2022届高考英语二轮复习语法专题之名词：语法填空专练（含答案与解析）
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| 名称 | 2022届高考英语二轮复习语法专题之名词：语法填空专练（含答案与解析） |  | |
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2022届高考英语二轮复习语法专题之名词
语法填空专练
1．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The ________ (long) of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 km and it is the world's longest cross-sea bridge.
2．（2020·全国高二课时练习）In addition to the lunar program, China's ________ (astronaut) have entered the space station of the country's own construction three times.
3．（2020·全国高二课时练习）China's favorable growth prospects and further opening-up policies are key factors that attract foreign direct ________ (invest).
4．（2020·全国高二课时练习）In addition to new words like “contactless deliver”, the ________ (frequent) of words like “cheer up” and “want to see you” was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2019.
5．（2020·全国高二课时练习）It doesn’t have anything to do with ignorant __________ (optimistic) when an individual refuses to notice a problem.
6．（2019·全国）Aimed at professional ______ (journal) and trainees (实习生), the book covers the full range of skills needed by reporters.
7．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian ______ (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.
8．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The sky is dotted with kites of different ______ (design), such as dancing butterflies, bounding dragons, and swimming fish.
9．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Researchers found that those with strong. close bonds with their friends at age fifteen were more likely to be healthy and happy later. Importantly, ______ ( popular), defined as lots of people liking you generally but not closely, wasn't found to have the same benefit as close friends.
10．（2022·全国高三专题练习）A video of Xiong Linghao, an 18-year-old blind girl playing Beethoven's Pathetique Sonata in an international youth piano ______ (compete) in Shanghai, went popular online.
11．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, Beijing 2022 reported that ______ (construct) of competition venues(场馆) remained on track to be completed by the end of this year.
12．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In 1956, West Virginia native Marian McQuade was trying to plan a celebration for the elderly______ (member) of her community.
13．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Another benefit of cycling is that you may be more creative and full of energy once you get to work, which will improve your______ (perform).
14．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In China,______（construct）has begun of the country’s first solar highway, in which solar panels are placed underneath transparent concrete.
15．（2022·全国高三专题练习）They found that the ______ (benefit) of jogging are maximized when done at an average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain success, regardless of your age or ______(healthy) condition.
16．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In Aug 2019, Liang won the gold medal at the 45th World Skills Competition in Electronics in Kazan, Russia, which is the biggest vocational education and skills excellence event in the world, organized every second year by the World Skills International with an aim to show the skills and promote career of______ (young).
17．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Andrea Dunn at the Cooper Research Institute in Dallas, Texas found patients who did daily 35-minute walks per week experienced a 47% ______ (reduce) in their depression levels.
18．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Fears of an inactive lifestyle and piling on the pounds are forcing many to find novel ______ (way) to move the body and stretch their muscles.
19．（2022·全国高三专题练习）“I'm glad to help him,” said Valdez. “We just need to treat people with ______ (kind) and respect. He stole our hearts.”
20．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The return capsule of ______ (China) Chang’e 5 probe touched down on its preset landing site in Siziwang banner of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region at 1:59 am on Thursday, bringing back the country’s first samples collected from the moon, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). 21．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It marked the successful______ (conclude) of China’s current three-step lunar exploration program of orbiting and landing, and bringing back samples, which began in 2004.
22．（2022·全国高三专题练习）About 80% of Chinese characters are composed of smaller ______ (part), which are combined in many different ways to form tens of thousands of hanzi. 23．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It's geologically younger than the sampling ______ (area) of the US and the former Soviet missions, so the new sample will help fill in an important piece of the puzzle of the Moon’s history.
24．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It is also important to note that the greatest ______ (amaze) of the journey is Chang'e 5's lunar landing site-referred to as the Ocean of Storms-on the near side of the moon, where no probes (探测器) have paid a visit before.
25．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted his move to the club and that “ his quick ______ (adapt) to La Liga (西甲) has surprised many people”.
26．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Shanghai culture is amazing, and the city is filled with smart people, dynamic interactions, a ______ (willing) to move and an appetite for being modern while embracing diversity and creating a business friendly environment.
27．（2022·全国高三专题练习）According to______ (official), the station is operated by a smart brain", a high-tech system that uses big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of things to provide various services for visitors while guaranteeing the smooth operation of the station and reducing the energy ______ (consume) of the entire building.
28．（2022·全国高三专题练习）When working with an amount of ______ (number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a better “keyboard” than the Western calculators.
29．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Though making entrance fees compulsory will make museums less accessible to some, many museums do have certain days of the week when ______ (admit) is free.
30．（2022·全国高三专题练习）You wouldn't think that a few______ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
31．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ______ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.
32．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________（marry）ceremony in 1842.
33．（2019·全国）Sweden has 32 clean-burning waste-to-energy plants , which burn waste to produce ________ (electric). （34．（2021·全国高二课前预习）As you wander around the fantasy ________(amuse) park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street.
35．（2021·全国）People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans(寿命), lower rates of depression and ______(anxious), better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems.
36．（2021·全国高一课时练习）Some parents will buy any hightech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said ________ (puzzle) help children with math-related skills. 37．（2021·全国高一课时练习）But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such ______ (injure) might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. （38．（2019·全国）I suggest that you develop the daily habit of acknowledging others and praising them for any ________ (contribute) that they make to your life.
39．（2021·黑龙江鹤岗市·鹤岗一中）We rented out a 5,000-square-foot________(exhibit) hall and we had 10,000 visitors show up for it. (40．（2019·全国高一课时练习）The little girl was the only ________ (survive) who survived the strong earthquake. She told the reporter that she had to survive ________ little food during the days when she was buried. I think her ________ (survive) was a real wonder.（用survive的适当形式及相关搭配完成句子）
41．（2021·全国高一专题练习）Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of ________ (belong).
