：表示感谢。
第二段：本部分应对通过讲座师生了解了常用的肢体语言及其含义进行构思，属于半开放类，但不能漫无边际地联想，应做到发挥要合情合理，如：身势语是表达情感最有效的方法之一等。
第三段：结尾应再次表达感谢，紧扣写信的目的，与首段相呼应。
Dear Professor Smith,
My name is Li Hua. Representing our school, I’m writing to convey my sincere appreciation to you for the lecture you gave us last week.
Through your lecture, we have learned that body language is one of the most effective methods of expressing our feelings. For example, smiling is the most universal expression of happiness. Looking away from a person means showing no interest in the person. However, not all cultures greet people in the same way.
I do believe the knowledge will be very beneficial when we communicate with people from other countries. Thank you again for your wonderful lecture.
Yours,
Li Hua
（二）
人们通常使用口头语言进行交流，但在日常生活中，人们也会广泛地使用身体语言。
你认为身体语言重要吗？
日常生活中你会使用身体语言与其他人进行交流吗？
请根据以下信息，写一篇有关身体语言的短文。
内容要点：
1. 纵观人类历史，人们经常使用身体语言进行交流，身体语言像口头语言一样重要；
2. 当你的朋友伤心的时候，一个微笑或许比口头语言更有用；
3. 在嘈杂的环境下，使用身体语言去交流会更加容易。
要求：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
People usually communicate with others by spoke language. However, body language is widely used in our daily life.
Everyone has definitely used body language to communicate with others. You must have smiled to your friend when you meet him or her again after a long time. And it is obvious that throughout the history of mankind, people have been using body language to communicate with others frequently. For example, when you find your friend is depressed, you give him a smile to cheer him or her up and at that moment the smile is better than any words. What’s more, when surrounded by noises, you cannot make yourself understood by words but you can use gestures to express your ideas clearly.
In conclusion, body language is as important as spoken language.
高中英语(2019版）选择性必修第一册 词句基础练习
Unit 4 Body Language
一、英译汉（共10小题；单词每个1分，满分10分）
根据句意写出划线单词的汉语意思。
1. It might be necessary to make a few slight changes to the design.
2. After doing some research, experts revealed that the painting was fake.
3. The boy pulled up a chair behind his brother and put his chin on his shoulder.
4. When talking with others, you are not just using words, but using facial expressions as well as gestures.
5. Put a tick in the appropriate box if you would like further information about any of our products.
6. The security forces had to intervene to prevent the situation worsening.
7. Tom admits that playing video games sometimes distracts him from his homework.
8. As is well known, culture plays a large part in nonverbal communication.
9. The tests are supposed to provide a basis for the assessment of children.
10. The old man slumped down in his usual armchair and felt around for the newspaper.
1 细小的2 假的3 下巴4 手势5 钩号6 干预7 使分心8 非言语的9 评价10 垂头弯腰地坐
二、单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1. Instructors should ______ (展示) the new experiment before letting the class try it.
2. The past ten years has ______ (见证) the achievements of developing sports business.
3. In this hall, they are not allowed to ______ (使用) tools that use electricity.
4. Somewhere in the depths of the pine forest an ______ (相同的) sound reverberated.
5. She couldn’t speak much English so her children had to ______ (口译) for her.
6. We should deal with the ______ (事件) right now because it is of great importance.
7. The manager had just given a ______ (试用) to Mary who had previous experience.
8. The old man’s had shook ______ (稍微) as he inserted the key into the lock.
9. The ______ (双胞胎) are so alike, so it’s difficult to distinguish one from the other.
10. The technique is being tried in classrooms to ______ (评估) what effects it may have.
11. Make a good p______ and I will take a photo of you and your brother.
12. Old Mr. Brown b______ down and picked up the coins lying on the ground.
13. I have no choice but to b______ you to correct my mistakes in the material I attached to the letter.
14. Mr. Smith was so impressed by what she had done that he i______ the girl’s name.
15. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with ______ (冲突) among people.
1 demonstrate 2 witnessed 3 employ 4 identical 5 interpret 6 incident 7 trial 8 slightly 9 twins 10 assess 11 pose 12 bent 13 bother 14 inquired 15 conflicts
三、单句语法填空 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is said that these plants have a ______ (tend) to grow in the more rural areas.
2. Welcome t Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest ______ (occupy) castle in the world.
3. Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, ______ (anxious) and memory loss.
4. I felt such a sense of relief that I would no longer have to be ______ (embarrass) when I returned to school.
5. Thank you for writing to me and allowing me ______ (clarify) the present position.
6. When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed ______ my mother’s Chinese English.
7. Everything will ______ (ultimate) depend on what is said at the meeting.
8. Readers tend to share articles that inspire negative feelings like ______ (angry) or anxiety.
9. John is recognized to be ______ (rely) and hardworking, so you can rely on him.
10. When we entered the hall, a group of people stopped talking and stared ______ us.
1 tendency 2 occupied 3 anxiety 4 embarrassed 5 to clarify 6 of 7 ultimately 8 anger 9 reliable 10 at
四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
用方框内短语的适当形式填空。
get through be contrast break down by comparison with feel downstraighten up in other words react to approve of make inferences
1. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned ____________.
