外研版（2019）选择性必修二：Unit1 Growing Up 能力单元测试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）选择性必修二：Unit1 Growing Up 能力单元测试卷（含解析） |  | |
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外研版（2019）选择性必修二：Unit1 Growing Up 能力单元测试卷
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）
（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grand Canyon Park Ranger Programs
Guided Cedar Ridge Hike
7 am Daily
(Meet at the South Kaibab Trailhead)
A 3-mile (4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. Allow 4 hours. Minimum 2 liters of water per person. Bring salty snacks, sunscreen, and wear hiking shoes. Not recommended for people with heart problems, or difficulty walking.
Fossil Discovery Walk
9 am Daily
(Meet at the Bright Angel Trailhead sign)
Walk among sea creatures that lived on this part of the continent 270 million years ago, before the age of the dinosaurs. This easy 1/2-mile (0.8 km) one-way walk explores an exposed fossil bed.
Critter Chat
9:30 am Daily
(Meet at Grand Canyon Visitor Center)
Learn about some of the Grand Canyon’s diverse wild creatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. Wheelchair accessible. Family friendly.
Geology Walk
3:30 pm Daily
(Meet at Yavapai Geology Museum)
Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short introductory talk. Why is it so deep, wide, and grand Why does it exist only here and nowhere else in the world Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.
Note: Children must be accompanied by an adult in all programs. All programs are free of charge.
1.What might you not experience in the programs above
A.Go on an exhausting hike.
B.Walk the Trail of Time.
C.Look for dinosaur fossils.
D.Learn more about existing animals.
2.Which program is friendly to people with difficulty walking
A.Guided Cedar Ridge Hike. B.Fossil Discovery Walk.
C.Critter Chat. D.Geology Walk.
3.Where do you meet for the program introducing the formation of the Grand Canyon
A.At Yavapai Geology Museum.
B.At the South Kaibab Trailhead.
C.At Grand Canyon Visitor Center.
D.At the Bright Angel Trailhead sign.
B
Don't get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term payoff of studying.
"For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting," says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study. "They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults."
For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p. m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. "I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology," says Vaidya. "But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control skills."
In their study, Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes(额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher-level reasoning.
"We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system and how it changes from childhood to adulthood," says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. "We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe," he adds. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate.
In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological(神经学上的) aspects of their results.
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
B.Always, adolescents can resist rewards.
C.Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D.Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
2.What does the underlined word "seductive" in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Necessary. B.Attractive. C.Useful. D.Important.
3.Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea
A.The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B.Parents should help children in making decisions.
C.Children should have access to the Internet.
D.Children need help in refocusing their attention.
4.What result does the teenager's brain underdevelopment lead to
A.Doing things after some thought. B.Making good decisions.
C.Joining in dangerous actions. D.Escaping risky behavior.
C
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力),a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers," Padilla-Walker said. "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence—which can be taught—are key to a child's life success."
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11-to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
(1).What is special about the BYU professors' study
A.It centered on fathers' role in parenting.
B.It was based on a number of large families.
C.It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D.It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school.
(2).What would an authoritative father do when raising his children
A.Ignore their demands. B.Make decisions for them.
C.Control their behaviors. D.Explain the rules to them.
(3).Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers
A.Single parents. B.Children aged from 11 to 14.
C.Authoritarian fathers. D.Mothers in two-parent homes.
(4).Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B.Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C.Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D.Family Relationship Influences School Performance
D
During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior."
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student siirreys(调查研究). "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, "he said.
1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school
A. Unkind.
B. Lonely.
C. Generous.
D. Cool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
3. What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
If you are thinking about redecorating the home, you are probably searching about interior (室内的) decoration ideas. Redecorating presents a great chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interests. It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction. ① _____ Here are some tips on how to do so:
Search some magazines. You can get dozens of home interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs. Some programs tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas. ②_____ It's a good way of comparing different styles. Here you can make distinction between broad styles, country, contemporary, etc.
Fond of primitive style. If you are fond of primitive or traditional style, warmer colors are the best for the room. These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. ③_____
Modern style. If you like modern style, use brighter colors instead of white and off-white. Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light. Leather furniture matches the room: white or black with contrasting throw cushion (靠垫) per seating place. ④_____
⑤_____ This often occurs anyway, especially if the people give you furniture or you inherit (继承) the same. If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them. This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.
A.A white one on a black sofa suits here.
B.There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.
C.Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.
D.The combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless.
E.Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.
F.Nevertheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.
G.The walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a 1 is my mother's favorite.
I was only two when the 2 occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and turned to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 3 to dash across the lawn(草坪)—and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 4 on my backside. Mom 5 me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I 6 myself up and kept right on going. Mom always adds here that, as many times as I 7 across the lawn after that, I never again 8 into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an 9 It reminds her that children don't enter life 10 to take risks or unwilling to try again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that 11 as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents' home to look for a 12 . Through years of 13 , I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high- need students.
We are almost certain to get 14 at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don't sit in the grass and cry. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it 15 .
1. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver
2. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem
3. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest
4. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept
5. A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected
6. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave
7. A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed
8. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked
9. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order
10. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious
11. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity
12. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house
13. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience
14. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down
15. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result
第二节 （共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sixty years ago, man firstly journeyed into outer space, ①_______(symbolize) the start of outer space explorations. ②_______ decades of planning and construction went by, China possesses one of the world’s major navigation satellite systems — the Beidou Navigation Satellite System.