42．（2021·全国高一专题练习）Meanwhile,the Internet has made our lives unbelievably ________ (convenience), with e-commerce ________ (provide) all sorts of ________ (货物) and services.
43．（2020·全国高一课时练习）The islands have seen the __________ (disappear) of the Hawaiian kingdom, the decimation (大批杀害) of its people and language.
44．（2020·全国高一课时练习）It contains _________ (exhibit) that have been collected from all over the world, although there is a special focus on the local area.
45．（2020·全国高一课时练习）During the _________ (exhibit), the museum will invite J. K. Rowling to give a special speech for the fans of Harry Potter.
46．（2020·全国高一课时练习）Having been an active ________（contribute）to our newspaper, he now writes a regular column on life as a Chinese teenager in the United States. 47．（2020·全国高一课时练习）While the folk wisdom can still provide a guide to help________ (predict) weather, today's methods of____②______(predict) increasingly rely on technology.
48．（2020·全国高一课时练习）A group of people _________ on the island hundreds of years ago. These new _________ helped the natives a lot in the _________ of farming methods. (settle)
49．（2021·全国高一课时练习）His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a _________ of two miles, while mine is ten miles _________ from his house, and our two families are _________ related. (distant)(
50．（2021·全国高一课时练习）As a famous pop star，he loves being_________by so many fans coming to visit him from the_________cities. And he also likes beautiful_________with green trees and flowers. (surround).
参考答案
1．length
2．astronauts
3．investment
4．frequency
5．optimism
6．journalists
7．artist
8．designs
9．popularity
10．competition
11．construction
12．members
13．performance
14．construction
15．benefits health
16．youth
17．reduction
18．ways
19．kindness
20．China’s
21．conclusion
22．parts
23．areas
24．amazement
25．adaptation
26．willingness
27．officials consumption
28．numbers
29．admission
30．months
31．watchtowers
32．marriage
33．electricity
34．amusement
35．anxiety
36．puzzles
37．injuries
38．contribution
39．exhibition
40．survivor on survival
41．belonging
42．convenient providing goods
43．disappearance
44．exhibits
45．exhibition
46．contributor
47．①predict ②prediction
48．settled settlers settlement
49．distance distant distantly
50．surrounded surrounding surroundings
详细解析
1．length
考查名词。句意：港珠澳大桥长度是55千米，是世界上最长的跨海大桥。根据空前的The可知，此处应用名词，表示长度，用作不可数名词，作主语，故填length。
2．astronauts
考查名词复数。句意：除了探月计划，中国宇航员还三次进入了国家自建的太空站。astronaut是可数名词，由空后谓语部分的助动词have可知，此处应用复数形式。故填astronauts。
3．investment
考查名词。句意：中国有利的发展前景以及进一步的开放政策是吸引外国直接投资的关键因素。direct是形容词，其后应跟名词，此处表示“中国有利的发展前景以及进一步的开放政策是吸引外国直接投资的关键因素”，空格处是名词“投资”，即investment，是不可数名词，故填investment。
4．frequency
考查名词。句意：除了像“无接触配送”这样的新词外，“加油”“想见你”这样的词在2020年的出现率显著超过了2019年。由空前后的the和of可知，此处应用名词，frequent的名词是frequency，意为“频率”，是不可数名词，故填frequency 。
5．optimism
考查名词。句意：当一个人拒绝注意到问题时，这与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系。在介词with后应用名词optimism表示“乐观”作宾语，抽象概念，不可数。故填optimism。
6．journalists
考查名词复数。句意：本书针对专业期刊和实习生，涵盖了记者所需要的全部技能。根据空后的trainees可知，这里应用名词和它并列，且journalist为可数名词，其前无限定词，故填journalists。
7．artist
考查名词。句意：尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。空处作主语，表示“艺术家”应用名词artist，此处为特指Gabi Rizea这个艺术家应用单数。故填artist。
8．designs
考查名词的数。句意：天空点缀着各种不同设计的风筝，有飞舞的蝴蝶，跳跃的龙，还有游泳的鱼。design为可数名词，且有different（不同的）”修饰。故填designs。
9．popularity
考查名词。句意：重要的是，受欢迎——被定义为很多人喜欢你但不是很喜欢你——并没有被发现和亲密的朋友有同样的好处。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语，此处应用所给形容词popular的名词形式作主语。故填popularity.