2. My parents ____________ my trying to make money, but they asked me not to neglect my studies.
3. They told us that the second half of the game was dull ____________ the first half.
4. A human can sometimes ____________ based on previous knowledge.
5. We were downloading learning materials when our computer suddenly ____________.
6. Mother told little Mary to make beds and ____________ the rooms before she went out.
7. They asked Mr. Smith to leave the company- ____________, he was fired by the boss.
8. I was glad to hear that she ____________ the exam, which she had been preparing for a long time.
9. When you ____________ or lost, this notebook can be your source of inspiration.
10. When sharing a story with others, you care a lot more about how they ____________ it.
1 by contrast 2 approved of 3 by comparison with 4 make inferences 5 broke down 6 straighten up 7 in other words 8 got through 9 feel down 10 react to
高中英语（2019版） 选择性必修第一册 语法基础巩固练习
Unit 4 –ing作宾语和表语
I 单句语法填空
1. It is true that her job is______ (teach) English.
2. He was deeply affected because the story was very ______ (move).
3. My favorite sport is ______ (play) football.
4. We are thinking of ______ (make) a new plan for the next term.
5. Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
6. A 90-year-old had been awarded “Woman Of the Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.
7. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ (die) early by running.
8. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ______ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
9. I still remember ______ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learn she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
1 teaching 2 moving 3 playing 4 making 5 noting 6 being 7 dying 8 looking 9 visiting
II 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 我们正考虑参观科学博物馆。
We’re considering ________________________ the Science Museum.
2. 我已习惯在这儿生活了。
I have been used to ________________________.
3. 我喜欢集邮和收集钱币。
I’m fond of ________________________.
4. 获得英语竞赛的第一名，我感到很自豪。
I’m proud of ________________________ in the English competition.
5. 我记得我的练习交过了。
I remember ________________________ my exercise.
6. 收音机需要修理了。
The radio needs ________________________.
7. 这个消息很令人失望。
The news is very ________________________.
8. 使我们失望的是，这个结果太令人吃惊了。
To our disappointment, the result was so ________________________.
1 paying a visit to
2 living here
3 collecting stamps and coins
4 winning the first prize
5 handing in
6 repairing/to be repaired
7 disappointing
8 shocking
一、学习提纲
（一）话题：
（二）词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇
非课标词汇
II 课标词汇
非课标词汇
III 课标词汇
非课标词汇
（三） 语法：
理论知识：《同步作业》 P.
练 习：《课时考点专题监测》 P. Ex.
（四）写作：
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
2、词汇运用
（二）语音
（三）阅读文章练习
（四）教材内的语法题目
（五）单元重点词组积累
（六）单元重点句式积累
（七）语法
（八）写作
（九）单元词句基础练习
（十）单元语法基础练习
提醒：
词汇部分含有英语音标，为确保正确显示，请下载安装英语音标字体Kingsoft phonetic plain和Gwipa。
一、学习提纲
一、话题：身势语
二、词汇
识记词汇 词形变化 词汇运用 词汇练习 词汇讲解
I 课标词汇 interaction, vary, appropriate, by contrast, approve, demonstrate, witness, employ, identical, interpret, differ, by comparison, cheek, favour, bow, waist, make inferences, break down, barrier, anger, reliable, incident, trial, slightly, twin, assess, internal interaction, appropriate, approve, demonstrate, employ, identical, interpret, differ, comparison, favour, inference, anger, reliable, incident, lightly, assess, differ, approve 《课后达标训练》P. 175 Ex. 1-2 P. 177 Ex. 1-2 《同步作业》P. 96 -100
非课标词汇 gesture, fake, slight, nonverbal, assessment
II 课标词汇 straighten up, pose, bend, reveal, clarify, in other words, educator, tendency, lower, imply, barely, occupy, stare, perceive, distinguish, anxiety, chest, embarrassed, ashamed, merely, call on, bother, weep, at work, conflict, inquire, ultimately, adjust, react, component, tone straighten, reveal, clarify, educator, tendency, imply, barely, occupy, distinguish, anxiety, embarrassed, merely, conflict, inquire, ultimately, adjust, react call短语,adjust 《课后达标训练》P. 179 Ex. 1-2P. 181 Ex. 1-2 《同步作业》P. 103- 108
非课标词汇 slump, tick, chin, intervene
三、语法：-ing分词作宾语和表语
理论知识：《同步作业》 P. 110- 111
练 习：《课时考点专题监测》 P. 111 Ex. 1-2
四、写作： 描述身体语言
二、知识点学习
（一）词汇
1、词形变化
interact v. 交流，沟通，合作；相互影响，相互作用
interactive adj. 合作的，相互影响的，互相配合的；交互式的，人机对话的，互动的
interactively adv.
interaction n. 互动，交互
appropriate adj. 合适的，恰当的 v. 盗用，挪用，占用侵吞；拨（专款等）
appropriately adv. 恰当地
appropriateness n.
appropriation n. 擅自调用，盗用，挪用，占用，侵吞；拨（专款）；（尤指政府公司的）所拨款项，专款
approve v. 赞成，同意；批准，通过（计划、要求等）；认可，核准
approval n. 赞成，同意；通过，批准，认可（计划、要求等）；（商品）使用，包退包换
approving adj. 赞成的额，同意的
approvingly adv.
demonstrate v. 证明，证实，论证，说明；表达，表露，表现，显露；示范，演示；集会示威，游行示威
demonstration n. 集会示威，游行示威；示范表演；证明，证实，论证， 说明；表达，表露， 表现，显露
demonstrative adj. 公开表露感情（尤指爱慕之情）的，感情外露的；（语法）指示的 n. （语法）限定词，指示代词
demonstrator n. （集会或游行的）示威者；示范者，演示者
employ v. 雇用；应用，运用，使用；n. 替某人工作，为某人所雇用
employable adj. 具备受雇条件的，适宜雇用的
employee n. 受雇者，雇工，雇员
employer n. 雇佣者，雇主老板
employment n.工作，职业，受雇；就业；雇用；使用利用
identical adj. 完全同样的，相同的；同一的
identically adv.
interpret v. 诠释，说明；把……理解为，领会；口译；演绎（按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色）
interpretable adj.
