Unit 6 Nature in words Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1.On the bench a large light bulb was glowing faintly （faint）.
2.She responded to their criticism with a witty （wit） remark.
3.The movie was enthusiastically received by the reviewers （review）.
4.He has made steady progress in his study since he worked day and night steadily for nearly （near） a few months.
5.She was the first woman to be appointed to the board, at which she felt very excited （excite）.
6.Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy （snow） mountains.
7.The decision was delayed for almost a year because of the local residents’ complaint that the newly-built factory would disturb the quietness （quiet） of the place.
8.Until you are older you will not know what brave （brave） smiles can mean.
9.They spent the afternoon in lovely （love） shops and visited artists in their workplaces beside the water.
10.Bill is heavily （heavy） in debt at the moment-but hopes to pay it off when he gets paid.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
bend to , be innocent of , be famous for , break out , early on , atthe risk of , wake up, come out , a large number of
1.I knew from the start that I wanted to build a library for the students. early on
2.The policeman saved my life by taking the risk of losing his own in the accident. at the risk of
3.After a long time, the rain finally stopped and the sun appeared. came out
4.I was moved by the doctor’s spirit when the epidemic occurred. broke out
5.The little boy came to and found himself alone in the house. woke up
6.This actor is well known for his unusual clothes and behavior. is famous for
7.There are a lot of people who have applied for the job. a large number of
8.They refused to give in to the bad man’s demands. bend to
9.The accused person insisted that he had nothing to do with the crime. was innocent of
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.我的爸爸工作的那家公司的老板是一位很善良的人。
The boss in whose company my father works is a very kind person.
2.掌握这项技术使我们能够更有效地使用互联网。
Mastering the technology makes it possible for us to use the Internet more effectively.
3.正如孩子们常有的情况一样, 医生到的时候Amy就好多了。
As is always the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
4.他的言谈举止就好像他目睹了整个事件。
He behaved as if he had witnessed the whole incident.
5.真正的幸福感会在我们学会对我们所拥有的感到满足时到来。
True happiness comes when we learn to be content with what we have owned.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Nature calms our stressed-out soul. Nature is the best medicine, but new research is showing what little time we need to set aside to harvest the benefits.
In one new study, researchers tried to find the most effective “dose（药剂）” of nature within the context of normal daily life. As more doctors prescribe （开药方） nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits-sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”—the study’s authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear.
“We know that spending time in nature reduces stress, but until now it is unclear how much is enough, how often to do it, or even what kind of nature experience will benefit us,” says lead author Mary Carol Hunter in a statement. “Our study shows that for the greatest pay-off, in terms of efficiently lowering levels of the stress hormone cortisone （压力荷尔蒙激素）, you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature.”
A nature pill can be a low-cost, low-risk way to curb the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyles. To find the most efficient dosage, Hunter and her co-authors asked 36 city citizens to have nature experiences of at least 10 minutes three times per week over eight weeks.
Every two weeks, the researchers collected saliva （唾液） samples to measure levels of the stress hormone cortisone, both before and after the participants took a nature pill. The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. The effect was more efficient between 20 and 30 minutes, after which benefits continued to increase but at a slower rate.
That fits in with the findings of another recent study, which found that spending 20 minutes in an urban park could make you happier, no matter whether you use that time to exercise.
For this study, 94 adults visited 3 urban parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit. An accelerometer （加速度计） tracked their physical activity.
A visit lasting 20 to 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants’ self-reported well-being, even if they didn’t move a great deal in the park. That last point is particularly positive, since it means anyone can benefit from visiting a nearby park, whatever his or her age or physical ability.
“There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. “Planners and developers look to replace green space with residential （住宅的） and commercial property. The challenge faced by cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.”
1.The authors of the study expected to .
A.study the treatments of nature in detail
B.find an effective way to treat stress
C.introduce the benefits of a “nature pill”
D.share some rewarding nature experiences
2.What does the underlined word “curb” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Experience.B.Realize.
C.Control.D.Produce.
3.What does the first study mainly show
A.We should stay in nature as long as possible.B.Many health problems are caused by great pressure.
C.Lack of exercise may greatly increase cortisone levels.D.A short period of time in nature is enough to reduce stress.
4.What does Gavin Jenkins want to express in the last paragraph
A.Big cities should provide more sports facilities.
B.City developers should spare more green space.
C.Visiting parks benefits people’s physical health.
D.City planners should invest more in the property.
答案：1.A
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了“自然药丸”对人的作用, 并说明了适度接触大自然可以使人获益, 提升人的幸福感, 最后强调了城市公园的重要性。
1.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段中的As more doctors prescribe（开药方） nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits-sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”—the study’s authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear. 可知, 这项研究的作者们希望这些治疗的细节能够更加清晰。
由此可知, 这项研究的作者希望更加详细地研究自然治疗法。
故选A项。
答案：2.C
解析：2. 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据第四段中画线词后的the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyles（城市化和室内生活方式的负面影响）可推知,“自然药丸”是一种抑制或降低这种负面影响的低成本、低风险的方式。由此推断curb与control的意思最为接近。故选C项。
答案：3.D
解析：3. 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第五段中的The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. 可知, 数据显示, 仅仅20分钟的自然体验就足以显著地降低激素水平。由此可知, 短时间的与自然的接触就足够可以降低人们的压力。故选D项。
答案：4.B
解析：4. 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“There is increasing pressure… settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. 和“The challenge faced by cities is…these spaces.”可知, Gavin Jenkins认为, 越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值, 但我们依旧看到这些空地的消失。由此推断Gavin Jenkins呼吁城市建设者为城市留出更多的绿色空间。故选B项。
深度解析
词汇积累
set aside 留出 effective adj. 有效的, 起作用的 benefit v. 有益于, 对……有益 experience n. 经验; 经历; 体验at least至少 significantly adv. 显著地; 明显地
长难句分析
The challenge faced by cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces. 城市面临的挑战是, 越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值, 但我们依旧看到这些空地的消失。
分析：本句为主从复合句。主句中faced by cities为过去分词短语作后置定语; that引导的是表语从句; 从句中包含一个由but连接的并列句。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
（2020福建省泉州市第七中学期末）
An act of kindness doesn’t have to be a grand gesture. Even those small acts of kindness can make a difference in someone’s day. That was just the case for Amie Mickey when she 1 a bumper sticker （车尾贴） on her car reading: You Matter.