Beidou is currently the country’s largest space-based system ③_______ has ever been developed in history. It reflects the high priority the Chinese government places ④_______ the space research. The research and development of a domestically built, space-based navigation and positioning system were approved by the government in February 1994, China aiming ⑤_______ (reduce) the country’s heavy dependence on foreign networks.
More than 300,000 scientists, engineers and technicians from over 400 domestic institutes, universities and enterprises ⑥_______ (involve) in Beidou’s development and construction during the past decades. In December 2012, Beidou began providing positioning, navigation and messaging services for users in China and some parts of the Asia. At the end of 2018, it started offering global services. Now, there are 30 third-generation Beidou satellites in pared with previous ones, the third-generation models feature ⑦_______ (surprise) accuracy and stability. Next, China ⑧_______ (continue) improving the system’s capabilities and services. Not only does Beidou demonstrate the determination of the Chinese people but also promotes pride in this ⑨_______ (consider) achievement.
All countries have equal right to peacefully explore and develop outer space. China maintains that international exchanges and cooperation should be strengthened on the basis of full ⑩_______ (equal) and mutual benefit.
第三部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
寒假期间, 正好是你妈妈的生日, 请用英语写篇短文, 内容包括:
1.庆祝活动;
2.你的感受。
注意: 1.词数80左右;
2.短文题目已为你写好。
An Unforgettable Birthday
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（满分25分）
阅读下列材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I first played ping-pong in our basement at home. My brother and I asked for an old wooden table from my grandfather. It was painted green. Although it was very simple, it served its purpose every day. My father never really played any other sports with me, but ping-pong was one that he played quite well and it took me plenty of time before I could beat him. My elder brother was also a very good competitor.
When I got to university, I was happy to discover a ping-pong table in the common room. I spent a great deal of time there, often until the midnight. There were about three or four friends that I often played against. We were all at the same skill level. One of them had ever played in a tournament. A friend from Germany said his father had ever won the German national tournament. We took part in a tournament. My ranking was the third place, but I had beaten the first and second place winners when we had played for fun. I sometimes played with other friends who didn't play ping-pong well, so I would use my left hand to give them an advantage. But after I became so skilled with my left hand, they no longer had the advantage.
Later, I played in a ping-pong competition which was held by my university. I lost at first. But because it was double elimination(双淘汰制), I went to the loser group. I beat all the players and then played against the student who had beaten me in the first round. Surprisingly, I beat him 3 times and won the competition.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Later, there was a tournament held in the city where I studied.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
After the tournament I didn't often play the sport because of the busy study.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 CAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Malcolm & Marie部分中"The romantic drama is directed by Sam Levinson."可知, Malcolm & Marie是一部爱情片。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings部分中"It's about time for the Marvel Cinematic Universe to have its first Asian superhero on the silver screen."可知, 这是漫威即将上映的超级英雄电影。B选项与Director: Destin Daniel Cretton相悖; C选项与Shang-Chi, the Master of Kung Fu, who has the knowledge of nearly every martial art相悖; D选项与This upcoming film will feature a 98% Asian cast相悖。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据West Side Story部分第一句"Steven Spielberg's new adaptation of the famous Broadway musical of the same name"可知, West Side Story改编自百老汇同名音乐剧。故选C。
B.答案：1-4 DAAB
解析：1.推理判断题。文章第二段讲述了六年前, Josh提出四年的筹资期限, 许多人怀疑他是否能达到100,000美元的目标, 但这并没有动摇他的信念, 他开始到处筹资。由此可以看出Josh是信心坚定的, 不可动摇的, 因此用determined(坚定的)最恰当。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Four months before his deadline, he was $ 30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $ 19,000.可知, 在最后期限的前4个月, 他仍缺少30,000美元, 于是他决定在Uxbridge举办Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner。目的是实现他的目标, 即筹集100,000美元。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Eventually, Josh reached a total of $ 134,000 before the deadline. "The momentum just kept going, and we decided to do more," he said. "Josh's Penny House" is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses.可知Josh的筹资梦想实现了, 并且他决定要做更多, 由此可推测画线部分表示"他收到持续的捐款"。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $ 100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true.可知文章主要讲述了17岁的Josh Morrison梦想筹集100,000美元, 为低收入家庭建造家园, 他的梦想最终实现。B选项符合文章主题, 而且有新意, 故选B。