interpretation n.理解，解释，说明；演绎，演奏方式，表演方式
interpretative adj. 理解的，解释的，表演的，演绎的
interpreter n. 口译工作者，口译译员；演绎（音乐、戏剧中人物等）的人；（计算机）解释程序
differ v. 相异，有区别，不同于；意见相左，持不同看法，不同意
difference n. 差别，差异，不同（之处），变化（之处）；差额；意见分歧，不和
different adj. 不同的，有差异的，有区别的；分别的，各种的；不平常，与众不同，别致
differential n. 差别，差额，差价，（尤指同行业不同工种的）工资级差 adj. 差别的，以差别而定的，有区别的
compare v. 比较，对比；与……类似（或相似）；表明……与……相似，将……比作 n. 无与伦比，举世无双(beyond/ without compare)
comparison n. 比较；对比，相似；
comparable adj. 类似的，可比较地
comparability n. 可比性
comparative adj. 比较的，相比的；比较而言的，相对的；（语法）比较级的
comparatively adv. 比较上，相对地
favour n. 帮助，好事，恩惠；赞同，支持；特别照顾，偏袒，偏爱 v. 较喜欢，选择；优惠，特别照顾，偏袒；有助于，有利于；外貌像，长得像（父母或长辈）
favourable adj. 给人好印象的；肯定的，赞同的，支持的；有利的，有助于……的；好而不贵的，优惠的
favoured adj. 受到宠爱的，得到偏爱的，获得优惠的；大众喜爱的；称心如意的，中意的
favorite adj. 特别受喜爱的；（美国大选第一阶段）本州支持的总统候选人 n. 特别喜爱的人（或事物）；受宠的人，得到偏爱的人；（比赛中）被认为最有希望的获胜者；（取得职位等的）足有希望者
favouritism n. 偏爱，偏袒
infer v. 推断，推论，推理；间接地提出，暗示，意指
inference n. 推断的结果，结论；推断，推理，推论
anger n. 怒，怒火，怒气 v. 使发怒，激怒
angry adj. 发怒的，生气的，愤怒的；红肿的，感染的，发炎的；狂风暴雨的，波涛汹涌的，天昏地暗的
reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
reliability n. 可靠性
reliably adv. 可信赖地，真实可信地
incident n. 发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）；严重事件，暴力事件（如犯罪、事故、袭击等）；（两国间的）摩擦，冲突，（常指）军事冲突
incidental adj. 附带发生的，次要的，非有意的；（术语）作为自然结果的，伴随而来的，免不了的 n. 附带的次要事情
incidentally adv. （引出新话题、附加信息、或临时想到的问题）顺便提一句； 偶然，附带地
light n. 光，光线，光亮；（具有某种颜色和特性的）光；发光体，光源，（尤指）电灯；火柴，打火机，点火器；眼神；（图画中和暗色对比的）亮色，浅色；（建筑）窗户，光线进口，采光孔；adj. 充满亮光的，明亮的，有自然光的；浅色的，淡色的；轻的，轻便的；（比平均或平常重量）轻的；（与重量单位连用）分量不足的；轻柔的，柔和的，不太用力的；容易做的，轻松的，不使人疲劳的；少量的，程度低的；不严厉的；娱乐性的，消遣性的，轻松的；不严肃的；无忧无虑的，愉快的，快活的；（一餐饭）少量的；不腻的，清淡的，易消化的；含有许多空气的，松软的；酒精含量低的，低度酒的；睡得不沉的，易醒的；v. 点燃，点火；开始燃烧；照亮，使明亮；用光指引
lighted adj. 点燃的，燃烧的；灯火通明的，灯光照亮的
lighten v. 减轻，减少（工作量、债务、担忧等）；（使）变明亮，变成淡色；（使）感到不那么悲伤（或担忧、严肃），缓和；减轻……的重量
lighter n. 打火机；驳船
lighting n. 照明，灯光，布光；照明
lightly adv. 轻柔地，轻微地，轻轻地；少许，不多；漫不经心地，满不在乎地；不慎重地，草率地，轻率地
lightning n. 闪电 adj. 闪电般的，飞快的，突然的
assess v. 评估，评定（性质、质量）；估算，估定，核定（数量、价值）
assessment n. 看法，评估；评定，核定，判定；核定的付款额
assessor n. （法庭或官方团体的）顾问，襄审员；（财产、费用等的）估价员；（考试、比赛等的）考核人，评判员
straight adv. 笔直地，平正地，成直线；直接，径直，立即；正，直；连续不断地，一连 adj. 直的；直筒型（非紧身的）；准的，正中目标的；平正的，正的，直的，与……平行的；整洁，整齐；坦诚的，直率的；简单明了的，非此即彼的；（演员或戏剧）严肃的，正统的（与戏剧、音乐剧无关）；连续的，不间断的；纯的，不掺水（或其他东西）的；规矩老实的，本分无趣的，正统的；n. 直道部分
straighten v. （使）变直，变正；挺直，端正（身体）
reveal v. 揭示，显示，透露；显出，露出，展示
revealing adj. 揭露真相的，发人深省的；（衣服）暴露的，使身体过分裸露的
revealingly adv.
clarify v. 使更清晰易懂，阐明，澄清；（尤指通过加热使黄油）纯净，净化
clarification n. 净化，澄清
educate v. （在学校）教育；教导，教养，训练
educated adj. 受过……教育（或训练）的，上过……学校的；受过良好教育（或训练）的，有教养的
education n. （尤指学校）教育；教育，培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；(Education)教育学；有教益的经历
educational adj. 教育的，有关教育的，有教育意义的
educationally adv.