10．competition
考查名词。句意：近日，一段18岁盲女熊凌浩在上海国际青少年钢琴比赛上演奏贝多芬《悲歌》的视频在网上走红。冠词an后应用名词，所以应用名词competition（比赛）。故填competition。
11．construction
考查名词。句意：尽管2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行，但2022年北京冬奥会比赛场馆的建设仍将在今年年底前完成。介词of前应用名词，construction“建设”符合题意，抽象概念不可数。故填construction。
12．members
考查名词。句意：1956年，西弗吉尼亚州本地人玛丽安·麦奎德试图为她所在社区的老年成员策划一场庆祝活动。分析句子结构可知，elderly为形容词作定语，修饰名词，member为可数名词，此处指“老年成员”，是一个群体，需用名词复数形式。故填members。
13．performance
考查名词。句意：骑车的另一个好处是，一旦你开始工作，你可能会更有创造力，充满活力，这将提高你的表现。空格前your为形容词性物主代词，后应接名词作improve的宾语，perform意为“表演”，动词词性，对应的名词为performance，意为“表现”，为不可数名词，句中指提高你的工作表现。故填performance。
14．construction
考查名词。在中国，中国第一个太阳能高速公路的建设已经开始，在这个高速公路上，太阳能板被放置在透明的混凝土下面。用名词做主语，construct（建设）是动词，故答案为construction。
15．benefits health
1.考查名词。句意：他们发现，无论你的年龄或健康状况，只要一周一个或两个小时，且最大限度地在平均甚至缓慢的速度完成慢跑，就足以让你获得成功。第一空，根据空格后的be动词are可知，此处主语为名词benefit的复数形式。故填benefits；第二空，根据空格后的名词condition可知，此处应用healthy的名词形式health作定语修饰名词，表示condition的类别。故填health。
16．youth
考查名词。句意：2019年8月，在俄罗斯喀山举行的第45届世界技能大赛电子类比赛中，梁获得金奖，该赛事是世界技能国际组织每两年举办一次的全球最大的职业教育和技能精品赛事，旨在展示青少年的技能和促进职业发展。作介词of的宾语，表示“青少年”应用名词youth，不可数。故填youth。
17．reduction
考查名词。句意：德克萨斯达拉斯库珀研究所的安德里亚·邓恩博士进行的一项研究发现，每周每天步行35分钟的患者抑郁水平降低了47%。在动词experienced后应用名词。故填reduction。
18．ways
考查名词复数。句意：对不活跃的生活方式和体重增加的恐惧迫使许多人寻找新奇的方式来活动身体和伸展肌肉。way方法，方式“为可数名词，结合句意可知，人们找到的方式不止一种，所以要用名词复数。故填ways。
19．kindness
考查名词。句意：“我很乐意帮助他，” Valdez说。“我们只需要善待他人，尊重他人。他偷走了我们的心。因为是作with的宾语, 所以要用名词形式。kindness“善良”是不可数名词，故填kindness。
20．China’s
考查名词所有格。句意：请看《中国日报》的报道：据国家航天局消息，10日凌晨1时59分，嫦娥五号返回舱成功着陆在内蒙古自治区四子王旗其预定着陆点，带回我国首批月球采样。根据句意可知，此处表示所属关系，应用名词所有格。故填China’s。
21．conclusion
考查名词。句意：这标志着中国从2004年开始的绕月、着陆和带回月球样品的三步探月计划圆满结束。根据空前the及空后of可知，此处为名词所有格，应用名词。故填conclusion。
22．parts
考查名词复数。句意：大约80%的汉字是由较小的部分组成的，这些小部分以许多不同的方式组合起来，形成成千上万个汉字。根据空格前的形容词smaller以及定语从句中的谓语动词are combined可知，此处需要用可数名词part的复数形式。故填parts。
23．areas
考查名词的数。句意：它在地质上比美国和前苏联飞行任务的采样区域年轻，因此新的采样将有助于填补月球历史难题中的一个重要部分。根据句子中空处前the sampling，提示词是area，采样区域，所以是复数。故填areas。
24．amazement
考查名词。句意：还需要注意的是，旅程的最大惊奇之处在于嫦娥五号的登月地点-被称为月球附近的风暴海洋-在月球附近，这里没有探测器进行探访过。分析句子可知，空处前为the greatest形容词最高级，根据括号内提示词amaze，所以是名词形式做主语，形容词修饰名词，故填amazement。
25．adaptation
考查名词。句意：西班牙体育报纸Marca指出，吴先生回答了那些怀疑他转会到俱乐部的人，他说:“他对西甲的快速适应令许多人感到惊讶。”由空前his quick可知，形容词修饰名词，此处使用名词，意为“他的快速适应”。故填adaptation。
26．willingness
考查名词。句意：上海的文化令人惊叹，这座城市充满了聪明的人，充满活力的互动，人们愿意迁移，渴望现代化，同时包容多样性，创造了一个友好的商业环境。根据空前的a可知，空处填名词，作宾语，表示“意愿”。故填willingness。
27．officials consumption
1. 考查名词。句意：据有关官员介绍，“智慧大脑”是一种高科技系统，利用大数据、云计算、人工智能和物联网为游客提供各种服务，同时保证车站的平稳运行，降低整栋建筑的能源消耗。official为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，应用复数。故第一空填officials；第二空作宾语，表示“消耗”应填名词consumption，表抽象概念，不可数。故第二空填consumption。
28．numbers
考查名词。句意：当处理大量的数字时，算盘实际上更快，因为它有比西方计算器更好的“键盘”。an amount of “许多；大量”，后接可数名词时，应该用复数，number为可数名词。故填numbers。
29．admission
考查名词。句意：虽然强制收取门票会让一些人难以进入博物馆，但许多博物馆确实在一周中的某几天免费开放。when ______ (admit) is free是时间状语从句，从句缺乏主语，系动词is是单数，用不可数名词admission（门票费）。故填admission。
30．months
考查名词单复数。句意：你不会认为在十几岁的时候几个月的锻炼就足够你以后的生活了，这对建立你的词汇量也是正确的——你必须每天坚持，很快你就会发现你有一个很棒的词汇量。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。
31．watchtowers
考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和瞭望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
32．marriage
考察名词。句意：1844年，他们花了1200美元，从查尔斯·德莱瑟那里买了一些土地，德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前their及句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremony的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
33．electricity
考查名词。句意：瑞典有32个清洁的垃圾焚烧发电厂，这些发电厂通过燃烧垃圾发电。空处作宾语，表示“电力”应用名词electricity，为不可数名词。故填electricity。
34．amusement
考查名词。句意：当你在这个梦幻娱乐公园漫步时，你可能会在游行队伍中，甚至在街上看到白雪公主或米老鼠。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词amusement，作定语，修饰park，意为“娱乐公园”。故填amusement。
35．anxiety
考查名词。句意：积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑的几率更低，身体和心理更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。and连接空处和前文的life spans和lower rates of depression，所以空处应填名词，anxious的名词形式是anxiety，故填anxiety。