C.答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"Research about how the affection between parents shapes their children's long-term life outcomes is rare because the data demands are high"可知,这类研究因为数据要求较高而很少。
2.考查词义猜测。由画线词所在句"The fact that we found these kinds of things in Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal"可知,研究人员在尼泊尔发现这些种类的情况的事实促使他们更接近这些情况是普遍存在的证据。故此处universal与 worldwide同义,表示"全世界的,普遍的"。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据文章第四段尤其是"and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner"可知,夫妇被要求对自己和对方之间的亲近程度作出评价。故D项符合文意。
4.考查推理判断。由文章最后一段中的"Family isn't just another institution. It's not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings"可推知, Sarah Brauner-Otto认为家庭很重要,故选B。
D.答案：1-4 ABDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"3D printing materials need to be fluid enough to flow but also capable of setting into a definite shape or structure."可知,3D打印材料得是可以流动的,也得能够成为特定的形状和结构。由此可知在打印奶酪时,工程师们面对的问题是找不到合适的材料。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"The machine, which usually prints with plastic, was fitted with a syringe to allow it to print with the melted cheese."可知,这个机器通常使用塑料打印,现在安装了注射器使得它可以用融化的奶酪打印。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Cheese that was 3D printed was 45% to 49% softer than the processed cheese可知,3D打印的奶酪比加工过的奶酪软45%到49%,这说明3D打印奶酪的优点是更软。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We are using mixtures of milk proteins at present to build a product, perhaps a high-protein snack可知,研究者们目前在使用牛奶蛋白混合物制造新产品,可能是高蛋白零食。结合本段语境可知,Kelly和他的同事接下来要做的事是3D打印乳制食品。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ GDCEF
解析：①上文They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort.说的是会自我调节的好处, 分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处, 与上文是递进关系, 联系更紧密, 符合语境。故选G。
②根据下文A bad-tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-confidence.可知, 下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力, 就会产生不好的影响, 所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容, 符合语境。故选D。
③根据下文 Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.可知, 下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况, 所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。
④根据下文One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions.可知, 下文讲述的是自我调节的方法。E项说我们应该学会使用这项技能, 与下文讲述自我调节的方法连接自然, 符合语境。故选E。
⑤根据下文Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as "My friend hates me", you might instead think, "My friend must be really busy".可知, 当好几天都没有收到朋友的来电或短信时, 不要想朋友讨厌自己, 而应该想朋友一定很忙。此处是在举例, 列举了有关朋友的例子, F项符合语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BCDCA 6-10 DCDCB 11-15 AADBC
解析：1.句意：我汗流浃背上气不接下气,很快就上了飞机。taxi出租车;plane飞机;station车站;crowd人群。根据第一句"I was late for my flight."及第二段首句"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."可知,此处是指作者上了飞机（plane）
2.句意：登机后,我和邻座打招呼--一个中年妇女坐在窗口,一个小女孩坐在过道的座位上。friend朋友;passenger乘客;neighbor邻居;colleague同事。根据后面的the little girl was sitting ____ beside me in her seat可知,小女孩坐在作者旁边的座位上。由此可推断出作者和邻座（neighbor）打招呼。
3.句意：我坐在她们中间。in front of在……的前面;across穿过;behind在……后面;between在……之间。根据I greeted my neighbors：a middle-aged woman sitting at the window, and a little girl sitting on the aisle seat可知,登机后,作者和邻座打招呼：一个中年妇女坐在窗前,一个小女孩坐在过道座位。由此可知,作者是坐在中年妇女和小女孩之间（between）。
4.句意：……她正忙着给她的书涂色。show显示;pick选择;color为……着色;touch触摸。根据第三段中的Her coloring book and crayons were put away neatly可知,小女孩正忙着给她的书涂色（color）。
5.句意：我觉得很奇怪,这么小的女孩居然独自旅行……strange奇怪的;regular有规则的;ordinary普通的;lovely可爱的。
6.句意：.我决定留意她,确保她没事。believe in相信;pay a visit to拜访;keep up with跟上;keep an eye on照看,密切注意。根据后面作者对小女孩的关心可知,作者认为小女孩独自旅行不安全,所以决定照看（keep an eye on）她。
7.句意：飞行员告诉大家保持冷静,因为我们遇到了恶劣的天气。warm温暖的;fine好的,纤细的;rough（天气）恶劣的,有暴风雨的;cool凉爽的。根据上文"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."以及下文"Several times the plane made sharp downs and turns."可知遇到了恶劣的（rough）天气。
8.句意：飞机几次急转直下,有些人开始哭泣,许多人不安地坐着祈祷。laugh大笑;fight战斗;run跑;cry哭泣。根据上下文可知,飞机遭遇恶劣的天气,此处是指有些人开始哭泣（cry）。
9.句意：随着飞机越来越剧烈的摇晃,我在出汗。slight轻微的;comfortable舒服的;violent剧烈的,暴力的;normal正常的。根据"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."和"Several times the plane made sharp downs and turns."可知,飞机遭遇恶劣天气,飞机有几次急剧下降和转弯,所以飞机越来越剧烈（violent）地摇晃。
10.句意：与此同时,小女孩安静地坐在我旁边的座位上。sincerely真诚地;quietly安静地;curiously好奇地;nervously紧张地。由下句可知,小女孩的涂色本和彩色蜡笔都整齐地放在一边,她的双手镇定地放在腿上。所以这里是指小女孩很安静（quietly）,一点儿也不惊慌。
11.句意：然后,就像（颠簸）开始时那样突然,颠簸很快就结束了。end结束;raise提高;crash碰撞,坠毁;lit提起。根据just as suddenly as it had begun（正如它开始时一样突然）可知,此处是说颠簸很快就结束（end）了。
12.句意：飞行员几分钟后来宣布我们很快就要着陆了。land着陆;sink下沉;board登机;fly飞行。根据下文As the plane began its descent（当飞机开始下降）可知乘客很快就要着陆（land）了。
13.句意：告诉我,亲爱的,当我们所有的成年人都这么害怕的时候,你怎么能保持这么冷静呢？optimistic乐观的;angry生气的;strong强壮的;afraid害怕的。根据"Some people began _____, many sitting restlessly and praying. I was sweating with each increasingly _____ shake of the plane."可知,许多成年人有的哭了,有的坐立不安,作者吓得流汗,也就是说,成年人很害怕（afraid）,故选D。
14.句意：我父亲是飞行员,他会带我回家的。winner获胜者;pilot飞行员;robot机器人;volunteer志愿者。根据语境可知,小女孩的父亲就是那个飞行员（pilot）。
15.句意：如果我们认识到信念的力量,我们将无所畏惧。standard标准;communication交流;belief信念;judgement判断。小女孩说她爸爸是飞行员,坚信爸爸要带她回家,所以她在飞机剧烈颠簸时不害怕。因此这是信念（belief）的作用。