educationalist n. 教育学家，教育家
educative adj. 教育的，有教育作用的
educator n. 教育工作者，教师；教育学家，教育家
tend v. 往往会，常常就；趋向，走向，倾向，趋于；照料，照管，护理；招待，侍候，照顾，照料（商店、酒吧等的顾客）
tendency n. 倾向，偏好，性情；趋势，趋向；（政党内的）极端派别
tendentious adj. （演讲、文章、理论等）倾向性的，有偏见的，有争议的
tendentiously adv.
tendentiousness n.
imply v. 含有……的意思，暗示，暗指；说明，表明；（思想、行为等）必然包含，使有必要
implication n. 可能的影响（或结果、作用）；寒意，暗指；（被）牵连，牵涉
bare adj. 裸露的；（树木或村野）（树木）光秃秃的，（土地）荒芜的；（表面）无遮盖的，没有保护的；（房间、柜子等）空的；仅够的，最基本的，最简单的 v. 揭开，脱掉（衣服等）
barely adv. 仅仅，刚刚，勉强可能；几乎不，几乎没有；刚好，不超过（某个数量、年龄、时间等）；刚才，刚刚
occupy v. 使用，占用（空间、面积、时间等）；使用（房屋、建筑），居住；侵占，占领，占据；使忙于（做某事），忙着（做某事）；任职，执政
occupied adj. 使用中，有人使用（或居住）；忙于；（国家等）被占领的，被侵占的
occupation n. 工作，职业；消遣，业余活动；侵占，占领，占领期；（土地、房屋、建筑等的）使用，居住，占用
occupational adj. 职业的
occupationally adv.
occupancy n. （房屋、土地等的）占用，使用，居住
occupant n. （房屋、建筑等的）使用者，居住者；（汽车等内的）乘坐者，占用者
distinguish v. 区分，辨别，分清；（不用于进行时）成为……的特征，使具有……的特色，使有别于；（不用于进行时）看清，认出，听出；使出众，使著名，使受人青睐
distinguished adj. 卓越的，杰出的，著名的；显得重要的，高贵的，有尊严的
distinguishable adj. 容易辨认的
anxiety n. 焦虑，忧虑；担心，忧虑，害怕；渴望
anxious adj. 焦虑，忧虑，担心；令人焦虑的，流露出忧虑的；渴望，非常希望
anxiously adv.
embarrass v. （尤指在社交场合）使窘迫，使尴尬；使困惑，使为难，使陷入困境
embarrassed adj. （人或行为）（尤指在社交场合）窘迫的，尴尬的，害羞的；结局的，经济困难的
embarrassing adj. 使人害羞的（或难堪的、惭愧的）；使显得愚蠢的（或不诚实的等）
embarrassingly adv.
embarrassment n. 害羞，窘迫，愧疚，难堪；使人为难的处境，困境；令人为难（或难堪、尴尬）
的人
mere adj. 仅仅的，只不过；只凭……就足以 n. （也用于名称）小湖，池塘
merely adv. 仅仅，只不过
conflict n. 冲突，争执，争论；（军事）冲突，战斗；抵触，矛盾，不一致； v. （两种思想、信仰、说法等）冲突，抵触
conflicted adj. 因心理冲突而不知所措的
inquire (=enquire) v. 询问，打听
enquirer n. 询问者，调查者
enquiring adj. 好奇的，爱探索的，好问的；探询的，探究的
enquiry n. 调查，查究，查问；询问，打听；查询，探究，探索；(enquiries)问讯处
ultimate adj. 最后的，最终的，终极的；极端的，最好（或坏、伟大、重要等）的；根本的，基本的，基础性的 n. 最好（或先进、伟大等）的事物，极品，精华
ultimately adv. 最终，最后，终归；最基本地，根本上
adjust v. 调整，调节；适应，习惯；整理
adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的
adjustment n. 调整，调节；（行为、思想的）调整，适应
react v. 起反应，（对……）作出反应，回应；（对事物等）有不良反应，过敏；（化学）（物质）起化学反应，发生化学变化
reaction n. 反应，回应；（对旧观念等的）抗拒；生理反应，副作用；反应能力；反对，反动，阻碍；（化学）化学反应
reactivate adj. 使恢复活动，使重新出现
reactionary n. 反动分子，反对政治（或社会）变革者 n. 反动的
reactive adj. 反应的，有反应的，回应的；能起化学反应的，易反应的
reactivity n. 反应性
reactor n. 反应堆
2、词汇运用
1. differ []
v. 相异，有区别，不同于 A and B differ (from each other) | A differs from B
French differs from English in this respect.
在这方面法语不同于英语。
Ideas on childcare may differ considerably between the parents.
在抚育儿童方面父母的观点可能迥然不同。
v. 意见相左，持不同看法，不容易 differ (with sb.) (about/ on/ over sth.)
I have to differ with you on that.
在这一点上我不能同意你的看法。
difference []
n. 差别，差异，不容（之处），变化（之处）difference (between A and B) | difference (in sth.)
There are no significant differences between the education systems of the two countries.
这两国的教育制度没有大的差别。
There is no difference in the results.
结果没有差别。
I can never tell the difference between the twins.
我从来都分不清这对双胞胎。
n. 差，差额 difference (in sth.) between A and B)
There is not much difference in price between the two computers.
这两种计算机价格上没有多大的差别。
Cn. 意见分歧，不和
We have our differences, but she’s still my sister.
我们之间虽然不和，但她仍旧是我的妹妹。
make a/ no/ some/ … difference (to/ in sb./ sth.) 有（惑没有、有些等）作用、关系、影响
The rain didn’t make much difference to the game.
这场雨对比赛没多大的影响。
make all the difference (to sb./ sth.) 关系重大，大不相同，使更好受
A few kind words at the right time make all the difference.
