Unit 1 Face values Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1.Jack pretended to have known （know） everything about it and said nothing.
2.Ever since I was a child, I have dreamed （dream） of organizing a trip to Tibet.
3.So charming is the scenery of Jiuzhaigou that it leaves a deep impression （impress） on visitors from home and abroad.
4.You don’t have to be obsessive （obsess） about your weight and eating habits.
5. Standing （stand） at the top of Mount Tai, we are able to have a good view of the beautiful scenery of the whole city.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
as…put it, nothing but, boost my confidence, external, individual, overlook, interpretation, present, misjudge, acknowledge
1.As the song says, ”Wherever you go, and whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.“ As; puts it
2.Each ”like“ makes me confident. boosts my confidence
3.People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misunderstand themselves. misjudge
4.I perceived that outside beauty isn’t totally worthless. external
5.It plays a part in the image we show to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence. present
6.My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight-loss pills, but this brought me only/merely pain and poor health. nothing but
7.What I really admire is the way she has admitted that good heath makes us not only more beautiful, but happier! acknowledged
8.You decide to be more confident, to choose the positive performance, and to take care of yourself, and the feeling of confidence comes to you after that. interpretation
9.It’s true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty can’t be completely ignored. overlooked
10.It’s a small word with big meaning, and that meaning is as typical, to each of us as the way we look. individual
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.碰巧，最漂亮的鸟是最差的歌手。（it作形式主语）
It happens that the prettiest birds are the worst singers.
2.警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。（what引导主语从句）
What the police want to know is when you entered the room.
3.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的男孩又犯了同一个错误。（现在分词作状语）
Having been told many times , the naughty boy made the same mistake again.
4.我们参加了在北京举行的夏令营，这不仅开阔了我们的视野，也提高了我们的英语口语水平。（not only…but also…）（2020浙江，书面表达改编）
We joined the summer camp held in Beijing, which not only broadened our horizons but also improved our oral English .
5.在高水平数学测试中，年轻女性的表现似乎不如男性。那就是教育家们多年感到困惑的原因。（why引导表语从句）
Young women seem to perform worse than men on high-level math tests. That is why the educators have been confused for years .
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2020西藏自治区林芝市第二高级中学高二月考）
Many of us mistakenly believe that it’s wrong to think we have any good qualities. We may spend a lot of time blaming ourselves for our negative qualities, thinking that self-criticism is the key to improving our performance. However, a constant focus on our supposed shortcomings can stop our efforts to make friends with other people. How can we believe that others could like us if we believe our inner being is flawed （有缺陷的）？
If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn’t like you might be fearful, or shallow, or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time.
Don’t take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. For all the factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least many factors that will work in your favor when you are getting on with someone else.
You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who don’t mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, so the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior （低等的） because you don’t have much money and you don’t drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason that you don’t have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious about whether everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person.
The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it’s the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.
1.According to the author plays an important role in making friends.
A.admitting your shortcomings
B.self-criticism
C.modesty
D.confidence
2.If you are not liked by a person, .
A.you should find the reason in yourself
B.you’d better talk with the person face to face
C.you may not be the one to blame
D.you and that person misunderstand each other
3.We can learn from the third paragraph that .
A.your good qualities may turn out to be your flaws
B.your weaknesses may also be your strengths in some way
C.your negative qualities cause a person to reject you
D.you’ll have few friends if your flaws are bigger than your good qualities
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author
A.It is important to lose weight.
B.It is easier for a wealthy person to make friends.
C.Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance.
D.If you are not beautiful enough, try to improve your physical beauty.
答案：1.D
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。本文主要论述的是，人们也许花费很多的时间去怪罪自己的性格不好, 其实你的弱点也有可能是你自己的长处，要想广交朋友必须要对自己有自信心，而且要记住内在品质比外表更重要。
【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容可知，一味地关注自己的缺点会阻碍我们与他人交朋友。如果我们相信我们的内心世界有缺陷，那么我们怎么能相信别人会喜欢我们呢？由此推测，自信在交朋友中起重要作用。故选D项。
答案：2.C
解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段的“If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you.”可知，如果有人看起来不喜欢你，那讨厌的原因可能与你无关。即一个人不喜欢你可能不是你的错，你不应该为此受到责备。C. you may not be the one to blame（你可能不是应受责备的人）符合以上说法，故选C项。
答案：3.B
解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第三段内容可知，事实上，一些你认为是缺陷的品质可能对其他人是不可抗拒的。由此推测，你的弱点也许是你的长处。B. your weaknesses may also be your strengths in some way（你的弱点可能在某种程度上是你的长处）符合以上说法，故选B项。
答案：4.C
解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据倒数第二段的“If you are worried…in their friends.”可知，如果你担心自己不够漂亮，不能吸引朋友，那么请记住，并不是每个人都在找朋友的外表美。由此推测，作者认为内在品质比外表更重要。C. Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance. （内在的品质比外表更重要。）符合以上说法，故选C项。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
（2021山东枣庄高二期末）
Once upon a time, there was a little boy who was raised in an orphanage. The little boy had always wished he could 1 like a bird. And there was another little boy who was 2 . He had always wished he could walk and run like other little boys and girls.