Amie started to do this several years ago. At first, she wondered if people would 2 it. However, much to her surprise, she began seeing a flood of 3 every time she hit the road. More often than not, people 4 slowly near her car would roll down their windows, raising their 5 , waving and smiling. Sometimes, she even found some sticky notes left on her windshield saying things like “You 6 too!” Once while she was driving down the highway, she became 7 when a man driving a sports car at a high speed pulled his car alongside suddenly, waving and mouthing, “You matter!” Though it took her some time to recover from the 8 , she still felt happy. Last year, someone 9 her car while she was waiting for her friend in the car by the roadside, saying to her, “It is a（n） 10 sticker. I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your sticker has done.” The two small words on the sticker seem simple enough, but they really struck a chord with many complete strangers who 11 to catch sight of the sticker.
Stories like Amie’s really 12 the rest of us. Sometimes a kind word or gesture may lift our 13 and it doesn’t cost a thing except for a little extra thought. Maybe it means offering a friend a hug, praising the children when they 14 well in school, helping someone out or volunteering at nursing homes. Acts of kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 15 impact on the world, and help form general goodness.
1.A.tore upB.picked upC.fixed upD.put up
2.A.watchB.overlookC.noticeD.ignore
3.A.attentionB.confusionC.strangersD.passers-by
4.A.runningB.drivingC.walkingD.riding
5.A.voicesB.hatsC.shouldersD.thumbs
6.A.countB.shareC.valueD.matter
7.A.frightenedB.discouragedC.embarrassedD.disappointed
8.A.parkingB.speedC.incidentD.event
9.A.approachedB.blockedC.repairedD.cleaned
10.A.importantB.specialC.typicalD.skeptical
11.A.happenedB.occurredC.managedD.offered
12.A.shockB.inspireC.delightD.satisfy
13.A.feelingsB.thoughtsC.spiritsD.minds
14.A.workB.exerciseC.conductD.behave
15.A.reliableB.subjectiveC.positiveD.brief
答案：1.D
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Amie Mickey在汽车上贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条。通过这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
【解题思路】考查动词短语。根据空后的a bumper sticker（车尾贴） on her car可知是她在车上张贴（put up）了贴纸。故选D项。
答案：2.C
解析：2.【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文would roll down their windows, raising their可知她想知道人们是否会注意到这个贴纸, 空后的it指代贴纸。故选C项。
答案：3.A
解析：3.【解题思路】考查名词。令她感到惊讶的是, 每次她一上路就开始看到大量的关注。attention注意; 关注。故选A项。
答案：4.B
解析：4.【解题思路】考查动词。通过分析上下文可知, 下文提到 “人们摇下车窗”, 由此可知, 此处表示缓慢开车的人。故选B项。
答案：5.D
解析：5.【解题思路】考查名词。此处表示人们对她的行为表示称赞, 因此是竖起拇指。故选D项。
答案：6.D
解析：6.【解题思路】考查动词。此处表达别人对她的行为的认可, 同时和前面提到的 “You Matter!”相呼应。故选D项。
答案：7.A
解析：7.【解题思路】考查形容词。通过下文when a man driving a sports car at a high speed pulled his car alongside suddenly可知, 此处是一个男人突然把车开到她旁边, 所以Amie应该是吓了一跳, 感到害怕。故选A项。
答案：8.C
解析：8.【解题思路】考查名词。此处应是指“Amie感到吓一跳”这件事, 从这次事件中恢复过来。incident是指偶然发生的, 不太重要的小事。event是指重大而引人注目的事情。故选C项。
答案：9.A
解析：9.【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文saying to her可知该空的动词和该句中的saying构成前后的逻辑关系。人先走向Amie, 然后再说话。故选A项。
答案：10.B
解析：10.【解题思路】考查形容词。根据下文“I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your sticker has done. （我以前见过各种各样的贴纸, 但没有一个像你的贴纸那样让我感动。）”可知, 这个贴纸和他见过的其他贴纸不一样, 很特别。故选B项。
答案：11.A
解析：11.【解题思路】考查动词。此处指这句话引起了很多碰巧看到这个贴纸的人的共鸣。happen to碰巧。故选A项。
答案：12.B
解析：12.【解题思路】考查动词。Amie的行为激励了人们。故选B项。
答案：13.C
解析：13.【解题思路】考查名词。此处指一句友善的话语或一个小的行为都会振奋我们的精神。故选C项。
答案：14.D
解析：14.【解题思路】考查动词。表扬孩子, 是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选D项。
答案：15.C
解析：15.【解题思路】考查形容词。尽管它们看起来很微小, 但它们会对世界产生积极的影响。make a positive impact on对……产生积极影响, 故选C项。
8Unit 6 Nature in words Section Ⅱ Using language
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1.It is an honour for me to be invited to attend （attend） the conference.