在适当的时候说几句体贴话效果迥然不同。
different []
adj. 不同的，有区别的，有差异的 different (from/ to/ than sb./ sth.)
American English is significantly different from British English.
美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。
He saw he was no different than anybody else.
他认为他与其他人没有什么两样。
adj. 分别的，各种的
She offered us five different kinds of cake.
她给我们提供了五种不同的蛋糕。
differently [] adv.
Boys and girls may behave differently.
男孩儿和女孩儿的表现可能不同。
2. approve []
v. 赞成，同意 approve (of sb./sth.)
Do you approve of my idea
你同意我的想法吗？
vt. 批准，通过（计划、要求等）
The committee unanimously approved the plan.
委员会一致通过了计划。
vt. 认可，核准
The course is approved by the Department for Education.
课程已获教育部核准。
approving [] adj. 赞成的，同意的
He gave me an approving nod.
他向我点头表示同意。
approvingly [] adv.
She looked at him approvingly and smiled.
她面带微笑赞许地望着他。
approval []
Un. 赞成，同意
She desperately wanted to win her father’s approval.
她急不可待地想赢得父亲的赞同。
n. 批准，通过，认可（计划、要求等） approval (for sth.) (from sb.)
The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.
该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
Un. （商品）试用，包退包换
3. adjust []
vt. 调整，调节 adjust sth. (to sth.)
Adjust your language to the age of your audience.
要根据听众的年龄使用相应的语言。
v. 适应，习惯 adjust (to sth./ to doing sth.) | adjust (yourself to sth.)
It took her a while to adjust to living alone.
她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。
vt. 整理
He smoothed his hair and adjusted his tie.
他捋平头发，整了整领带。
adjustable [] adj. 可调整的，可调节的
The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable.
这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。
adjustment []
n. 调整，调节
I’ve made a few adjustments to the design.
我已对设计作了几处调整。
n. （行为、思想的）调整，适应
She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her marriage broke up.
婚姻破裂后，她熬过了一段感情调整期。
4. call短语
call at (a place) 参观（某地）
call on sb. 拜访（某人）
call back叫回来，收回；打电话回去；回忆
call for （公开）要求，需要（区分：call on）；去取（物件），去请（某人）；去接
call in下令收回,请求收回；引入,来访；打电话来（工作单位等）
call sb./sth. off 将……叫开，决定取消某事；宣告结束；（使注意力）转移开
call on 号召，；拜访，短暂的访问
call (sb.) out 召唤；出动（军队）（尤指处理紧急情况）；召集；向……挑战；下令罢工，通知罢工
call sb./sth. up 打电话给，使回忆起，征召……服兵役；召集；提出（议案）；征调（运动员为国参赛）；调用储存，调出备用
（二）阅读
Listening to How Bodies Talk (P.38)
I 课文解构
Listening to How Bodies Talk
Body language can give us information about people’s (1) ______.
Some body language has different meanings in different cultures, such as the gesture for “OK”, the gesture for “yes” and “no”. We should use it (2) ______.
Some gestures seem to mean the (3) ______ thing around the world, for example, the gesture for “I am full”.
Some gestures have different (4) ______. The best example is (5) ______.
Keys: 1 feelings 2 properly 3 same 4 uses 5 smiling
II True of False.
1. We can learn a lot about people’s feelings by watching their body language.
2. Body language has the same meaning in every country.
3. When we communicate with others face to face, we must make eye contact.
4. In Brazil and Germany, we shouldn’t make the gesture “OK”.
5. Placing your hands together and resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep” everywhere.
Keys: TFFTT
III 表格填空
We sue both words and body language (1) ______ our thoughts and opinions in our interactions with other people.
Body language varies (2) ______. Making eye contact in some countries is a way (3) ______; in other countries, eye contact is not always approved of.The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, it means money; in France, it means zero; in Brazil and Germany, it is not (4) ______.The gestures for “yes” and “no” (5) ______ around the world. In many countries, (6) ______ means “no”, and nodding means “yes”. By comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.There are also differen ces in (7) ______ we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and how we act when we meet or part.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere The gesture for “sleep” and the gesture for “I’m full” have the individually identical meanings in the world.
Some body language has many different uses. A smile can help us (8) ______ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.A Smile can break down barriers.We can use a smile (9) ______, to greet someone, to ask for help, or to start a conversation.Smiling at yourself in the mirror can make yourself feel (10) _____.Seeing the smiling face of a good friend can make you ease (年轻) your depression and loneliness.
Keys: 1 to express 2 from culture to culture 3 to display interest 4 considered polite 5 differ 6 shaking one’s head 7 how 8 get through 9 to apologize 10 happier and stronger
IV 根据课文内容选择正确答案
1. We used both words and body language to ______ in our interactions with other people.
A. express our thoughts and opinions B. show our anger
C. display our happiness D. express our sadness
2. In Japan, what might someone who witnesses another person employing the gesture of “OK” think
A. It means zero. B. It means being polite.
C. It means money. D. It means being approved.
3. How do people greet their friends when they meet in Russia
A. They stand close to their friends. B. They kiss their friends on the cheek.
C. They shake hands. D. They bow from the waist.
4. When someone is moving his hand in circle over his stomach after a meal, he wants to express ______.
A. he feels hungry B. he’s lonely
C. he feels like sleeping D. he’s full
Keys: ACBD
（三）教材里的语法题目
1. (P. 38) Just like ______ (speak) language, body language varies from culture to culture. The crucial thing is ______ (use) body language in a way ______ is appropriate to the culture ______ you are in.
2. (P. 38) For example, in many Middle Eastern countries, men and women are not ______ (society) permitted to make eye contact.