36．puzzles
考查名词。句意：一些父母会购买任何高科技玩具，只要他们认为这对孩子有帮助，但研究人员称，益智游戏有助于孩子的数学相关技能。said后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少主语，根据句意可知，空处填“智力游戏”，对应的英文为puzzle，再根据help可知，空处填复数puzzles。故填puzzle。
37．injuries
考查名词。句意：但这种奇怪的运动形式确实给脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，所以有这类受伤史的人在进行这项运动时要相当谨慎。such形容词后接名词，由句意可知不止一种伤，要用复数。故填injuries。
38．contribution
考查名词。句意：我建议你养成每天承认别人的习惯并且赞美他们对你生活的贡献。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填不可数名词contribution做介词for的宾语。故填contribution。
39．exhibition
考查名词。句意：我们租了一个5000平方英尺的展厅，会有1万名参观者来参观。分析可知此处要用名词作定语，exhibition hall“展厅”。故填exhibition。
40．survivor on survival
考查名词、介词。句意：这个小女孩是唯一一个在大地震中幸存的人。她告诉记者，她在被埋的日子里，依靠很少的食物活了下来。我认为她的幸存真的是一个奇迹。根据句意以及the only 提示，①空应填单数名词survivor“幸存者”在句中作表语成分；根据后文little food以及固定短语“survive on 靠……活下来”可知②应填介词on；由句意以及空前her可知③应填不可数名词survival“幸存”，在宾语从句中作主语成分。故填①survivor②on③survival。
41．belonging
【分析】
考查名词。句意：因为大学社区不同于家庭，很多学生很难找到归属感。分析可知，空前“of”为介词，所填空应是名词。“belong”，动词，意为“属于”，其名词形式为“belonging”，意为“稳定关系；归属感”，“a sense of belonging”，固定短语，“归属感”。故填belonging。
42．convenient providing goods
考查形容词、非谓语动词和名词。句意：同时，由于电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务，互联网使我们的生活变得难以置信的方便。第一空为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，表示“方便”应用形容词convenient，作宾补；第二空为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，provide与e-commerce构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补；第三空根据汉语提示“货物”可知应填名词goods作宾语。故填①convenient②providing③goods。
43．disappearance
考查名词。句意：这个岛见证了夏威夷王国的消失，人们的大批被杀害和语言的消失。根据句意和所给出的提示词可知，空处填名词disappearance作see的宾语，disappearance为不可数名词。故填disappearance。
44．exhibits
考查名词。句意：它包含了从世界各地收集的展品，虽然重点集中在当地地区。分析句子并结合空后的have可知，空处应使用名词复数exhibits，作contains的宾语。故填exhibits。
45．exhibition
考查名词。句意：展览期间，博物馆将邀请J·K·罗琳为哈利·波特迷们做特别演讲。分析可知，此处应用名词作during的宾语，结合the和语境可知，此处特指某次展览，应用单数名词。故填exhibition。
46．contributor
考查名词。句意：他一直是我们报纸的活跃撰稿人，现在定期为我们写专栏，介绍中国青少年在美国的生活。根据空前的an active可知，空处应该为名词单数，contributor意为“投稿者”，符合句意。故填contributor。
47．①predict ②prediction
考查动词和名词。句意：虽然民间智慧依然可以为预测天气提供帮助和指导，但是如今的预测方法越来越依赖于科技。help (to) do sth.“帮助做某事”，接不定式作宾语，故空格①填predict；介词后接名词作宾语，predict是动词，名词形式prediction，根据句意，此处用作不可数名词，故空格②填prediction。故填①predict；②prediction。
48．settled settlers settlement
考查一般过去时、名词复数和名词。句意：几百年前，一群人在这个岛上定居下来。这些新移民在耕作方式上对当地居民帮助很大。①处空格是句子的谓语，所以应用动词settle表示“定居”，根据“hundreds of years ago”可知，应用一般过去时。所以①处应填settled。②处空格是句子的主语，且根据 “helped the natives a lot”可知，此处应用名词settler表示“移居者”，在these后应用名词复数。所以②处应填settlers。在介词in后应用名词作宾语，根据“of farming methods ”可知，此处应用名词settlement表示“处理”。所以③处应填settlement。故填①settled②settlers③settlement。
49．distance distant distantly
考查名词、形容词和副词。句意：他的房子坐落在山上，两英里远就可以看到，而我的房子离他的房子有十英里远，而且我们两家是远房亲戚。第一空，根据上文冠词a可知应填名词distance，构成a distance of“……的距离”；第二空，表示“离……远”短语为distant from；第三空修饰形容词related应用副词distantly，作状语。故填①distance②distant③distantly。
50．surrounded surrounding surroundings
考查过去分词、形容词和名词。句意：作为一个著名的流行歌星，他喜欢被从周围城市来拜访他的众多歌迷所包围。他也喜欢有绿树和鲜花的美丽环境。“he loves being ① by...”已有谓语loves且无连词，动词surround用非谓语形式，结合being和by可知，逻辑主语he和动词surround是动宾关系，用动名词的被动式（being done），第一空用过去分词形式；第二空，用形容词surrounding(周围的)做定语修饰名词cities；第三空用名词surroundings(环境)做动词likes的宾语。故填①surrounded②surrounding③surroundings。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
语法填空专练
1．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The ________ (long) of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is 55 km and it is the world's longest cross-sea bridge.
2．（2020·全国高二课时练习）In addition to the lunar program, China's ________ (astronaut) have entered the space station of the country's own construction three times.
3．（2020·全国高二课时练习）China's favorable growth prospects and further opening-up policies are key factors that attract foreign direct ________ (invest).