One day the little orphan boy 3 from the orphanage. He 4 upon the other boy, who was playing in the sandbox in the park. He ran over, and asked him 5 he had ever wished to fly like a bird. ”No,“ said the other little boy. ”But I have 6 what it would be like to walk and run like others.“
The two little boys played together for hours. Then the disabled boy’s father came with a（n） 7 to pick up his son. The orphan boy went to the boy’s father and 8 something in his ear, and he nodded. Then he came back to his new friend and said, ”You are my only friend! I wish I could help you run, but I can’t. But there is 9 that I can do for you.“
The orphan boy 10 and told his friend to climb up onto his 11 . He then began to run across the grass. Faster and faster he ran, 12 the disabled boy on his back. Soon the wind just 13 across the two boy’s faces.
The disabled boy’s father 14 in tears as his son flapped （摆动）his 15 up and down in the wind, shouting, ”I’m flying, Daddy. I’m flying!"
1.A.speakB.singC.flyD.live
2.A.richB.aloneC.well-fedD.lame
3.A.ran awayB.broke upC.looked overD.turned out
4.A.drewB.tookC.cameD.faced
5.A.whenB.ifC.howD.that
6.A.wonderedB.hopedC.realizedD.managed
7.A.ambulanceB.stickC.bikeD.wheelchair
8.A.shoutedB.suggestedC.whisperedD.told
9.A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something
10.A.stood upB.bent downC.knelt downD.lay down
11.A.backB.headC.shoulderD.neck
12.A.leavingB.seatingC.carryingD.balancing
13.A.knockedB.flewC.warmedD.whistled
14.A.criedB.watchedC.admiredD.enjoyed
15.A.armsB.legsC.friendsD.wings
答案：1.C
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个渴望像鸟儿一样飞的小孤儿遇到了渴望能像正常孩子一样跑和跳的残疾小男孩，小孤儿把残疾小男孩背在背上，让残疾小男孩感受到了飞起来的快乐。
【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文中and asked him 5 he had ever wished to fly like a bird可知这里意思是这个小男孩一直希望他能像鸟一样飞。故选C项。
答案：2.D
解析：2.【解题思路】考查形容词。句意：还有一个瘸腿的小男孩。 根据 He had always wished he could walk and run like other little boys and girls. 可知这个小男孩是一个瘸腿的小男孩。故选D项。
答案：3.A
解析：3.【解题思路】考查动词短语。句意：有一天，这个小孤儿从孤儿院跑了出来。A. ran away逃离；B. broke up分开；C. looked over检查；D. turned out结果为。下文说这个小孤儿碰到了瘸腿的小男孩, 所以他应该是从孤儿院里跑了出来。故选A项。
答案：4.C
解析：4.【解题思路】考查动词。句意：他偶然遇到了另一个男孩，那个男孩正在公园的沙坑里玩。根据下文He ran over, and asked him 5 he had ever wished to fly like a bird. 可知他偶然遇到了另一个正在公园的沙坑里玩的男孩。come upon偶然遇到，是固定短语。故选C项。
答案：5.B
解析：5.【解题思路】考查连接词。句意：他跑过去问他是否渴望像鸟一样飞。此句含一个宾语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，表示“是否”的含义，用if引导该从句。故选B项。
答案：6.A
解析：6.【解题思路】考查动词。A. wondered想知道；B. hoped希望；C. realized意识到；D. managed管理。根据上文He had always wished he could walk and run like other little boys and girls. 可知这个瘸腿的小男孩想知道走路和跑步的感觉。故选A项。
答案：7.D
解析：7.【解题思路】考查名词。A. ambulance救护车；B. stick手杖；C. bike自行车；D. wheelchair轮椅。根据空后的to pick up his son并结合这个小男孩瘸腿的事实，可推知残疾小男孩的父亲推着轮椅来接他的儿子。故选D项。
答案：8.C
解析：8.【解题思路】考查动词。句意：这个孤儿走到男孩的父亲跟前，对他耳语了几句，他父亲点了点头。A. shouted喊叫；B. suggested建议；C. whispered低声地说；D. told告诉。根据 8 something in his ear可知这个孤儿是和残疾小男孩的父亲低声地说话。故选C项。
答案：9.D
解析：9.【解题思路】考查代词。根据下文内容可知，这个小孤儿把这个残疾小男孩背到背上，让他感觉走路和奔跑，所以这里意思是但有件事我可以帮你。故选D项。
答案：10.B
解析：10.【解题思路】考查动词短语。句意：那个孤儿弯下腰，让他的朋友爬到他背上。A. stood up站起来；B. bent down弯下腰；C. knelt down跪下；D. lay down放下。根据下文内容可知，这个小孤儿把这个残疾小男孩背到背上，让他感觉走路和奔跑，所以这里意思是那个孤儿弯下腰。故选B项。
答案：11.A
解析： 11.【解题思路】考查名词。A. back后背；B. head头；C. shoulders肩膀；D. neck脖子。根据下文Faster and faster he ran， 12 the disabled boy on his back. 可知这里意思是那个孤儿弯下腰，让他的朋友爬到他背上。故选A项。
答案：12.C
解析：12.【解题思路】考查动词。A. leaving离开；B. seating使……就座；C. carrying背着；D. balancing平衡。根据下文on his back可知，小孤儿把残疾小男孩背在后背上，越跑越快。故选C项。
答案：13.D
解析：13.【解题思路】考查动词。句意：很快，风从两个男孩的脸庞呼啸而过。A. knocked敲；B. flew飞；C. warmed温暖；D. whistled呼啸而过。根据上文Faster and faster he ran以及结合生活常识可知，快速奔跑时，风会从脸庞呼啸而过。故选D项。
答案：14.B
解析：14.【解题思路】考查动词。句意：残疾小男孩的父亲泪流满面地看着他的儿子在风中挥舞着双臂，大声喊道：“爸爸，我在飞。我飞起来了！” A. cried哭泣；B. watched观看；C. admired羡慕；D. enjoyed享受。根据下文as his son flapped （拍打） his 15 up and down in the wind, shouting, “I’m flying, Daddy. I’m flying！”可知这个小男孩的父亲看着这一切。故选B项。
答案：15.A
解析：15.【解题思路】考查名词。根据空后up and down in the wind, shouting , “I’m flying, Daddy. I’m flying！”可知这个小男孩挥舞着双臂，感受飞的感觉。故选A项。
8Unit 1 Face values Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1.I asked timidly (timid), “Could I see my grades for the semester ”
2.In most cases, your application can make a fairly correct assumption (assume) based on past experience.