3. (P. 38) In Japan, someone who witnesses another person ______ (employ) the gesture for OK might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid ______ (make) this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
4. (P. 38) By ______ (compare), in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures for “yes” and “no” have the opposite meaning.
1 spoken; using; that/which; that/which 2 socially 3 employing; making 4 comparison
（四）单元重点词组积累
vary in 在……方面不同
vary from... to … 从……到……变化
vary with 随着……而变化
a variety of= varieties of 各种各样的
by contrast 相比之下
in contrast with/ to 与……成对比/对照，与……大不相同
contrast with 与……相差甚远，与……形成对比
approve of (doing) sth. 赞成（做）某事
approve of sb./sb.;s doing sth. 同意某人做某事
win/earn sb.’s approval 得到某人的赞同/赞许
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ sb. as/ to be … 雇用某人当……
out of employment 失业
differ in 在……方面不同
differ from 与……不同
be different from 不同于，与……有区别
be different in 在某方面不同
by comparison （与……）相比较
compare A with/ to B 把A与B进行比较
compare A to B 把A比作B
ask sb. a favour = ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙
do sb. a favour/ do a favour for sb. 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 赞成，主张
in one’s favour 对某人有利
break down 消除，分解，拆除，（机器等）出故障，失败，（身体、精神等）垮掉，崩溃
break out （战争、火灾等灾难性事故）爆发
break into 强行闯入
break through 突破，突围
in a/ one word 简言之，总之
have a word with sb. 与某人谈话
have words with sb. 与某人发生口角
keep/ break one’s word 信守/违背诺言
have a tendency to do sth. 有做某事的趋向
tend to do sth. 易于/往往会做某事
tend to/towards sth. 倾向于某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照看某人/某物
occupy sb./oneself in doing/ with sth. 忙于（做）某事
be occupied in doing sth. 忙于做某事
be occupied with 忙于某事
stare at 盯着看，凝视
stare into the distance 凝视着远方
stare sb. up and down 上下打量某人
distinguish between ...and … 区分/辨别……和……
distinguish … from … 使……有别于……；使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish oneself (as…) （作为……）……表现突出
be distinguished for … 因……而出名
with anxiety 焦虑地，急切地
be anxious for/ about 为……担心/挂念
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that …(should) do sth. 希望……做某事
bother to do/ doing sth. 费心做某事
bother sb. with/ about sth. 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about/ with sth./ sb. 因某事/某人而烦恼、费心
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应于（做）某事
adjust oneself to … 使自己适应（于）……
adjust … to … 调整……以适应……
（五）单元重点句式积累
1. word comes/ came that … 消息传来……
2. It bothers sb. that … 使某人苦恼的是……
It bothers sb. to do sth. 做某事让某人苦恼
3. whatever 引导名词性从句
People have a tendency to lean towards whatever they are interested in.
4. 部分否定
Not everyone likes it.
Everyone doesn’t like it.
Not all the students agree with you.
All the students don’t agree with you.
（六）语法 –ing作宾语和表语
一、-ing分词作表语
（略）——详见必修第三册第一单元相关章节
二、-ing分词作宾语
（一）什么是宾语？
宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词或介词之后，能作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或句子等。
（二）什么样的词后面可以接宾语？
及物动词和介词后面可以接宾语。
We visited that factory last month.
He once worked in that factory.
（三）什么样的词可以充当宾语？
名词、代词、动名词、to do不定式、the+adj.以及宾语从句。
I am reading a book.
I like it.
Do you mind opening the window
Do remember to close the door before you leave.
We should try our best to help the poor.
He said that he would come to see you.
（四）常见常考的后面只能接-ing（不接-to do不定式）作宾语的动词及短语有哪些？
mind（介意）, suggest（建议）, enjoy（欣赏）, appreciate（感激, 欣赏）, avoid（避免）, delay（推迟）, dislike（不喜欢, 厌恶）, escape（逃脱）, finish（完成）, forgive（宽恕）, imagine（想象）, keep（保持）, miss（错过）, practise（训练）, resist（抵抗, 抵制）, risk（冒险）, deny（拒绝, 否认）, consider（考虑）, admit (to)（承认）, contribute to（捐助、贡献）, get down to（着手做）, give way to（让位于）, keep to（坚持、遵守）, lead to （导致）, look forward to（期待）, take to（从事）, turn to（求助于）, stick to（忠于、坚持）, point to（指向、表明）, see to（注意、处理）, be used to（习惯于）, devote oneself to（献身于）, be equal to（胜任的、等于）, be familiar to（为……熟悉）。
（五）后面可以接-ing和-to do作宾语，意义不一样的动词
1、forget，remember，regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作晚于谓语动作（即：动作未发生，或动作未做），而后接-ing分词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。
Remember to turn off the lights before you leave.记得离开前把灯关掉。
Do you remember seeing me before 你记得以前见过我吗？
2、动词stop, go on, continue, mean, try, consider等动词后面接-ing分词和接不定式作宾语，意思也有所不同。
①stop/go on/continue doing sth. 表示：“停止/继续做现在正在进行的动作”。
Let’s stop/go on/ continue reading. 我们停止/继续阅读。
②stop/go on/continue to do sth. 表示:“停止(现在正在进行的动作)/继续做新的事情”。
(We have been reading books for ten minutes.) Let’s stop/go on/ continue to write.
（我们已经读了10分钟）。停下来/继续写一些东西吧。
Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the unit.