第二节
答案：①to/with ②regular ③be found ④keeps ⑤for ⑥absolutely ⑦which ⑧to stay ⑨opportunities ⑩an
解析：①考查介词。be connected to/with与......有联系。
②考查词性转换。设空后是名词houses, 修饰名词要用形容词。故填regular。
③考查被动语态。主语building materials与find间是被动关系, 所以使用被动语态, 且空前是情态动词, 后接动词原形, 故填be found。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。动词-ing形式作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式, 故填keeps。
⑤考查介词。在make it difficult to do这个句型中如果需要加上不定式的逻辑主语, 需要借助介词for, 故填for。
⑥考查副词。设空处修饰形容词dark, 要用副词, 故填absolutely。
⑦考查关系代词。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代主句所述的内容, 故填which。
⑧考查动词不定式作定语。设空处作time的定语, 说明其内容, 所以用不定式形式, 故填to stay。
⑨考查名词复数。opportunity是可数名词, 在其前面没有表单数意义的词修饰, 所以该单词需用复数形式, 故填opportunities。
⑩考查不定冠词。设空后是可数名词单数, 此处表泛指, 所以设空处需填不定冠词, important以元音音素开头, 故填an。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
I’m delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the courses and a Chinese traditional sport.
Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally.
Look forward to your arrival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
"Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look. I found the boy waving his hands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.
Paragraph 2:
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn't breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, performing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. I'm happy I didn't take the easy way out.
本试卷满分120分,考试时间100分钟。
第一部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）
（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Grand Canyon Park Ranger Programs
Guided Cedar Ridge Hike
7 am Daily
(Meet at the South Kaibab Trailhead)
A 3-mile (4.8 km) hike on an unpaved path. Allow 4 hours. Minimum 2 liters of water per person. Bring salty snacks, sunscreen, and wear hiking shoes. Not recommended for people with heart problems, or difficulty walking.
Fossil Discovery Walk
9 am Daily
(Meet at the Bright Angel Trailhead sign)
Walk among sea creatures that lived on this part of the continent 270 million years ago, before the age of the dinosaurs. This easy 1/2-mile (0.8 km) one-way walk explores an exposed fossil bed.
Critter Chat
9:30 am Daily
(Meet at Grand Canyon Visitor Center)
Learn about some of the Grand Canyon’s diverse wild creatures who survive here in this place of extreme changes in exposure and climate. Wheelchair accessible. Family friendly.
Geology Walk
3:30 pm Daily
(Meet at Yavapai Geology Museum)
Learn how the Grand Canyon formed while exploring Yavapai Geology Museum during this short introductory talk. Why is it so deep, wide, and grand Why does it exist only here and nowhere else in the world Consider walking the Trail of Time following the program.
Note: Children must be accompanied by an adult in all programs. All programs are free of charge.
1.What might you not experience in the programs above
A.Go on an exhausting hike.
B.Walk the Trail of Time.
C.Look for dinosaur fossils.
D.Learn more about existing animals.
2.Which program is friendly to people with difficulty walking
A.Guided Cedar Ridge Hike. B.Fossil Discovery Walk.
C.Critter Chat. D.Geology Walk.
3.Where do you meet for the program introducing the formation of the Grand Canyon
A.At Yavapai Geology Museum.
B.At the South Kaibab Trailhead.
C.At Grand Canyon Visitor Center.
D.At the Bright Angel Trailhead sign.
B
Don't get mad next time you catch your teenager texting when he commits himself to studying. He simply may not be able to resist. A study of the University of Iowa (UI) found teenagers are far more sensitive than adults to the immediate effect or reward of their behavior. The findings may help explain why the initial rush of texting may be more attractive for adolescents than the long-term payoff of studying.
"For the teenager, the rewards are seductive for them to be addicted to texting," says Professor Jatin Vaidya, an author of the study. "They draw adolescents. Sometimes, the rewards are a kind of motivation for them. Even when a kind of behavior is no longer in a teenager's best interest to continue, they will, because the effect of the rewards is still there and lasts much longer in adolescents than in adults."
For parents, that means limiting distractions so that teenagers can make better choices. Take the homework and social media dilemma: At 9 p. m., shut off everything except a computer that has no access to Facebook or Twitter, as the researchers advise. "I'm not saying they shouldn't be allowed access to technology," says Vaidya. "But some help in resetting their concentration is necessary for them so that they can develop those impulse-control skills."
In their study, Vaidya and co-author Shaun Vecera note researchers generally believe teenagers are not mature, make bad decisions, and engage in risky behavior because the frontal lobes(额叶) of their brains are not fully developed. But the UI researchers wondered whether something more fundamental was going on with adolescents to cause behavior independent of higher-level reasoning.