4．（2020·全国高二课时练习）In addition to new words like “contactless deliver”, the ________ (frequent) of words like “cheer up” and “want to see you” was significantly higher in 2020 than in 2019.
5．（2020·全国高二课时练习）It doesn’t have anything to do with ignorant __________ (optimistic) when an individual refuses to notice a problem.
6．（2019·全国）Aimed at professional ______ (journal) and trainees (实习生), the book covers the full range of skills needed by reporters.
7．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In spite of his obvious talent, the Romanian ______ (art) recently got into art school in order to fully master woodcarving.
8．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The sky is dotted with kites of different ______ (design), such as dancing butterflies, bounding dragons, and swimming fish.
9．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Researchers found that those with strong. close bonds with their friends at age fifteen were more likely to be healthy and happy later. Importantly, ______ ( popular), defined as lots of people liking you generally but not closely, wasn't found to have the same benefit as close friends.
10．（2022·全国高三专题练习）A video of Xiong Linghao, an 18-year-old blind girl playing Beethoven's Pathetique Sonata in an international youth piano ______ (compete) in Shanghai, went popular online.
11．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, Beijing 2022 reported that ______ (construct) of competition venues(场馆) remained on track to be completed by the end of this year.
12．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In 1956, West Virginia native Marian McQuade was trying to plan a celebration for the elderly______ (member) of her community.
13．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Another benefit of cycling is that you may be more creative and full of energy once you get to work, which will improve your______ (perform).
14．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In China,______（construct）has begun of the country’s first solar highway, in which solar panels are placed underneath transparent concrete.
15．（2022·全国高三专题练习）They found that the ______ (benefit) of jogging are maximized when done at an average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain success, regardless of your age or ______(healthy) condition.
16．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In Aug 2019, Liang won the gold medal at the 45th World Skills Competition in Electronics in Kazan, Russia, which is the biggest vocational education and skills excellence event in the world, organized every second year by the World Skills International with an aim to show the skills and promote career of______ (young).
17．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Andrea Dunn at the Cooper Research Institute in Dallas, Texas found patients who did daily 35-minute walks per week experienced a 47% ______ (reduce) in their depression levels.
18．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Fears of an inactive lifestyle and piling on the pounds are forcing many to find novel ______ (way) to move the body and stretch their muscles.
19．（2022·全国高三专题练习）“I'm glad to help him,” said Valdez. “We just need to treat people with ______ (kind) and respect. He stole our hearts.”
20．（2022·全国高三专题练习）The return capsule of ______ (China) Chang’e 5 probe touched down on its preset landing site in Siziwang banner of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region at 1:59 am on Thursday, bringing back the country’s first samples collected from the moon, according to the China National Space Administration (CNSA). 21．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It marked the successful______ (conclude) of China’s current three-step lunar exploration program of orbiting and landing, and bringing back samples, which began in 2004.
22．（2022·全国高三专题练习）About 80% of Chinese characters are composed of smaller ______ (part), which are combined in many different ways to form tens of thousands of hanzi. 23．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It's geologically younger than the sampling ______ (area) of the US and the former Soviet missions, so the new sample will help fill in an important piece of the puzzle of the Moon’s history.
24．（2022·全国高三专题练习）It is also important to note that the greatest ______ (amaze) of the journey is Chang'e 5's lunar landing site-referred to as the Ocean of Storms-on the near side of the moon, where no probes (探测器) have paid a visit before.
25．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Spanish sport newspaper Marca noted that Wu has answered those who doubted his move to the club and that “ his quick ______ (adapt) to La Liga (西甲) has surprised many people”.
26．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Shanghai culture is amazing, and the city is filled with smart people, dynamic interactions, a ______ (willing) to move and an appetite for being modern while embracing diversity and creating a business friendly environment.
27．（2022·全国高三专题练习）According to______ (official), the station is operated by a smart brain", a high-tech system that uses big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and the Internet of things to provide various services for visitors while guaranteeing the smooth operation of the station and reducing the energy ______ (consume) of the entire building.
28．（2022·全国高三专题练习）When working with an amount of ______ (number), an abacus is practically faster, since it has a better “keyboard” than the Western calculators.
29．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Though making entrance fees compulsory will make museums less accessible to some, many museums do have certain days of the week when ______ (admit) is free.
30．（2022·全国高三专题练习）You wouldn't think that a few______ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary--you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.
31．（2022·全国高三专题练习）Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ______ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their daily routines.
32．（2022·全国高三专题练习）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ________（marry）ceremony in 1842.
33．（2019·全国）Sweden has 32 clean-burning waste-to-energy plants , which burn waste to produce ________ (electric). （34．（2021·全国高二课前预习）As you wander around the fantasy ________(amuse) park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or even on the street.
35．（2021·全国）People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans(寿命), lower rates of depression and ______(anxious), better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems.
36．（2021·全国高一课时练习）Some parents will buy any hightech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said ________ (puzzle) help children with math-related skills. 37．（2021·全国高一课时练习）But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such ______ (injure) might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. （38．（2019·全国）I suggest that you develop the daily habit of acknowledging others and praising them for any ________ (contribute) that they make to your life.
39．（2021·黑龙江鹤岗市·鹤岗一中）We rented out a 5,000-square-foot________(exhibit) hall and we had 10,000 visitors show up for it. (40．（2019·全国高一课时练习）The little girl was the only ________ (survive) who survived the strong earthquake. She told the reporter that she had to survive ________ little food during the days when she was buried. I think her ________ (survive) was a real wonder.（用survive的适当形式及相关搭配完成句子）
41．（2021·全国高一专题练习）Because a college community(群体) differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of ________ (belong).