After a short rest，they went on working. 短暂地休息以后，他们又继续工作。
He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候，他停止了讲话。
While working, he stopped to talk to with Tom at times.工作的时候，他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。
3、try/ mean/ consider后具体要接-to do还是-ing形式，有改词在句子中的具体意思来决定。
try to do sth. 努力做某事（不一定做成）
try doing尝试做某事
mean to do打算做某事
mean doing 意味着（此时，主语由指物的词充当）
consider doing考虑做某事
consider A to be B 把A认为是B
I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again 请你再试一次好吗？
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。
4、动词allow，advise，forbid，permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语，不可以接动词不定式作宾语，但可接不定式作宾语补足语，构成allow sb. to do sth.。
Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。
We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。
注意：这一组动词经常以被动形式来考查。
These group of people are those who aren’t allowed ______ the room
A. entering B. to enter
5、动词need，require，want作“需要”解时，后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。
The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。
6、deserve “值得”，后接-ing，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The book deserves reading. =The book deserves to be read.
7、动词like，hate，prefer等后面，如表示一般性、经常性的动作，多用-ing分词；如指特定的、具体的某次动作，多用不定式。
I like swimming，but I don’t like to swim with you .我喜欢游泳，但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
8、动词begin，start后面，如表示有意识地开始做某事，常用-ing分词，否则用不定式更多一些。
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once.
注：下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语：
a . 当start，begin本身用于进行时态时。
When the teacher came into the room，he was starting to write to his parents.
b. 当start，begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。
Hearing the news，he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开，天开始下雨了。
9、can’t help to do“不能帮忙做某事”，can’t help doing“禁不住做某事”。
I am so busy these days，so I can’t help you decorate your house.
I can’t help laughing when I see his funny clothes.
10、look forward to do “向前看以做某事”，look forward to doing“期望着做某事”。
Look forward to avoid running into any car.
I am looking forward to receiving your letter.
11、need to do“需要做某事”，need doing=need to be done“需要被做”。
We need to find a new one.
The house needs repairing. =The house needs to be repaired.
三、练习
Exercise I 单句语法填空
1. She imagined ______ (sit) in her favourite armchair back home.
2. He had to admit ______ (steal) the money.
3. I don’t mind his ______ (come) back late if he doesn’t wake me up.
4. Don’t risk ______ (travel) alone in the forest.
5. The temple dating back to Ming Dynasty needs ______ (repair).
6. I regret ______ (tell) you that you have been fired.
7. My job is ______ (put) these parts together.
8. Our plan is ______ (finish) the work in two weeks.
Exercise II 完成句子
1. 他所做的事令人满意。
What he has done ________________________________.
2. 我们下一步是把原料准备好。
Our next step was ________________________________ raw materials ready.
3. 他建议推迟会议。
He suggested ________________________________.
4. 他试图对我的问题避而不答。
He tried to avoid ________________________________.
5. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
I meant ________________________________, but my father didn’t allow me to.
6. 不要忘记告诉他这个消息。
Don’t forget ________________________________ him the good news.
7. 我记得上星期把书还给了图书馆。
I ________________________________ the book to the library last week.
8. 如蒙赐赠此书，我将不胜感激。
I would very much ________________________________ a copy of the book.
9. 看到他们的表演，这名男子忍不住大笑了出来。
The man couldn’t help ________________________________ when he saw their performance.
10. 他已经习惯住在乡下了。
He ________________________________ the countryside.
Keys:
Exercise I
1 sitting 2 stealing/ having stolen 3 coming 4 travelling 5 repairing/ to be repaired 6 to tell 7 putting 8 to finish
Exercise II
1 is satisfying
2 to get
3 putting off the meeting
4 answering my questions
5 to go
6 to tell
7 remember returning
8 appreciate receiving
9 laughing out loudly
10 has got used to living in
（七）写作：
【写作练习】
（一）
假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，上周你校邀请Smith教授来校做了这一场各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表学校全体师生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。
内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 讲座的效果：师生了解了常用的身势语及其含义。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【写作提示】
1. 审题目
①确定体裁：感谢信
②确定人称：以第一人称为主
③确定时态：以一般现在时为主
2. 审要点
本文可分为三段：
第一段：开门见山，表明写信的目的：表示感谢。
第二段：本部分应对通过讲座师生了解了常用的肢体语言及其含义进行构思，属于半开放类，但不能漫无边际地联想，应做到发挥要合情合理，如：身势语是表达情感最有效的方法之一等。
第三段：结尾应再次表达感谢，紧扣写信的目的，与首段相呼应。
Dear Professor Smith,
My name is Li Hua. Representing our school, I’m writing to convey my sincere appreciation to you for the lecture you gave us last week.
Through your lecture, we have learned that body language is one of the most effective methods of expressing our feelings. For example, smiling is the most universal expression of happiness. Looking away from a person means showing no interest in the person. However, not all cultures greet people in the same way.
I do believe the knowledge will be very beneficial when we communicate with people from other countries. Thank you again for your wonderful lecture.
Yours,
Li Hua
（二）
人们通常使用口头语言进行交流，但在日常生活中，人们也会广泛地使用身体语言。
你认为身体语言重要吗？
日常生活中你会使用身体语言与其他人进行交流吗？
请根据以下信息，写一篇有关身体语言的短文。
内容要点：
1. 纵观人类历史，人们经常使用身体语言进行交流，身体语言像口头语言一样重要；
2. 当你的朋友伤心的时候，一个微笑或许比口头语言更有用；
3. 在嘈杂的环境下，使用身体语言去交流会更加容易。
要求：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
People usually communicate with others by spoke language. However, body language is widely used in our daily life.
Everyone has definitely used body language to communicate with others. You must have smiled to your friend when you meet him or her again after a long time. And it is obvious that throughout the history of mankind, people have been using body language to communicate with others frequently. For example, when you find your friend is depressed, you give him a smile to cheer him or her up and at that moment the smile is better than any words. What’s more, when surrounded by noises, you cannot make yourself understood by words but you can use gestures to express your ideas clearly.