"We wanted to try to understand the brain's reward system and how it changes from childhood to adulthood," says Vaidya, who adds that the reward character in the human brain is easier than decision-making. "We've been trying to understand the reward process in adolescence and whether there is more to adolescent behavior than an under-developed frontal lobe," he adds. For their study, the researchers persuaded 40 adolescents, aged 13 to 16, and 40 adults, aged 20 to 35 to participate.
In the future, researchers hope to look into the psychological and neurological(神经学上的) aspects of their results.
1.What does the passage mainly tell us
A.Always, rewards are attractive to teenagers.
B.Always, adolescents can resist rewards.
C.Resistance can be controlled well by adolescents.
D.Getting rewards is the greatest motivation for adolescents to study.
2.What does the underlined word "seductive" in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Necessary. B.Attractive. C.Useful. D.Important.
3.Which statement agrees with Vaidya's idea
A.The influence of the reward is weak in adolescents.
B.Parents should help children in making decisions.
C.Children should have access to the Internet.
D.Children need help in refocusing their attention.
4.What result does the teenager's brain underdevelopment lead to
A.Doing things after some thought. B.Making good decisions.
C.Joining in dangerous actions. D.Escaping risky behavior.
C
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力),a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers," Padilla-Walker said. "This research also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence—which can be taught—are key to a child's life success."
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11-to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
(1).What is special about the BYU professors' study
A.It centered on fathers' role in parenting.
B.It was based on a number of large families.
C.It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D.It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school.
(2).What would an authoritative father do when raising his children
A.Ignore their demands. B.Make decisions for them.
C.Control their behaviors. D.Explain the rules to them.
(3).Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers
A.Single parents. B.Children aged from 11 to 14.
C.Authoritarian fathers. D.Mothers in two-parent homes.
(4).Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B.Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C.Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D.Family Relationship Influences School Performance
D
During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior."
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student siirreys(调查研究). "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date—sharing, kindness, openness—carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, "he said.
1. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school
A. Unkind.
B. Lonely.
C. Generous.
D. Cool.
2. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
3. What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed well academically.
4. What is the best title for the text
A. Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Better
C. Be the Best—You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
第二节 （共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）
If you are thinking about redecorating the home, you are probably searching about interior (室内的) decoration ideas. Redecorating presents a great chance to reflect your personality by displaying your style and interests. It will be easy to redecorate the home if money is not a restriction. ① _____ Here are some tips on how to do so:
Search some magazines. You can get dozens of home interior decoration ideas from countless magazines and TV programs. Some programs tend to show less costly interior decoration ideas. ②_____ It's a good way of comparing different styles. Here you can make distinction between broad styles, country, contemporary, etc.
Fond of primitive style. If you are fond of primitive or traditional style, warmer colors are the best for the room. These colors go with all kinds of cloth of old style and wooden furniture. ③_____
Modern style. If you like modern style, use brighter colors instead of white and off-white. Home decoration of these styles includes minimum disorder and a lot of free space and light. Leather furniture matches the room: white or black with contrasting throw cushion (靠垫) per seating place. ④_____
⑤_____ This often occurs anyway, especially if the people give you furniture or you inherit (继承) the same. If you wish to combine different pieces of furniture from different styles, you need to bridge a gap between them. This can be done easily with materials like throw pillows, wall hangings and carpets.
A.A white one on a black sofa suits here.
B.There is nothing wrong in mixing two styles.
C.Another effective and affordable option is by surfing the Internet.
D.The combinations and possibilities in the first decoration are endless.
E.Autumn colors go well to produce warm, friendly and pleasant atmosphere.
F.Nevertheless, the question for most is how to redecorate the home within limited budget.
G.The walls tend to have one or two pieces of wall art rather than 6 to 10 of the older time.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
I was born legally blind. Of all the stories of my early childhood, the one about a 1 is my mother's favorite.
I was only two when the 2 occurred. We had just arrived home from a trip. Mom lifted me out of the car and turned to speak to the driver. I took advantage of my brief 3 to dash across the lawn(草坪)—and hit a large maple tree! I was running so fast that I bounced off the trunk and 4 on my backside. Mom 5 me to start crying, but I just sat there for a minute. Then I 6 myself up and kept right on going. Mom always adds here that, as many times as I 7 across the lawn after that, I never again 8 into that tree.
Mom loves to use this story as an 9 It reminds her that children don't enter life 10 to take risks or unwilling to try again when they fall down. She never wanted me to lose that 11 as I grew older. When I made my major life decisions, I was still that little girl tearing full-speed across the lawn. I studied abroad and later moved away from my parents' home to look for a 12 . Through years of 13 , I have become a respected teacher in a school serving high- need students.
We are almost certain to get 14 at some point during the process of achieving our goal. When that happens, don't sit in the grass and cry. Just get up and keep on going. It will all be worth it 15 .