42．（2021·全国高一专题练习）Meanwhile,the Internet has made our lives unbelievably ________ (convenience), with e-commerce ________ (provide) all sorts of ________ (货物) and services.
43．（2020·全国高一课时练习）The islands have seen the __________ (disappear) of the Hawaiian kingdom, the decimation (大批杀害) of its people and language.
44．（2020·全国高一课时练习）It contains _________ (exhibit) that have been collected from all over the world, although there is a special focus on the local area.
45．（2020·全国高一课时练习）During the _________ (exhibit), the museum will invite J. K. Rowling to give a special speech for the fans of Harry Potter.
46．（2020·全国高一课时练习）Having been an active ________（contribute）to our newspaper, he now writes a regular column on life as a Chinese teenager in the United States. 47．（2020·全国高一课时练习）While the folk wisdom can still provide a guide to help________ (predict) weather, today's methods of____②______(predict) increasingly rely on technology.
48．（2020·全国高一课时练习）A group of people _________ on the island hundreds of years ago. These new _________ helped the natives a lot in the _________ of farming methods. (settle)
49．（2021·全国高一课时练习）His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a _________ of two miles, while mine is ten miles _________ from his house, and our two families are _________ related. (distant)(
50．（2021·全国高一课时练习）As a famous pop star，he loves being_________by so many fans coming to visit him from the_________cities. And he also likes beautiful_________with green trees and flowers. (surround).
参考答案
1．length
2．astronauts
3．investment
4．frequency
5．optimism
6．journalists
7．artist
8．designs
9．popularity
10．competition
11．construction
12．members
13．performance
14．construction
15．benefits health
16．youth
17．reduction
18．ways
19．kindness
20．China’s
21．conclusion
22．parts
23．areas
24．amazement
25．adaptation
26．willingness
27．officials consumption
28．numbers
29．admission
30．months
31．watchtowers
32．marriage
33．electricity
34．amusement
35．anxiety
36．puzzles
37．injuries
38．contribution
39．exhibition
40．survivor on survival
41．belonging
42．convenient providing goods
43．disappearance
44．exhibits
45．exhibition
46．contributor
47．①predict ②prediction
48．settled settlers settlement
49．distance distant distantly
50．surrounded surrounding surroundings
详细解析
1．length
考查名词。句意：港珠澳大桥长度是55千米，是世界上最长的跨海大桥。根据空前的The可知，此处应用名词，表示长度，用作不可数名词，作主语，故填length。
2．astronauts
考查名词复数。句意：除了探月计划，中国宇航员还三次进入了国家自建的太空站。astronaut是可数名词，由空后谓语部分的助动词have可知，此处应用复数形式。故填astronauts。
3．investment
考查名词。句意：中国有利的发展前景以及进一步的开放政策是吸引外国直接投资的关键因素。direct是形容词，其后应跟名词，此处表示“中国有利的发展前景以及进一步的开放政策是吸引外国直接投资的关键因素”，空格处是名词“投资”，即investment，是不可数名词，故填investment。
4．frequency
考查名词。句意：除了像“无接触配送”这样的新词外，“加油”“想见你”这样的词在2020年的出现率显著超过了2019年。由空前后的the和of可知，此处应用名词，frequent的名词是frequency，意为“频率”，是不可数名词，故填frequency 。
5．optimism
考查名词。句意：当一个人拒绝注意到问题时，这与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系。在介词with后应用名词optimism表示“乐观”作宾语，抽象概念，不可数。故填optimism。
6．journalists
考查名词复数。句意：本书针对专业期刊和实习生，涵盖了记者所需要的全部技能。根据空后的trainees可知，这里应用名词和它并列，且journalist为可数名词，其前无限定词，故填journalists。
7．artist
考查名词。句意：尽管天赋出众，这位罗马尼亚艺术家最近还是为了全面掌握木雕技艺而考上了艺术学校。空处作主语，表示“艺术家”应用名词artist，此处为特指Gabi Rizea这个艺术家应用单数。故填artist。
8．designs
考查名词的数。句意：天空点缀着各种不同设计的风筝，有飞舞的蝴蝶，跳跃的龙，还有游泳的鱼。design为可数名词，且有different（不同的）”修饰。故填designs。
9．popularity
考查名词。句意：重要的是，受欢迎——被定义为很多人喜欢你但不是很喜欢你——并没有被发现和亲密的朋友有同样的好处。分析句子可知，空格处为句子主语，此处应用所给形容词popular的名词形式作主语。故填popularity.