In conclusion, body language is as important as spoken language.
高中英语(2019版）选择性必修第一册 词句基础练习
Unit 4 Body Language
一、英译汉（共10小题；单词每个1分，满分10分）
根据句意写出划线单词的汉语意思。
1. It might be necessary to make a few slight changes to the design.
2. After doing some research, experts revealed that the painting was fake.
3. The boy pulled up a chair behind his brother and put his chin on his shoulder.
4. When talking with others, you are not just using words, but using facial expressions as well as gestures.
5. Put a tick in the appropriate box if you would like further information about any of our products.
6. The security forces had to intervene to prevent the situation worsening.
7. Tom admits that playing video games sometimes distracts him from his homework.
8. As is well known, culture plays a large part in nonverbal communication.
9. The tests are supposed to provide a basis for the assessment of children.
10. The old man slumped down in his usual armchair and felt around for the newspaper.
1 细小的2 假的3 下巴4 手势5 钩号6 干预7 使分心8 非言语的9 评价10 垂头弯腰地坐
二、单词拼写（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
根据汉语或首字母提示填出本单元所学单词。
1. Instructors should ______ (展示) the new experiment before letting the class try it.
2. The past ten years has ______ (见证) the achievements of developing sports business.
3. In this hall, they are not allowed to ______ (使用) tools that use electricity.
4. Somewhere in the depths of the pine forest an ______ (相同的) sound reverberated.
5. She couldn’t speak much English so her children had to ______ (口译) for her.
6. We should deal with the ______ (事件) right now because it is of great importance.
7. The manager had just given a ______ (试用) to Mary who had previous experience.
8. The old man’s had shook ______ (稍微) as he inserted the key into the lock.
9. The ______ (双胞胎) are so alike, so it’s difficult to distinguish one from the other.
10. The technique is being tried in classrooms to ______ (评估) what effects it may have.
11. Make a good p______ and I will take a photo of you and your brother.
12. Old Mr. Brown b______ down and picked up the coins lying on the ground.
13. I have no choice but to b______ you to correct my mistakes in the material I attached to the letter.
14. Mr. Smith was so impressed by what she had done that he i______ the girl’s name.
15. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with ______ (冲突) among people.
1 demonstrate 2 witnessed 3 employ 4 identical 5 interpret 6 incident 7 trial 8 slightly 9 twins 10 assess 11 pose 12 bent 13 bother 14 inquired 15 conflicts
三、单句语法填空 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is said that these plants have a ______ (tend) to grow in the more rural areas.
2. Welcome t Windsor Castle, the oldest and largest ______ (occupy) castle in the world.
3. Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, ______ (anxious) and memory loss.
4. I felt such a sense of relief that I would no longer have to be ______ (embarrass) when I returned to school.
5. Thank you for writing to me and allowing me ______ (clarify) the present position.
6. When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed ______ my mother’s Chinese English.
7. Everything will ______ (ultimate) depend on what is said at the meeting.
8. Readers tend to share articles that inspire negative feelings like ______ (angry) or anxiety.
9. John is recognized to be ______ (rely) and hardworking, so you can rely on him.
10. When we entered the hall, a group of people stopped talking and stared ______ us.
1 tendency 2 occupied 3 anxiety 4 embarrassed 5 to clarify 6 of 7 ultimately 8 anger 9 reliable 10 at
四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
用方框内短语的适当形式填空。
get through be contrast break down by comparison with feel downstraighten up in other words react to approve of make inferences
1. When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned ____________.
2. My parents ____________ my trying to make money, but they asked me not to neglect my studies.
3. They told us that the second half of the game was dull ____________ the first half.
4. A human can sometimes ____________ based on previous knowledge.
5. We were downloading learning materials when our computer suddenly ____________.
6. Mother told little Mary to make beds and ____________ the rooms before she went out.
7. They asked Mr. Smith to leave the company- ____________, he was fired by the boss.
8. I was glad to hear that she ____________ the exam, which she had been preparing for a long time.
9. When you ____________ or lost, this notebook can be your source of inspiration.
10. When sharing a story with others, you care a lot more about how they ____________ it.
1 by contrast 2 approved of 3 by comparison with 4 make inferences 5 broke down 6 straighten up 7 in other words 8 got through 9 feel down 10 react to
高中英语（2019版） 选择性必修第一册 语法基础巩固练习
Unit 4 –ing作宾语和表语
I 单句语法填空
1. It is true that her job is______ (teach) English.
2. He was deeply affected because the story was very ______ (move).
3. My favorite sport is ______ (play) football.
4. We are thinking of ______ (make) a new plan for the next term.
5. Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion (错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are.
6. A 90-year-old had been awarded “Woman Of the Year” for ______ (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week.
7. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ______ (die) early by running.
8. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ______ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel challenged.
9. I still remember ______ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learn she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
1 teaching 2 moving 3 playing 4 making 5 noting 6 being 7 dying 8 looking 9 visiting
II 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 我们正考虑参观科学博物馆。
We’re considering ________________________ the Science Museum.
2. 我已习惯在这儿生活了。
I have been used to ________________________.
3. 我喜欢集邮和收集钱币。
I’m fond of ________________________.
4. 获得英语竞赛的第一名，我感到很自豪。
I’m proud of ________________________ in the English competition.
5. 我记得我的练习交过了。
I remember ________________________ my exercise.
6. 收音机需要修理了。
The radio needs ________________________.
7. 这个消息很令人失望。
The news is very ________________________.
8. 使我们失望的是，这个结果太令人吃惊了。
To our disappointment, the result was so ________________________.
1 paying a visit to
2 living here
3 collecting stamps and coins
4 winning the first prize
5 handing in
6 repairing/to be repaired
7 disappointing
8 shocking