1. A. trip B. race C. tree D. driver
2. A. incident B. change C. illness D. problem
3. A. delay B. absence C. freedom D. rest
4. A. landed B. slept C. laughed D. wept
5. A. promised B. encouraged C. allowed D. expected
6. A. woke B. picked C. warmed D. gave
7. A. drove B. lived C. stood D. zoomed
8. A. crashed B. broke C. climbed D. looked
9. A. answer B. example C. excuse D. order
10. A. able B. ashamed C. afraid D. anxious
11. A. honesty B. toughness C. kindness D. curiosity
12. A. job B. friend C. fortune D. house
13. A. memories B. efforts C. research D. experience
14. A. mixed up B. fed up C. knocked down D. settled down
15. A. all at once B. in the end C. in either case D. as a result
第二节 （共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sixty years ago, man firstly journeyed into outer space, ①_______(symbolize) the start of outer space explorations. ②_______ decades of planning and construction went by, China possesses one of the world’s major navigation satellite systems — the Beidou Navigation Satellite System.
Beidou is currently the country’s largest space-based system ③_______ has ever been developed in history. It reflects the high priority the Chinese government places ④_______ the space research. The research and development of a domestically built, space-based navigation and positioning system were approved by the government in February 1994, China aiming ⑤_______ (reduce) the country’s heavy dependence on foreign networks.
More than 300,000 scientists, engineers and technicians from over 400 domestic institutes, universities and enterprises ⑥_______ (involve) in Beidou’s development and construction during the past decades. In December 2012, Beidou began providing positioning, navigation and messaging services for users in China and some parts of the Asia. At the end of 2018, it started offering global services. Now, there are 30 third-generation Beidou satellites in pared with previous ones, the third-generation models feature ⑦_______ (surprise) accuracy and stability. Next, China ⑧_______ (continue) improving the system’s capabilities and services. Not only does Beidou demonstrate the determination of the Chinese people but also promotes pride in this ⑨_______ (consider) achievement.
All countries have equal right to peacefully explore and develop outer space. China maintains that international exchanges and cooperation should be strengthened on the basis of full ⑩_______ (equal) and mutual benefit.
第三部分 写作（共两节,满分40分）
(满分15分)
寒假期间, 正好是你妈妈的生日, 请用英语写篇短文, 内容包括:
1.庆祝活动;
2.你的感受。
注意: 1.词数80左右;
2.短文题目已为你写好。
An Unforgettable Birthday
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（满分25分）
阅读下列材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I first played ping-pong in our basement at home. My brother and I asked for an old wooden table from my grandfather. It was painted green. Although it was very simple, it served its purpose every day. My father never really played any other sports with me, but ping-pong was one that he played quite well and it took me plenty of time before I could beat him. My elder brother was also a very good competitor.
When I got to university, I was happy to discover a ping-pong table in the common room. I spent a great deal of time there, often until the midnight. There were about three or four friends that I often played against. We were all at the same skill level. One of them had ever played in a tournament. A friend from Germany said his father had ever won the German national tournament. We took part in a tournament. My ranking was the third place, but I had beaten the first and second place winners when we had played for fun. I sometimes played with other friends who didn't play ping-pong well, so I would use my left hand to give them an advantage. But after I became so skilled with my left hand, they no longer had the advantage.
Later, I played in a ping-pong competition which was held by my university. I lost at first. But because it was double elimination(双淘汰制), I went to the loser group. I beat all the players and then played against the student who had beaten me in the first round. Surprisingly, I beat him 3 times and won the competition.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Later, there was a tournament held in the city where I studied.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
After the tournament I didn't often play the sport because of the busy study.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案以及解析
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A.答案：1-3 CAC