2.His mother wanted him to be （be） a teacher when he grew up, but he didn’t want.
3.She is said to have been given （give） an offer to go to the big company.
4.He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not to do （do） so.
5.My teacher encouraged me to study hard to be admitted （admit） to a key university.
6. To improve （improve） his English, he gets up early to listen to the radio every morning.
7.Greatly touched （touch） by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.
8. Founded （found） in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
9. Having been told （tell） many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
10.The computer centre, opened （open） last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
11. Getting （get） along well with my classmates, I always get help whenever in trouble.
12.Not having received （receive） a reply from the company, he decided to call the company.
13.We made our way home, exhausted （exhaust） but thrilled.
14. To make （make） your dream come true, the first thing to do is make a plan and determine to carry it out.
15.Seeing Mom coming （come）home, Tom pretended to be reading a book.
16.The film being shown （show） these days attracts a lot of young people.
17.The exam to be taken （take） several months away is of great importance to every student.
18.With the head teacher guiding （guide） us, we are sure to have a bright future.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
be known for, nothing but, be used to, for instance, in my opinion, all the time, think about, participate in, be irrelevant to, the same as
1.The essay which you wrote is irrelevant to the topic.
2.I have to remind myself repeatedly that I’m not a child anymore. Otherwise, I feel the same as before.
3.Jack will have to participate in a sporting activity that day, so he can’t accompany you to the party.
4.Lola is so determined that she never thinks about quitting.
5.Guilin is a tourist attraction which is known for its beautiful scenery.
6.Sandy could do nothing but admit to his teacher that he was wrong.
7.A machine could, for instance , make a complete set of plates and dishes out of plastic.
8.This method can be used to solve the problem.
9. In my opinion , learning English is a step-by-step process.
10.Opportunities are present all the time , but often they disappear without notice.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.老师课堂上说的使我感到困惑。
What the teacher said in class made me feel puzzled .
2.放学后我们去阅览室读书, 结果被告知阅览室正在装修。
After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it was being decorated.
3.昨天在街上走着的时候, 我遇到了一位老朋友。
While walking in the street yesterday, I met an old friend of mine.
4.这个房间住起来很舒服。
This room is comfortable to live in .
5.今天早上当我进来的时候, 我发现他正在埋头读一本小说。
When I came in this morning, I found him buried in a novel.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2021江苏省泰州中学高二开学考试）
If two scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory are correct, people will still be driving gasoline-powered cars 50 years from now, giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） into the atmosphere-and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming.
In a proposal by two scientists, vehicle emissions（排放物） would no longer contribute to global warming. The scientists, F. Jeffrey Martin and William L. Kubic Jr., are proposing a concept, which they have named Green Freedom, for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline.
The idea is simple. Air would be blown over a liquid solution of potassium carbonate, which would absorb the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide would then be put to chemical reactions that would turn it into fuel（燃料）: gasoline or jet fuel.
This process could change carbon dioxide from an unwanted, climate-changing pollutant into a vast resource for renewable fuels. The cycle-equal amounts of carbon dioxide produced and removed-would mean that cars, trucks and airplanes using the synthetic（合成的） fuels would no longer be contributing to global warming.
Although they have not yet built a synthetic fuel factory, or even a small model, the scientists say it is all based on existing technology. “Everything in the concept has been built, is operating or has a close cousin that is operating,” Dr. Martin said.
The Los Alamos proposal does not go against any laws of physics, and other scientists who have independently suggested similar ideas. Dr. Martin said he and Dr. Kubic had worked out their concept in more detail than former proposals.
There is, however, a major fact that explains why no one has built a carbon-dioxide-to-gasoline factory: it requires a great deal of energy.
According to their explanation, their concept, which would cost about ＄5 billion to build, could produce gasoline at an operating cost of ＄1.40 a gallon and would turn economically practical when the price at the pump hits ＄4.60 a gallon.
Other scientists said the Los Alamos proposal perhaps looked promising but could not evaluate it fully because the details had not been published. “It’s definitely worth pursuing,” said Martin I. Hoffert, a professor of physics at New York University. “It’s not that new. It has a couple of pieces to it that are interesting.”
1.What is the value of the scientists’ proposal
A.It increases the productivity of a fuel factory.
B.It decreases the cost of producing gasoline.
C.It reduces the pollution caused by car driving.
D.It promotes a new idea of environmental protection.
2.The underlined part “has a close cousin that is operating” probably means the technology in the concept .
A.has been popular for so long
B.has been ignored by many people
C.is not appropriate for practice
D.will be put into practice in the near future
3.What is the biggest challenge in realizing the concept Green Freedom
A.There is no theoretical basis.
B.It is not economically practical.
C.There is no solution to some technical problems.
D.Only a few scientists support the idea.