3.I did many experiments in secret, and have been satisfied with them.
4.His bank savings (save), with his wife’s jewels, amount to three million dollars.
5.When the experiment is complete, include your findings (find) in a report.
6.Rather, each of the methods described is regarded as having specific applications.
7.Why run such frightful (fright) risks since reactors are not even necessary
8.Everyone admires his spirit of doing boldly what is righteous (right).
9.Birdie’s sensitive (sense) handling of me at a crucial time, I’m convinced, was the key.
10.The cheese was aged for two years before being ready for the market.
11. Loyalty (loyal) and friendship also played an important role in keeping the organization intact.
12.We should pay attention to whatever we are doing and not let phone conversations and other distractions take the place of human contact.
13.Through the kindness of others, donations (donate) pay for the needed supplies, allowing all participant fees to go directly to the scholarships.
14. Who kept the door open all night was unknown.
15. Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
16.What was the most important to her, she told me, was (be) her family.
17. What will surely impress you are those beautiful paper-cutting works.
18. Whether they will support us or not remains unknown.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
for instance, in addition to, acknowledge, make assumptions, to sum up, keep fit, transform... into..., agree with, in reality, in secret
1.We thought he was serious but in reality he was joking.
2.It is known to all that unless you exercise regularly, you won’t keep fit .
3.The price includes postage and packing in addition to the repair charge.
4.Every time you interact with others, you have the choice to listen to, acknowledge , and let go of their words, or you can take what they are saying personally.
5.They will be concerned to do the right thing-to dress properly, for instance .
6.I don’t understand his motive, and I don’t want to make assumptions .
7.He wore a hidden microphone to record their conversations in secret .
8. To sum up , parents should never lose sight of the side effects of computer games on their children.
9.I agree with what Susan said about the best present.
10.It is a surprise that the faraway village has been transformed into a famous tourist city in only ten years.
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1.他取得如此大的进步, 令我感到惊讶。
① It amazes me that he has made such great progress. （it作形式主语）
② What amazes me is that he has made such great progress. （what引导主语从句）
2.我们明天是否会去郊游仍旧未知。（whether引导主语从句; remain）
Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.
3.真遗憾我们不能去南方度过我们的暑假。（it作形式主语）
It is a pity that we won’t be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.
4.他们什么时候来还没有公布。（when引导主语从句）
When they will come hasn’t been made public.
5.他为什么做那件事将仍旧是个谜。（why引导主语从句）
Why he did it will remain a puzzle.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2019浙江）
Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day. But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month, a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read, “Give What You Can, Take What You Need.”
People quickly caught on. And while many took dollars, many others pinned their own cash to the board. “People of all ages, races, and socio-economic（社会经济的）backgrounds gave and took,” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox, which created the project. “We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.”Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. The video clip（片段） shows one man who had found a $20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they were full of smiles,”Bridges said.“There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.”Most people who took dollars took only a few, but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
“After all, everyone has bad days and good days,”he said. “Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving the helping hand.”
1.What does the expression “money with no strings attached” in paragraph 1 mean
A.Money spent without hesitation.
B.Money not legally made.
C.Money offered without conditions.
D.Money not tied together.
2.What did Bridges want to show by mentioning the bride
A.Women tended to be more sociable.
B.The activity attracted various people.
C.Economic problems were getting worse.
D.Young couples needed financial assistance.
3.Why did Bridges carry out the project
A.To do a test on people’s morals.
B.To raise money for his company.
C.To earn himself a good reputation.
D.To promote kindness and sympathy.
答案：1.C
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与社会, 主题语境内容为社会进步。文章讲述了Tyler Bridges在洛杉矶发起的一项展示人性善良和同情心的测试活动。文章侧重于培养学生正确的人生观和价值观。
【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】本题题干意为：第一段中的词组“money with no strings attached”是什么意思？该词组是整个文章的核心信息。文章讲述Tyler Bridges在洛杉矶的Union Station放了一块公告牌, 上面钉着一些钞票, 并写着“留下你所能捐赠的, 拿走你所需要的”。因此C项（无条件提供的钱）符合题意。
答案：2.B
解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】在第二段中, 作者描述了各年龄段的、各个种族的和各种社会背景的人都来捐赠和取用。作者提到新娘的目的是说明有各种各样的人参与了活动。因此B项（活动吸引了各种各样的人）符合题意。
答案：3.D
解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段的Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy. （Bridges说, 唯一的目的是展示慷慨和同情。）可知, 他开展这项研究的目的是宣传善良和同情心, 故D项正确。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
A
（2021河南洛阳高二期中）
Taking exercise could change our feelings about food in surprising and 1 (benefit) ways, according 2 a new study of exercise and eating. The result 3 (find) by the study is that new exercisers start to experience less desire for fattening foods, a change 4 could have long-term influences on weight control.