解析：1.细节理解题。根据Malcolm & Marie部分中"The romantic drama is directed by Sam Levinson."可知, Malcolm & Marie是一部爱情片。故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings部分中"It's about time for the Marvel Cinematic Universe to have its first Asian superhero on the silver screen."可知, 这是漫威即将上映的超级英雄电影。B选项与Director: Destin Daniel Cretton相悖; C选项与Shang-Chi, the Master of Kung Fu, who has the knowledge of nearly every martial art相悖; D选项与This upcoming film will feature a 98% Asian cast相悖。故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据West Side Story部分第一句"Steven Spielberg's new adaptation of the famous Broadway musical of the same name"可知, West Side Story改编自百老汇同名音乐剧。故选C。
B.答案：1-4 DAAB
解析：1.推理判断题。文章第二段讲述了六年前, Josh提出四年的筹资期限, 许多人怀疑他是否能达到100,000美元的目标, 但这并没有动摇他的信念, 他开始到处筹资。由此可以看出Josh是信心坚定的, 不可动摇的, 因此用determined(坚定的)最恰当。故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的Four months before his deadline, he was $ 30,000 short. He decided to hold a Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner event in Uxbridge, which is in the province of Ontario. The event raised $ 19,000.可知, 在最后期限的前4个月, 他仍缺少30,000美元, 于是他决定在Uxbridge举办Family Fun Fair and Spaghetti Dinner。目的是实现他的目标, 即筹集100,000美元。故选A。
3.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的Eventually, Josh reached a total of $ 134,000 before the deadline. "The momentum just kept going, and we decided to do more," he said. "Josh's Penny House" is being built by Habitat for Humanity in the city of Oshawa, along with 24 new town houses.可知Josh的筹资梦想实现了, 并且他决定要做更多, 由此可推测画线部分表示"他收到持续的捐款"。故选A。
4.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的Josh Morrison, 17, dreamed of raising $ 100,000 to build a home for a low-income family. After years of hard work, his dream has come true.可知文章主要讲述了17岁的Josh Morrison梦想筹集100,000美元, 为低收入家庭建造家园, 他的梦想最终实现。B选项符合文章主题, 而且有新意, 故选B。
C.答案：1-4.BCDB
解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的"Research about how the affection between parents shapes their children's long-term life outcomes is rare because the data demands are high"可知,这类研究因为数据要求较高而很少。
2.考查词义猜测。由画线词所在句"The fact that we found these kinds of things in Nepal moves us to step closer to evidence that these things are universal"可知,研究人员在尼泊尔发现这些种类的情况的事实促使他们更接近这些情况是普遍存在的证据。故此处universal与 worldwide同义,表示"全世界的,普遍的"。故选C。
3.考查细节理解。根据文章第四段尤其是"and were asked to assess the level of affection they had for their partner"可知,夫妇被要求对自己和对方之间的亲近程度作出评价。故D项符合文意。
4.考查推理判断。由文章最后一段中的"Family isn't just another institution. It's not like a school. It is this place where we also have emotions and feelings"可推知, Sarah Brauner-Otto认为家庭很重要,故选B。
D.答案：1-4 ABDC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的"3D printing materials need to be fluid enough to flow but also capable of setting into a definite shape or structure."可知,3D打印材料得是可以流动的,也得能够成为特定的形状和结构。由此可知在打印奶酪时,工程师们面对的问题是找不到合适的材料。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的"The machine, which usually prints with plastic, was fitted with a syringe to allow it to print with the melted cheese."可知,这个机器通常使用塑料打印,现在安装了注射器使得它可以用融化的奶酪打印。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段中的Cheese that was 3D printed was 45% to 49% softer than the processed cheese可知,3D打印的奶酪比加工过的奶酪软45%到49%,这说明3D打印奶酪的优点是更软。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的We are using mixtures of milk proteins at present to build a product, perhaps a high-protein snack可知,研究者们目前在使用牛奶蛋白混合物制造新产品,可能是高蛋白零食。结合本段语境可知,Kelly和他的同事接下来要做的事是3D打印乳制食品。
第二节
答案：①-⑤ GDCEF
解析：①上文They exactly know what they want to achieve, act in accordance with their views, and devote their best effort.说的是会自我调节的好处, 分析选项可知G项也是在说会自我调节的好处, 与上文是递进关系, 联系更紧密, 符合语境。故选G。
②根据下文A bad-tempered child who hits others won't be popular at school. An adult with poor self-regulation skills may lack self-confidence.可知, 下文讲的是如果缺乏自我调节能力, 就会产生不好的影响, 所以此处说的也是不好的影响。D项更好地总结了此段内容, 符合语境。故选D。
③根据下文 Later, an adult may struggle with self-regulation, either because this ability wasn't developed during childhood, or because of a lack of skill in managing difficult feelings.可知, 下文主要讲述的是成年人的情况, 所以此处讲的是孩子的情况。故C项符合语境。故选C。
④根据下文One of the most frequently used methods is to change your thought patterns, which means that you think about a situation in a positive way, rather than one that's likely to increase negative emotions.可知, 下文讲述的是自我调节的方法。E项说我们应该学会使用这项技能, 与下文讲述自我调节的方法连接自然, 符合语境。故选E。
⑤根据下文Rather than thinking that this reflects something about yourself such as "My friend hates me", you might instead think, "My friend must be really busy".可知, 当好几天都没有收到朋友的来电或短信时, 不要想朋友讨厌自己, 而应该想朋友一定很忙。此处是在举例, 列举了有关朋友的例子, F项符合语境。故选F。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
答案：1-5 BCDCA 6-10 DCDCB 11-15 AADBC
解析：1.句意：我汗流浃背上气不接下气,很快就上了飞机。taxi出租车;plane飞机;station车站;crowd人群。根据第一句"I was late for my flight."及第二段首句"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."可知,此处是指作者上了飞机（plane）