答案：1.C
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们提出的一种把汽油燃烧后的二氧化碳变成燃料以减少环境污染的观念、理论依据和具体实践中的问题。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） into the atmosphere-and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming和第二段中的for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline可知, 科学家们的这个新提议能够减少汽油对环境的污染, 把二氧化碳变成燃料。故选C项。
答案：2.D
解析：2.【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】此处指这种观念依据的是现有科技, 一切已经建造, 正在操作或付诸实践。画线部分指在不久的将来付诸实践, 故选D项。
答案：3.B
解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】倒数第三段中的it requires a great deal of energy和倒数第二段内容中的数字表明, 建造这种工厂最大的障碍是需要大量的能源和资金, 缺乏经济上的可行性。故选B项。
深度解析
词汇积累
contribute to导致 global warming全球变暖
concept n. 概念; 观念
blow v. 吹动 renewable adj. 可再生的; 可更新的
go against 反对
长难句分析
According to their explanation, their concept, which would cost about ＄5 billion to build, could produce gasoline at an operating cost of ＄1.40 a gallon and would turn economically practical when the price at the pump hits ＄4.60 a gallon. 根据他们的分析, 实施这一概念的成本约为50亿美元, 它可以以每加仑1.40美元的运营成本生产汽油, 当加油站的价格达到每加仑4.60美元时, 经济上就会变得切实可行。
分析：本句为主从复合句。which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰主句主语concept, 主句有两个并列谓语could produce和would turn, 另外when引导时间状语从句。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
A
Li Ziqi, who lives in a picturesque village of south-west China’s Sichuan Province, 1 （make） a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016. In her videos, she 2 （graceful） works as a farmer, impressing viewers with her understanding of food, nature and Chinese culture while showcasing the charm of Chinese culture in every detail of daily life. Her traditional food preparation craft and Chinese rural lifestyle have attracted 11.1 million subscribers on YouTube.
Just like Li Ziqi, Grandpa Amu is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques to the world. 3 63-year-old Chinese grandpa’s traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws （螺丝钉）or nails. His most popular video, which shows him making a fantastic arch bridge, 4 （go） viral on the platform last month, gaining more than 42 million views. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon（榫卯）technique, 5 means no glue or nails are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several 6 （wood） toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson’s 7 （favorite）.
Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos, 8 （hope） that the popularity would help local villagers 9 （well） sell their farm produce. Although the master carpenter has drawn over 1.18 million subscribers so far on YouTube, Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity 10 just an ordinary farmer.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.has made
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了两位在YouTube上人气很高的网红李子柒和阿木爷爷。
考查动词的时态。句意：李子柒住在中国西南部四川省一个风景如画的村庄里, 自2016年起, 她就因在YouTube上制作各种中国菜而出名。 根据时间状语since 2016可知, 此处应用现在完成时。故填has made。
答案：2.gracefully
解析：2.考查副词。 修饰句子的谓语动词works, 应该用副词形式。故填gracefully。
答案：3.The
解析：3.考查冠词。前一句中提到Grandpa Amu, 此处用定冠词the特指前一句中的“Grandpa Amu”; 句子第一个单词首字母应大写。故填The。
答案：4.went
解析：4.考查动词的时态。时间状语 last month指过去的时间, 句子的时态应该用一般过去时。故填went。
答案：5.which
解析：5.考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 用which引导非限制性定语从句, that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
答案：6.wooden
解析：6.考查形容词。修饰名词toys应该用形容词形式; wood是名词, 形容词形式为wooden, 意为“木制的”。故填wooden。
答案：7.favorites
解析：7.考查名词的数。句子主语a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy是复数意义, 因此favorite应该用复数形式。故填favorites。
答案：8.hoping
解析：8.考查非谓语动词。hope和句子的主语Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law是逻辑上的主动关系, 此处用现在分词hoping作状语。故填hoping。
答案：9.better
解析：9.考查副词比较级。根据语境可知, 此处well应该用比较级形式, 意为“更好地”; well的比较级是better。故填better。
答案：10.but
解析：10.考查连词。分析句子结构可知, 此处是not…but…“不是……而是……”的应用。故填but。
B
（2020江西赣州高二期中）
The southern area of Jiangxi Province 1 （produce） tea for hundreds of years. Villagers there often like to sing songs while 2 （pick） tea leaves. The beautiful tunes echo over the tea gardens in the hills. After over 400 years of development, this practice has been transformed into a performance art.
The tea-picking opera, or Caicha Xi in Chinese, is 3 culture monument of Jiangxi Province, having a history of more than 400 years. The opera can be seen on special occasions such as Chinese New Year, 4 the locals are looking to pray for prosperity and a good harvest. Tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi Province is a combination of folk songs and dancing. 5 （it） repertoire（全部剧目） is not about royal families or government officials, 6 about the daily lives of local people.
After the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, 7 （music） created a number of songs based on tea-picking tunes and took the opera to a bigger stage. In 1960s, the popular “See the Red Army Off” 8 （compose） by drawing inspiration from one of the 9 （tradition） tunes of the southern Jiangxi tea-picking opera. 86 years ago, with the same tune, mothers saw off their sons, and wives saw off their husbands for Long March.