The researchers asked a group of sedentary （久坐的） volunteers about how they 5 (feel) about food. Some of them then 6 (ask) to continue with their normal lives as a control group, while the others began exercising.
It turns out that the exercisers no 7 (long) found high-calorie, fatty foods quite so irresistible （不可抵抗的）. Interestingly, their scores on measures of “liking”, or how 8 they expected to enjoy those same foods, remained unchanged and strong.
“Besides 9 (make) us healthier, exercise might improve the 10 (connect) between the food reward and eating behavior habits and overeating（过度饮食）,” says Kristine Beaulieu, a dietitian who led the new study.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.beneficial
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于运动和饮食的新研究。研究发现, 锻炼身体能够以令人惊讶和有益的方式改变我们对食物的感觉。
考查形容词。句意：根据一项关于运动和饮食的新研究, 锻炼身体能够以令人惊讶和有益的方式改变我们对食物的感觉。设空处修饰复数名词ways, 应用形容词。故填beneficial。
答案：2.to
解析：2.考查固定短语。according to“根据”。故填to。
答案：3.found
解析：3.考查非谓语动词。名词result与find之间为被动关系, 所以用过去分词作定语。故填found。
答案：4.that/which
解析：4.考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句, 先行词为change, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。
答案：5.felt
解析：5.考查动词时态。由asked及语境可知, 此处应用一般过去时。故填felt。
答案：6.were asked
解析：6.考查动词时态和语态。根据句中时态可知, 应用一般过去时, 主语Some of them与ask之间为被动关系, 应用被动语态。故填were asked。
答案：7.longer
解析：7.考查固定短语。no longer“不再”。故填longer。
答案：8.much
解析：8.考查副词。how much“多么”, 此处用来说明该动作的程度。故填much。
答案：9.making
解析：9.考查非谓语动词。besides为介词, 后接动名词形式。故填making。
答案：10.connection
解析：10.考查名词。定冠词the后接名词, 作动词improve的宾语。故填connection。
B
（2021江苏南通启东高二期中）
I saw a TV news programme focusing on the worldwide spread of AIDS last night. The reporter was doing a story about a small child 1 had caught HIV from his mother’s breast milk. From the child’s outward 2 (appear), he looked very healthy. 3 , within a year the child developed AIDS, and soon died. His story was so sad that I could not keep myself from weeping.
Before last night, I 4 (think) AIDS was just a problem in Africa, but there are people with HIV and AIDS in every country of the world. The AIDS problem is also 5 (worry) in China, and the country is trying 6 (prevent) its spread. The government has opened labs in a bid to monitor the disease. It also provides free drugs 7 people in need. 8 is fortunate that many new medicines have burst on the scene to help fight AIDS.
AIDS prevention education is very important, and I think we all have to do something to support it. If everyone in the world 9 (spend) just a penny on it, we could make 10 really big difference!
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.who/that
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一个死于艾滋病的小孩的故事告诉我们预防和治疗艾滋病的重要意义以及各个国家为此做出的努力。
考查定语从句。先行词为a small child, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指人, 用who或that引导该从句, 所以填who或that。
答案：2.appearance
解析：2.考查名词。该空作介词From的宾语, 用名词, 特指“这个孩子的外表”, 用名词单数, 所以填appearance。
答案：3.However
解析：3.考查副词。该空修饰整个句子, 用副词。“不到一年, 这个孩子就患上了艾滋病, 很快就死了”与上文“从这孩子的外表看, 他看起来很健康”之间形成转折关系, 用副词however; 句子第一个单词首字母大写, 所以填However。
答案：4.had thought
解析：4.考查动词时态。根据Before last night, 可知动作发生在“过去的过去”, 用过去完成时, 所以填had thought。
答案：5.worrying
解析：5.考查形容词。句意：艾滋病问题在中国也令人担忧, 中国正在努力阻止其蔓延。分析句子成分可知, 此处缺少形容词作表语, 修饰物用以-ing形式结尾的形容词, 表示“令人……的”, 所以填worrying。
答案：6.to prevent
解析：6.考查固定用法。句意：艾滋病问题在中国也令人担忧, 中国正在努力阻止其蔓延。try to do sth. 尽力做某事, 是固定用法, 所以填to prevent。
答案：7.for
解析：7.考查固定短语。provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物, 为固定短语, 所以填for。
答案：8.It
解析：8.考查形式主语。句意：幸运的是, 许多新的药物已经出现, 以帮助对抗艾滋病。分析句子结构可知, that 引导的从句是句子真正的主语, 置于句末, 前面需要使用形式主语it; 句子第一个单词首字母大写, 所以填It。
答案：9.spent
解析：9.考查虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设, 从句：if+主语+动词的过去式（be变were）+其他。所以填spent。
答案：10.a
解析：10.考查固定短语。句意：如果世界上每个人都在这上面只花一分钱, 我们就能有很大的影响！make a difference有影响, 是固定短语, really是发音以辅音音素开头的词, 用不定冠词a, 所以填a。
8Unit 1 Face values Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
Ⅰ. 语境填词
1.Eventually, a traffic jam outside our gate allowed us to “ kidnap （绑架）” two officers.