2.句意：登机后,我和邻座打招呼--一个中年妇女坐在窗口,一个小女孩坐在过道的座位上。friend朋友;passenger乘客;neighbor邻居;colleague同事。根据后面的the little girl was sitting ____ beside me in her seat可知,小女孩坐在作者旁边的座位上。由此可推断出作者和邻座（neighbor）打招呼。
3.句意：我坐在她们中间。in front of在……的前面;across穿过;behind在……后面;between在……之间。根据I greeted my neighbors：a middle-aged woman sitting at the window, and a little girl sitting on the aisle seat可知,登机后,作者和邻座打招呼：一个中年妇女坐在窗前,一个小女孩坐在过道座位。由此可知,作者是坐在中年妇女和小女孩之间（between）。
4.句意：……她正忙着给她的书涂色。show显示;pick选择;color为……着色;touch触摸。根据第三段中的Her coloring book and crayons were put away neatly可知,小女孩正忙着给她的书涂色（color）。
5.句意：我觉得很奇怪,这么小的女孩居然独自旅行……strange奇怪的;regular有规则的;ordinary普通的;lovely可爱的。
6.句意：.我决定留意她,确保她没事。believe in相信;pay a visit to拜访;keep up with跟上;keep an eye on照看,密切注意。根据后面作者对小女孩的关心可知,作者认为小女孩独自旅行不安全,所以决定照看（keep an eye on）她。
7.句意：飞行员告诉大家保持冷静,因为我们遇到了恶劣的天气。warm温暖的;fine好的,纤细的;rough（天气）恶劣的,有暴风雨的;cool凉爽的。根据上文"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."以及下文"Several times the plane made sharp downs and turns."可知遇到了恶劣的（rough）天气。
8.句意：飞机几次急转直下,有些人开始哭泣,许多人不安地坐着祈祷。laugh大笑;fight战斗;run跑;cry哭泣。根据上下文可知,飞机遭遇恶劣的天气,此处是指有些人开始哭泣（cry）。
9.句意：随着飞机越来越剧烈的摇晃,我在出汗。slight轻微的;comfortable舒服的;violent剧烈的,暴力的;normal正常的。根据"Suddenly, the plane began extreme turbulence."和"Several times the plane made sharp downs and turns."可知,飞机遭遇恶劣天气,飞机有几次急剧下降和转弯,所以飞机越来越剧烈（violent）地摇晃。
10.句意：与此同时,小女孩安静地坐在我旁边的座位上。sincerely真诚地;quietly安静地;curiously好奇地;nervously紧张地。由下句可知,小女孩的涂色本和彩色蜡笔都整齐地放在一边,她的双手镇定地放在腿上。所以这里是指小女孩很安静（quietly）,一点儿也不惊慌。
11.句意：然后,就像（颠簸）开始时那样突然,颠簸很快就结束了。end结束;raise提高;crash碰撞,坠毁;lit提起。根据just as suddenly as it had begun（正如它开始时一样突然）可知,此处是说颠簸很快就结束（end）了。
12.句意：飞行员几分钟后来宣布我们很快就要着陆了。land着陆;sink下沉;board登机;fly飞行。根据下文As the plane began its descent（当飞机开始下降）可知乘客很快就要着陆（land）了。
13.句意：告诉我,亲爱的,当我们所有的成年人都这么害怕的时候,你怎么能保持这么冷静呢？optimistic乐观的;angry生气的;strong强壮的;afraid害怕的。根据"Some people began _____, many sitting restlessly and praying. I was sweating with each increasingly _____ shake of the plane."可知,许多成年人有的哭了,有的坐立不安,作者吓得流汗,也就是说,成年人很害怕（afraid）,故选D。
14.句意：我父亲是飞行员,他会带我回家的。winner获胜者;pilot飞行员;robot机器人;volunteer志愿者。根据语境可知,小女孩的父亲就是那个飞行员（pilot）。
15.句意：如果我们认识到信念的力量,我们将无所畏惧。standard标准;communication交流;belief信念;judgement判断。小女孩说她爸爸是飞行员,坚信爸爸要带她回家,所以她在飞机剧烈颠簸时不害怕。因此这是信念（belief）的作用。
第二节
答案：①to/with ②regular ③be found ④keeps ⑤for ⑥absolutely ⑦which ⑧to stay ⑨opportunities ⑩an
解析：①考查介词。be connected to/with与......有联系。
②考查词性转换。设空后是名词houses, 修饰名词要用形容词。故填regular。
③考查被动语态。主语building materials与find间是被动关系, 所以使用被动语态, 且空前是情态动词, 后接动词原形, 故填be found。
④考查动词时态和主谓一致。动词-ing形式作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式, 故填keeps。
⑤考查介词。在make it difficult to do这个句型中如果需要加上不定式的逻辑主语, 需要借助介词for, 故填for。
⑥考查副词。设空处修饰形容词dark, 要用副词, 故填absolutely。
⑦考查关系代词。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代主句所述的内容, 故填which。
⑧考查动词不定式作定语。设空处作time的定语, 说明其内容, 所以用不定式形式, 故填to stay。
⑨考查名词复数。opportunity是可数名词, 在其前面没有表单数意义的词修饰, 所以该单词需用复数形式, 故填opportunities。
⑩考查不定冠词。设空后是可数名词单数, 此处表泛指, 所以设空处需填不定冠词, important以元音音素开头, 故填an。
第三部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Dear David,
I’m delighted that you will come to our school as an exchange student. Since you enjoy sports, I would like to introduce the courses and a Chinese traditional sport.
Initially, there are two PE classes every week in which basic courses, including playing basketball and running, are compulsory. Additionally, the school sports meeting is held annually, which is well received. Eventually, I recommend you to learn Taichi, a traditional Chinese sport, for practicing it regularly will help you stay fit physically and mentally.
Look forward to your arrival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
答案：
Paragraph 1:
"Something must have gone wrong with him," I thought to myself. Sure enough, with a closer look. I found the boy waving his hands desperately. I quickly dived into the water, swimming towards the boy at full speed. By the time I reached him, he had sunk to the bottom of the pool, which filled my heart with fright and concern. I picked the boy up and headed to the poolside, keeping his head above the water.
Paragraph 2:
Having the boy on the floor, I put my ear to his mouth and my fingers at his neck. I could tell that he had no heartbeat and wasn't breathing. Every second counted! Without hesitation, I did first aid, performing CPR as trained. Other guards watching anxiously, I carried on, sweating. Suddenly, a stream of water burst out of his mouth and the boy coughed intensely. Seeing the boy regain consciousness, those around broke into cheers. Exhausted, I sighed with relief. I thought had I accepted that easy position, I would have been nothing but a bystander. I'm happy I didn't take the easy way out.