In 2006, it was listed 10 an intangible cultural heritage in China. To better keep the tradition and pass it on from generation to generation, the local government has provided free education for teenagers in love with tea-picking opera.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.has produced/has been producing
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了江西的采茶戏。采茶戏是一种传统的剧目, 有着悠久的历史。中华人民共和国成立以来, 音乐家根据采茶曲调创造了许多歌曲。
考查动词的时态。句意：江西省南部地区生产茶叶已经有数百年之久。根据时间状语for hundreds of years可知, 用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填has produced/has been producing。
答案：2.picking
解析：2.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, pick与其逻辑主语Villagers之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填picking。
答案：3.a
解析：3.考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表示泛指, culture是以辅音音素开头的词, 用不定冠词a。故填a。
答案：4.when
解析：4.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空格处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词是occasions, 关系词在从句中作时间状语, 用关系副词when, 故填when。
答案：5.Its
解析：5.考查代词。修饰名词repertoire用形容词性物主代词, 表示“它的”; 句子第一个单词首字母应大写, 故填Its。
答案：6.but
解析：6.考查连词。not…but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
答案：7.musicians
解析：7.考查名词。空格处是主语, 表示“音乐家”, 用musician, musician是可数名词, 前面没有限定词, 故填musicians。
答案：8.was composed
解析：8.考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子成分可知, compose是谓语动词, 与主语“See the Red Army Off” 是被动关系, 由时间状语In 1960s可推断, 时态用一般过去时, 且主语是第三人称单数, 故填was composed。
答案：9.traditional
解析：9.考查形容词。修饰名词tunes 用形容词作定语, 故填traditional。
答案：10.as
解析：10.考查固定短语。be listed as“被列为”是固定用法, 故填as。
9Unit 6 Nature in words Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Movement is absolute while stillness （still） is relative.
2.People can act violently （violent） if they feel threatened.
3.Other cultures may use silence （silent） in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts between people.
4.We all know that Yuan Longping is famous for his scientific （science） achievements.
5.It is often said that human beings are naturally （natural） equipped to speak.
6.When I was young, I didn’t know much about the harmful （harm） effects of smoking.
7.I recommend him to think very carefully （careful） before he does anything foolish.
8.This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled （puzzle）.
9.UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness （aware） of jazz music.
10.Very few of those interviewed spoke positively （positive） about their childhood.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
rather than, launch into, on the alert, puzzled about, be banned from, cause harm to, be aimed at, in particular
1.After the accident, he was stopped from driving. was banned from
2.Its color can alter regularly in a day, and it makes people confused about it. puzzled about
3.Knowing that threatening danger, they were ready to fight. on the alert
4.It takes courage to get down to a new business in these difficult times. launch into
5.The programme is intended for teenage audience. is aimed at
6.She loves the song especially, because her mother used to sing it. in particular
7.You’d better give up smoking; it has a bad effect on your health. causes harm to
8.It was the culture, instead of the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. rather than
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1.十分之九的受访女性表示喜欢这款产品。
Nine out of ten women interviewed about the product said they liked it.
2.与其说他死了, 倒不如说他看上去睡着了。
He looks more asleep than dead .
3.他开会迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。
The reason why he was late for the meeting was that he missed the early bus .
4.目前, 并不是每个人都支持他的计划。
Not everyone is in favor of his plan at present.
5.除非你能睡个好觉, 否则一两个晚上之后, 你就会失去集中注意力、制订计划和保持动力的能力。
Unless you can sleep well , you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
（2021河北安平中学高二月考）
The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. Besides “Shanzhai” electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala, a copy of the traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve.
“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. “Shanzhai” versions of “Bird’s Nest” and “Water Cube” woven by farmers with bamboo attract wide attention from tourists. Both are copies of the famous Olympic buildings in Beijing.
A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. “Although it is often connected with poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’ culture meets the psychological needs of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” he said.
To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. People believe different kinds of cultures’ developing together is a perfect way and it is for the public to choose.
1.The Chinese word “Shanzhai” may have started with .
A.fake （假的） cell-phonesB.electronic products
C.the Spring Festival GalaD.Olympic buildings
2.According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture means .
A.the action that a person imitates famous people
B.products with poor techniques and quality
C.anything that is a copy of something famous
D.those similar names to famous brands
3.We can infer that the mainstream culture .
A.is held back by “Shanzhai” culture
B.is the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture
C.will be replaced by “Shanzhai” culture
D.may develop faster because of the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture
答案：1.A
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了“山寨”文化的产生及其影响。对于大众来说, 它具有一定的吸引力; 对于主流文化来说, 它具有一定的挑战性。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. 可知,“山寨”最初的意思是指手机假货。
故选A项。
答案：2.C
解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. （“山寨”已经成为一种独特的文化, 是指任何模仿著名事物的东西。）可知,“山寨”文化是指出名的东西的复制品。故选C项。
答案：3.D
解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. （对于主流文化来说,“山寨”文化的兴起是一种挑战和动力。）可知,“山寨”文化对于主流文化来说, 有可能会使其受到刺激并发展。故选D项。
深度解析
词汇积累
traditional adj. 传统的; 惯例的 of one’s own属于某人自己的 imitate vt. 模仿, 仿效 timely adv. 及时be connected with 与……有关 comfort n. 令人感到安慰的人（或事物）
长难句分析
A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. 一位文学评论家说, 以“山寨”春晚为例, 当传统的央视节目对观众的吸引力变得越来越小时,“山寨”版本及时出现来吸引人们。
分析：本句为主从复合句。谓语动词said后面是that引导的宾语从句, 其中, 现在分词短语taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example在从句中作状语, when引导时间状语从句。
Ⅱ. 七选五
（2020四川绵阳高二月考）
Many people are stuck in a life they don’t want, and are held in places by everything from financial restrictions to social pressures. If you are looking to pursue your dreams, it can be discouraging to change everything at once. 1
Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. Be honest with yourself about what you want, no matter how impossible it seems and ignore what you “should” do based on the views of your friends, family or society. 2 Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. Look at the themes of your list to get an idea of what your dream life will look like.