10．competition
考查名词。句意：近日，一段18岁盲女熊凌浩在上海国际青少年钢琴比赛上演奏贝多芬《悲歌》的视频在网上走红。冠词an后应用名词，所以应用名词competition（比赛）。故填competition。
11．construction
考查名词。句意：尽管2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行，但2022年北京冬奥会比赛场馆的建设仍将在今年年底前完成。介词of前应用名词，construction“建设”符合题意，抽象概念不可数。故填construction。
12．members
考查名词。句意：1956年，西弗吉尼亚州本地人玛丽安·麦奎德试图为她所在社区的老年成员策划一场庆祝活动。分析句子结构可知，elderly为形容词作定语，修饰名词，member为可数名词，此处指“老年成员”，是一个群体，需用名词复数形式。故填members。
13．performance
考查名词。句意：骑车的另一个好处是，一旦你开始工作，你可能会更有创造力，充满活力，这将提高你的表现。空格前your为形容词性物主代词，后应接名词作improve的宾语，perform意为“表演”，动词词性，对应的名词为performance，意为“表现”，为不可数名词，句中指提高你的工作表现。故填performance。
14．construction
考查名词。在中国，中国第一个太阳能高速公路的建设已经开始，在这个高速公路上，太阳能板被放置在透明的混凝土下面。用名词做主语，construct（建设）是动词，故答案为construction。
15．benefits health
1.考查名词。句意：他们发现，无论你的年龄或健康状况，只要一周一个或两个小时，且最大限度地在平均甚至缓慢的速度完成慢跑，就足以让你获得成功。第一空，根据空格后的be动词are可知，此处主语为名词benefit的复数形式。故填benefits；第二空，根据空格后的名词condition可知，此处应用healthy的名词形式health作定语修饰名词，表示condition的类别。故填health。
16．youth
考查名词。句意：2019年8月，在俄罗斯喀山举行的第45届世界技能大赛电子类比赛中，梁获得金奖，该赛事是世界技能国际组织每两年举办一次的全球最大的职业教育和技能精品赛事，旨在展示青少年的技能和促进职业发展。作介词of的宾语，表示“青少年”应用名词youth，不可数。故填youth。
17．reduction
考查名词。句意：德克萨斯达拉斯库珀研究所的安德里亚·邓恩博士进行的一项研究发现，每周每天步行35分钟的患者抑郁水平降低了47%。在动词experienced后应用名词。故填reduction。
18．ways
考查名词复数。句意：对不活跃的生活方式和体重增加的恐惧迫使许多人寻找新奇的方式来活动身体和伸展肌肉。way方法，方式“为可数名词，结合句意可知，人们找到的方式不止一种，所以要用名词复数。故填ways。
19．kindness
考查名词。句意：“我很乐意帮助他，” Valdez说。“我们只需要善待他人，尊重他人。他偷走了我们的心。因为是作with的宾语, 所以要用名词形式。kindness“善良”是不可数名词，故填kindness。
20．China’s
考查名词所有格。句意：请看《中国日报》的报道：据国家航天局消息，10日凌晨1时59分，嫦娥五号返回舱成功着陆在内蒙古自治区四子王旗其预定着陆点，带回我国首批月球采样。根据句意可知，此处表示所属关系，应用名词所有格。故填China’s。
21．conclusion
考查名词。句意：这标志着中国从2004年开始的绕月、着陆和带回月球样品的三步探月计划圆满结束。根据空前the及空后of可知，此处为名词所有格，应用名词。故填conclusion。
22．parts
考查名词复数。句意：大约80%的汉字是由较小的部分组成的，这些小部分以许多不同的方式组合起来，形成成千上万个汉字。根据空格前的形容词smaller以及定语从句中的谓语动词are combined可知，此处需要用可数名词part的复数形式。故填parts。
23．areas
考查名词的数。句意：它在地质上比美国和前苏联飞行任务的采样区域年轻，因此新的采样将有助于填补月球历史难题中的一个重要部分。根据句子中空处前the sampling，提示词是area，采样区域，所以是复数。故填areas。
24．amazement
考查名词。句意：还需要注意的是，旅程的最大惊奇之处在于嫦娥五号的登月地点-被称为月球附近的风暴海洋-在月球附近，这里没有探测器进行探访过。分析句子可知，空处前为the greatest形容词最高级，根据括号内提示词amaze，所以是名词形式做主语，形容词修饰名词，故填amazement。
25．adaptation
考查名词。句意：西班牙体育报纸Marca指出，吴先生回答了那些怀疑他转会到俱乐部的人，他说:“他对西甲的快速适应令许多人感到惊讶。”由空前his quick可知，形容词修饰名词，此处使用名词，意为“他的快速适应”。故填adaptation。
26．willingness
考查名词。句意：上海的文化令人惊叹，这座城市充满了聪明的人，充满活力的互动，人们愿意迁移，渴望现代化，同时包容多样性，创造了一个友好的商业环境。根据空前的a可知，空处填名词，作宾语，表示“意愿”。故填willingness。
27．officials consumption
1. 考查名词。句意：据有关官员介绍，“智慧大脑”是一种高科技系统，利用大数据、云计算、人工智能和物联网为游客提供各种服务，同时保证车站的平稳运行，降低整栋建筑的能源消耗。official为可数名词，此处前文没有冠词，应用复数。故第一空填officials；第二空作宾语，表示“消耗”应填名词consumption，表抽象概念，不可数。故第二空填consumption。
28．numbers
考查名词。句意：当处理大量的数字时，算盘实际上更快，因为它有比西方计算器更好的“键盘”。an amount of “许多；大量”，后接可数名词时，应该用复数，number为可数名词。故填numbers。
29．admission
考查名词。句意：虽然强制收取门票会让一些人难以进入博物馆，但许多博物馆确实在一周中的某几天免费开放。when ______ (admit) is free是时间状语从句，从句缺乏主语，系动词is是单数，用不可数名词admission（门票费）。故填admission。
30．months
考查名词单复数。句意：你不会认为在十几岁的时候几个月的锻炼就足够你以后的生活了，这对建立你的词汇量也是正确的——你必须每天坚持，很快你就会发现你有一个很棒的词汇量。month为可数名词，且由a few可知month应用复数形式。故填months。
31．watchtowers
考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和瞭望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
32．marriage
考察名词。句意：1844年，他们花了1200美元，从查尔斯·德莱瑟那里买了一些土地，德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前their及句意可知，此处要用名词marriage作ceremony的定语，表示“结婚仪式，结婚典礼”。故填marriage。
33．electricity
考查名词。句意：瑞典有32个清洁的垃圾焚烧发电厂，这些发电厂通过燃烧垃圾发电。空处作宾语，表示“电力”应用名词electricity，为不可数名词。故填electricity。
34．amusement