2.Liu Hulan was cruelly beaten and tortured （折磨）, but she stood as firm as a rock.
3.“Oh, I was so frightened. What’s the matter, dear ” she exclaimed （惊叫）.
4.I have often wondered who first uttered that simple but profound （深切的）truth.
5.When the boy began to walk by himself and even to move more quickly it was an immense （巨大的）relief.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
motive, psychology, welfare, findings, make big savings, assumptions, accent, frightful, comprehension, novelists
1.Most of the families in this neighbourhood are on social support. welfare
2.The answers we give will reflect our own scientific study of the mind. psychology
3.The police could not find a reason for the murder. motive
4.Your argument is based on a set of questionable statements that are assumed to be true. assumptions
5.We can save a large amount of money on fuel through greater efficiency. make big savings
6.The committee reported its results after a thorough investigation. findings
7.A terrible traffic disaster was avoided. frightful
8.He speaks in his broad speech pattern. accent
9.A test of the ability to understand was given at the start of the prehension
10.The man is one of the country’s leading contemporary writers who write novels. novelists
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.在关于水污染的实验成功之前, 我们决不罢休。（倒装）
Never will we stop until the experiment about the water pollution succeeds.
2.他目不转睛地看着那个姑娘, 像是第一次见到她。(as if doing)
He stared at the girl as if seeing her for the first time.
3.他承认自己缺乏动力, 感觉懒散。(motivation) He admitted a lack of motivation and a feeling of sloth.
4.为追求我们自己的幸福和梦想而努力奋斗是很值得的。(in pursuit of)
It is well worthy to struggle with effort in pursuit of our own happiness and dream .
5.我觉得这个理解肯定是最直接的, 也是对的。(comprehension)
I think this must be the most immediate comprehension and the right one.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2020安徽合肥六校高一上学期期末）
There was a man playing the piano in a bar. He was a good piano player and always performed in this bar. People came in just to hear him play. But one night, a customer told him that he didn’t want to hear him just play the piano any more. He wanted him to sing a song.
The man said, “I don’t sing.”
But the customer was persistent （执着的）. He told the bar manager, “I’m tired of listening to the piano. I want that man to sing！”
The manager shouted across the room, “If you want to get paid, sing a song. Our customer is asking you to sing！”So he did. He sang a song. A piano player who had never sung in public did so for the first time. And everyone was surprised by his song Mona Lisa. He got lots of applause（掌声） that night.
He had such a talent for singing, but he just had been sitting on his talent for the past years! If without such a chance, he may have lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar. However, now he has become one of the best-known singers in America.
You, too, have skills and abilities. Maybe your “talent” is not as great as the singer above, but it may be better than you think! And with effort, most skills can be improved. So, in your life, you should be brave enough to try doing different things and find out what talents you really have!
1.Why did the man start to sing
A.Because he wanted to make more money.
B.Because the bar manager said he liked his song.
C.Because he wanted to show everyone that he had a talent for singing.
D.Because the manager asked him to sing at the request of a customer.
2.What do you think of the bar manager
A.Strict.B.Kind.
C.Patient.D.Rude.
3.Which of the following is TRUE about the piano player
A.He hated singing in a no-name bar.
B.He didn’t discover his talent until a customer asked him to sing.
C.He became very famous as a pianist and singer in America.
D.He lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player.
4.What would be the best title for the text
A.How to Have Great Ability
B.A Nice Song-Mona Lisa
C.A Singer in a No-Name Bar
D.Make Full Use of Your Talent
答案：1.D
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了一个人的钢琴弹得很好, 后因一位顾客想听他唱歌, 他发现自己有歌唱的天赋, 后来成为美国最著名的歌手之一。就此作者向读者传递一个信息：要相信自己, 寻找并充分发挥自己的长处。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“Our customer is asking you to sing!”可知那人开始唱歌的原因是经理让他应顾客的要求唱歌。故选D。
答案：2.D
解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的shouted可以看出, 经理对待这个钢琴手是无礼的。strict严格的; kind善良的; patient耐心的; rude无礼的。故选D。
答案：3.B
解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第五段中的If without such a chance, he may have lived the rest of his life as a no-name piano player in a no-name bar. 可知, 直到这位顾客要求他唱歌, 他才发现自己的歌唱天赋。故选B。
答案：4.D
解析：4.【命题立意】标题判断题。【解题思路】作者通过讲述这位钢琴手的经历向读者传递一个信息：要相信自己, 寻找并充分发挥自己的长处。因此D项（充分发挥你的才能）作为这篇文章的标题最佳。故选D。
Ⅱ. 七选五
（2020江苏连云港东海第二中学月考）
Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you” Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet 1
Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies（礼节）. But many social norms（规范） just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.
Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette, asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost ”
2 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.
This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners. 3 Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, “Ahoy!”Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting’s use in face-to-face communications.
In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. 4 And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.
How to handle these differing standards Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 5 In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.
A.Then there is the voice mail.
B.Others, like me, want no reply.