3 Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. List the steps you will need to take to get to each goal, and get down to the little details.
Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result. 4
Figure out how you can work your second two goals into your life. 5 If your big dream is to quit your job and travel around the world, start a savings account that is dedicated to travel money and set aside a small amount each week for three years. Plan your steps according to the time you set and they will be doable and fit smoothly into your life.
A.Seek support from your friends and family.
B.You will need to have courage to make changes.
C.Identify the top three things that will get you closer to your dream life.
D.When you achieve the goal, find a way to continue integrating it into your life.
E.Choose a deadline for each goal, whether it is one year down the road or five.
F.List the things you want to accomplish in your life, both personal and professional.
G.Instead, making small, gradual changes to prepare the way to dreams makes the process easier.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
答案：1.G
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。许多人被困在他们不想要的生活中, 被经济限制、社会压力等一切所束缚。文章主要就如何实现梦想提出了一些建议。
【解题思路】上文提到, 如果你想追求你的梦想, 一下子改变一切会让你泄气。那么本句应当是建议从小的改变做起会比较容易。故选项G“相反, 做一些小的、渐进的改变, 为梦想的道路做准备, 会使这个过程更容易”符合上下文语境, 故选G项。
答案：2.F
解析：2.【解题思路】根据本段第一句Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. 以及下文Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. 可知, 本句应当是在说明列出生活中想要完成的事情, 不要遗漏。故选项F“列出你在生活中想要完成的事情, 包括个人的和专业的”符合上下文语境, 故选F项。
答案：3.C
解析：3.【解题思路】根据下文Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. 可知, 选择一个相对容易完成的, 一个可行但需要努力的, 一个基于你目前的情况和生活方式似乎不可能的。由此可知, 本句应当是在说明找出更能让你接近梦想生活的前三件事。故选C项。
答案：4.D
解析：4.【解题思路】根据上文Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result. 可知, 从最小的目标开始, 循序渐进直到你实现它。每完成一个步骤, 把它划掉, 这样除结果外, 你还可以庆祝这个过程。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明, 实现了目标之后应该想办法把目标融入生活。故选D项。
答案：5.E
解析：5.【解题思路】根据下文内容可知, 如果你的梦想是辞职去环游世界, 那就开设一个专门用于旅行的储蓄账户, 每周存一小笔钱, 持续三年。根据你设定的时间计划你的步骤, 它们将是可行的, 并会顺利地融入你的生活。由此可知, 本句是在说明为目标选定一个时间期限。故选项E“为每个目标选定一个最后期限, 无论是今后的一年还是五年”符合上下文语境, 故选E项。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
1.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday, David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old. When David passed them, he heard the woman yell, “How stupid you are! You’re good at nothing.”David stopped and looked at the little boy. The boy said nothing. He just stood there, looking upset.
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs Brown in middle school. After he entered middle school, David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others. He was often told that he was good at nothing, which David believed. But one day it all changed.
One day, in an English writing class, Mrs Brown asked them to read a novel. They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading the book. A few days later, David handed in his story. He didn’t give it much thought. But the next day to his surprise, the comment “well done” from Mrs Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
When David read that, he almost burst into tears. He never expected to be praised one day. He suddenly gained some self-confidence.
That day after he returned home, he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs Brown the next morning. And again he was praised.
David became very interested in writing. He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs Brown to read them and corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice on improving them. One year later, David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it. He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence. He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing. Several years after graduating from college, he had his first book published. With some more books coming out, he became famous as a writer in his country. And he owed his success to Mrs Brown’s encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.
The mother was ashamed when she heard that.
解析：深度解析
确定故事要素
要素 内容
Who David, Mrs Brown, a boy and his mother
When last Saturday
Where in the park
What David saw a mother scolding her boy for his being good at nothing. David thought back his teacher and realized the importance of encouragement.
解析：提取故事线索
故事线索The Clue David witnessed a boy being scolded-felt pity for the boy-do something
开端 Beginning David saw an angry mother and a silent boy.
发展 Development The mother scolded the boy for his being stupid.
高潮Climax David thought of how his teacher encouraged him to be a good writer.
结局Ending David decided to do something to help the poor boy.
续写情境推理 Para. 1: Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy. 1. What did David do He went to the woman, started to chat with her and told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate. 2. What did David think of what his teacher did then “I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.” （此处使用虚拟语气体现David的感恩。） Para. 2: The mother was ashamed when she heard that. 1. Was the mother in favor of his advice “Thank you for your advice. I’ll never say such things to him again.”（续写故事要有积极向上的价值观, 所以推断David的努力让这对母子得到帮助。） 2. What would the mother do “Instead, I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.”（依据所给材料, 母亲会改变自己的教育方式, 以鼓励为主。） 3. How did he feel then Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved, hoping his action could make some difference to the boy. （最后段落要通过心理描写体现生活中的小行为对别人产生的大影响。）
答案：高分范文
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy. He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and seen his pictures. David started to chat with her. He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate. Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs Brown. In the end, he said, “I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.” ;
The mother was ashamed when she heard that. She realized that she shouldn’t have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself. So she said, “Thank you for your advice. I’ll never say such things to him again. Instead, I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy. Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved, hoping his action could make some difference to the boy.