考查名词。句意：当你在这个梦幻娱乐公园漫步时，你可能会在游行队伍中，甚至在街上看到白雪公主或米老鼠。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词amusement，作定语，修饰park，意为“娱乐公园”。故填amusement。
35．anxiety
考查名词。句意：积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑的几率更低，身体和心理更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。and连接空处和前文的life spans和lower rates of depression，所以空处应填名词，anxious的名词形式是anxiety，故填anxiety。
36．puzzles
考查名词。句意：一些父母会购买任何高科技玩具，只要他们认为这对孩子有帮助，但研究人员称，益智游戏有助于孩子的数学相关技能。said后接宾语从句，宾语从句缺少主语，根据句意可知，空处填“智力游戏”，对应的英文为puzzle，再根据help可知，空处填复数puzzles。故填puzzle。
37．injuries
考查名词。句意：但这种奇怪的运动形式确实给脚踝和臀部造成了相当大的压力，所以有这类受伤史的人在进行这项运动时要相当谨慎。such形容词后接名词，由句意可知不止一种伤，要用复数。故填injuries。
38．contribution
考查名词。句意：我建议你养成每天承认别人的习惯并且赞美他们对你生活的贡献。分析句子成分可知，空格处应填不可数名词contribution做介词for的宾语。故填contribution。
39．exhibition
考查名词。句意：我们租了一个5000平方英尺的展厅，会有1万名参观者来参观。分析可知此处要用名词作定语，exhibition hall“展厅”。故填exhibition。
40．survivor on survival
考查名词、介词。句意：这个小女孩是唯一一个在大地震中幸存的人。她告诉记者，她在被埋的日子里，依靠很少的食物活了下来。我认为她的幸存真的是一个奇迹。根据句意以及the only 提示，①空应填单数名词survivor“幸存者”在句中作表语成分；根据后文little food以及固定短语“survive on 靠……活下来”可知②应填介词on；由句意以及空前her可知③应填不可数名词survival“幸存”，在宾语从句中作主语成分。故填①survivor②on③survival。
41．belonging
【分析】
考查名词。句意：因为大学社区不同于家庭，很多学生很难找到归属感。分析可知，空前“of”为介词，所填空应是名词。“belong”，动词，意为“属于”，其名词形式为“belonging”，意为“稳定关系；归属感”，“a sense of belonging”，固定短语，“归属感”。故填belonging。
42．convenient providing goods
考查形容词、非谓语动词和名词。句意：同时，由于电子商务提供了各种各样的商品和服务，互联网使我们的生活变得难以置信的方便。第一空为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，表示“方便”应用形容词convenient，作宾补；第二空为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，provide与e-commerce构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补；第三空根据汉语提示“货物”可知应填名词goods作宾语。故填①convenient②providing③goods。
43．disappearance
考查名词。句意：这个岛见证了夏威夷王国的消失，人们的大批被杀害和语言的消失。根据句意和所给出的提示词可知，空处填名词disappearance作see的宾语，disappearance为不可数名词。故填disappearance。
44．exhibits
考查名词。句意：它包含了从世界各地收集的展品，虽然重点集中在当地地区。分析句子并结合空后的have可知，空处应使用名词复数exhibits，作contains的宾语。故填exhibits。
45．exhibition
考查名词。句意：展览期间，博物馆将邀请J·K·罗琳为哈利·波特迷们做特别演讲。分析可知，此处应用名词作during的宾语，结合the和语境可知，此处特指某次展览，应用单数名词。故填exhibition。
46．contributor
考查名词。句意：他一直是我们报纸的活跃撰稿人，现在定期为我们写专栏，介绍中国青少年在美国的生活。根据空前的an active可知，空处应该为名词单数，contributor意为“投稿者”，符合句意。故填contributor。
47．①predict ②prediction
考查动词和名词。句意：虽然民间智慧依然可以为预测天气提供帮助和指导，但是如今的预测方法越来越依赖于科技。help (to) do sth.“帮助做某事”，接不定式作宾语，故空格①填predict；介词后接名词作宾语，predict是动词，名词形式prediction，根据句意，此处用作不可数名词，故空格②填prediction。故填①predict；②prediction。
48．settled settlers settlement
考查一般过去时、名词复数和名词。句意：几百年前，一群人在这个岛上定居下来。这些新移民在耕作方式上对当地居民帮助很大。①处空格是句子的谓语，所以应用动词settle表示“定居”，根据“hundreds of years ago”可知，应用一般过去时。所以①处应填settled。②处空格是句子的主语，且根据 “helped the natives a lot”可知，此处应用名词settler表示“移居者”，在these后应用名词复数。所以②处应填settlers。在介词in后应用名词作宾语，根据“of farming methods ”可知，此处应用名词settlement表示“处理”。所以③处应填settlement。故填①settled②settlers③settlement。
49．distance distant distantly
考查名词、形容词和副词。句意：他的房子坐落在山上，两英里远就可以看到，而我的房子离他的房子有十英里远，而且我们两家是远房亲戚。第一空，根据上文冠词a可知应填名词distance，构成a distance of“……的距离”；第二空，表示“离……远”短语为distant from；第三空修饰形容词related应用副词distantly，作状语。故填①distance②distant③distantly。
50．surrounded surrounding surroundings
考查过去分词、形容词和名词。句意：作为一个著名的流行歌星，他喜欢被从周围城市来拜访他的众多歌迷所包围。他也喜欢有绿树和鲜花的美丽环境。“he loves being ① by...”已有谓语loves且无连词，动词surround用非谓语形式，结合being和by可知，逻辑主语he和动词surround是动宾关系，用动名词的被动式（being done），第一空用过去分词形式；第二空，用形容词surrounding(周围的)做定语修饰名词cities；第三空用名词surroundings(环境)做动词likes的宾语。故填①surrounded②surrounding③surroundings。
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试卷第1页，共3页