C.But people still ask these things.
D.Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time
E.Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life
F.Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.
G.When the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how to greet a caller.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：1.D
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。在科技时代, 新的交流方式冲击了传统礼节, 造成了不同人对两者的不同运用。我们要多考虑对方的情况, 互相理解, 既有礼貌又尽量不浪费别人的时间。
【解题思路】本段提到一些人很粗鲁, 下面列举了发语音邮件或发信息浪费时间的具体表现。D项“难道这些人没有意识到他们在浪费你的时间吗 ”对上面例子进行了总结, 对这些做法提出了疑问。故选D项。
答案：2.A
解析：2.【解题思路】根据本段中的The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. 可知, 作者提到留下语音邮件又发电子邮件通知的情况。A项Then there is the voice mail. 位于段首, 引出voice mail, 下文对其进行介绍。故选A项。
答案：3.G
解析：3.【解题思路】根据Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, “Ahoy!”Finally, hello won out可知, 当时Bell刚发明电话时怎样打招呼的问题, G项（当电话发明时, 人们不知道如何与来电者打招呼。）与下文衔接, 故选G项。
答案：4.C
解析：4.【解题思路】上文介绍智能手机时代数字地图能够解决许多生活查询问题, 下文介绍你帮助他们解决问题后, 他们会回复你感谢邮件。C项But people still ask these things. 与上文呈转折关系, 与下文衔接。故选C项。
答案：5.B
解析：5.【解题思路】本段介绍不同的人群对礼节有不同的看法, 我们要多考虑对方的情况, 互相理解。上句Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 介绍了老年人的习惯, B项Others, like me, want no reply. 与之对比, 指出年轻人与老年人不同。故选B项。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2021福建福州长乐高二期末）
A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank, he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car. He tried again and again but couldn’t get the car moving. Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried. Arthur stopped and said, “It looks like you’ve got a problem.”
“I’m afraid so. I’m in a big hurry and I can’t start my car.”
“Is there something I can do to help ” Arthur asked. The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said, “Thanks. If you’re sure it wouldn’t be too much trouble, you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”
“No trouble at all. I’d be glad to help.”
The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat. After placing it on the ground, he turned to get the other one. Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking, he heard the long loud noise of an alarm.
It was from the bank. There had been a robbery （抢劫）!
Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before. Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions. Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank. People asked each other, “What happened ” But everyone had a different answer.
Arthur, still carrying the suitcase, turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.
She looked at the suitcase and then at him. Arthur was surprised. “Why is she looking at me like that ” he thought. “The suitcase! She thinks I’m the bank thief!”
Arthur looked around at the crowd of people. He became frightened, and without another thought, he started to run. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。
As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!”
The taxi stopped in front of the police station.
答案：As he was running, Arthur heard the young man shouting behind, “Stop, stop!” Arthur immediately realized that the young man was the bank robber. So Arthur didn’t stop, but continued to run until he saw and caught a taxi in front of him. He quickly put the suitcase in the car and said to the driver, “Please hurry to the police station. I have a case to report to the police. The man shouting behind is the bank thief!”The taxi raced away to the police station like an arrow.;
The taxi stopped in front of the police station. Arthur said to the police who had been waiting and who had already received the robbery report, “This suitcase is that of the bank robber. It may be filled with the money stolen from the bank. I hand it to you. Please get ready to arrest the man.”
7Unit 1 Face values Section Ⅳ Expanding your world
Ⅰ. 语境填词
1.He pretended （假装） to be reading an important paper when the boss entered.
2.He’s honest, and you misjudge （误判） him if you think he isn’t.
3.Shall we go back to the dormitory （学生宿舍） to continue our talk
4.The school is located high atop a hill overlooking （俯瞰） the river.
5.After I told her the names of the callers, with whom she was familiar, she would no longer bother （烦恼） to ask.
6.But somehow he had to acknowledge （承认） that the man had actually read the whole book.
7.I may say in all sincerity（真诚） that you’ve been my most loyal （忠诚的） friend.
8.She is sensitive （敏感的） to what people think of her.
9.A fox ran across a field in front of him, as fast as a greyhound， as graceful （优雅的） as a cat.
10.There was surely in it a quality that was personal and heartfelt （衷心的）.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
worthless, be thought bookish, defect, make assumptions about, view... as
1.They finally found a small gold coin. But to their disappointment, it was almost no practical or financial value. worthless
2.The poor girl liked to be thought clever, but she hated to be considered to be interested in reading. be thought bookish
3.Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh shortcomings in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye. defects
4.How others are feeling is not something that we should imagine subjectively, because it’s not always obvious who is truly happy. make assumptions about
5.Never have I regarded my ugliness as at the present moment. viewed... as
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.我没有这盘盒式磁带，这就是我想复制一盘的原因。
I do not have this tape, and that’s why I’d like to make a copy of it.
2.一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
Seeing the police , he made a run for the exit.
3.无论何时有足球比赛，他总是第一个来。
Whenever there is a football match he is always the first to come .
4.我一到家就开始下雨。
Hardly had I arrived home when it began to rain.