9Unit 6 Nature in words Section Ⅳ Expanding your world
Ⅰ. 语境填词
1.She asked him to contribute a weekly （每周的） article on European affairs.
2.Thus, last year, Papa insisted （坚决要求） that we learn at least one new thing each day.
3.He made many efforts to enhance （增强） his reputation.
4.The police carried out a thorough （彻底的） investigation.
5.Brave man as he is, he trembles （发抖） at the sight of snakes.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
glare at, be bent on, fade away, speak of, get rid of
1.The mistakes in this report really stare angrily at you. glare at
2.Jim seems to have a thirst for becoming a musician. be bent on
3.Many accidents have resulted from carelessness, and that’s why we must remove the bad habit of making calls while driving. get rid of
4.The old man became ill and slowly became weaker. faded away
5.When we talk about Christmas, we tend to think of decorations, shiny lights, snow, presents, and Christmas trees. speak of
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1.与其说他像个救生员, 倒不如说他像个影星。
He is more like a film star than a lifeguard.
2.我更喜欢住在乡下的一个原因是那儿没有空气污染和交通堵塞。
One reason for my preference for living in the countryside is that it has no air pollution or traffic jams.
3.金先生工作单位的老板到医院来探视。
The boss of the unit where Mr King worked called at the hospital.
4.他明确表态说, 他支持我们。
He made it clear that he stood behind us.
5.当我们来到宴会时, Dick不知何故已先行离开。
By the time we arrived at the party, Dick had left alone for no reason.
素养综合练
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
（2020江西高二期末）
Do you sometimes find yourself drawing random patterns（图案）during meetings and lectures Some people believe it shows that you aren’t listening or paying attention. However, there are studies which claim the opposite, and that doodling might actually be beneficial.
Doodling seems to be popular. In the past, it was seen as a mindless activity and a product of the absent-minded. However, in 2016, an article on the Harvard University website discussed the idea that random drawing may assist memory retention（保持）and concentration.
The article stresses that 26 of 44 American presidents were known to doodle, with Ronald Reagan famous for drawing cowboys. A 2009 study conducted by psychologist Jackie Andrade asked 40 people to listen to a “dull and boring” voice message. Half of the group were asked to doodle and shade in a picture. Those who did were able to recall 29% more of the information contained in the message.
Some experts believe that willingly accepting your creative and artistic sides during meetings may engage your mind. Jesse Prinz, a famous professor of philosophy, actively encourages his students to doodle. He believes that doodling is the “attentional sweet spot”.
And it might not just be good for your concentration. An artist known as Mr Doodle has made a career out of his scribbles（乱涂乱画）. He sells his art online and also goes to people’s homes to decorate their walls.
It seems that random drawing to aid concentration might be becoming more of a thing. People like Sunni Brown, an advocate for doodling, teach adults how to sketch and scribble in the workplace. So, the next time you see someone randomly drawing pictures during a meeting, it might be a sign that they are listening more than you think.
1.Which phrase has the same meaning as “doodling”
A.A product of the absent-minded.B.Random drawing.
C.Scribbles in the workplace.D.Drawing on the walls.
2.The author refers to Ronald Reagan in order to .
A.inform readers of Reagan’s abilityB.provide some background information
C.introduce a new topic of further discussionD.give an example of the advantages of doodling
3.Why does Jesse Prinz think that doodling is the “attentional sweet spot”？
A.He thinks that it draws more attention.B.He thinks that it promises a good career.
C.He believes that it helps to engage the mind.D.He believes that it can bring economic benefits.
4.What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A.To state the benefits that you can get from random drawing.
B.To provide guidance on leading a random drawing life.
C.To stress the need of distraction at work and in our life.
D.To suggest a way of pursuing concentration in our lifelong career.
答案：1.B
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了在会议或讲座中涂鸦实际上可能是有益的。
【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Do you sometimes find yourself drawing random patterns （图案）during meetings and lectures ”可知,“Random drawing”和“doodling”有相同的含义。故选B项。
答案：2.D
解析：2.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中的“However, in 2016, an article on the Harvard University website discussed the idea that random drawing may assist memory retention（保持）and concentration.”以及第三段中的“The article stresses that 26 of 44 American presidents were known to doodle, with Ronald Reagan famous for drawing cowboys.”可知, 文中提到罗纳德·里根是为了举例说明涂鸦的好处。故选D项。
答案：3.C
解析：3.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“Some experts believe that willingly accepting your creative and artistic sides during meetings may engage your mind. （一些专家认为, 在会议中欣然接受你创造性和艺术性的一面可能会调动你的思维。）”可知, Jesse Prinz认为涂鸦是“注意力的最佳点”, 是因为涂鸦有助于调动思维。故选C项。
答案：4.A
解析：4.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“However, there are studies which claim the opposite, and that doodling might actually be beneficial. （然而, 有研究得出相反的结论, 涂鸦实际上可能是有益的。）”以及下文介绍涂鸦的好处可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是陈述涂鸦给我们带来的好处。故选A项。
深度解析
词汇积累
random adj. 随机的; 任意的 assist v. 帮助 be good for 有益于; 对……有好处 more of 更多的
B
（2020河北邢台月考）
Joy Mangano was 33 and divorced. She had three kids under age 7, and was barely keeping up payments on her small two-bedroom home by working extra hours as a waitress. “There were times when I would lie in bed and think, I don’t know how I’m going to pay that bill,” Mangano says.
But she had a special ability to see the obvious thing. She knew how hard it was to mop the floor. “I was tired of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing （拧） out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, there’s gotta be a better way.”
How about a “self-wringing” mop She designed a special tool you could twist in two directions at once, and still keep your hands clean and dry. She set out to sell it, first a few at flea markets.
Then Mangano met with the media. But would couch potatoes （电视迷）buy a mop The experts on shopping TV were less than certain. They gave it a try, and it failed. Mangano was sure it would sell if they’d let her do the on-camera display. She said, “Get me on that stage, and I will sell this mop because it’s a great item.”
So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. “I got onstage and the phones went crazy. We sold every mop in minutes.”
Today she’s the president of Ingenious Designs, a multimillion-dollar company, and one of the stars of HSN, the Home Shopping Network. Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is for a parent to talk about his or her child.”
5.What is the first paragraph mainly about
A.Mangano’s small home.B.Mangano’s work experience.
C.Mangano’s unhappy marriage.D.Mangano’s hard living conditions.
6.Mangano sold the mop successfully with the help of .
A.HSNB.QVC
C.couch potatoes
D.experts on shopping TV
7.What does Mangano think of her invention
A.Special.B.Normal.
C.Dissatisfied.D.Unbelievable.
8.What can we learn from the text
A.HSN is a business organization that sells goods on the Internet.
B.The experts on shopping TV were confident about Mangano’s mop.
C.Mangano got the idea of the self-wringing mop from her own experience.
D.Mangano once had to work seven days a week to support her family.
答案：5.D
解析：5.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joy Mangano这位单亲妈妈虽然生活很艰辛, 但她凭借着自己的聪明和努力, 发明了备受欢迎的自动拧干拖布。如今她已是一家拥有数百万美元资产的公司的总裁。
【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容可知, Joy Mangano那时33岁, 离异。她有3个不满七岁的孩子, 靠加班当女服务生工作勉强维持两居室的小房子。因此第一段讲述的是Mangano艰苦的生活状况。故选D。
答案：6.B
解析：6.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据倒数第二段中So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. 可以判断出在QVC的帮助下, 她成功地卖出了拖把。故选B。
答案：7.B
解析：7.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据最后一段最后一句Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is for a parent to talk about his or her child.”可知, 谈论到家居用品的发明, 她说：“就像一个家长在谈论他或她的孩子, 这对于我来说很自然。”所以她认为她的发明很正常。故选B。
答案：8.C
解析：8. 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中“I was tired of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing （拧） out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, there’s gotta be a better way.”可知, Mangano从自己的经验中得到了自拧水拖把的想法。故选C。
深度解析
长难句分析
Mangano was sure it would sell if they’d let her do the on-camera display. Mangano 确信, 如果他们让她在镜头前展示, 它会卖得很好。
分析：本句是主从复合句。was sure后面为宾语从句, 宾语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
（2020陕西汉中高二月考）
Since 1949 when the People’s Republic of China 1 （establish）, and especially since 1978, China’s transformation from a traditional 2 （agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelerated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China’s industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, 3 aimed at the proportion（比例）of agriculture declining ceaselessly, and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. 4 （current）, the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods.
China’s factory outputs extend from textiles （纺织业） to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large 5 （quantity） of textiles and clothes. Food processing is very important, and much produce is exported. Other industrial products 6 （include）television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.
China has become 7 industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization, have developed by leaps and bounds. The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment, 8 the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China’s industry 9 （compete） internationally, and as a result, the 10 （develop） of the country’s industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
答案：1.was established
解析：1.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。自1949年, 特别是自1978年以来, 中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会转型, 在产业结构调整的快速推进下, 取得了长足的进步。
考查时态和语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时, the People’s Republic of China与establish构成被动关系, 故填一般过去时的被动语态was established。
答案：2.agricultural
解析：2.考查形容词。society为名词, 需要形容词修饰, 故填agricultural。
答案：3.which
解析：3.考查定语从句关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词the objective of industrialization, 且关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 故用关系代词which。
答案：4.Currently
解析：4.考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词, 故填Currently。
答案：5.quantities
解析：5.考查名词的数。短语large quantities of表示“大量……”, 故填quantities。
答案：6.including
解析：6.考查介词。including为介词, 表示“包括; 包含”, 故填including。
答案：7.an
解析：7.考查冠词。country为可数名词, 此处泛指“一个国家”, 且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词, 故应填an。
答案：8.while/and
解析：8.考查连词。表示前后对比应用while; 表示承接关系用连词and。故填while/and。
答案：9.has been competing
解析：9.考查动词的时态。根据上文In recent years及上下文语境可知, 此处表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在, 不曾间断, 用现在完成进行时, 主语为单数, 故填has been competing。
答案：10.development
解析：10.考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词形式, 故填development。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你的家乡将庆祝首个“中国农民丰收节（the Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival）”, 请你用英语写封邮件, 邀请你的新西兰朋友Eric来参加, 内容包括:
1. 时间和地点;
2. 活动内容（民俗文化表演、美食品尝及观光活动等）。
注意:
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
答案：高分范文
Dear Eric,
How is everything going I am writing to invite you to participate in the celebration of the first Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival in my hometown. It will be held in the square from September 22 to September 24. It is expected to last from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.
The local government will host various activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, tasty food tasting and sightseeing. If it is convenient for you, you are welcome to visit my hometown. You can have a better understanding of Chinese culture through the activities. I believe that you will spend an unforgettable time during the festival.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
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