5.只要我在这里，就不能让孩子受苦。
As long as I am here , I won’t let the child suffer.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
I start every summer with the best of intentions: to attack one big book from the past, a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious. Often the pairings of books and settings have been purely accidental: “Moby Dick” on a three-day cross-country train trip; “The Magic Mountain” in a New England beachside cottage with no locks on the doors, no telephones or televisions in the rooms, and little to do beyond a row on the salt pond. Attempting “The Man Without Qualities” on a return to Hawaii, my native state, however, was less fruitful: I made it through one and a quarter volumes （册）, then decided that I’d got the point and went swimming instead.
But this summer I find myself at a loss. I’m not quite interested in Balzac, or “Tristram Shandy”. There’s always “War and Peace”, which I’ve covered some distance several times, only to get bogged down in the “War” part, set it aside for a while, and realize that I have to start over from the beginning again, having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank. How appealing to simply fall back on a favorite-once more into “The Waves” or “Justine”, which feels almost like cheating, too exciting and too much fun to properly belong in serious literature.
And then there’s Stendhal’s “The Red and the Black”, which happens to be the name of my favorite cocktail （鸡尾酒） of the summer, created by Michael Cecconi at Savoy and Back Forty. It is easy to drink, and knocking back three or four seems like such a delightful idea. Cecconi’s theory: “I take whatever’s fresh at the green market and turn it into liquid.” The result is a pure shot of afternoon in the park, making one feel cheerful and peaceful all at once, lying on uncut grass with eyes shut, sun beating through the lids.
1.What can we infer about the author from the first paragraph
A.He has a cottage in New England.
B.He shows talents for literature.
C.He enjoys reading when traveling.
D.He admires a lot of great writers.
2.What do the underlined words “get bogged down” in Paragraph 2 mean
A.Get confused.B.Be carried away.
C.Be interrupted.D.Make no progress.
3.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.The Books of Summer
B.My Summer Holidays
C.To Read or Not to Read
D.It’s Never Too Late to Read
答案：1.C
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜欢在暑期读书，并和我们分享了自己读书的体会。
【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Moby Dick” on a three-day cross-country train trip；“The Magic Mountain” in a New England beachside cottage... “The Man Without Qualities”on a return to Hawaii等内容可知，作者在旅行中喜欢读名著，故选C。
答案：2.D
解析： 2.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据句中的covered some distance several times和set it aside for a while及读后的结果having forgotten everyone’s name and social rank可知，作者在读“战争”部分时几次合上书，把书放一边。由此可知, 句中画线的“get bogged down”指的是陷入困境，停滞不前，没有进展。这与Make no progress同义，故选D。
答案：3.A
解析：3.【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】在第一段开头，作者就点明every summer，谈到了每年暑假旅行时喜欢读名著；在第二段中But this summer I find myself at a loss. 谈到今年夏天读书的困惑；在第三段中my favorite cocktail （鸡尾酒）of the summer再次把读书和鸡尾酒联系，谈自己读书的感受。所以全文都和夏天读书有关，The Books of Summer适合作为标题，故选A。
B
（2020福建师范大学附中期末）
It’s a common belief that the roles actors play might somehow reflect their true personalities. It’s usually not true, but British actress Phoebe Waller-Bridge is an exception.
Just like Fleabag, the character she played in the comedy-drama series of the same name, Waller-Bridge feels that her life is a mess. “It’s just really wonderful to know that a dirty and messed up woman can make it to the Emmys,” she said. She may be “messed up”, but Variety magazine calls her an “all-around icon”.
Last year, Waller-Bridge took home three Emmy awards for her work on Fleabag-best writing in a comedy series, best lead actress, and best comedy series.
Her success is partly because of her family. Waller-Bridge was brought up in a free environment. Her mother always told her, “You can be whatever you want if you imagine it.” So Waller-Bridge broke all the rules about what a “good” girl should do. “Our laws and moral codes don’t apply-she lives without fear of consequence,” The Sun noted.
That fearlessness extends to being authentic （真实的） in her writing and acting. Unlike the can-do heroines and strong, successful women in many TV dramas, Waller-Bridge shows a flawed but real character. Fleabag was a screw-up who always found a way to say or do the wrong thing. “It resonated with the lives of stressed-out women everywhere in reality-doing their best to find balance in their lives,” a viewer wrote on the US movie website.
Villanelle in Killing Eve, another hit TV series developed by Waller-Bridge, was a little bit violent but showed no interest in the rules others created, which made many people see themselves in her.
“People have been scared to write characters like these. But I think, now, women are so relieved to have this new template （样板）. And, aren’t we all a bit of everything ” Waller-Bridge said in an interview with Indian Express.
With such courage and sincerity, Waller-Bridge is, without doubt, a “golden girl” in Hollywood, Australian news website The New Daily commented.
4.What is the article mainly about
A.What helped Waller-Bridge succeed in comedy.
B.The popularity of the comedy-drama series Fleabag.
C.What inspired Waller-Bridge to take up writing and acting.
D.The similarities between Phoebe Waller-Bridge and the character she played in Fleabag.
5.How did Waller-Bridge’s parents influence her growth
A.They pushed her to follow social codes.
B.They constantly encouraged her to be herself.
C.They always reminded her to be curious and fearless.
D.They taught her to write and act when she was young.
6.What does the underlined phrase “resonated with” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Messed up.
B.Paid attention to.
C.Had great effects on.
D.Was in agreement with.
7.What do Villanelle in Killing Eve and Fleabag in Fleabag have in common
A.Both are courageous and organized.
B.Both are much alike in character.
C.Both successfully find balance in their lives.
D.Both are rebellious but strong and successful.
答案：4.A
解析：4.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇记叙文，叙述了喜剧演员菲比·沃勒-布里奇因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功，说明了勇于表达真实的自己更让人们欣赏。
【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】本文叙述了喜剧演员菲比·沃勒-布里奇因其真诚的个性特点在喜剧上获得了成功，选项A“什么帮助沃勒-布里奇在喜剧中获得成功”符合文章大意。故选A。
答案：5.B
解析：5.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段第三、四句“Her mother always told her,‘You can be whatever you want if you imagine it.’So Waller-Bridge broke all the rules about what a‘good’girl should do.”可知，她的父母不断鼓励她做自己。故选B。
答案：6.D
解析：6.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据画线短语前的“Fleabag was a screw-up who always found a way to say or do the wrong thing.”可知，沃勒-布里奇在剧中表演的角色总是说错话或做错事。结合下文“the lives of stressed-out women everywhere in reality-doing their best to find balance in their lives”可知，生活中压力大的女性在平衡她们的生活时，也总是会犯错。由此推知“resonated with”与“was in agreement with”有相近含义，可解释为“产生共鸣”。故选D。
答案：7.B
解析：7.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据倒数第三段内容可知，Villanelle有点暴力，对其他人创造的规则毫无兴趣；结合倒数第四段第三句“Fleabag was a screw-up who always found a way to say or do the wrong thing.”可知，Fleabag是个总弄糟事情的人。由此推知，两者的性格都有缺陷，有相似之处。故选B。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
（2020湖南长沙一中高二期中）
Earthquakes can be destructive. Unfortunately, we don’t have a 1 （rely） way to predict them. But technologies can still help us under such a desperate situation. China is building the world’s largest earthquake alert system and it’s 2 （possible） the most advanced. Engineers 3 （set） up over 15,000 sensors nationwide and wiring them into a web. 4 an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones.
The signal travels at almost light speed and faster 5 the earthquake shaking, giving local people a little time to prepare. The system sends messages to people less than two seconds after the earthquake happens. It’s life-saving. The system, 6 can be the most advanced in many ways, will be the largest earthquake observation network in the world, not only 7 （detect） the movement of the continents but also calculating the possible impact 8 an earthquake. It will automatically warn local people, making 9 （it） much faster than human observation. The system, overseen by China’s Minister of Emergency, is set 10 （complete） in the near future.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.reliable
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国正在建设世界上最大的地震预警系统。
考查形容词。空处修饰名词way，需填形容词作定语。故填reliable。
答案：2.possibly
解析：2.考查副词。设空处作状语，需用副词。故填possibly。
答案：3.are setting
解析： 3. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据后面的and wiring和语境可知，此处表示现阶段正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时，主语为复数，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are setting。
答案：4.When/Once/If
解析：4.考查状语从句。句意：当/一旦/如果地震发生，传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲，然后发送到普通人的智能手机上。结合语境可知，空处引导时间状语从句或者条件状语从句，需用when/once/if引导。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When/Once/If。
答案：5.than
解析：5.考查介词。根据faster可知，此处表示比较。故填than。
答案：6.which
解析：6.考查定语从句。句意：该系统在许多方面可能是最先进的，它将成为世界上最大的地震观测网，不仅可以探测大陆的运动，而且还可以计算地震可能产生的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在定语从句中作主语，先行词为The system，指物，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
答案：7.detecting
解析：7.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词，The system和detect之间为逻辑上的主动关系，not only... but also... 连接并列结构，下文but also calculating表明此处用现在分词，故填detecting。
答案：8.of
解析：8.考查介词。这里表示所属关系，表示“地震造成的影响”。本题易望文生义，受“impact on... 对……有影响”思维定式的干扰而出错。此处表示而且可以计算地震可能造成的影响。故填of。
答案：9.itself
解析：9.考查反身代词。实际上 making的逻辑主语为句子的主语It即the system，It作主语时，用反身代词itself作宾语，代替语境中的“预警系统本身”。
答案：10.to be completed
解析：10.考查非谓语动词。句意：该系统由中国紧急事务部长监管，计划于不久的将来完工。根据短语be set to do sth.“安排做某事，计划做某事”可知，此处应用不定式，逻辑主语system和动词complete之间为被动关系，故填不定式的被动形式。故填to be completed。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
请写一篇80词左右的英语短文，介绍小说《百万英镑》（The Million Pound Bank Note），要求包括如下内容：
1. 作者：Mark Twain;
2. 语言风格：幽默、讽刺；
3. 故事梗概：伦敦的两位富翁打赌，把一张无法兑现的百万支票借给落魄的美国穷人亨利·亚当斯，看他在一个月内如何收场。一个月的期限到了，亨利不仅没有饿死或被捕，反倒成了富翁，并且赢得了一位漂亮小姐的芳心；
4. 你印象最深的地方。
[参考词汇]讽刺的 sarcastic
高分范文
答案：The novel The Million Pound Bank Note was written by Mark Twain. Humorously, Mark Twain successfully described a sarcastic adventure of Henry Adams.
Two rich men have a bet on Henry to see what will happen to Henry with a million-pound bank note which can’t be cashed. A month later, he becomes a millionaire dramatically and even wins the love of a pretty lady.
What impresses me most is that it is maybe not Henry, but people’s crazy love for money, that fools the world.
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